Applied Engineering in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Improving Milk Value Chains: A Case Study for Qualitative-Economic Feasibility of Decentralized Solar Milk Pasteurization and Chilling Processes","authors":"Khawar S. Khan, A. Munir, A. Raza, Yasir Latif, O. Hensel","doi":"10.13031/aea.14805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14805","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsSolar-based milk pasteurization enables decentralized maintenance of milk quality, particularly in remote areas of developing countries.Study for milk quality processed with solar technologies.Payback period calculation for indigenous machines.Comparative prices analysis of available commercially packed milk with solar process milk.Abstract.Milk adulteration is common and inevitable which pledges milk quality after processing and lasts in whole supply chain, particularly in least developed countries (LDCs) like Pakistan. The dairy farmers must sell raw milk due to inadequate farm-gate milk processing facilities leading to economic and quality compromises for producers and consumers, respectively. The present study pursues the milk quality and techno-economic analysis of the processed milk (pasteurized and chilled) with indigenously developed Solar Milk Chiller (SMC) and Solar Milk Pasteurizer (SMP) compared to the existing milk value chain.. The processed milk contains fat (5.4%), solid-not-fat (9.1%), salts (0.7%), protein (3.9%), lactose (4.2%), total solids (14.5%), pH (6.85), density (1.031 kg/L), and freezing point (-0.532°C). The results of sensory evaluation using a 9-point hedonic scale showed overall likeness towards solar processed milk in terms of taste, color, aroma, and freshness. The processed milk costs USD 0.003 per liter with extended shelf life and superior in quality compared to locally available open (non-packaged) and packaged milk. With an estimated operational lifespan of 10 years, the payback periods for SMC and SMP have been found to be 1.3 to 4.5 and 1.1 to 2.7 years, respectively, depending upon the alternate source for equivalent energy generation. Keywords: Milk adulteration, On-farm solar milk processing, Solar milk chiller, Solar milk pasteurizer.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67050174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nondestructive Quantitative Analysis of Water Potential of Tomato Leaves Using Online Hyperspectral Imaging System","authors":"Kuo-Chih Tung, P. Yen, Chao-Yin Tsai, P. Ong, Jer-Wei Lin, Yung-Huei Chang, Suming Chen","doi":"10.13031/aea.14800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14800","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsWe developed an online measurement system for water potential of tomato plants using hyperspectral imaging.We used Linear Discriminant Analysis to automatically and quickly extract the leaf images.We used SNV scattering correction to remove the spectral variations caused by collecting the defocused leaf images.We developed a prediction model of leaf water potential based on spectral image information.Abstract. Tomatoes have different water requirements in each growing period. Excessive water use or insufficient water supply will affect the growth and yield of tomato plants. Therefore, precise irrigation control is necessary during cultivation to increase crop productivity. Traditionally, the soil moisture content or leaf water potential has been used as an indicator of plant water status. These methods, however, have limited accuracy and are time-consuming, making it difficult to be put into practice in tomato production. This study developed an online hyperspectral imaging system to measure the leaf water potential of tomato nondestructively. Linear Discriminant Analysis was utilized to automatically and quickly extract the leaf images, with the recognition accuracy of 94.68% was achieved. The mathematical processing of Standard Normal Variate scattering correction was used to remove the spectral variations caused by the defocused leave images. The developed leaf water potential prediction model based on the spectral image information attained using the developed system achieved the standard error of calibration of 0.201, coefficient of determination in calibration set of 0.814 and standard error of cross-validation of 0.230, and one minus the variance ratio of 0.755. The obtained performance indicated the feasibility of applying the developed online hyperspectral imaging system as a real-time non-destructive measurement technique for the leaf water potential of tomato plants. Keywords: Hyperspectral imaging system, Machine learning, Tomato, Water potential.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67050508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear Behavior between a Jujube Branch and a Hammer Claw of a Jujube Branch Crusher","authors":"Longpeng Ding, Jingbin Li, Za Kan, Shibo Lei, Ning Li, Hao Ren","doi":"10.13031/aea.15004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.15004","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsThe wear behavior between the metal and the nonmetal was discussed.The wear characteristics between jujube branches and hammer claws at different sliding speeds were studied.The effects of the morphology of jujube branches and debris on wear behavior were analyzed.Abstract.A jujube branches crusher can effectively solve the difficult processing problem of the abandoned jujube branches, but the hammer claw, a key part in the crusher, often breaks due to wear. Studying the wear resistance of the hammer claw under different rotating speeds can improve the service life of the jujube branches crusher. The factors affecting the wear characteristics of the hammer claw were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Wear tests and theoretical calculations showed that the friction coefficient between the hammer claw and the jujube branches tended to decrease as the speed increased, and the friction coefficient was the lowest at 45 m/min. There are two reasons for this phenomenon. The first reason is that the physical characteristics of jujube branches lead to a decrease in the friction coefficient. Second, with increasing speed, the friction coefficient of the contact surface will be further reduced by the lamellar-type debris of the jujube branches and spherical debris of the hammer claw. This work should be able to provide an experimental and theoretical basis for the selection of the rotation speed of a jujube branches crusher under actual working conditions. Keywords: Characterization, Hammer claw, Jujube branches, Sliding speed, Wear.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67051001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Chalkiness in Endosperm of Typical and Bleached Durum Kernels from Transmission Scanned Images","authors":"D. Brabec, L. Pordesimo","doi":"10.13031/aea.15023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.15023","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsDurum wheat kernels were examined using flatbed scanner in transmission mode.Image processing routines were written to determine the %chalkiness per kernel.The distribution of %chalkiness uniquely described market samples.Abstract. The vitreousness of durum samples is regarded by the worldwide wheat industry as an important quality factor for durum shipments. One issue with grading durum occurs on occasional years of unfavorable harvest conditions which result in the kernel outer bran becoming cloudy. Imaging scanners can use either reflective or transmitted lighting. All scanned images of our durum samples were collected using transmissive lighting. Although, “vitreousness” is the usual term applied to durum samples, for this study, “chalkiness” or the inverse property was featured.Both typical and bleached durum kernels were imaged and analyzed. Bleaching seeds has aided grain inspector to visually evaluate the kernels. With computer imaging analysis of bleached kernels, the magnitude of %chalk was significantly attenuated with bleaching verses typical kernels. Still, discrimination of medium and highly chalky kernels was possible with both the typical and bleached seeds.Seed orientation was a source of measurement variability. Seeds were manually and carefully oriented into two distinctly different positions. At the critical lower levels of detection, crease-down orientation may indicate a 100% vitreous seed with the two-dimension view of the scanner, but then 11 of 25 seeds measured some amount of chalkiness when the seed was turned on its side. Furthermore, for seeds with higher amounts of chalkiness, over half of those seeds measured 30% differences.Several durum market samples were provided by Federal Grain Inspection Service and contained levels of non-vitreous seeds for each of three sub-classes of durum: 80%, 65%, 50% vitreous seed. The samples were imaged and analyzed, and chalkiness distributions were plotted. These plots characterize the %chalk for the three classes of wheat. The imaging methods worked satisfactorily for the high and medium levels %chalk per kernel. But the very-low level of chalkiness per kernel proved to be more challenging and was not consistent. Keywords: Grain inspection, HVAC (hard and vitreous kernels of amber color), Image analysis, Vitreousness.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67051023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Development of a Broiler Mortality Removal Robot","authors":"Guoming Li, G. Chesser, J. Purswell, C. Magee, R. Gates, Y. Xiong","doi":"10.13031/aea.15013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.15013","url":null,"abstract":"Highlights A broiler mortality removal robot was successfully developed. The broiler shank was the target anatomical part for detection and mortality pickup. Higher light intensities improved the performance of detection and pickup performance. The final success rate for picking up dead birds was 90.0% at the 1000-lux light intensity. Abstract. Manual collection of broiler mortality is time-consuming, unpleasant, and laborious. The objectives of this research were: (1) to design and fabricate a broiler mortality removal robot from commercially available components to automatically collect dead birds; (2) to compare and evaluate deep learning models and image processing algorithms for detecting and locating dead birds; and (3) to examine detection and mortality pickup performance of the robot under different light intensities. The robot consisted of a two-finger gripper, a robot arm, a camera mounted on the robot’s arm, and a computer controller. The robot arm was mounted on a table, and 64 Ross 708 broilers between 7 and 14 days of age were used for the robot development and evaluation. The broiler shank was the target anatomical part for detection and mortality pickup. Deep learning models and image processing algorithms were embedded into the vision system and provided location and orientation of the shank of interest, so that the gripper could approach and position itself for precise pickup. Light intensities of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 1000 lux were evaluated. Results indicated that the deep learning model “You Only Look Once (YOLO)” V4 was able to detect and locate shanks more accurately and efficiently than YOLO V3. Higher light intensities improved the performance of the deep learning model detection, image processing orientation identification, and final pickup performance. The final success rate for picking up dead birds was 90.0% at the 1000-lux light intensity. In conclusion, the developed system is a helpful tool towards automating broiler mortality removal from commercial housing, and contributes to further development of an integrated autonomous set of solutions to improve production and resource use efficiency in commercial broiler production, as well as to improve well-being of workers. Keywords: Automation, Broiler, Deep learning, Image processing, Mortality, Robot arm.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67051480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classifying Early Blight and Late Blight of Potato Based on Convolution Neural Network","authors":"Haixia Qi, Zhenxin Lin, Yifeng Zhu, Jianjun Hao, Yubin Lan","doi":"10.13031/aea.13732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.13732","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsA convolution neural network (CNN) model, called M_Net, was designed to recognize early blight and late blight in potato.Our model achieves the highest accuracy with low computation requirements compare with other popular deep neural networks.Hyperparameters tuning is performed to optimize accuracy, generalization, and computation requirements for potato disease classification.Experimental results show that the combination of multiple datasets improves the generalization of the model.Abstract.Early and late blight are two of the most common potato diseases. Intelligent tools for automatically detecting these two diseases can benefit farmers and agricultural extension officers. However, it remains a challenge to use traditional image processing methods to recognize these diseases. Convolution neural network (CNN) is an advanced methodology in computer vision, which shows great promise in image classification. This article explores CNN models to classify potato early blight and late blight based on leaf images. This research task has three challenges: lack of adequate datasets, noise in existing data, and the construction of a model that handles variability in image backgrounds. This research designs a CNN model M_Net based on MobileNetV1 network and uses different dataset sources in the construction of a CNN model with a strong generalization ability to identify disease leaves and healthy leaves. Furthermore, this article adds a new dataset to the field by supplying the model with potato leaf images. The results show that the CNN model achieves the highest accuracy with low calculation cost compared to some classical models and the final model has a strong generalization capacity. Keywords: Accuracy, CNN, Early blight, Generalization ability, Late blight.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67029433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Ginning Rate on Fiber and Seed Quality","authors":"C. Blake, D. Whitelock, P. Funk, C. B. Armijo, M. Buser","doi":"10.13031/aea.14303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14303","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsReducing the ginning rate improved fiber quality properties.HVI color, leaf grade, and trash area were improved as the ginning rate is reduced.AFIS gave longer, more uniform, and lower short fiber content results with slower ginning rates.Economic benefits on lower ginning rates are negated by input cost, i.e., labor costs.Abstract. Fiber quality needs to be maintained as ginning rates and saw loadings increase. This study utilized two gin stands, which were each operated at three different Ginning Rate Levels to determine if there were significant differences in fiber quality as a function of ginning rate. As ginning rates were reduced, HVI results for leaf grade, trash area, and color grade, were significantly improved. AFIS measurements showed lower ginning rates resulted in longer fibers with less short fiber. Reducing the ginning rate on average from 7.36 to 4.10 bales/h (48.7 to 27.2 kg/saw/h) increased the lint value by $3.92 per 218 kg bale, yet the increase in lint value may be negated by increased labor and other costs due to the additional processing time per bale. Keywords: Fiber quality, Ginning rate, Short fiber content, Neps, Saw gin capacity.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67045223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the Equivalent Length for Evaluating Local Head Losses in Drip Irrigation Laterals","authors":"Jian Wang, Tao Wei, Z. Song, Rui Chen, Qiu He","doi":"10.13031/aea.14735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14735","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsA hydraulic model was used to determine the value of the equivalent length for evaluating local emitter head losses in drip laterals.Dimensional analysis was used to develop an equation for predicting the equivalent length.The effects of the design variables on the equivalent length were investigated.The accuracy of the equation was validated by a previous experiment and an alternative hydraulic model.Abstract. The equivalent length is widely used in current hydraulic models to estimate local emitter head losses for the analysis and design of drip irrigation laterals. The accurate evaluation of the equivalent length is therefore required in the lateral design procedure. In this study, a finite element model was used to develop an equation to predict the equivalent length. Eight design variables were selected, and 32 lateral cases were generated using the orthogonal design. The total local head loss in the 32 laterals were firstly calculated using the local head loss coefficient multiplied by the kinetic head. The solutions were considered as exact values and being equivalent to friction head losses, and the equivalent length was computed using the Darcy-Weisbach equation. Dimensional analysis and regression procedures were then used to obtain the prediction equation related to the selected variables. The results show that the converted equivalent lengths accurately estimated the local head losses in the 32 laterals. The local head loss coefficient was the most important factor for the equivalent length, followed by the lateral diameter. The effects of the lateral inlet pressure head, flow exponent, nominal flow rate of emitter, number of emitter, emitter spacing and lateral slope were not significant. Two models were developed to predict the equivalent length, and to calculated the total local head losses. The results demonstrated satisfactory agreement with the measured value available in a previous experimental study, with RMSE = 0.202 and 0.162 m for the full and simplified model, respectively. The percent error between the measured and calculated total head losses using simplified model was from -16.5% to 14.8%, and the Camargo and Sentelhas coefficient c was higher than 0.98. The equations were therefore capable for evaluating the local head loss in the hydraulic design of drip irrigation laterals. Keywords: Dimensional analysis, Finite element method, Hydraulic design, Pressure head, Uniformity.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67049123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Infrared Radiation on Germination of Long Grain Rice","authors":"R. Hampton, G. Atungulu, Virginie Rolland, Shantae A. Wilson, T. Mckay","doi":"10.13031/aea.14774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14774","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsThe study provides insight to infrared (IR) drying and the effects on germination of two long-grain rice cultivarsDrying rice seeds using IR with intensity at 10.84 kW/m2 negatively impacted germination and probabilities of shoot and primary root growth.IR intensities of 2.15 and 2.83 kW/m2 did not affect rice seed germination or growth compared to control samples dried using natural air at 26°C and 65% relative humidity.CL152, the pureline cultivar, did not germinate as well as XL745, the hybrid cultivar.Abstract. Infrared radiation (IR) can effectively dry rice; however, the effects of IR on germination need to be determined. We compared the effects of natural air drying and three IR-drying intensities (2.15, 2.83, and 10.84 kW/m2) on rice germination for two rice cultivars, XL745 (hybrid) and CL152 (pureline). Although lower for CL152 than for XL745, the probability of germination was lowest after IR-drying at 10.84 kW/m2 for both cultivars. The probability of shoot or root growth was also lowest for kernels treated at 10.84 kW/m2; however, cultivar was the only factor included in the best model for predicting shoot and root length, suggesting that the range of IR intensity tested does not affect shoot or root length. Treatment of rice with an initial moisture content of 20% w.b. with an IR intensity of 10.84 kW/m2 for 7 s reaching a temperature of 60°C is not recommended for use on rice that will be used for seed grain; lower IR intensities appear more appropriate. Keywords: Germination, Hybrid rice, Infrared drying, Pureline rice.","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67050288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Stationary and Mobile Canopy Sensing Systems for Maize and Soybean in Nebraska, USA","authors":"Sandeep Bhatti, D. Heeren, S. O'Shaughnessy, S. Evett, Mitch S Maguire, S. P. Kashyap, C. Neale","doi":"10.13031/aea.14945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.14945","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsMultispectral sensors mounted on the center pivot lateral were able to capture differences between rainfed and irrigated crop.Canopy temperature was strongly associated among stationary and pivot-mounted sensors with coefficient of determination ranging between 0.88 and 0.99.A cooling effect of about 2°C was observed in canopy temperature data collected from pivot mounted sensors for irrigated soybean crop.Abstract. Accurate knowledge of plant and field characteristics is crucial for irrigation management. Irrigation can potentially be better managed by utilizing data collected from various sensors installed on different platforms. The accuracy and repeatability of each data source are important considerations when selecting a sensing system suitable for irrigation management. The objective of this study was to compare data from multispectral (red and near-infrared bands) and thermal (long wave thermal infrared band) sensors mounted on different platforms to investigate their comparative usability and accuracy. The different sensor platforms included stationary posts fixed on the ground, the lateral of a center pivot irrigation system, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), and Planet (PlanetScope multispectral imager, Planet Labs, Inc., San Francisco, Calif.) satellites. The surface reflectance data from multispectral (MS) sensors were used to compute the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). The experimental plots were managed with rainfed and irrigated treatments. Irrigation was applied according to a spatial evapotranspiration model informed with Planet satellite imagery. The NDVI and SAVI curves computed from the different sensing systems exhibited similar patterns and were able to capture differences between the rainfed and irrigated treatments when the crops were approaching senescence. Strong correlations were observed for canopy temperature measurements between the stationary and pivot-mounted infrared thermometer (IRT) sensors (p-value of less than 0.01 for the correlations) when canopy were scanned with no irrigation application (dry scans). The best correlation was obtained for the irrigated maize, which yielded r2 of 0.99, RMSE of 0.4°C, and MAE of 0.3°C. The correlation for the canopy temperature data collected during dry scan between UAS and pivot-mounted thermal sensors was weak with r2 = 0.26 to 0.28, larger RMSE values of 3.7°C and MAE values of 3.4°C. Secondary analysis between thermal data from stationary and pivot-mounted IRTs collected during wet scans (during an irrigation event) demonstrated reduced canopy temperature from pivot-mounted IRTs by approximately 2°C for irrigated soybean due to wetting of the canopy by the irrigation. Understanding the performance of these sensor systems is valuable in configuring practical design and operational considerations when using sensor feedback for irrigation management. Keywords: Center pivots, Irrigation, Multispectral, Remote ","PeriodicalId":55501,"journal":{"name":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67050994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}