Applied Acoustics最新文献_第9页

A technique to pinpoint a leak in a buried water pipe using a pair of roving sensors measuring ground surface vibration 一种利用一对测量地面振动的粗纱传感器来精确定位地下水管泄漏的技术

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111094

M.K. Iwanaga , M.J. Brennan , O. Scussel , F.C.L. Almeida , J.M. Muggleton , M.M. Quartaroli , B.C. Campos , R.N. Oliveira

The risk of water shortage has increased in many regions of the world. Since leaks represent a large amount of water wastage, water supply sectors depend heavily on leak localization technologies. One current technique uses a single roving sensor on the ground to measure the noise from a leak, and the amplitude of the noise indicates the location of the leak. In this paper a two-sensor technique is proposed as an improvement. It involves the use of two roving sensors to measure ground surface vibration caused by a leaking buried pipe, in a two-step process. In the procedure, in which it is assumed that the direction of the pipe run is known, the pipe is first located and then the leak is pinpointed. This is achieved by using the measured phase between the roving sensors to first determine the direction of the noise radiating from the pipe and then to determine the direction of the noise propagating along the pipe from the leak. It appears to be robust to the interference of background noise, and is straightforward to implement. Experimental work is carried out using two experimental test rigs, one in the UK and one in Brazil. The efficacy of the two-sensor approach is demonstrated, and it is shown to be effective several meters from the leak position in the UK test rig.

在世界许多地区，水资源短缺的风险增加了。由于泄漏造成了大量的水浪费，供水部门严重依赖泄漏定位技术。一种电流技术使用地面上的单个粗纱传感器来测量泄漏产生的噪声，噪声的振幅表明泄漏的位置。本文提出了一种双传感器技术作为改进。它包括使用两个粗纱传感器来测量地下管道泄漏引起的地面振动，分两步进行。在这个过程中，假定管道的运行方向是已知的，首先确定管道的位置，然后确定泄漏点。这是通过使用漫游传感器之间测量的相位来实现的，首先确定噪声从管道辐射的方向，然后确定噪声从泄漏沿管道传播的方向。它对背景噪声的干扰具有较强的鲁棒性，并且易于实现。实验工作使用两个实验试验台进行，一个在英国，一个在巴西。双传感器方法的有效性得到了证明，并且在英国测试平台上，它被证明是有效的，距离泄漏位置几米。

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引用次数: 0

Design and validation of an ultra-low modulus structure for deep subwavelength sound absorption 超低模量深亚波长吸声结构的设计与验证

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111141

Xianhui Li , Yifan Zhang , Tuo Xing , Erjing Han

Achieving deep subwavelength sound absorption is challenging for conventional materials due to causal constraints on the minimum thickness. We propose a buckling plate resonator (BPR) with an ultra-low effective modulus to overcome this limitation. The BPR comprises a thin front plate and a sealed back cavity. When subjected to an in-plane compressive load exceeding its critical buckling load, the plate buckles and acts as a negative stiffness component. This results in an effective bulk modulus lower than that of air, significantly reducing the required thickness compared to conventional materials. Using first-order mode approximation, we develop an equivalent circuit model for the BPR and evaluate its sound absorption performance under varying in-plane loads. Experimental validation via impedance tube tests confirms quasi-perfect absorption at a thickness of 6 mm, less than 1/172 of the wavelength at the resonance frequency. It outperforms conventional materials which require at least 9.3 mm in thickness. This work offers a novel approach for designing ultra-thin broadband sound absorbers.

由于对最小厚度的因果限制，实现深亚波长吸声对传统材料来说是具有挑战性的。我们提出了一种超低有效模量的屈曲板谐振器（BPR）来克服这一限制。BPR包括薄的前板和密封的后腔。当受到超过其临界屈曲载荷的面内压缩载荷时，板屈曲并充当负刚度分量。这导致有效体积模量低于空气，与传统材料相比，显着降低了所需的厚度。利用一阶模态近似建立了BPR的等效电路模型，并对其在不同面内载荷下的吸声性能进行了评价。通过阻抗管测试的实验验证证实了在6 mm厚度处的准完美吸收，小于共振频率处波长的1/172。它优于要求至少9.3毫米厚度的传统材料。这项工作为超薄宽带吸声器的设计提供了一种新的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of hearing impairment on fatigue and annoyance caused by task-irrelevant speech: A working day simulation in an open-plan office 听力损伤对与任务无关的言语引起的疲劳和烦恼的影响：开放式办公室工作日模拟

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111149

Nicolas F. Poncetti , Etienne Parizet , Edith Galy , Patrick Chevret

Open-plan offices are widely used in corporate settings to foster collaboration and reduce operational costs, yet noise, particularly from co-worker conversations, often disrupts employees. This disturbance may have distinct impacts on normal-hearing individuals and those experiencing the onset of presbycusis. This study investigates how mild age-related hearing loss influences cognitive performance and perceived fatigue in an open-plan office setting, with a focus on the impact of background speech intelligibility. Normal-hearing participants completed clerical tasks, including reading, note-taking, and writing, in four different auditory conditions combining two speech intelligibility levels and simulated hearing loss. Subjective assessment of workload, fatigue, and noise annoyance were collected alongside task performance metrics. Results indicated that speech intelligibility affects performance equally across both hearing conditions, suggesting that mild hearing loss does not significantly alter susceptibility to distraction in open-plan offices. Furthermore, it was observed that similar levels of speech intelligibility lead to equivalent decrease in performance, regardless of the participants’ hearing condition, whether normal or simulated mild hearing loss (early presbycusis).

开放式办公室被广泛用于企业环境中，以促进协作和降低运营成本，但噪音，尤其是同事谈话的噪音，经常会干扰员工。这种干扰可能对听力正常的人和那些经历老年性耳聋发病的人有明显的影响。本研究调查了轻度年龄相关性听力损失如何影响开放式办公环境下的认知表现和感知疲劳，重点研究了背景语音清晰度的影响。听力正常的参与者在四种不同的听觉条件下完成文书任务，包括阅读、记笔记和写作，并结合两种语音清晰度水平和模拟听力损失。工作负荷、疲劳和噪音烦恼的主观评估与任务绩效指标一起收集。结果表明，在两种听力条件下，言语清晰度对表现的影响是相同的，这表明轻度听力损失不会显著改变开放式办公室中注意力分散的易感性。此外，我们观察到，无论参与者的听力状况如何，无论是正常的还是模拟的轻度听力损失（早期老年性耳聋），相似的言语清晰度水平都会导致同等程度的表现下降。

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引用次数: 0

Performance analysis for mode decomposition methods in an axial fan 轴流风机模态分解方法的性能分析

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111147

Haobo Li , Lin Du , Zhuo Wang , Yi Zhang , Xianghai Qiu , Dakun Sun , Xiaofeng Sun

To analyze the performance of mode decomposition methods in rotating machinery such as turbofan engines, this paper begins with a series of tests using the experimental database of the TA36 single-stage compressor on the classic circumferential mode decomposition method (CM) and the compressive sensing method (CSM). While CM is widely used in industry, its uncertainties under limited microphone conditions have not been systematically evaluated, and CSM has rarely been validated in realistic fan experiments. This study aims to address these gaps. In addition, we focus on a realistic compressor with non-uniform inlet conditions, where the resulting circumferential non-uniformity of the acoustic field can significantly affect mode decomposition results. It is found that the uncertainties in CM results are relatively large, even when the system of equations is overdetermined. The solutions exhibit good convergence as the number of microphones increases. The error bands of the TS mode sound pressure level (SPL) are reduced to

\pm

0.5 dB for

{CM}_{20}

, which is then regarded as a reference. The analyses show the dependence of the decomposition results on the mode dominance ratio (MDR), which can be preliminarily estimated from the circumferential distribution of microphone SPL in the tests. Based on this, we investigated a series of factors that may influence the performance of CSM, including the number of microphones, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), MDR, the absolute angle of array arrangement, and the masking of low-reliability signals.

为了分析涡扇发动机等旋转机械的模态分解方法的性能，本文首先利用TA36单级压气机的实验数据库，对经典的周向模态分解方法（CM）和压缩感知方法（CSM）进行了一系列的试验。虽然CM在工业中得到了广泛的应用，但其在有限传声器条件下的不确定性尚未得到系统的评估，而且CSM很少在实际的风扇实验中得到验证。本研究旨在解决这些差距。此外，我们重点研究了具有非均匀进口条件的现实压气机，其中所产生的声场周向非均匀性会显著影响模态分解结果。发现CM结果的不确定性相对较大，即使方程组是超定的。随着麦克风数量的增加，这些解表现出良好的收敛性。将CM20的TS模态声压级（SPL）误差范围减小到±0.5 dB，作为参考。分析表明，分解结果与模式优势比（mode dominance ratio， MDR）有关，MDR可以通过试验中传声器声压级的周向分布初步估计。在此基础上，我们研究了影响CSM性能的一系列因素，包括传声器数量、信噪比、MDR、阵列排列绝对角度以及低可靠性信号的掩蔽。

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引用次数: 0

Broadband low-frequency sound absorption based on tube-bundle-embedded neck Helmholtz resonators 基于管束内嵌颈式亥姆霍兹谐振器的宽带低频吸声

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111146

Zheyu Mao, Hanbo Shao, Xiaoli Wu

This article proposes a tube-bundle-embedded neck Helmholtz resonant configuration, which involves the division of the neck of a classical Helmholtz resonator (HR) into a tube bundle without altering the volume of the neck air, with the objective of achieving low-frequency broadband sound absorption at subwavelength scales. A theoretical model has been developed to assess the acoustic performance of the tube-bundle-embedded neck HR, and the accuracy of the model has been validated through FEM and experimental tests. The results indicate that the introduction of a tube-bundle-embedded neck is beneficial in meeting the impedance matching conditions between the metamaterial and air, as well as the critical coupling conditions for damping in the resonant system, thereby increasing the absorption peak of traditional HR from imperfect absorption to perfect absorption, while shifting the resonant frequency towards lower frequencies. A detailed analysis of the sound absorption mechanism of the structure reveals that the dissipation of energy primarily occurs in the neck. Consequently, it is possible to achieve optimal tunability of sound absorption by adjusting the neck length, cross-sectional area, and the number of embedded necks. Finally, to verify the broadband sound absorption potential of metamaterials, multiple subwavelength tube-bundle-embedded neck HR units were connected in parallel using an electroacoustic analogy method, achieving broadband quasi-perfect sound absorption in different frequency ranges. This research offers a novel approach for the design of subwavelength-sized low-frequency broadband sound absorption structures.

本文提出了一种管束嵌入颈部亥姆霍兹谐振结构，该结构将经典亥姆霍兹谐振器（HR）的颈部划分为管束，而不改变颈部空气的体积，目的是在亚波长尺度上实现低频宽带吸声。建立了管束埋入式颈部HR声学性能的理论模型，并通过有限元分析和实验验证了模型的准确性。结果表明，引入管束嵌入颈有利于满足超材料与空气之间的阻抗匹配条件，以及谐振系统中阻尼的临界耦合条件，从而使传统HR的吸收峰从不完全吸收提高到完全吸收，同时使谐振频率向低频偏移。对结构吸声机理的详细分析表明，能量的耗散主要发生在颈部。因此，可以通过调整颈长、横截面积和嵌入颈的数量来实现吸声的最佳可调性。最后，为了验证超材料的宽带吸声电位，采用电声类比的方法将多个亚波长管束嵌入颈部HR单元并联，在不同频率范围内实现宽带准完美吸声。本研究为亚波长级低频宽带吸声结构的设计提供了一种新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Psychoacoustic-based sound quality assessment and subjective perception-driven noise control for gas water heaters 基于心理声学的燃气热水器音质评价及主观感知驱动噪声控制

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111145

Jingyu Lei , Jie Zhang , Zixuan Zhao , Dan Yao , Ruiqian Wang , Jiang Li , Shaoyun Guo

Improving sound quality is essential for enhancing the competitiveness of household appliances. However, research on appliance noise has traditionally focused on sound pressure levels, with limited emphasis on acoustic design driven by psychoacoustic perception. This study investigates the sound quality analysis and noise control of gas water heaters. Sound quality measurements were conducted under five operating conditions (25%–100% load and instant heating mode), comparing two different models to identify differences in psychoacoustic parameters and their variation patterns. Subjective evaluations were then performed using paired comparison tests with 36 participants to examine the correlation between objective psychoacoustic metrics and subjective preference scores. A multiple linear regression model was established to predict user preferences. Subsequently, a noise reduction scheme was proposed for the model with relatively poor sound quality. Post-treatment sound quality was measured and analysed, and the regression model was used to predict the subjective evaluation results. The results show that the proposed composite noise reduction scheme notably improved sound quality, leading to significantly higher subjective preference scores. This work provides a useful reference for sound quality evaluation and noise control of household appliances based on psychoacoustic analysis.

提高音质是提高家电产品竞争力的必要条件。然而，传统上对电器噪声的研究主要集中在声压级上，而对心理声感知驱动的声学设计重视有限。本文对燃气热水器的音质分析及噪声控制进行了研究。在五种工况下（25%-100%负荷和即时加热模式）进行了音质测量，比较了两种不同的模式，以确定心理声学参数的差异及其变化规律。然后对36名参与者进行主观评价，使用配对比较测试来检验客观心理声学指标与主观偏好得分之间的相关性。建立多元线性回归模型预测用户偏好。随后，针对音质相对较差的模型提出了降噪方案。对处理后的音质进行测量和分析，并采用回归模型预测主观评价结果。结果表明，所提出的复合降噪方案显著改善了声音质量，导致主观偏好得分显著提高。本研究为基于心理声学分析的家电产品音质评价和噪声控制提供了有益的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Design of low acoustic impedance metamaterials with application to waterborne expansion chamber muffler 低声阻超材料的设计及其在水基膨胀室消声器中的应用

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111151

Chao Wang , Qi Jia , Zhoufu Zheng , Xijin Chen , Donghai Han , Dianlong Yu

This work proposes a compact waterborne muffler by integrating acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) with low acoustic impedance into a conventional expansion chamber. Based on homogenization theory, the equivalent acoustic parameters of the designed metamaterial are calculated and analyzed. It is demonstrated that the metamaterial’s acoustic impedance can be effectively reduced by strategically tuning its structural parameters and principal orientation, and the underlying physical mechanism is revealed. Numerical simulations show that, compared with traditional expansion chamber mufflers, the introduction of low-impedance metamaterials significantly enhances the muffler’s low-frequency transmission loss (TL) and extends its effective bandwidth. As a proof-of-concept, a waterborne muffler embedded with two low-impedance AMM specimens is fabricated and tested in the water-filled circulation pipeline system. The good agreement between measured and simulated results verifies the acoustic performance of the designed muffler. This work may provide new insights into noise control in fluid-filled pipeline systems and has the potential for application in ocean engineering and related industrial fields.

本文提出了一种将具有低声阻抗的声学超材料（AMMs）集成到传统膨胀腔中的紧凑型水性消声器。基于均匀化理论，对所设计的超材料的等效声学参数进行了计算和分析。结果表明，通过对超材料的结构参数和主取向进行有策略的调整，可以有效地降低超材料的声阻抗，并揭示了其潜在的物理机制。数值模拟结果表明，与传统的膨胀室消声器相比，低阻抗超材料的引入显著提高了消声器的低频传输损耗（TL），延长了消声器的有效带宽。作为概念验证，制作了一个嵌入两个低阻抗AMM试样的水基消声器，并在充水循环管道系统中进行了测试。实测结果与仿真结果吻合较好，验证了所设计消声器的声学性能。该研究为充液管道系统的噪声控制提供了新的思路，在海洋工程及相关工业领域具有应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Deep learning-based inverse design of micro-perforated plate and Fibonacci-cavity coupling structure for low-frequency broadband sound absorption 基于深度学习的低频宽带吸声微孔板与斐波那契腔耦合结构反设计

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111150

Yichi Zhang, Zhaojiang Chen, Yufei Ling, Jianning Zheng

In this work, a low-frequency broadband acoustic metamaterial absorber is designed based on a micro-perforated plate and a Fibonacci-cavity coupling structure, where the Fibonacci sequence arrangement of cavities facilitates the coupling of multiple resonance peaks and enables high-efficiency sound absorption. To effectively couple different units, a deep learning method is used to automatically optimize structural parameters. By constructing a multilayer perceptron, a highly accurate correlation between structural parameters and the sound absorption coefficient, with over 97 % accuracy, has been established. The results show that a well-trained forward neural network can effectively replace the intricate physical processes involved. We propose a method using a tandem neural network to achieve the inverse design of an acoustic absorber, which enables efficient and fast directional design compared to traditional empirical approaches and optimization algorithms. The achieved sound absorption efficiency is 81.8 % within the low-frequency spectrum of 300–800 Hz using only two resonance units, and the feasibility of the method is experimentally verified. The deep learning design method proposed in this study can be applied to various types of metamaterials, thereby significantly improving design efficiency.

本文设计了一种基于微孔板和斐波那契-腔耦合结构的低频宽带声学超材料吸声器，其中腔的斐波那契序列排列有利于多个共振峰的耦合，从而实现高效吸声。为了有效耦合不同单元，采用深度学习方法自动优化结构参数。通过构建多层感知器，建立了结构参数与吸声系数之间的高精度相关性，准确度超过97%。结果表明，训练良好的前向神经网络可以有效地代替复杂的物理过程。本文提出了一种利用串联神经网络实现吸声器逆向设计的方法，与传统的经验方法和优化算法相比，该方法可以实现高效、快速的定向设计。在300 ~ 800 Hz的低频频谱范围内，仅使用两个共振单元即可实现81.8%的吸声效率，并通过实验验证了该方法的可行性。本研究提出的深度学习设计方法可以应用于各种类型的超材料，从而显著提高设计效率。

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引用次数: 0

Shallow water reverberation suppression based on a time-frequency patch tensor model for broadband active sonar systems 基于时频patch张量模型的宽带主动声呐系统浅水混响抑制

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111144

Wenbo Gou, Hong Liang, Hui Li, Zezhou Dai, Wenlong Zhu

In shallow water, strong reverberation from the seafloor significantly degrades the performance of broadband active sonar systems in detecting underwater targets. To improve the target detection performance, this paper proposes a reverberation suppression method based on a time-frequency patch tensor model. First, this method transforms the echo signal into the time-frequency domain using the short-time Fourier transform. Then, by using the target echo sparse prior and the reverberation non-local self-correlation prior to construct the time-frequency patch tensor model, the reverberation suppression problem is modeled as an optimization problem of recovering the low-rank and sparse tensors. By applying an alternating direction multiplier method, the target echo and reverberation are decomposed into the sparse and low-rank tensors, respectively. To verify the proposed method, an experiment involving simulated signals is conducted. The results show that it significantly improves the detection performance at low signal-to-reverberation ratios (SRRs). The method achieves a better detection result when the SRR is greater than −7 dB. Moreover, this method is applied to the lake experiment data. The lake experiment results show that our method effectively reduces reverberation and enhances active sonar detection performance compared to reverberation pre-whitening and principal component inverse methods. This model works for both single-element transducers and transducer arrays.

在浅水环境中，来自海底的强烈混响会显著降低宽带主动声呐系统探测水下目标的性能。为了提高目标检测性能，本文提出了一种基于时频patch张量模型的混响抑制方法。该方法首先利用短时傅里叶变换将回波信号转换为时频域信号。然后，利用目标回波稀疏先验和混响非局部自相关先验构建时频斑块张量模型，将混响抑制问题建模为恢复低秩稀疏张量的优化问题。采用交变方向乘子方法，将目标回波和混响分别分解为稀疏张量和低秩张量。为了验证所提出的方法，进行了模拟信号实验。结果表明，在低信混响比（SRRs）条件下，该方法显著提高了检测性能。该方法在SRR大于−7 dB时检测效果较好。并将该方法应用于湖泊试验数据。湖泊实验结果表明，与混响预白化和主成分反演方法相比，该方法有效地降低了混响，提高了主动声呐探测性能。该模型适用于单元件换能器和换能器阵列。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-band acoustic topology construction by spatial stacking 基于空间叠加的多波段声学拓扑结构构建

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111148

Xiao Liang , Yu Ye , Jiangxia Luo , Nansha Gao , Liang Shi , Zhongyuan Tang , Hanya Zhu

Currently, the development of multiband acoustic topological systems is constrained by the dimensional characteristics of scattering elements. The number of bands in edge mode is limited and the bandgap width is also affected. Therefore,this paper presents a construction method for multi-band acoustic topology through spatial stacking. This method mainly involves stacking of resonant cavities in the vertical spatial direction of the scatterer, and utilizes the local resonance of the resonant cavities to excite additional operating frequency bands. Compared with the conventional acoustic topology, it can break the limitation of structure size and improve the space utilization. The results simulated by finite element simulation show that more number of working frequency bands can be constructed by superposing resonant cavities in its vertical spatial direction. Moreover, the number of layers of spatial stacking is positively correlated with the number of working bands. Finally, we focus on the acoustic topology when the space is superimposed to three layers of resonant cavities, and verify the correctness of this method by experimentally comparing and demonstrating that there are indeed ten effective acoustic transmission channels. This study breaks the limitation of the traditional acoustic topology in terms of structural size and realizes the construction of more operating frequency bands, which provides a new idea for the acoustic control field of multiband acoustic topology, multiband filter and acoustic sensor.

目前，多波段声学拓扑系统的发展受到散射元尺寸特性的制约。边缘模式下的带数有限，带隙宽度也受到影响。为此，本文提出了一种通过空间叠加构建多波段声学拓扑结构的方法。该方法主要是在散射体的垂直空间方向上叠加谐振腔，利用谐振腔的局部共振来激发额外的工作频段。与传统的声学拓扑结构相比，它可以打破结构尺寸的限制，提高空间利用率。有限元仿真结果表明，在垂直空间方向上叠加谐振腔可以构造更多的工作频带。空间叠加层数与工作频带数呈正相关。最后，我们重点研究了空间叠加到三层谐振腔时的声学拓扑结构，并通过实验对比验证了该方法的正确性，证明确实存在十个有效的声传输通道。本研究突破了传统声学拓扑在结构尺寸上的局限，实现了更多工作频带的构建，为多频带声学拓扑、多频带滤波器和声传感器的声学控制领域提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0