Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1731674
Svetlana Baziliansky, Miri Cohen
Different patterns of emotion regulation have been proposed for dealing with the intense emotions elicited while coping with cancer. The relationships between these different emotion regulation patterns have not yet been studied. This study examined the usage levels of different emotion regulation patterns (repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal), the intercorrelations and clustering of these patterns and their associations with personal coping resources (personal resilience and self-compassion) in a sample of colorectal cancer survivors. This was a cross-sectional study in which 153 colorectal cancer survivors, stages II-III, (47% female, 53% male), aged 26-87, completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-6, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale-14 and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. The four emotion regulation patterns were found to be distinct from each other (i.e., low to moderate correlations). Cognitive reappraisal was negatively related to suppression and experiential avoidance and positively associated with self-compassion. Two-step cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters: Cluster 1-the suppression-avoidance dominant cluster; Cluster 2-the cognitive reappraisal dominant cluster; and Cluster 3-the repression dominant cluster. Repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal were found to differ from each other but able to be organized into distinct clusters of survivors. Healthcare professionals should be aware of these different emotion regulation patterns and the need to identify the patterns used by each survivor.
{"title":"Emotion Regulation Patterns among Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Clustering and Associations with Personal Coping Resources.","authors":"Svetlana Baziliansky, Miri Cohen","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1731674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1731674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different patterns of emotion regulation have been proposed for dealing with the intense emotions elicited while coping with cancer. The relationships between these different emotion regulation patterns have not yet been studied. This study examined the usage levels of different emotion regulation patterns (repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal), the intercorrelations and clustering of these patterns and their associations with personal coping resources (personal resilience and self-compassion) in a sample of colorectal cancer survivors. This was a cross-sectional study in which 153 colorectal cancer survivors, stages II-III, (47% female, 53% male), aged 26-87, completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-6, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale-14 and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. The four emotion regulation patterns were found to be distinct from each other (i.e., low to moderate correlations). Cognitive reappraisal was negatively related to suppression and experiential avoidance and positively associated with self-compassion. Two-step cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters: Cluster 1-the suppression-avoidance dominant cluster; Cluster 2-the cognitive reappraisal dominant cluster; and Cluster 3-the repression dominant cluster. Repression, suppression, experiential avoidance and cognitive reappraisal were found to differ from each other but able to be organized into distinct clusters of survivors. Healthcare professionals should be aware of these different emotion regulation patterns and the need to identify the patterns used by each survivor.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 3","pages":"214-224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2020.1731674","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37820592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2021-03-11DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1870428
Latesha Elopre, Sophia A Hussen, Corilyn Ott, Michael J Mugavero, Janet M Turan
HIV disparities among Young, Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) persist despite concerted efforts to increase uptake of prevention tools like HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We conducted in-depth interviews with 25 YBMSM (aged 18-29 years old) to understand factors contributing to PrEP access in Birmingham, Alabama. We identified that one major barrier to PrEP uptake was intersectional stigma related to their multiple identities and contributed to lack of feeling able to accept their sexual identities. Facilitators of validation and acceptance of sexual identity were strong social support networks, which participants reported consisted of, not only other gay and bisexual Black men, but also Black women, an unexplored social support group among YBMSM networks. However, participants felt that internal, perceived and experienced homophobia were exacerbated in Southern, Black communities due to perceived values surrounding masculinity, which were reinforced by religious doctrine. Looking forward, public health officials will need to add additional resources to support interventions that have meso-level impact to effectively change social norms as a critical determinant of individual-level prevention practices within this at-risk group and their social networks.
{"title":"A Qualitative Study: The Journey to Self-Acceptance of Sexual Identity among Young, Black MSM in the South.","authors":"Latesha Elopre, Sophia A Hussen, Corilyn Ott, Michael J Mugavero, Janet M Turan","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1870428","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1870428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV disparities among Young, Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) persist despite concerted efforts to increase uptake of prevention tools like HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We conducted in-depth interviews with 25 YBMSM (aged 18-29 years old) to understand factors contributing to PrEP access in Birmingham, Alabama. We identified that one major barrier to PrEP uptake was intersectional stigma related to their multiple identities and contributed to lack of feeling able to accept their sexual identities. Facilitators of validation and acceptance of sexual identity were strong social support networks, which participants reported consisted of, not only other gay and bisexual Black men, but also Black women, an unexplored social support group among YBMSM networks. However, participants felt that internal, perceived and experienced homophobia were exacerbated in Southern, Black communities due to perceived values surrounding masculinity, which were reinforced by religious doctrine. Looking forward, public health officials will need to add additional resources to support interventions that have meso-level impact to effectively change social norms as a critical determinant of individual-level prevention practices within this at-risk group and their social networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 4","pages":"324-334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8811952/pdf/nihms-1774475.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25477293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-06-17DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1763903
April J Ancheta, Billy A Caceres, Kasey B Jackman, Elizabeth Kreuze, Tonda L Hughes
Although racial/ethnic disparities in childhood obesity are well documented in the United States (U.S.), fewer studies have investigated elevated body mass index (BMI) and related health behaviors among sexual minority youth (SMY; gay/lesbian, bisexual, not sure). We examined pooled data from the 2009-2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, which included high school students from 12 urban U.S. school districts. We used sex-stratified logistic regression models to estimate the association of sexual identity with health behaviors and elevated BMI (reference = heterosexual participants). A total of 133,615 participants were included. Sexual minority boys were more likely to report physical inactivity than heterosexual boys. Gay and not sure boys were also less likely to consume the recommended daily intake of fruit. Bisexual girls were more likely than heterosexual girls to report watching television ≥ 3 hours on a school day and to consume sugar-sweetened beverages (AOR 1.30, 95% CI= 1.18-1.43). All SMY reported higher rates of current tobacco use than their heterosexual peers. Sexual minority girls and bisexual boys had significantly higher rates of obesity than their heterosexual counterparts. These findings can inform tailored health promotion initiatives to reduce obesity risk in SMY.
{"title":"Sexual Identity Differences in Health Behaviors and Weight Status among Urban High School Students.","authors":"April J Ancheta, Billy A Caceres, Kasey B Jackman, Elizabeth Kreuze, Tonda L Hughes","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1763903","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1763903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although racial/ethnic disparities in childhood obesity are well documented in the United States (U.S.), fewer studies have investigated elevated body mass index (BMI) and related health behaviors among sexual minority youth (SMY; gay/lesbian, bisexual, not sure). We examined pooled data from the 2009-2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, which included high school students from 12 urban U.S. school districts. We used sex-stratified logistic regression models to estimate the association of sexual identity with health behaviors and elevated BMI (reference = heterosexual participants). A total of 133,615 participants were included. Sexual minority boys were more likely to report physical inactivity than heterosexual boys. Gay and not sure boys were also less likely to consume the recommended daily intake of fruit. Bisexual girls were more likely than heterosexual girls to report watching television ≥ 3 hours on a school day and to consume sugar-sweetened beverages (AOR 1.30, 95% CI= 1.18-1.43). All SMY reported higher rates of current tobacco use than their heterosexual peers. Sexual minority girls and bisexual boys had significantly higher rates of obesity than their heterosexual counterparts. These findings can inform tailored health promotion initiatives to reduce obesity risk in SMY.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 4","pages":"259-271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8560978/pdf/nihms-1660158.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39844195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-02-06DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2019.1700481
Dalmacio D Flores, Steven P Meanley, Keosha T Bond, Madina Agenor, Michael V Relf, Julie V Barroso
The purposes of this study were to identify the sexuality-related topics parents and gay, bisexual, or queer (GBQ) adolescent males discussed at home and to describe the topics GBQ adolescent males recommend for parents to discuss with future cohorts of GBQ youth. Minimal research on parent-child sex communication with sexual minority adolescents prevents the development of interventions that would benefit adolescent males with same-sex attractions, behaviors and identities. As part of a multimethod qualitative study, we interviewed 30 GBQ adolescent males ages 15-20 and asked them to perform card sorts. From a list of 48 topics, we explored sexuality-related issues GBQ males were familiar with, the topics they discussed with a parent, and topics they suggested parents address with GBQ males at home. Most participants reported that parents assumed them heterosexual during sex talks prior to GBQ adolescent males' coming out. Participants challenged the heteronormative scripts used by parents when discussing sex and health. Participants identified sexuality topics that parents did not routinely cover during sex talks, but that GBQ youth felt would have been useful for them growing up with emergent identities. A non-heteronormative approach to parent-child sex communication is recommended to provide appropriate guidance about sex and HIV/STI prevention to this youth population. Our findings highlight a need to reconfigure parental sexuality scripts to be more inclusive when assisting GBQ males navigate adolescence.
{"title":"Topics for Inclusive Parent-Child Sex Communication by Gay, Bisexual, Queer Youth.","authors":"Dalmacio D Flores, Steven P Meanley, Keosha T Bond, Madina Agenor, Michael V Relf, Julie V Barroso","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2019.1700481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2019.1700481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purposes of this study were to identify the sexuality-related topics parents and gay, bisexual, or queer (GBQ) adolescent males discussed at home and to describe the topics GBQ adolescent males recommend for parents to discuss with future cohorts of GBQ youth. Minimal research on parent-child sex communication with sexual minority adolescents prevents the development of interventions that would benefit adolescent males with same-sex attractions, behaviors and identities. As part of a multimethod qualitative study, we interviewed 30 GBQ adolescent males ages 15-20 and asked them to perform card sorts. From a list of 48 topics, we explored sexuality-related issues GBQ males were familiar with, the topics they discussed with a parent, and topics they suggested parents address with GBQ males at home. Most participants reported that parents assumed them heterosexual during sex talks prior to GBQ adolescent males' coming out. Participants challenged the heteronormative scripts used by parents when discussing sex and health. Participants identified sexuality topics that parents did not routinely cover during sex talks, but that GBQ youth felt would have been useful for them growing up with emergent identities. A non-heteronormative approach to parent-child sex communication is recommended to provide appropriate guidance about sex and HIV/STI prevention to this youth population. Our findings highlight a need to reconfigure parental sexuality scripts to be more inclusive when assisting GBQ males navigate adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 3","pages":"175-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2019.1700481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37616876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-02-20DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1712582
Alicia M Hughes, Lucy Campbell, Hannah Graham, Frank Post, Trudie Chalder
This study aimed to identify the prevalence and predictors of current fatigue and fatigue at 1-year follow-up, in people with HIV. Participants were recruited from HIV outpatient clinics in London, England. We explored a range of bio-psychosocial factors associated with current fatigue severity, identifying the most salient factors in a multifactorial model. A prospective study explored the predictive value of specific psychological and behavioral factors in predicting fatigue severity at one year. Sixty-four of 131 (49%) participants met the criteria for clinically significant fatigue at baseline. Psychological and behavioral variables, but not immune-virologic markers or antiretroviral treatment, were associated with current fatigue severity. In the multifactorial model, catastrophizing and distress independently predicted current fatigue severity. Higher levels of fatigue at 1 year was predicted by baseline catastrophizing, symptom focusing, distress and sleep quality, when controlling for baseline fatigue, clinical and demographic variables. These findings suggest psychological and behavioral factors are important in the maintenance of fatigue in people with HIV and identify potential opportunities for treatment. Future interventions for fatigue in HIV should not only address anxiety, depression and distress but could be optimized by targeting psychological processes such as catastrophic thinking styles and symptom focusing.
{"title":"A Biopsychosocial Approach to HIV Fatigue: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Analysis to Identify Key Modifiable Factors.","authors":"Alicia M Hughes, Lucy Campbell, Hannah Graham, Frank Post, Trudie Chalder","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1712582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1712582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identify the prevalence and predictors of current fatigue and fatigue at 1-year follow-up, in people with HIV. Participants were recruited from HIV outpatient clinics in London, England. We explored a range of bio-psychosocial factors associated with current fatigue severity, identifying the most salient factors in a multifactorial model. A prospective study explored the predictive value of specific psychological and behavioral factors in predicting fatigue severity at one year. Sixty-four of 131 (49%) participants met the criteria for clinically significant fatigue at baseline. Psychological and behavioral variables, but not immune-virologic markers or antiretroviral treatment, were associated with current fatigue severity. In the multifactorial model, catastrophizing and distress independently predicted current fatigue severity. Higher levels of fatigue at 1 year was predicted by baseline catastrophizing, symptom focusing, distress and sleep quality, when controlling for baseline fatigue, clinical and demographic variables. These findings suggest psychological and behavioral factors are important in the maintenance of fatigue in people with HIV and identify potential opportunities for treatment. Future interventions for fatigue in HIV should not only address anxiety, depression and distress but could be optimized by targeting psychological processes such as catastrophic thinking styles and symptom focusing.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 3","pages":"205-213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2020.1712582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37659833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1712581
Leonard H Epstein, Rocco A Paluch, Jeffrey S Stein, Teresa Quattrin, Lucy D Mastrandrea, Kyle A Bree, Yan Yan Sze, Mark H Greenawald, Mathew J Biondolillo, Warren K Bickel
The majority of people with prediabetes transition to type 2 diabetes. Research has suggested that persons with type 2 diabetes are likely to discount the future and focus on immediate rewards. This study was designed to assess whether this process of delay discounting (DD) is associated with glycemic regulation, medication adherence and eating and exercise behaviors in adults with prediabetes. Participants included 81 adults with prediabetes who were also prescribed hypertension or dyslipidemia drugs, which is common for people with prediabetes. Participants completed adjusting amount DD $100 and $1000 tasks, as well assessments of glycemic control (Hemoglobin (Hb) A1c), medication adherence, diet quality, and objectively measured physical activity. Relationships between DD and these variables were assessed. Results showed higher rates of DD were related to higher HbA1c; as well as poorer medication adherence, lower diet quality and lower physical activity. Hierarchical regression showed that the association between minority status, a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes, was moderated by DD, as minorities with higher DD had greater HbA1c values. Delay discounting may represent a novel target to prevent progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Delay Discounting, Glycemic Regulation and Health Behaviors in Adults with Prediabetes.","authors":"Leonard H Epstein, Rocco A Paluch, Jeffrey S Stein, Teresa Quattrin, Lucy D Mastrandrea, Kyle A Bree, Yan Yan Sze, Mark H Greenawald, Mathew J Biondolillo, Warren K Bickel","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1712581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1712581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of people with prediabetes transition to type 2 diabetes. Research has suggested that persons with type 2 diabetes are likely to discount the future and focus on immediate rewards. This study was designed to assess whether this process of delay discounting (DD) is associated with glycemic regulation, medication adherence and eating and exercise behaviors in adults with prediabetes. Participants included 81 adults with prediabetes who were also prescribed hypertension or dyslipidemia drugs, which is common for people with prediabetes. Participants completed adjusting amount DD $100 and $1000 tasks, as well assessments of glycemic control (Hemoglobin (Hb) A1c), medication adherence, diet quality, and objectively measured physical activity. Relationships between DD and these variables were assessed. Results showed higher rates of DD were related to higher HbA1c; as well as poorer medication adherence, lower diet quality and lower physical activity. Hierarchical regression showed that the association between minority status, a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes, was moderated by DD, as minorities with higher DD had greater HbA1c values. Delay discounting may represent a novel target to prevent progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 3","pages":"194-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2020.1712581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37822466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1748862
Kelly A Romano, Amy Stamates, Kristin E Heron, Abby L Braitman, Cathy Lau-Barraco
The present study aimed to determine how young adults' use of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) and alcohol uniquely cluster with one another, how these clusters differ by sex and race, and map onto health-related correlates. As a part of a cross-sectional study assessing college student health and experiences, female (n = 1,026), male (n = 336), White (n = 640), and Black (n = 561) young adult college students at three universities (Mage = 20.54, SD = 1.80) completed measures assessing DEBs and alcohol use, and physical and mental health. Multigroup mixture modeling was used to identify subgroups of female, male, White, and Black young adults that are characterized by different levels of DEBs (fasting, food avoidance, loss of control eating, overeating) and alcohol use (binge drinking, drinking quantity). Whether group membership relates to theoretically and clinically relevant health correlates (stress, depressive symptoms, sleep health) was examined via auxiliary analyses. Qualitative and quantitative differences were identified in the best-fitting mixture models for female (four groups), male (four groups), White (five groups), and Black (three groups) participants that suggest sex and racial variations exist in patterns of DEBs and alcohol use severity. Generally, classification in groups characterized by moderate to high probabilities of DEBs only, or the combination of moderate to high DEBs and alcohol use, was associated with worse affective concerns across sexes and races. Targeting young adults' DEBs and alcohol use via diversity-informed treatments focused on coping skill development may help promote health and well-being.
{"title":"Sex and Racial Differences in Patterns of Disordered Eating and Alcohol Use.","authors":"Kelly A Romano, Amy Stamates, Kristin E Heron, Abby L Braitman, Cathy Lau-Barraco","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1748862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1748862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to determine how young adults' use of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) and alcohol uniquely cluster with one another, how these clusters differ by sex and race, and map onto health-related correlates. As a part of a cross-sectional study assessing college student health and experiences, female (<i>n</i> = 1,026), male (<i>n</i> = 336), White (<i>n</i> = 640), and Black (<i>n</i> = 561) young adult college students at three universities (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 20.54, <i>SD</i> = 1.80) completed measures assessing DEBs and alcohol use, and physical and mental health. Multigroup mixture modeling was used to identify subgroups of female, male, White, and Black young adults that are characterized by different levels of DEBs (fasting, food avoidance, loss of control eating, overeating) and alcohol use (binge drinking, drinking quantity). Whether group membership relates to theoretically and clinically relevant health correlates (stress, depressive symptoms, sleep health) was examined via auxiliary analyses. Qualitative and quantitative differences were identified in the best-fitting mixture models for female (four groups), male (four groups), White (five groups), and Black (three groups) participants that suggest sex and racial variations exist in patterns of DEBs and alcohol use severity. Generally, classification in groups characterized by moderate to high probabilities of DEBs only, or the combination of moderate to high DEBs and alcohol use, was associated with worse affective concerns across sexes and races. Targeting young adults' DEBs and alcohol use via diversity-informed treatments focused on coping skill development may help promote health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 4","pages":"272-284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2020.1748862","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37820516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-09-10DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1813682
María Dolores López-Bravo, María Dolores Zamarrón-Cassinello, Roy La Touche, Rosa Muñoz-Plata, Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Mónica Ramos-Toro
Several studies have shown an association between psychosocial variables and functional capacity in chronic pain processes such as osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to test a structural equations model that shows the predictive weight of certain variables such as catastrophizing, self-efficacy and kinesiophobia on functional pain and WOMAC subscales scores of pain and physical function of older patients diagnosed with hip and knee osteoarthritis. We also assessed the specific weight of age in terms of the factors. The study was conducted on a sample of 170 patients (142 women and 28 men mean age, 74.44 years range, 50-96 years). The main variables evaluated were WOMAC subscales scores of pain and physical function, self-efficacy, catastrophizing and kinesiophobia. To assess these variables, we used the Spanish validated version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities questionnaire, the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, respectively. We tested a structural equations model (IBM SPSS Amos version 22). The results showed the predominant predictive weight (both direct and indirect) of catastrophizing while simultaneously ruling out the relevance of age as a predictor of WOMAC subscales scores of pain and physical function. This study provides data of interest on the explanatory mechanisms that underlie the direct and inverse relationships between the studied psychological variables.
一些研究表明,在骨关节炎等慢性疼痛过程中,社会心理变量与功能能力之间存在关联。本研究的目的是检验一个结构方程模型,该模型显示了某些变量(如灾难化、自我效能和运动恐惧症)对功能性疼痛的预测权重,以及诊断为髋关节和膝关节骨关节炎的老年患者的疼痛和身体功能的WOMAC亚量表评分。我们还根据这些因素评估了年龄的比重。该研究的样本为170例患者(142例女性,28例男性,平均年龄74.44岁,范围50-96岁)。评估的主要变量为疼痛和身体功能、自我效能、灾难化和运动恐惧症的WOMAC分量表得分。为了评估这些变量,我们分别使用了西安大略大学和麦克马斯特大学的西班牙语验证版问卷、慢性疼痛自我效能量表、疼痛灾难化量表和坦帕运动恐惧症量表。我们测试了一个结构方程模型(IBM SPSS Amos version 22)。结果显示了灾难化的主要预测权重(直接和间接),同时排除了年龄作为WOMAC亚量表疼痛和身体功能评分预测因子的相关性。本研究提供了有关心理变量之间直接和反向关系的解释机制的数据。
{"title":"Psychological Factors Associated with Functional Disability in Patients with Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis.","authors":"María Dolores López-Bravo, María Dolores Zamarrón-Cassinello, Roy La Touche, Rosa Muñoz-Plata, Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Mónica Ramos-Toro","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1813682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1813682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have shown an association between psychosocial variables and functional capacity in chronic pain processes such as osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to test a structural equations model that shows the predictive weight of certain variables such as catastrophizing, self-efficacy and kinesiophobia on functional pain and WOMAC subscales scores of pain and physical function of older patients diagnosed with hip and knee osteoarthritis. We also assessed the specific weight of age in terms of the factors. The study was conducted on a sample of 170 patients (142 women and 28 men mean age, 74.44 years range, 50-96 years). The main variables evaluated were WOMAC subscales scores of pain and physical function, self-efficacy, catastrophizing and kinesiophobia. To assess these variables, we used the Spanish validated version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities questionnaire, the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, respectively. We tested a structural equations model (IBM SPSS Amos version 22). The results showed the predominant predictive weight (both direct and indirect) of catastrophizing while simultaneously ruling out the relevance of age as a predictor of WOMAC subscales scores of pain and physical function. This study provides data of interest on the explanatory mechanisms that underlie the direct and inverse relationships between the studied psychological variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 4","pages":"285-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2020.1813682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38366055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1738319
N Carro, P D'Adamo, M Lozada
Stress coping is highly relevant during childhood. This study analyses how the participation in a behavioral intervention involving mindfulness-based practices and empathic collaboration activities impact on diurnal cortisol rhythm and social integration in children. In both experimental and waitlist groups, we evaluated before and after the intervention: daily stress, by sampling salivary cortisol at three measurement time-points, and social integration, assessed by a social preference index. Daily average cortisol (DAC) and the area under the curve (AUC) differed when comparing pre-post intervention values in both groups: in the experimental group these measures decreased while in the waitlist group DAC and AUC increased. At the end of the intervention, the experimental group showed an enhancement in the social preference index whereas this parameter diminished in the waitlist group. This kind of behavioral intervention seems to be effective at reducing daily stress and improving social integration in Primary School children.
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Pub Date : 2021-07-01Epub Date: 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1740969
Giannis Arnaoutis, Konstantinos D Tambalis, Michael Georgoulis, Glykeria Psarra, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Labros S Sidossis
Few studies have examined variations in obesity by geographic location in youth and its relation with fitness levels. The present study investigated the association between geographic status (islands versus mainland), excess of body weight and fitness levels among 335.810 schoolchildren (male: 51.3%, 6-18 y, during the school year 2014-2015). Students' anthropometric parameters and fitness levels - accessed via the Euro-fit test - were measured by trained physical education teachers and evaluated according to published norms. Prevalence of overweight (23.0 Vs 21.8%) and obese (10.1 Vs 8.0%) was significantly higher for students living in the islands contrary to their mainland counterparts. A significant difference was also observed for centrally obese children (33.5 Vs 28.2%). Except for speed test .408), in all other four fitness tests, the students from the islands presented significantly lower performance (≤25th percentile of published age- and sex-specific normative values) versus their mainland counterparts. Boys and girls living in the islands had 48% and 37% increased odds of low physical fitness (as a total), respectively, compared to their mainland counterparts. Likewise, children living in islands presented increased odds of being overweight or obese by 19% and 15% in boys and girls, respectively, as compared to those living in the mainland. Increased general and abdominal adiposity have a direct negative impact on students' performance in Physical Fitness tests. Our data highlight the problem of excessive body weight that children living in rural areas, face.
很少有研究考察了青年时期不同地理位置的肥胖差异及其与健康水平的关系。本研究调查了2014-2015学年335.810名学童(6-18岁,男性:51.3%)的地理位置(岛屿与大陆)、体重超标和健康水平之间的关系。学生的人体测量参数和健康水平——通过欧洲体能测试获得——由训练有素的体育教师测量,并根据公布的规范进行评估。与大陆学生相比,生活在岛屿的学生超重(23.0% Vs 21.8%)和肥胖(10.1 Vs 8.0%)的患病率明显更高。中枢性肥胖儿童也观察到显著差异(33.5% Vs 28.2%)。除了速度测试(0.408)外,在其他四项体能测试中,岛内学生的体能表现明显低于大陆学生(年龄和性别标准值≤25百分位数)。与大陆男孩和女孩相比,生活在岛上的男孩和女孩身体健康状况不佳的几率(总体上)分别增加了48%和37%。同样,与生活在大陆的儿童相比,生活在岛屿的男孩和女孩超重或肥胖的几率分别增加了19%和15%。一般肥胖和腹部肥胖的增加对学生在体能测试中的表现有直接的负面影响。我们的数据突出了农村儿童面临的超重问题。
{"title":"Students Living in the Islands are Heavier and have Lower Fitness Levels Compared to their Mainland Counterparts; Results from the National Action for Children's Health (EYZHN) Program.","authors":"Giannis Arnaoutis, Konstantinos D Tambalis, Michael Georgoulis, Glykeria Psarra, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Labros S Sidossis","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2020.1740969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2020.1740969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few studies have examined variations in obesity by geographic location in youth and its relation with fitness levels. The present study investigated the association between geographic status (islands versus mainland), excess of body weight and fitness levels among 335.810 schoolchildren (male: 51.3%, 6-18 y, during the school year 2014-2015). Students' anthropometric parameters and fitness levels - accessed via the Euro-fit test - were measured by trained physical education teachers and evaluated according to published norms. Prevalence of overweight (23.0 Vs 21.8%) and obese (10.1 Vs 8.0%) was significantly higher for students living in the islands contrary to their mainland counterparts. A significant difference was also observed for centrally obese children (33.5 Vs 28.2%). Except for speed test .408), in all other four fitness tests, the students from the islands presented significantly lower performance (≤25<sup>th</sup> percentile of published age- and sex-specific normative values) versus their mainland counterparts. Boys and girls living in the islands had 48% and 37% increased odds of low physical fitness (as a total), respectively, compared to their mainland counterparts. Likewise, children living in islands presented increased odds of being overweight or obese by 19% and 15% in boys and girls, respectively, as compared to those living in the mainland. Increased general and abdominal adiposity have a direct negative impact on students' performance in Physical Fitness tests. Our data highlight the problem of excessive body weight that children living in rural areas, face.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":"47 3","pages":"236-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08964289.2020.1740969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37820591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}