Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.002
Youngshim Ko , Yeongmi Ha
Purpose
Although firefighters are likely to experience various types of personal growth following traumatic events, there has been a lack of reliable measurements to assess their positive changes. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a post-traumatic growth (PTG) scale considering the unique occupational characteristics of firefighters as first responders.
Methods
This is a methodological study to develop and validate the PTG of first responders scale for firefighters (PTG-FIRSF). An item pool was generated after an extensive literature review including PTG theory, and individual interviews. Content, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, convergent, and discriminant validity, criterion validity, and known-group validity were conducted for the validity test. The scale was also evaluated for its internal consistency.
Results
A four-factor structure was found with an eigenvalue >1, explaining 76.6% of the total variance. The final version of the PTG-FIRSF consisted of four factors with 21 items on a 6-point Likert scale: redefining of life's meaning (6 items), discovery of meaningful work (5 items), deepened interpersonal relationships (5 items), and growth in self-perception (5 items). The convergent validity and discriminant validity were established, and the criterion validity was confirmed by significant correlations between the PTG inventory-extended and PTG-FIRSF. Regarding known-group validity, the scores of “moderate and high level of PTG group” and “low level of PTG group” were significantly different in all domains. The reliability of the scale, measured by Cronbach α was .96.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that the PTG-FIRSF could be a valid, reliable, and user-friendly measurement to evaluate the PTG of firefighters. The PTG-FIRSF can be useful for developing various PTG programs and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.
目的：尽管消防员在创伤事件后可能会经历各种类型的个人成长，但缺乏可靠的测量方法来评估他们的积极变化。因此，本研究旨在开发并验证一种考虑消防员作为第一响应者的独特职业特征的创伤后成长量表。方法：对消防员创伤后成长量表（PTG-FIRSF）进行方法学研究。项目池是在广泛的文献回顾，包括创伤后成长理论和个人访谈后产生的。效度检验采用内容分析、探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析、收敛效度分析和区别效度分析、标准效度分析和已知组效度分析。并对量表的内部一致性进行了评价。结果：发现了一个四因子结构，特征值为bbb1，解释了总方差的76.6%。PTG-FIRSF的最终版本包括4个因素，共21个项目，采用6点李克特量表：重新定义生活的意义（6个项目），发现有意义的工作（5个项目），加深人际关系（5个项目）和自我感知的增长（5个项目）。建立了收敛效度和判别效度，并通过创伤后成长量表扩展与ptg - first - sf之间的显著相关证实了标准效度。在已知组效度方面，“中高水平PTG组”和“低水平PTG组”得分在各领域均有显著差异。量表的信度（Cronbach α）为0.96。结论：本研究证明ptg - firstf是一种有效、可靠、易用的评估消防员创伤后成长的方法。ptg - firstf可用于制定各种创伤后成长计划和评估干预措施的有效性。
{"title":"Post-traumatic Growth of First Responders Scale for Firefighters: Scale Development and Validation","authors":"Youngshim Ko , Yeongmi Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Although firefighters are likely to experience various types of personal growth following traumatic events, there has been a lack of reliable measurements to assess their positive changes. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a post-traumatic growth (PTG) scale considering the unique occupational characteristics of firefighters as first responders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a methodological study to develop and validate the PTG of first responders scale for firefighters (PTG-FIRSF). An item pool was generated after an extensive literature review including PTG theory, and individual interviews. Content, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, convergent, and discriminant validity, criterion validity, and known-group validity were conducted for the validity test. The scale was also evaluated for its internal consistency.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A four-factor structure was found with an eigenvalue >1, explaining 76.6% of the total variance. The final version of the PTG-FIRSF consisted of four factors with 21 items on a 6-point Likert scale: redefining of life's meaning (6 items), discovery of meaningful work (5 items), deepened interpersonal relationships (5 items), and growth in self-perception (5 items). The convergent validity and discriminant validity were established, and the criterion validity was confirmed by significant correlations between the PTG inventory-extended and PTG-FIRSF. Regarding known-group validity, the scores of “moderate and high level of PTG group” and “low level of PTG group” were significantly different in all domains. The reliability of the scale, measured by Cronbach α was .96.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates that the PTG-FIRSF could be a valid, reliable, and user-friendly measurement to evaluate the PTG of firefighters. The PTG-FIRSF can be useful for developing various PTG programs and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 494-501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.003
Chaehee Kim , Kihye Han , Jieun Kim , Alison M. Trinkoff , Sihyun Park , Hyejin Kim
Purpose
South Korea–despite its “drug-free” reputation—exhibits an increasing incidence of drug use, particularly among youths. In this age group, both environmental and individual factors influence illegal drug use. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of illicit drug use and examine the association between individual and environmental factors and drug use among Korean youths.
Methods
We administered a cross-sectional survey among South Koreans aged 18–24 years through an online panel; the survey assessed participants’ characteristics and drug use, as well as relevant individual and environmental factors. The synthetic minority oversampling technique addressed variable imbalance. Logistic regression models analyzed associations between factors and drug use, while Shapley values determined these factors’ relative importance.
Results
The lifetime prevalence of drug use among the participating youths was 3.9%, with prescription drugs and inhalants being the most prevalent. Negative attitudes toward drugs, a high awareness of South Korea's drug problem, and knowledge of drug use’s consequences were associated with lower drug use. High peer pressure, perceived peer drug use, and drug availability were associated with elevated drug use as were younger age, sexual minority status, living abroad, poor health, and high stress.
Conclusion
The high prevalence of prescription drug and inhalant use among South Korean youths suggests that the perception that the country is drug-free is inaccurate and emphasizes the need for targeted intervention strategies. Effective prevention measures should include community education regarding drug risks, early detection of at-risk individuals and enhanced access to tailored treatment alternatives.
{"title":"Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Illicit Drug Use Among Youth Aged 18–24 Years in South Korea","authors":"Chaehee Kim , Kihye Han , Jieun Kim , Alison M. Trinkoff , Sihyun Park , Hyejin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>South Korea–despite its “drug-free” reputation—exhibits an increasing incidence of drug use, particularly among youths. In this age group, both environmental and individual factors influence illegal drug use. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of illicit drug use and examine the association between individual and environmental factors and drug use among Korean youths.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We administered a cross-sectional survey among South Koreans aged 18–24 years through an online panel; the survey assessed participants’ characteristics and drug use, as well as relevant individual and environmental factors. The synthetic minority oversampling technique addressed variable imbalance. Logistic regression models analyzed associations between factors and drug use, while Shapley values determined these factors’ relative importance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The lifetime prevalence of drug use among the participating youths was 3.9%, with prescription drugs and inhalants being the most prevalent. Negative attitudes toward drugs, a high awareness of South Korea's drug problem, and knowledge of drug use’s consequences were associated with lower drug use. High peer pressure, perceived peer drug use, and drug availability were associated with elevated drug use as were younger age, sexual minority status, living abroad, poor health, and high stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The high prevalence of prescription drug and inhalant use among South Korean youths suggests that the perception that the country is drug-free is inaccurate and emphasizes the need for targeted intervention strategies. Effective prevention measures should include community education regarding drug risks, early detection of at-risk individuals and enhanced access to tailored treatment alternatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 433-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.006
Lijie Yang, Jianxia Zhang , Haiting Li, Jing Tian
Purpose
This study aimed to explore health literacy profiles in patients with heart failure and identify heterogeneous subgroups within the chronic heart failure population. Through investigating the health literacy of heart failure patients, we analyzed the factors influencing patients’ health literacy levels, aiming to provide evidence-based guidance for improving health literacy in this patient population.
Methods
This study used a cross-sectional design. A total of 220 patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized at a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province were recruited via convenience sampling between January and June 2024. Participants were assessed using a general characteristics questionnaire, the Chinese Version of the Heart Failure Health Literacy Scale, and the Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale. Data analysis included multinomial ordered logistic regression to identify factors influencing health literacy and latent profile analysis to explore potential classes of health literacy among the patients.
Results
The health literacy profiles were categorized into 3 potential profiles, including the low health literacy-resource-limited group (7.7%), the medium health literacy-communication barriers group (55.5%), and the high health literacy-high decision-making ability group (36.8%). The results of multicategorical ordered regression analysis showed that occupation, literacy, per capita monthly household income, type of health insurance, and self-care ability were the influential factors in potential profile categories of health literacy in heart failure patients (p < .05).
Conclusion
Chronic heart failure patients have variable health literacy, with better self-care behaviors associated with higher health literacy.
{"title":"Analysis of Potential Profiles of Health Literacy in Chronic Heart Failure Patients","authors":"Lijie Yang, Jianxia Zhang , Haiting Li, Jing Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to explore health literacy profiles in patients with heart failure and identify heterogeneous subgroups within the chronic heart failure population. Through investigating the health literacy of heart failure patients, we analyzed the factors influencing patients’ health literacy levels, aiming to provide evidence-based guidance for improving health literacy in this patient population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used a cross-sectional design. A total of 220 patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized at a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province were recruited via convenience sampling between January and June 2024. Participants were assessed using a general characteristics questionnaire, the Chinese Version of the Heart Failure Health Literacy Scale, and the Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale. Data analysis included multinomial ordered logistic regression to identify factors influencing health literacy and latent profile analysis to explore potential classes of health literacy among the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The health literacy profiles were categorized into 3 potential profiles, including the low health literacy-resource-limited group (7.7%), the medium health literacy-communication barriers group (55.5%), and the high health literacy-high decision-making ability group (36.8%). The results of multicategorical ordered regression analysis showed that occupation, literacy, per capita monthly household income, type of health insurance, and self-care ability were the influential factors in potential profile categories of health literacy in heart failure patients (<em>p</em> < .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Chronic heart failure patients have variable health literacy, with better self-care behaviors associated with higher health literacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 470-478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.006
Ayşegül Turan , Mustafa Altintaş , Furkan Turan
Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of nurses' susceptibility to emotional contagion on burnout levels and job satisfaction levels of nurses working in terminal patient care.
Methods
The relationships between the scales were examined with structural equation model analysis. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to investigate whether nurses' susceptibility to emotional contagion, job satisfaction, and burnout differed according to their socio-demographic characteristics.
Results
As a result of the analysis, it was determined that susceptibility to emotional contagion significantly (p < .001) affected job satisfaction negatively (β = -.04) and burnout positively (β = .23). There is also a significant negative relationship (β = -.38) between job satisfaction and burnout. In addition, it was found that the nurses' susceptibility to emotional contagion differed in Happiness and Sadness Factors according to years of employment (Hotelling's Trace: 3.96; F: 1.79; p < .001) and unit of employment (Hotelling's Trace: 11.79; F: 1.33; p < .001)
Conclusions
Being in a long-term relationship with terminal patients reduces nurses' job satisfaction and causes them to experience burnout. Managing nurses should consider the emotional contagion factor as well as the unit conditions when distributing tasks.
{"title":"The Impact of Emotional Contagion Susceptibility on Burnout Levels and Job Satisfaction Among Nurses Caring for Patients in the Terminal Phase","authors":"Ayşegül Turan , Mustafa Altintaş , Furkan Turan","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of nurses' susceptibility to emotional contagion on burnout levels and job satisfaction levels of nurses working in terminal patient care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The relationships between the scales were examined with structural equation model analysis. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to investigate whether nurses' susceptibility to emotional contagion, job satisfaction, and burnout differed according to their socio-demographic characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As a result of the analysis, it was determined that susceptibility to emotional contagion significantly (<em>p</em> < .001) affected job satisfaction negatively (β = -.04) and burnout positively (β = .23). There is also a significant negative relationship (β = -.38) between job satisfaction and burnout. In addition, it was found that the nurses' susceptibility to emotional contagion differed in Happiness and Sadness Factors according to years of employment (Hotelling's Trace: 3.96; F: 1.79; <em>p</em> < .001) and unit of employment (Hotelling's Trace: 11.79; F: 1.33; <em>p</em> < .001)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Being in a long-term relationship with terminal patients reduces nurses' job satisfaction and causes them to experience burnout. Managing nurses should consider the emotional contagion factor as well as the unit conditions when distributing tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 502-508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2025.11.001
Eunyoung E. Suh
{"title":"Corrigendum to “The Remarkable Journey of ANR: From Inception to Q1 Achievement” [Asian Nurs Res 19 (4) (October 2025) 323–324]","authors":"Eunyoung E. Suh","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Page 520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.005
Eun Sook Kim , Mi-Kyeong Jeon , Su Jung Choi , Onam Ok , Genehee Lee , Ahyeong Song
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Novice Nursing Practitioner Role Transition (K-NNPRT) scale.
Methods
This scale was developed through forward translation, expert panel endorsement, and back translation and was revised based on cognitive interviews. Data for the psychometric test were collected from 248 nurses who provide advanced care in Korea. The construct validity was tested based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency reliability, and criterion-related validity.
Results
The final version of the scale consisted of 33 items across four domains identified through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, with convergent and discriminant validity deemed acceptable. Criterion-related validity was supported by a positive correlation with the job satisfaction scale (r = .59). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach's α = .93 for the total items and McDonald's Ω = .93 for all items.
Conclusions
The K-NNPRT scale has demonstrated psychometric validity and reliability. It is a valuable instrument for assessing and understanding the degree of transition of new advanced practice nurses.
{"title":"Development and Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of the Novice Nursing Practitioner Role Transition Scale","authors":"Eun Sook Kim , Mi-Kyeong Jeon , Su Jung Choi , Onam Ok , Genehee Lee , Ahyeong Song","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In this study, we aimed to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Novice Nursing Practitioner Role Transition (K-NNPRT) scale.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This scale was developed through forward translation, expert panel endorsement, and back translation and was revised based on cognitive interviews. Data for the psychometric test were collected from 248 nurses who provide advanced care in Korea. The construct validity was tested based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency reliability, and criterion-related validity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final version of the scale consisted of 33 items across four domains identified through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, with convergent and discriminant validity deemed acceptable. Criterion-related validity was supported by a positive correlation with the job satisfaction scale (r = .59). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach's α = .93 for the total items and McDonald's Ω = .93 for all items.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The K-NNPRT scale has demonstrated psychometric validity and reliability. It is a valuable instrument for assessing and understanding the degree of transition of new advanced practice nurses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 462-469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes has the most detrimental impact on the dietary freedom of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and it is important to facilitate dietary self-care behaviors in people with T2D without impairing quality of life (QOL). Autonomous motivation to perform dietary self-care behaviors could lessen their psychological burden and maintain their QOL. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors and QOL in people with T2D by establishing a hypothetical model using competence and implementation levels of dietary self-care behaviors as mediating variables.
Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited participants and collected data from August 2022 to January 2023 using questionnaires assessing autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors, competence and implementation levels of dietary self-care behaviors, and QOL directed toward people with T2D at the outpatient diabetes department of a university hospital. The authors tested the hypothetical model using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Results
A total of 223 participants completed the questionnaires. The hypothetical model was modified based on testing the model using SEM. The final model showed a good fit, χ2(1) = 0.37 (p = .545); comparative fit index = 1.00; root mean square error of approximation = .00; standardized root mean squared residual = .01. The results showed that autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors was positively associated with overall QOL through competence and implementation levels of dietary self-care behaviors, whereas it was not associated with diabetes-dependent QOL.
Conclusion
Given that the final model was exploratory due to modifications from the hypothetical model, further validation, including cross-validation using independent samples, should assess the replicability and robustness of the model structure. Based on such validation, interventions to increase autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors in people with T2D may need to be developed and evaluated to improve their QOL.
{"title":"Relationship Between Autonomous Motivation for Dietary Self-Care Behaviors and Quality of Life in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach","authors":"Kanako Morinishi , Yasunori Nakamura , Yoshihito Fujita , Masahito Ogura , Daisuke Tanaka , Nobuya Inagaki , Kazuko Nin","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Diabetes has the most detrimental impact on the dietary freedom of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and it is important to facilitate dietary self-care behaviors in people with T2D without impairing quality of life (QOL). Autonomous motivation to perform dietary self-care behaviors could lessen their psychological burden and maintain their QOL. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors and QOL in people with T2D by establishing a hypothetical model using competence and implementation levels of dietary self-care behaviors as mediating variables.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study recruited participants and collected data from August 2022 to January 2023 using questionnaires assessing autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors, competence and implementation levels of dietary self-care behaviors, and QOL directed toward people with T2D at the outpatient diabetes department of a university hospital. The authors tested the hypothetical model using structural equation modeling (SEM).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 223 participants completed the questionnaires. The hypothetical model was modified based on testing the model using SEM. The final model showed a good fit, <em>χ</em><sup>2</sup>(1) = 0.37 (<em>p</em> = .545); comparative fit index = 1.00; root mean square error of approximation = .00; standardized root mean squared residual = .01. The results showed that autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors was positively associated with overall QOL through competence and implementation levels of dietary self-care behaviors, whereas it was not associated with diabetes-dependent QOL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given that the final model was exploratory due to modifications from the hypothetical model, further validation, including cross-validation using independent samples, should assess the replicability and robustness of the model structure. Based on such validation, interventions to increase autonomous motivation for dietary self-care behaviors in people with T2D may need to be developed and evaluated to improve their QOL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 486-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To examine the effectiveness of virtual reality-guided imagery relaxation (VRGI) intervention in reducing anxiety among lung cancer surgery patients.
Methods
In a randomized clinical trial, 98 patients were assigned to a control group (CG) receiving routine treatment and staged care in thoracic surgery, or an experimental group (EG) receiving additional VRGI in addition to the CG’s protocol. Anxiety (using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and physiological stress markers [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR)] were assessed on the day of admission (T1), immediately before surgery (T2), and at discharge (T3).
Results
A total of 98 participants were recruited and randomized to the CG (n=53) and EG (n=45). The age [β, 6.29; p = .005], education level (β, 5.57; p = .011), awareness of the disease (β, 6.11; p = .007), and gender (β, 5.75; p = .018) were the major influencing factors of preoperative anxiety. Compared with the CG, the EG showed a smaller increase in State Anxiety Inventory (SAI, t = 2.20; p = .003), SBP (t = 2.75; p = .007), DBP (t = 2.53; p = .013), and HR (t = 2.17; p = .033) at T2, and significant decreases in SAI (t = 4.79; p < .001), SBP (t = 3.25; p = .0027), DBP (t = 2.96; p = .004), and HR (t = 4.26; p < .001) at T3. The results of the repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated statistically significant differences in the SAI score, SBP, DBP, and HR across time effect, group effect and time × group interaction effect (p < .05), with the EG exhibited superior outcomes.
Conclusion
VRGI is a feasible and effective intervention for reducing perioperative anxiety and physiological stress in lung cancer surgery patients, warranting further large-scale trials.
Trial registration
This study is retrospectively registered with the ITMCTR (identifier: ITMCTR2025001481, registered 26 July 2025). http://itmctr.ccebtcm.org.cn/zh-CN/UserPlatform/ProjectView?Pid=48c26a67-4e2b-4aea-a504-f379602513b0.
{"title":"Effects of Virtual Reality-guided Imagery Relaxation Intervention in Improving Anxiety Among Lung Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Huiqin Li, Fengxia Liu, Shujun Li, Chuang Li, Ziqiang Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine the effectiveness of virtual reality-guided imagery relaxation (VRGI) intervention in reducing anxiety among lung cancer surgery patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a randomized clinical trial, 98 patients were assigned to a control group (CG) receiving routine treatment and staged care in thoracic surgery, or an experimental group (EG) receiving additional VRGI in addition to the CG’s protocol. Anxiety (using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and physiological stress markers [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR)] were assessed on the day of admission (T1), immediately before surgery (T2), and at discharge (T3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 98 participants were recruited and randomized to the CG (n=53) and EG (n=45). The age [β, 6.29; p = .005], education level (β, 5.57; p = .011), awareness of the disease (β, 6.11; p = .007), and gender (β, 5.75; p = .018) were the major influencing factors of preoperative anxiety. Compared with the CG, the EG showed a smaller increase in State Anxiety Inventory (SAI, t = 2.20; p = .003), SBP (t = 2.75; p = .007), DBP (t = 2.53; p = .013), and HR (t = 2.17; p = .033) at T2, and significant decreases in SAI (t = 4.79; p < .001), SBP (t = 3.25; p = .0027), DBP (t = 2.96; p = .004), and HR (t = 4.26; p < .001) at T3. The results of the repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated statistically significant differences in the SAI score, SBP, DBP, and HR across time effect, group effect and time × group interaction effect (p < .05), with the EG exhibited superior outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>VRGI is a feasible and effective intervention for reducing perioperative anxiety and physiological stress in lung cancer surgery patients, warranting further large-scale trials.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This study is retrospectively registered with the ITMCTR (identifier: ITMCTR2025001481, registered 26 July 2025). <span><span>http://itmctr.ccebtcm.org.cn/zh-CN/UserPlatform/ProjectView?Pid=48c26a67-4e2b-4aea-a504-f379602513b0</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 509-517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The association between tinnitus and psychological distress aimed at nurses is often ignored. This study examined the bidirectional associations between tinnitus and psychological distress at the 1-year follow-up.
Methods
Data were retrieved from the National Nurse Health Study in China from 2021 to 2022. To control for potential confounders, we used propensity score matching at a ratio of 1:3 through the nearest-neighbor method with a caliper limit of 0.2. We first explored the correlation between baseline tinnitus and subsequent psychological distress assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (Analysis 1), and then explored the correlation between baseline psychological distress and subsequent tinnitus (Analysis 2). The logistic regression analysis and test for interaction were used.
Results
In the Analysis one, 232 nurses were analyzed, including 58 tinnitus sufferers and 174 non-tinnitus nurses as a matched comparison with similar baseline characteristics. A significant difference in the rate of psychological distress was observed between the two groups. The interaction tests showed tinnitus nurses with college or above education or working for more than 11 years were more likely to develop psychological distress. In the Analysis two, 397 nurses were analyzed, including 105 with psychological distress, and 292 nurses as a matched control group. We did not find that psychological distress could increase the risk of tinnitus at the 1-year follow-up, which was confirmed by subgroup analysis.
Conclusion
The results suggested that nurses with tinnitus may be at an increased likelihood of developing psychological distress, especially among those with a higher education level and who have worked for 11 years. However, given the potential confounding factors (e.g., self-reported data, small sample size), future longitudinal studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm these results.
Clinical trial number
The study was registered in Clinicaltrials.gov on September 30th, 2020 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04572347).
{"title":"Bidirectional Association of Tinnitus and Psychological Distress Among Nurses at One-year Follow-up: A Propensity Score-matched Cohort Study From China","authors":"Miao Yu , Hongbo Chen , Minyue Pei , Siyan Zhan , Baohua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anr.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The association between tinnitus and psychological distress aimed at nurses is often ignored. This study examined the bidirectional associations between tinnitus and psychological distress at the 1-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were retrieved from the National Nurse Health Study in China from 2021 to 2022. To control for potential confounders, we used propensity score matching at a ratio of 1:3 through the nearest-neighbor method with a caliper limit of 0.2. We first explored the correlation between baseline tinnitus and subsequent psychological distress assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (<strong><em>Analysis 1</em></strong>), and then explored the correlation between baseline psychological distress and subsequent tinnitus (<strong><em>Analysis 2</em></strong>). The logistic regression analysis and test for interaction were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the Analysis one, 232 nurses were analyzed, including 58 tinnitus sufferers and 174 non-tinnitus nurses as a matched comparison with similar baseline characteristics. A significant difference in the rate of psychological distress was observed between the two groups. The interaction tests showed tinnitus nurses with college or above education or working for more than 11 years were more likely to develop psychological distress. In the Analysis two, 397 nurses were analyzed, including 105 with psychological distress, and 292 nurses as a matched control group. We did not find that psychological distress could increase the risk of tinnitus at the 1-year follow-up, which was confirmed by subgroup analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggested that nurses with tinnitus may be at an increased likelihood of developing psychological distress, especially among those with a higher education level and who have worked for 11 years. However, given the potential confounding factors (e.g., self-reported data, small sample size), future longitudinal studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm these results.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial number</h3><div>The study was registered in Clinicaltrials.gov on September 30<sup>th</sup>, 2020 (<span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04572347</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55450,"journal":{"name":"Asian Nursing Research","volume":"19 5","pages":"Pages 418-425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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