Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2022-10-24DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2131707
Riley M O'Neill, Jenny M Cundiff, Chris J Wendel, Adam T Schmidt, Matthew R Cribbet
The current study integrates previous research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and long-term health outcomes to examine associations between ACEs, sleep duration, and depression in a diverse, mostly healthy, sample of young adults. We examine whether sleep duration mediates the association between ACEs and depression among young adults, and whether ethnicity may moderate observed relationships between ACEs, sleep duration and depression. Data were collected from 518 young adults (66.8% female, Mage=19.79 years, SDage=3.43 years) enrolled in undergraduate Psychology courses at a large Southwestern university. Participants primarily reported their racial/ethnic background as Non-Hispanic White (60.6%) and Hispanic/Latino (25.1%). Participants self-reported their ACEs exposure, sleep characteristics, and depressive symptoms. In addition to calculating overall exposure to ACEs, scores for the specific dimensions of adversity were also calculated (Abuse, Neglect, Exposure to Violence). Results supported a mediation model whereby higher reports of ACEs were associated with depressive symptoms both directly and through sleep duration. Results were not moderated by ethnicity. Findings provide support for sleep duration as one potential pathway through which ACEs may be associated with depressive symptoms in young adulthood, and suggest that this pathway is similar in Hispanic and non-Hispanic young adults.
{"title":"An Examination of Sleep as a Mediator of the Relationship between Childhood Adversity and Depression in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Young Adults.","authors":"Riley M O'Neill, Jenny M Cundiff, Chris J Wendel, Adam T Schmidt, Matthew R Cribbet","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2131707","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2131707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study integrates previous research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and long-term health outcomes to examine associations between ACEs, sleep duration, and depression in a diverse, mostly healthy, sample of young adults. We examine whether sleep duration mediates the association between ACEs and depression among young adults, and whether ethnicity may moderate observed relationships between ACEs, sleep duration and depression. Data were collected from 518 young adults (66.8% female, <i>M</i><sub>age</sub>=19.79 years, <i>SD</i><sub>age</sub>=3.43 years) enrolled in undergraduate Psychology courses at a large Southwestern university. Participants primarily reported their racial/ethnic background as Non-Hispanic White (60.6%) and Hispanic/Latino (25.1%). Participants self-reported their ACEs exposure, sleep characteristics, and depressive symptoms. In addition to calculating overall exposure to ACEs, scores for the specific dimensions of adversity were also calculated (Abuse, Neglect, Exposure to Violence). Results supported a mediation model whereby higher reports of ACEs were associated with depressive symptoms both directly and through sleep duration. Results were not moderated by ethnicity. Findings provide support for sleep duration as one potential pathway through which ACEs may be associated with depressive symptoms in young adulthood, and suggest that this pathway is similar in Hispanic and non-Hispanic young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2023.2174065
James J Annesi
It was proposed that emotional eating is a critical factor to address early in a behavioral obesity treatment for women to improve their long-term weight-loss, which has been problematic. Poor body image/body satisfaction is a likely predictor of emotional eating. Possible social cognitive theory-based mediators of the body satisfaction-emotional eating relationship having treatment implications include disturbed mood and self-efficacy for controlled eating. Women with obesity volunteered for a community-based weight loss program. After confirming salience of disturbed mood and self-efficacy for controlling one's eating as mediators of the body satisfaction-emotional eating relationship at baseline, a 3-month protocol emphasizing exercise and targeting those mediators through a focus on self-regulation was developed and administered to the treatment group (n = 86). The control group (n = 51) received matched time in typical, educationally based weight-loss processes. Improvements in body satisfaction, emotional eating, disturbed mood, and self-efficacy for controlled eating from baseline-month 3 were each significantly greater in the treatment group. Further analysis of the treatment group found that changes in disturbed mood and self-efficacy completely mediated the body satisfaction change-emotional eating change relationship and neither age nor race (White/Black) were significant moderators. Improvement in emotional eating from baseline-month 3 significantly predicted lost weight over both 3 months and with changes incorporating a 6-month follow up. Findings confirmed the importance of addressing the relationship between body satisfaction and emotional eating over the critical initial months of a behavioral obesity treatment for women through targeting improvements in mood and controlled eating-related self-efficacy.
{"title":"Early Effects of Body Satisfaction on Emotional Eating: Tailored Treatment Impacts via Psychosocial Mediators in Women with Obesity.","authors":"James J Annesi","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2174065","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2174065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It was proposed that emotional eating is a critical factor to address early in a behavioral obesity treatment for women to improve their long-term weight-loss, which has been problematic. Poor body image/body satisfaction is a likely predictor of emotional eating. Possible social cognitive theory-based mediators of the body satisfaction-emotional eating relationship having treatment implications include disturbed mood and self-efficacy for controlled eating. Women with obesity volunteered for a community-based weight loss program. After confirming salience of disturbed mood and self-efficacy for controlling one's eating as mediators of the body satisfaction-emotional eating relationship at baseline, a 3-month protocol emphasizing exercise and targeting those mediators through a focus on self-regulation was developed and administered to the treatment group (<i>n</i> = 86). The control group (<i>n</i> = 51) received matched time in typical, educationally based weight-loss processes. Improvements in body satisfaction, emotional eating, disturbed mood, and self-efficacy for controlled eating from baseline-month 3 were each significantly greater in the treatment group. Further analysis of the treatment group found that changes in disturbed mood and self-efficacy completely mediated the body satisfaction change-emotional eating change relationship and neither age nor race (White/Black) were significant moderators. Improvement in emotional eating from baseline-month 3 significantly predicted lost weight over both 3 months and with changes incorporating a 6-month follow up. Findings confirmed the importance of addressing the relationship between body satisfaction and emotional eating over the critical initial months of a behavioral obesity treatment for women through targeting improvements in mood and controlled eating-related self-efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9263492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2023.2178374
Jessica Cheng, Tina Costacou, Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Susan M Sereika, Molly B Conroy, Andrea M Kriska, Jacob K Kariuki, Mary Lou Klem, Bambang Parmanto, Lora E Burke
The diet quality of US adults is poor and cross-sectional analyses suggest self-perception of healthful dietary intake may be overestimated. This analysis assessed the concordance between calculated and perceived diet quality and changes in diet quality among adults seeking weight loss and enrolled in a 12-month randomized behavioral trial. Healthy Eating Index-2015 diet quality (HEI) was calculated from self-administered 24-hour recalls. Perceived diet quality (PDQ) was measured on a 100-point scale. Higher scores indicate better diet quality. Concordance was assessed using the concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots. The one hundred and five participants with complete dietary data were mostly female and white. There was good agreement between HEI and PDQ scores at 12 months for less than a third of participants. Most of the disagreement arose from PDQ scores being higher than HEI scores. Even fewer participants had good agreement between HEI changes and PDQ changes. Participants perceived greater improvement in diet quality than indicated by HEI score changes. Concordance was low at 12 months and for change in diet quality. Despite the diet quality of adults seeking weight loss being suboptimal and not improving, many perceived their diet quality and diet quality improvements as better than calculated. Future studies might explore the effect of misperceptions on weight loss outcomes.
美国成年人的饮食质量很差,横断面分析表明,健康饮食摄入量的自我感知可能被高估。本分析评估了计算得出的饮食质量与感知的饮食质量之间的一致性,以及寻求减肥并参加为期 12 个月随机行为试验的成年人的饮食质量变化。健康饮食指数-2015 饮食质量(HEI)是通过自我管理的 24 小时回忆计算得出的。感知饮食质量(PDQ)按 100 分制测量。得分越高表示饮食质量越好。采用一致性相关系数和布兰-阿尔特曼图评估一致性。有完整饮食数据的 105 名参与者大多为女性和白人。在不到三分之一的参与者中,12 个月时 HEI 和 PDQ 分数的一致性很好。大部分不一致的原因是 PDQ 分数高于 HEI 分数。在 HEI 变化和 PDQ 变化之间达成良好一致的参与者更少。参与者认为饮食质量的改善大于 HEI 分数的变化。在 12 个月时,饮食质量变化的一致性较低。尽管寻求减肥的成年人的饮食质量并不理想,也没有得到改善,但许多人认为他们的饮食质量和饮食质量改善情况比计算的要好。未来的研究可能会探讨错误认知对减肥结果的影响。
{"title":"Perceived and calculated diet quality improvements in a randomized mHealth weight loss trial.","authors":"Jessica Cheng, Tina Costacou, Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Susan M Sereika, Molly B Conroy, Andrea M Kriska, Jacob K Kariuki, Mary Lou Klem, Bambang Parmanto, Lora E Burke","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2178374","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2178374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diet quality of US adults is poor and cross-sectional analyses suggest self-perception of healthful dietary intake may be overestimated. This analysis assessed the concordance between calculated and perceived diet quality and changes in diet quality among adults seeking weight loss and enrolled in a 12-month randomized behavioral trial. Healthy Eating Index-2015 diet quality (HEI) was calculated from self-administered 24-hour recalls. Perceived diet quality (PDQ) was measured on a 100-point scale. Higher scores indicate better diet quality. Concordance was assessed using the concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots. The one hundred and five participants with complete dietary data were mostly female and white. There was good agreement between HEI and PDQ scores at 12 months for less than a third of participants. Most of the disagreement arose from PDQ scores being higher than HEI scores. Even fewer participants had good agreement between HEI changes and PDQ changes. Participants perceived greater improvement in diet quality than indicated by HEI score changes. Concordance was low at 12 months and for change in diet quality. Despite the diet quality of adults seeking weight loss being suboptimal and not improving, many perceived their diet quality and diet quality improvements as better than calculated. Future studies might explore the effect of misperceptions on weight loss outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10000347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-02-19DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2159311
Imogen Sands, Federica Picariello, Hannah Maple, Joseph Chilcot
Debilitating fatigue is common in people living with kidney disease and often persists after a kidney transplant. Current understanding of fatigue is centered around pathophysiological processes. Little is known about the role of cognitive and behavioral factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of these factors to fatigue among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). A cross-sectional study of 174 adult KTRs who completed online measures of fatigue, distress, illness perceptions, and cognitive and behavioral responses to fatigue. Sociodemographic and illness-related information was also collected. 63.2% of KTRs experienced clinically significant fatigue. Sociodemographic and clinical factors explained 16.1% and 31.2% of the variance in the fatigue severity and fatigue impairment, respectively, increasing by 28% and 26.8% after adding distress. In adjusted models, all the cognitive and behavioral factors except for illness perceptions were positively associated with increased fatigue-related impairment, but not severity. Embarrassment avoidance emerged as a key cognition. In conclusion, fatigue is common following kidney transplantation and associated with distress and cognitive and behavioral responses to symptoms, particularly embarrassment avoidance. Given the commonality and impact of fatigue in KTRs, treatment is a clinical need. Psychological interventions targeting distress and specific beliefs and behaviors related to fatigue may be beneficial.
{"title":"Psychosocial and Clinical Associations of Fatigue Severity and Fatigue-Related Impairment in Kidney Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Imogen Sands, Federica Picariello, Hannah Maple, Joseph Chilcot","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2159311","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2159311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Debilitating fatigue is common in people living with kidney disease and often persists after a kidney transplant. Current understanding of fatigue is centered around pathophysiological processes. Little is known about the role of cognitive and behavioral factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of these factors to fatigue among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). A cross-sectional study of 174 adult KTRs who completed online measures of fatigue, distress, illness perceptions, and cognitive and behavioral responses to fatigue. Sociodemographic and illness-related information was also collected. 63.2% of KTRs experienced clinically significant fatigue. Sociodemographic and clinical factors explained 16.1% and 31.2% of the variance in the fatigue severity and fatigue impairment, respectively, increasing by 28% and 26.8% after adding distress. In adjusted models, all the cognitive and behavioral factors except for illness perceptions were positively associated with increased fatigue-related impairment, but not severity. Embarrassment avoidance emerged as a key cognition. In conclusion, fatigue is common following kidney transplantation and associated with distress and cognitive and behavioral responses to symptoms, particularly embarrassment avoidance. Given the commonality and impact of fatigue in KTRs, treatment is a clinical need. Psychological interventions targeting distress and specific beliefs and behaviors related to fatigue may be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10753014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2153787
Karen I Fredriksen-Goldsen, Meghan Romanelli, Hailey H Jung, Hyun-Jun Kim
We investigated health, economic, and social disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and sexually diverse adults, 18 years and older. Analyzing 2011-2019 Washington State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 109,527), we estimated and compared the prevalence rates of background characteristics, economic and social indicators, health outcomes, chronic conditions, health care access, health behaviors, and preventive care by gender and sexual identity. Sexual minority adults reported heightened risks of poor general health, physical and mental health, disability, subjective cognitive decline, and financial barriers to health care, compared with their straight counterparts. Economic disparities and disability were evident for lesbians and both bisexual adult women and men. We found higher rates of smoking and excessive drinking among lesbians and bisexual women, and higher rates of smoking and living alone among gay men. Sexually diverse adults experience disparities in health care access. This study is one of the first to identify disparities among sexually diverse populations, in addition to lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults. More research is required to understand the mechanisms of disparities within these groups to address their distinct intervention needs.
{"title":"Health, Economic, and Social Disparities among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Sexually Diverse Adults: Results from a Population-Based Study.","authors":"Karen I Fredriksen-Goldsen, Meghan Romanelli, Hailey H Jung, Hyun-Jun Kim","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2153787","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2153787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated health, economic, and social disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and sexually diverse adults, 18 years and older. Analyzing 2011-2019 Washington State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (<i>N</i> = 109,527), we estimated and compared the prevalence rates of background characteristics, economic and social indicators, health outcomes, chronic conditions, health care access, health behaviors, and preventive care by gender and sexual identity. Sexual minority adults reported heightened risks of poor general health, physical and mental health, disability, subjective cognitive decline, and financial barriers to health care, compared with their straight counterparts. Economic disparities and disability were evident for lesbians and both bisexual adult women and men. We found higher rates of smoking and excessive drinking among lesbians and bisexual women, and higher rates of smoking and living alone among gay men. Sexually diverse adults experience disparities in health care access. This study is one of the first to identify disparities among sexually diverse populations, in addition to lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults. More research is required to understand the mechanisms of disparities within these groups to address their distinct intervention needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10394107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9912992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2022-09-08DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2119361
Itay Nitzan, Inbal Akavian, Ofek Adar, Mor Rittblat, Gaia Tomer, Or Shmueli, Limor Friedensohn, Tomer Talmy
Data regarding the contribution of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts to real-world uptake of influenza vaccination remains unclear. This cross-sectional survey-based study among Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and specifically, previous COVID-19 vaccines uptake, on the intention to vaccinate for influenza during 2021-2022 season. Participants engaged in an online survey addressing vaccination history and current vaccine-related preferences. The survey was delivered prior to the initiation of the IDF's annual influenza immunization campaign. A multinomial logistic regression model was applied to analyze factors correlated with unwillingness to receive influenza vaccine. Overall, 825 invitations to participate in the survey were distributed and the overall response rate was 78.5%. Among the 648 participants who replied (61.6% males, median age of 20 years), 51.9% were willing to receive the upcoming influenza vaccine. Factors associated with vaccine reluctance included being female, not receiving the previous season's influenza vaccine, not having a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, and having decreased uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Among participants not intending to receive an influenza vaccine, 50.3% stated that they are healthy and have no need for the vaccine and 36.2% stated they received too many vaccines over the previous year. The results of this study may suggest that influenza vaccination rates in the post-COVID-19 vaccine era may be reduced due to a perceived "vaccine saturation" phenomenon, owing to the density of COVID-19 vaccine administration. Future interventions such as campaigns related to maximizing influenza vaccination coverage should address repeated doses of COVID-19 vaccine administration.
{"title":"Acceptance of Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Survey among Israel Defense Forces Soldiers.","authors":"Itay Nitzan, Inbal Akavian, Ofek Adar, Mor Rittblat, Gaia Tomer, Or Shmueli, Limor Friedensohn, Tomer Talmy","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2119361","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2119361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data regarding the contribution of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts to real-world uptake of influenza vaccination remains unclear. This cross-sectional survey-based study among Israel Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and specifically, previous COVID-19 vaccines uptake, on the intention to vaccinate for influenza during 2021-2022 season. Participants engaged in an online survey addressing vaccination history and current vaccine-related preferences. The survey was delivered prior to the initiation of the IDF's annual influenza immunization campaign. A multinomial logistic regression model was applied to analyze factors correlated with unwillingness to receive influenza vaccine. Overall, 825 invitations to participate in the survey were distributed and the overall response rate was 78.5%. Among the 648 participants who replied (61.6% males, median age of 20 years), 51.9% were willing to receive the upcoming influenza vaccine. Factors associated with vaccine reluctance included being female, not receiving the previous season's influenza vaccine, not having a previous diagnosis of COVID-19, and having decreased uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Among participants not intending to receive an influenza vaccine, 50.3% stated that they are healthy and have no need for the vaccine and 36.2% stated they received too many vaccines over the previous year. The results of this study may suggest that influenza vaccination rates in the post-COVID-19 vaccine era may be reduced due to a perceived \"vaccine saturation\" phenomenon, owing to the density of COVID-19 vaccine administration. Future interventions such as campaigns related to maximizing influenza vaccination coverage should address repeated doses of COVID-19 vaccine administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33449439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2024.2324793
Joye C Anestis, Perry N Halkitis, Alana Cordeiro, Melissa J Lanman, Marian R Passannante
Law enforcement personnel are often first to respond to calls involving behavioral health emergencies. However, encounters with law enforcement are more dangerous and lethal for people with behavioral health conditions. Co-responding models, wherein law enforcement and behavioral health professionals respond to calls together, are among the top programs developed to improve responding to behavioral health crises. The current study describes a qualitative process evaluation of a co-responding pilot program in New Jersey: "Alternative Responses to Reduce Instances of Violence & Escalation" (ARRIVE Together). The evaluation centered on the experience of the co-responding team as to their perceptions of specific deployments and of the program implementation overall. Semi-structured interviews were conducted following 10 consecutive encounters (three interviews per encounter; February-March 2022). Transcripts were transcribed and thematically analyzed by two trained researchers independently. Once thematically analyzed, researchers determined a consensus and developed a SWOT analysis report. Thematic analysis produced six major themes: communication, staffing, training, resources, community outreach, and deployments with minors. Overall, participants were enthusiastic about the program, but they shared numerous observations about ways in which the program could be improved. Sample size, the brief follow-up window, and lack of generalizability to other contexts were among the most limiting factors. Further research should include an effectiveness evaluation and extend to urban and suburban communities and communities of color. Future research should also explore after-response affects including accessibility to follow-up care. The current study gives insight into piloting a co-responding model for approaching behavioral health crisis calls.
{"title":"ARRIVE Together: A Qualitative Process Evaluation of the New Jersey State Police Co-responding Pilot Program.","authors":"Joye C Anestis, Perry N Halkitis, Alana Cordeiro, Melissa J Lanman, Marian R Passannante","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2324793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2024.2324793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Law enforcement personnel are often first to respond to calls involving behavioral health emergencies. However, encounters with law enforcement are more dangerous and lethal for people with behavioral health conditions. Co-responding models, wherein law enforcement and behavioral health professionals respond to calls together, are among the top programs developed to improve responding to behavioral health crises. The current study describes a qualitative process evaluation of a co-responding pilot program in New Jersey: \"Alternative Responses to Reduce Instances of Violence & Escalation\" (ARRIVE Together). The evaluation centered on the experience of the co-responding team as to their perceptions of specific deployments and of the program implementation overall. Semi-structured interviews were conducted following 10 consecutive encounters (three interviews per encounter; February-March 2022). Transcripts were transcribed and thematically analyzed by two trained researchers independently. Once thematically analyzed, researchers determined a consensus and developed a SWOT analysis report. Thematic analysis produced six major themes: communication, staffing, training, resources, community outreach, and deployments with minors. Overall, participants were enthusiastic about the program, but they shared numerous observations about ways in which the program could be improved. Sample size, the brief follow-up window, and lack of generalizability to other contexts were among the most limiting factors. Further research should include an effectiveness evaluation and extend to urban and suburban communities and communities of color. Future research should also explore after-response affects including accessibility to follow-up care. The current study gives insight into piloting a co-responding model for approaching behavioral health crisis calls.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2023.2299335
Marija Milic, Tatjana Gazibara, Bojan Joksimovic, Jasmina Stevanovic, Dragoslav Lazic, Zorica Stanojevic Ristic, Jelena Subaric Filimonovic, Nikoleta Radenkovic, Momcilo Mirkovic, Vojkan Nestorovic, Sinisa Ristic, Dejan Bokonjic, Milica Cakic, Jelena Dotlic
Women were more affected than men during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate COVID-19-related stress response in adult women and its association with the relevant socioeconomic, lifestyle and COVID-19-related factors. This research was carried out in eight randomly chosen cities from September 2020 to October 2021. To examine stress, we distributed the COVID Stress Scales (CSS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Women also fulfilled a general socio-epidemiologic questionnaire. The study included 1,264 women. Most women were healthy, highly educated, employed, married, nonsmokers who consumed alcohol. The average total CSS score suggested a relatively low COVID-19 related stress), while 1.7% of women had CSS ≥ 100. The mean PSS was around the mid-point value of the scale. Older women, who were not in a relationship, didn't smoke, didn't drink alcohol, but used immune boosters, had chronic illnesses and reported losing money during the pandemic had higher CSS scores. A higher level of stress was also experienced by women exposed to the intense reporting about COVID-19, had contact with COVID-19 positive people or took care of COVID-19 positive family members. In this sample of predominantly highly educated women few women experienced very high stress level, probably due to the study timing (after the initial wave) when the pandemic saw attenuated stress levels. To relieve women from stress, structural organization and planning in terms of health care delivery, offsetting economic losses, controlled information dissemination and psychological support for women are needed.
{"title":"COVID-19-related stress response among adult females: Relevance of sociodemographics, health-related behaviors and COVID-19 contact.","authors":"Marija Milic, Tatjana Gazibara, Bojan Joksimovic, Jasmina Stevanovic, Dragoslav Lazic, Zorica Stanojevic Ristic, Jelena Subaric Filimonovic, Nikoleta Radenkovic, Momcilo Mirkovic, Vojkan Nestorovic, Sinisa Ristic, Dejan Bokonjic, Milica Cakic, Jelena Dotlic","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2299335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2023.2299335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Women were more affected than men during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate COVID-19-related stress response in adult women and its association with the relevant socioeconomic, lifestyle and COVID-19-related factors. This research was carried out in eight randomly chosen cities from September 2020 to October 2021. To examine stress, we distributed the COVID Stress Scales (CSS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Women also fulfilled a general socio-epidemiologic questionnaire. The study included 1,264 women. Most women were healthy, highly educated, employed, married, nonsmokers who consumed alcohol. The average total CSS score suggested a relatively low COVID-19 related stress), while 1.7% of women had CSS ≥ 100. The mean PSS was around the mid-point value of the scale. Older women, who were not in a relationship, didn't smoke, didn't drink alcohol, but used immune boosters, had chronic illnesses and reported losing money during the pandemic had higher CSS scores. A higher level of stress was also experienced by women exposed to the intense reporting about COVID-19, had contact with COVID-19 positive people or took care of COVID-19 positive family members. In this sample of predominantly highly educated women few women experienced very high stress level, probably due to the study timing (after the initial wave) when the pandemic saw attenuated stress levels. To relieve women from stress, structural organization and planning in terms of health care delivery, offsetting economic losses, controlled information dissemination and psychological support for women are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2023.2298766
Shahmir H Ali, Julia Cai, Fatema Kamal, Sian Auer, Katherine Yang, Roshan S Parikh, Niyati Parekh, Nadia S Islam, Alexis A Merdjanoff, Ralph J DiClemente
The dietary behaviors of Asian American (AA) young adults, who face a growing non-communicable disease burden, are impacted by complex socio-ecological forces. Family plays a crucial role in the lifestyle behaviors of AA young adults; however, little is known on the methods, contributors, and impact of familial dietary influence. This study aims to deconstruct the mechanisms of AA young adult familial dietary influence through a multi-perspective qualitative assessment. A five-phase method of dyadic analysis adapted from past research was employed to extract nuanced insights from dyadic interviews with AA young adults and family members, and ground findings in behavioral theory (the Social Cognitive Theory, SCT). 37 interviews were conducted: 18 young adults, comprising 10 different AA ethnic subgroups, and 19 family members (10 parents, 9 siblings). Participants described dietary influences that were both active (facilitating, shaping, and restricting) and passive (e.g., sharing foods or environment, mirroring food behaviors). Influences connected strongly with multiple SCT constructs (e.g., behavioral capacity, reinforcements for active influences, and expectations, observational learning for passive influences). Familial influence contributed to changes in the total amount, variety, and healthfulness of foods consumed. Intra-family dynamics were crucial; family members often leveraged each other's persuasiveness or food skills to collaboratively influence diet. AA family-based interventions should consider incorporating both passive and active forms of dietary influence within a family unit, involve multiple family members, and allow for individualization to the unique dynamics and dietary behaviors within each family unit.
亚裔美国人(AA)青壮年的饮食行为受到复杂的社会生态力量的影响,他们面临着日益增长的非传染性疾病负担。家庭在亚裔美国人年轻人的生活方式行为中起着至关重要的作用;然而,人们对家庭饮食影响的方法、促成因素和影响知之甚少。本研究旨在通过多视角定性评估,解构亚裔美国人青少年受家庭饮食影响的机制。本研究采用了从以往研究中改编而来的五阶段二元分析法,从与 AA 族青壮年和家庭成员的二元访谈中提取细致入微的见解,并将研究结果建立在行为理论(社会认知理论,SCT)的基础之上。共进行了 37 次访谈:18 位年轻人(包括 10 个不同的 AA 族群)和 19 位家庭成员(10 位父母,9 位兄弟姐妹)。参与者描述的饮食影响既有主动的(促进、塑造和限制),也有被动的(如分享食物或环境、反映饮食行为)。影响因素与多个 SCT 构建密切相关(例如,主动影响因素包括行为能力、强化,被动影响因素包括期望、观察学习)。家庭影响有助于改变食物摄入的总量、种类和健康性。家庭内部的动力至关重要;家庭成员经常利用彼此的说服力或食物技能来共同影响饮食。以家庭为基础的 AA 干预措施应考虑在一个家庭单位中纳入被动和主动形式的饮食影响,让多个家庭成员参与进来,并允许根据每个家庭单位的独特动态和饮食行为进行个性化调整。
{"title":"A Multi-Stage Dyadic Qualitative Analysis to Disentangle How Dietary Behaviors of Asian American Young Adults are Influenced by Family.","authors":"Shahmir H Ali, Julia Cai, Fatema Kamal, Sian Auer, Katherine Yang, Roshan S Parikh, Niyati Parekh, Nadia S Islam, Alexis A Merdjanoff, Ralph J DiClemente","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2298766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2023.2298766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dietary behaviors of Asian American (AA) young adults, who face a growing non-communicable disease burden, are impacted by complex socio-ecological forces. Family plays a crucial role in the lifestyle behaviors of AA young adults; however, little is known on the methods, contributors, and impact of familial dietary influence. This study aims to deconstruct the mechanisms of AA young adult familial dietary influence through a multi-perspective qualitative assessment. A five-phase method of dyadic analysis adapted from past research was employed to extract nuanced insights from dyadic interviews with AA young adults and family members, and ground findings in behavioral theory (the Social Cognitive Theory, SCT). 37 interviews were conducted: 18 young adults, comprising 10 different AA ethnic subgroups, and 19 family members (10 parents, 9 siblings). Participants described dietary influences that were both active (facilitating, shaping, and restricting) and passive (e.g., sharing foods or environment, mirroring food behaviors). Influences connected strongly with multiple SCT constructs (e.g., behavioral capacity, reinforcements for active influences, and expectations, observational learning for passive influences). Familial influence contributed to changes in the total amount, variety, and healthfulness of foods consumed. Intra-family dynamics were crucial; family members often leveraged each other's persuasiveness or food skills to collaboratively influence diet. AA family-based interventions should consider incorporating both passive and active forms of dietary influence within a family unit, involve multiple family members, and allow for individualization to the unique dynamics and dietary behaviors within each family unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139405404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2022-06-07DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2085652
Tatjana Gazibara, Smiljana Cvjetkovic, Marija Milic, Jelena Dotlic, Natasa Maksimovic, Verica Jovanovic, Vida Jeremic Stojkovic
Few countries provided multiple COVID-19 vaccines for their citizens right from the start of mass immunization. In Serbia, four vaccines were available. Circumstances in which people had several options to choose from are unique. The purpose of this study was to identify motivators behind COVID-19 vaccination and the choice of COVID-19 vaccine among people who were immunized against COVID-19. Qualitative interviews with 35 vaccinated people aged > 18 years were conducted in May 2021 at the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, a reference institution for vaccination. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Four topics emerged: 1) Decision to receive COVID-19 vaccine; 2) Sources of information about the vaccine; 3) Choice of the COVID-19 vaccine and 4) Anti-vaccination sentiment around the vaccinated people. Participants were classified in two groups: those who were determined to receive the vaccine and those who were hesitant. People who were hesitant decided to receive the vaccine after reviewing the information collected from various sources, especially physicians. Although some participants accepted any vaccine regardless of their characteristics, there were others who had explicit preferences. These preferences stemmed mainly from their beliefs about particular vaccine's efficacy and safety, COVID-19 status (previous infection), living or lifestyle circumstances (residence or travel abroad), doctor's recommendation (underlying health status) or trust in expertise of that particular manufacturer's country of origin. Opting for appropriate vaccine was motivated by reasons specific to various individuals, which enabled them to make choices in line with their preferences and values.
{"title":"Preferences of COVID-19 Vaccines in the General Population in Belgrade, Serbia: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Tatjana Gazibara, Smiljana Cvjetkovic, Marija Milic, Jelena Dotlic, Natasa Maksimovic, Verica Jovanovic, Vida Jeremic Stojkovic","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2085652","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2022.2085652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few countries provided multiple COVID-19 vaccines for their citizens right from the start of mass immunization. In Serbia, four vaccines were available. Circumstances in which people had several options to choose from are unique. The purpose of this study was to identify motivators behind COVID-19 vaccination and the choice of COVID-19 vaccine among people who were immunized against COVID-19. Qualitative interviews with 35 vaccinated people aged > 18 years were conducted in May 2021 at the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, a reference institution for vaccination. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Four topics emerged: 1) Decision to receive COVID-19 vaccine; 2) Sources of information about the vaccine; 3) Choice of the COVID-19 vaccine and 4) Anti-vaccination sentiment around the vaccinated people. Participants were classified in two groups: those who were determined to receive the vaccine and those who were hesitant. People who were hesitant decided to receive the vaccine after reviewing the information collected from various sources, especially physicians. Although some participants accepted any vaccine regardless of their characteristics, there were others who had explicit preferences. These preferences stemmed mainly from their beliefs about particular vaccine's efficacy and safety, COVID-19 status (previous infection), living or lifestyle circumstances (residence or travel abroad), doctor's recommendation (underlying health status) or trust in expertise of that particular manufacturer's country of origin. Opting for appropriate vaccine was motivated by reasons specific to various individuals, which enabled them to make choices in line with their preferences and values.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48562367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}