Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119228
Dashzeveg Bayarsaihan , Badam Enkhmandakh , Anushree Vijaykumar , Paul Robson , Mina Mina
The dental pulp is known to be highly heterogenous, comprising distinct cell types including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which represent neural-crest-derived cells with the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. However, the cellular heterogeneity and the transcriptome signature of different cell clusters within the dental pulp remain to be established. To better understand discrete cell types, we applied a single-cell RNA sequencing strategy to establish the RNA expression profiles of individual dental pulp cells from 5- to 6-day-old mouse incisors. Our study revealed distinct subclasses of cells representing osteoblast, odontoblast, endothelial, pancreatic, neuronal, immune, pericyte and ameloblast lineages. Collectively, our research demonstrates the complexity and diversity of cell subclasses within the incisor dental pulp, thus providing a foundation for uncovering the molecular processes that govern cell fate decisions and lineage commitment in dental pulp-derived MSCs.
{"title":"Single-cell transcriptome analysis defines mesenchymal stromal cells in the mouse incisor dental pulp","authors":"Dashzeveg Bayarsaihan , Badam Enkhmandakh , Anushree Vijaykumar , Paul Robson , Mina Mina","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The dental pulp is known to be highly heterogenous, comprising distinct cell types including mesenchymal stromal cells<span> (MSCs), which represent neural-crest-derived cells with the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages<span><span><span>. However, the cellular heterogeneity and the transcriptome signature of different cell clusters within the dental pulp remain to be established. To better understand discrete cell types, we applied a single-cell </span>RNA sequencing<span> strategy to establish the RNA<span> expression profiles of individual dental pulp cells from 5- to 6-day-old mouse incisors. Our study revealed distinct subclasses of cells representing osteoblast, odontoblast, endothelial, pancreatic, neuronal, immune, pericyte and </span></span></span>ameloblast lineages. Collectively, our research demonstrates the complexity and diversity of cell subclasses within the incisor dental pulp, thus providing a foundation for uncovering the </span></span></span>molecular processes that govern cell fate decisions and lineage commitment in dental pulp-derived MSCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39819790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119230
Feng Wang, Baiquan Ci, Yangzi Wang
The embryonic stem cell- (ESC) specific transcription factor Oct4 is a well-known master regulator of pluripotency. The aim of this study was to identify upstream regulators of Oct4 and explore their functional link in regulating lincRNA expression in ESCs. By quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis upon CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) or Oct4 knockdown, here, we found that the chromatin insulator CTCF transcriptionally controls Oct4 gene expression in mouse ES cells. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that CTCF physically interacts with Oct4. By analyzing CTCF and Oct4 ChIP-seq datasets in mouse ES cells and investigating their genomic occupancies, we demonstrated that CTCF and Oct4 share overlapping regulatory functions and are required for active transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) linc1253 and linc1356, which were reported to repress cellular lineage programs and maintain a pluripotent state. In summary, we propose an integrated model of transcriptional control mediated by CTCF, the master weaver of the genome, for the upstream regulation of Oct4-and ESC-associated genes. These results connect the chromatin insulator CTCF and the pluripotency factor Oct4 in the regulation of lincRNAs in pluripotent cells.
{"title":"CCCTC-binding factor is an upstream regulator of the pluripotency factor Oct4 and functions in active transcription of linc1253 and linc1356 genes in pluripotent cells","authors":"Feng Wang, Baiquan Ci, Yangzi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The embryonic stem cell- (ESC) specific transcription factor Oct4<span><span> is a well-known master regulator of pluripotency. The aim of this study was to identify upstream regulators of Oct4 and explore their functional link in regulating lincRNA expression in ESCs. By quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis upon CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) or Oct4 knockdown, here, we found that the chromatin insulator </span>CTCF transcriptionally controls Oct4 gene expression in mouse ES cells. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that CTCF physically interacts with Oct4. By analyzing CTCF and Oct4 ChIP-seq datasets in mouse ES cells and investigating their genomic occupancies, we demonstrated that CTCF and Oct4 share overlapping regulatory functions and are required for active transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) linc1253 and linc1356, which were reported to repress cellular lineage programs and maintain a pluripotent state. In summary, we propose an integrated model of transcriptional control mediated by CTCF, the master weaver of the genome, for the upstream regulation of Oct4-and ESC-associated genes. These results connect the chromatin insulator CTCF and the pluripotency factor Oct4 in the regulation of lincRNAs in pluripotent cells.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39819791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In light of a number of recent studies highlighting the increasing research interest in bruchids, it is crucial to validate suitable reference genes that could be used in quantitative gene expression studies. Callosobruchus maculatus is a serious pest of stored grains and field legumes in which reference genes have not been assessed and validated to date. The present study aimed to identify and validate reference genes in different developmental stages of C. maculatus shortlisted from commonly used reference genes such as VATPase, TRIP12, TBP, TF11D, ACTIN, GST, ANNEXIN, PTCD3, RPL32, and β -Tub in various insects. Dedicated algorithms like GeNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper were used to analyze the stability of these candidate genes, which revealed GST for third instar, ANNEXIN and PTCD3 for the fourth instar, TF11D and VATPase for male pupa, RPL32 and β-tub for female pupa, β-tub and TBP for adult male and VATPase and GST for adult females as suitable reference genes for expression studies in C. maculatus. The final comprehensive ranking using RefFinder identified GST and TBP as the best reference genes for all the developmental stages of C. maculatus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report which evaluates and validates stable reference genes in C. maculatus. The information of stage-specific gene expression, generated in this study will be useful for future molecular, physiological, and biochemical studies on C. maculatus and other closely related bruchids.
{"title":"Identification and validation of stage-specific reference genes for gene expression analysis in Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)","authors":"Gagandeep Singh Brar , Gurmeet Kaur , Satnam Singh , Jayendra Nath Shukla , Suneet Pandher","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In light of a number of recent studies highlighting the increasing research interest in bruchids, it is crucial to validate suitable reference genes that could be used in quantitative gene expression studies. <span><em>Callosobruchus maculatus</em></span> is a serious pest of stored grains and field legumes in which reference genes have not been assessed and validated to date. The present study aimed to identify and validate reference genes in different developmental stages of <em>C. maculatus</em> shortlisted from commonly used reference genes such as <span><span><span><em>VATPase</em><em>, TRIP12, </em></span><em>TBP</em><em>, TF11D, ACTIN, </em></span><em>GST</em><span><em>, ANNEXIN, PTCD3, </em><em>RPL32</em><em>,</em></span></span> and <em>β -Tub</em> in various insects. Dedicated algorithms like GeNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper were used to analyze the stability of these candidate genes, which revealed <em>GST</em> for third instar, <em>ANNEXIN</em> and <em>PTCD3</em> for the fourth instar, <em>TF11D</em> and <em>VATPase</em> for male pupa, <em>RPL32</em> and <em>β-tub</em> for female pupa, <em>β-tub</em> and <em>TBP</em> for adult male and <em>VATPase</em> and <em>GST</em> for adult females as suitable reference genes for expression studies in <em>C. maculatus.</em> The final comprehensive ranking using RefFinder identified <em>GST</em> and <em>TBP</em> as the best reference genes for all the developmental stages of <em>C. maculatus</em>. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report which evaluates and validates stable reference genes in <em>C. maculatus</em>. The information of stage-specific gene expression, generated in this study will be useful for future molecular, physiological, and biochemical studies on <em>C. maculatus</em> and other closely related bruchids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39892410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119216
Ji-Seong Kim , Minjeong Jang , Hualin Nie , Jeongeun Lee , Eunhye Hong , Su-Jung Kim , Sun Hyung Kim
MADS-box genes are important transcription factors affecting overall development, but their role in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] has not been fully studied. This study isolated six novel MADS-box genes (IbSOC1, IbFUL1, IbAGL6, IbSVP1, IbSVP2, and IbSVP3) from sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. cv. Annouimo] during the early root differentiation stage using the de novo transcriptome assembly sequencing method. At the early root differentiation (between 0 and 3 days after transplanting), the IbSOC1, IbFUL1, and IbSVP2 genes decreased rapidly, whereas the IbSVP3 gene decreased gradually. In the early stages of root formation (0–30 days), the levels of IbSVP1 and IbSVP3 expression were steady, but the levels of IbSOC1 expression decreased gradually. The expression of six novel genes was also conducted in the tuberous root formation stage (30–90 days), and the IbSVP3 gene increased significantly according to the formation of the tuberous root. Six novel MADS-box genes that were believed to influence the entire root formation of sweet potato were isolated from the sweet potato. This study provides a genetic basis for further research on sweet potato root formation and development.
{"title":"Differential expression pattern of novel MADS-box genes in early root formation and differentiation of sweet potato","authors":"Ji-Seong Kim , Minjeong Jang , Hualin Nie , Jeongeun Lee , Eunhye Hong , Su-Jung Kim , Sun Hyung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>MADS-box genes are important transcription factors affecting overall development, but their role in sweet potato [<span><em>Ipomoea</em><em> batata</em></span>s (L.) Lam.] has not been fully studied. This study isolated six novel MADS-box genes (<em>IbSOC1</em>, <em>IbFUL1</em>, <em>IbAGL6</em>, <em>IbSVP1</em>, <em>IbSVP2</em>, and <em>IbSVP3</em>) from sweet potato [<em>Ipomoea batata</em>s (L.) Lam. cv. Annouimo] during the early root differentiation stage using the <em>de novo</em><span> transcriptome assembly sequencing method. At the early root differentiation (between 0 and 3 days after transplanting), the </span><em>IbSOC1</em>, <em>IbFUL1</em>, and <em>IbSVP2</em> genes decreased rapidly, whereas the <em>IbSVP3</em> gene decreased gradually. In the early stages of root formation (0–30 days), the levels of <em>IbSVP1</em> and <em>IbSVP3</em> expression were steady, but the levels of <em>IbSOC1</em> expression decreased gradually. The expression of six novel genes was also conducted in the tuberous root formation stage (30–90 days), and the <em>IbSVP3</em><span> gene increased significantly according to the formation of the tuberous root. Six novel MADS-box genes that were believed to influence the entire root formation of sweet potato were isolated from the sweet potato. This study provides a genetic basis for further research on sweet potato root formation and development.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39727970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119218
Huihui Wang , Xia Wang , Taotao Li , Xuejiao An , De'en Yin , Nana Chen , Youji Ma
Normal spermatogenesis is heavily dependent on the balance of germ cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 B (CDKN1B) are strongly associated with cell cycle transition from G0/G1 to S and G2/M phase and hence regulating the growth and development of testicular germ cells and somatic cells. The current study was aimed at seeking out scientific evidence to determine if GDF9 and CDKN1B gene expression functions in the development of Tibetan sheep testes. To this end, developmental testes were derived from three-month-old (pre-puberty), one-year-old (sexual maturity), and three-year-old (adult) Tibetan sheep and then the expression and localization patterns of GDF9 and CDKN1B in these testes were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence. qRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that GDF9 and CDKN1B were detected in the testes throughout the different developmental stages. The abundance of GDF9 mRNA and protein in the testes of one- and three-year-old Tibetan sheep were higher than that in the testes of three-month-old Tibetan sheep; the mRNA and protein abundance of the CDKN1B gene in three-month-old Tibetan sheep testes were higher than that in the testes of the one-and three-year-old sheep. Moreover, immunofluorescence results suggested that the GDF9 protein was expressed in spermatogonia and Leydig cells, and that the CDKN1B protein was localized mainly in Leydig cells with some in the seminiferous epithelium throughout developmental stages. This indicated a novel role of the GDF9 and CDKN1B genes in Leydig cell development over and above their known roles in germ cell development. These findings have significant implications for our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of GDF9 and CDKN1B genes in Tibetan sheep spermatogenesis.
正常的精子发生在很大程度上依赖于生殖细胞增殖、分化和凋亡的平衡。生长分化因子9 (GDF9)和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1 B (CDKN1B)与细胞周期从G0/G1期向S期和G2/M期过渡密切相关,从而调节睾丸生殖细胞和体细胞的生长发育。目前的研究旨在寻找科学证据,以确定GDF9和CDKN1B基因表达是否在藏羊睾丸发育中起作用。为此,选取3月龄(青春期前)、1月龄(性成熟)和3岁(成年)藏羊的发育睾丸,采用实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)、Western blot和免疫荧光技术检测GDF9和CDKN1B在这些睾丸中的表达和定位模式。qRT-PCR和Western blot结果显示,在不同发育阶段的睾丸中均检测到GDF9和CDKN1B。1岁和3岁藏羊睾丸中GDF9 mRNA和蛋白的丰度高于3月龄藏羊;3月龄藏羊睾丸CDKN1B基因mRNA和蛋白丰度均高于1岁和3岁藏羊睾丸。此外,免疫荧光结果表明,GDF9蛋白在精原细胞和间质细胞中表达,CDKN1B蛋白在整个发育阶段主要定位于间质细胞,部分位于精原上皮。这表明GDF9和CDKN1B基因在间质细胞发育中的新作用超出了它们在生殖细胞发育中的已知作用。这些发现对我们理解GDF9和CDKN1B基因在藏羊精子发生中的分子机制具有重要意义。
{"title":"Regulation of GDF9 and CDKN1B expression in Tibetan sheep testes during different stages of maturity","authors":"Huihui Wang , Xia Wang , Taotao Li , Xuejiao An , De'en Yin , Nana Chen , Youji Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Normal spermatogenesis<span> is heavily dependent on the balance of germ cell proliferation<span>, differentiation and apoptosis. Growth differentiation factor 9 (</span></span></span><em>GDF9)</em> and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 B (<em>CDKN1B</em><span>) are strongly associated with cell cycle transition from G0/G1 to S and G2/M phase and hence regulating the growth and development<span> of testicular germ cells and somatic cells. The current study was aimed at seeking out scientific evidence to determine if </span></span><em>GDF9</em> and <em>CDKN1B</em> gene expression functions in the development of Tibetan sheep testes. To this end, developmental testes were derived from three-month-old (pre-puberty), one-year-old (sexual maturity), and three-year-old (adult) Tibetan sheep and then the expression and localization patterns of <em>GDF9</em> and <em>CDKN1B</em><span> in these testes were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescence. qRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that </span><em>GDF9</em> and <em>CDKN1B</em> were detected in the testes throughout the different developmental stages. The abundance of <em>GDF9</em> mRNA and protein in the testes of one- and three-year-old Tibetan sheep were higher than that in the testes of three-month-old Tibetan sheep; the mRNA and protein abundance of the <em>CDKN1B</em><span><span> gene in three-month-old Tibetan sheep testes were higher than that in the testes of the one-and three-year-old sheep. Moreover, immunofluorescence results suggested that the GDF9 protein was expressed in spermatogonia and </span>Leydig cells, and that the CDKN1B protein was localized mainly in Leydig cells with some in the seminiferous epithelium throughout developmental stages. This indicated a novel role of the </span><em>GDF9</em> and <em>CDKN1B</em> genes in Leydig cell development over and above their known roles in germ cell development. These findings have significant implications for our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of <em>GDF9</em> and <em>CDKN1B</em> genes in Tibetan sheep spermatogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39928862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2022.119231
Chunxin Fan , Yajing Ouyang , Xiaoyi Yuan , Jian Wang
Zebrafish lateral line system which is derived from neurogenic placodes has become a popular model for developmental biology since its formation involves cell migration, pattern formation, organogenesis, and hair cell regeneration. Transgenic lines play a crucial role in lateral line system study. Here, we identified an enhancer trap transgenic zebrafish line Et(gata2a:EGFP)189b (ET189b for short), which expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in the pituitary, otic, and lateral line placodes and their derivatives. Especially, in neuromast, the accessory cells rather than hair cells were labeled by EGFP. Furthermore, we found the Tol2 transposon construct is integrated at the proximal upstream region of six2b gene locus. And EGFP expression of ET189b closely reflects the expression of endogenous six2b during development and after dkk1b over-expression. Taken together, our results indicated that ET189b is an ideal line for research on lateral line development and regulation of six2b expression.
{"title":"An enhancer trap zebrafish line for lateral line development and regulation of six2b expression","authors":"Chunxin Fan , Yajing Ouyang , Xiaoyi Yuan , Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Zebrafish lateral line system which is derived from </span>neurogenic placodes<span> has become a popular model for developmental biology since its formation involves cell migration, pattern formation, organogenesis<span><span>, and hair cell regeneration. </span>Transgenic<span> lines play a crucial role in lateral line system study. Here, we identified an enhancer trap<span> transgenic zebrafish line </span></span></span></span></span><em>Et(gata2a:EGFP)189b</em><span> (ET189b for short), which expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in the pituitary, otic, and lateral line placodes and their derivatives. Especially, in neuromast, the accessory cells rather than hair cells were labeled by EGFP</span><em>.</em><span> Furthermore, we found the Tol2 transposon construct is integrated at the proximal upstream region of </span><em>six2b</em><span> gene locus. And EGFP expression of ET189b closely reflects the expression of endogenous </span><em>six2b</em> during development and after <em>dkk1b</em> over-expression. Taken together, our results indicated that ET189b is an ideal line for research on lateral line development and regulation of <em>six2b</em> expression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39907253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2022.119232
Kosei Sato, Daisuke Yamamoto
The fruitless gene of Drosophila produces multiple protein isoforms, which are classified into two major classes, sex-specific Fru proteins (FruM) and non-sex specific proteins (FruCOM). Whereas FruM proteins are expressed in ∼2000 neurons to masculinize their structure and function, little is known about FruCOM's roles. As an attempt to obtain clues to the roles of FruCOM, we compared expression patterns of FruCOM and FruM in the central nervous system at the late larval stage. We found that nearly all neuroblasts express FruCOM but not FruM, whereas a subset of ganglion mother cells and differentiated neurons express FruM but not FruCOM. It is inferred that FruCOM proteins support fundamental stem cell functions, contrasting to FruM proteins, which play major roles in sex-specific differentiation of neurons.
{"title":"Mutually exclusive expression of sex-specific and non-sex-specific fruitless gene products in the Drosophila central nervous system","authors":"Kosei Sato, Daisuke Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2022.119232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>fruitless</em> gene of <em>Drosophila</em> produces multiple protein isoforms, which are classified into two major classes, sex-specific Fru proteins (FruM) and non-sex specific proteins (FruCOM). Whereas FruM proteins are expressed in ∼2000 neurons to masculinize their structure and function, little is known about FruCOM's roles. As an attempt to obtain clues to the roles of FruCOM, we compared expression patterns of FruCOM and FruM in the central nervous system at the late larval stage. We found that nearly all neuroblasts express FruCOM but not FruM, whereas a subset of ganglion mother cells and differentiated neurons express FruM but not FruCOM. It is inferred that FruCOM proteins support fundamental stem cell functions, contrasting to FruM proteins, which play major roles in sex-specific differentiation of neurons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567133X22000023/pdfft?md5=f46aba4245209e007e5bf4271967a018&pid=1-s2.0-S1567133X22000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39892411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119226
Shuna Sun , Ziyin Liu , Qiu Jiang , Yunzeng Zou
TBC1D10 subfamily has three members TBC1D10A-C, with the physiological and pathological functions such as melanosome transport, exosome secretion, and T-cell activation. However, the gene expression patterns and functions of this subfamily during embryonic development remain mysterious. In this study, we took advantage of zebrafish model to elucidate the spatial and temporal expression patterns of TBC1D10 subfamily genes including tbc1d10aa, tbc1d10ab, tbc1d10b, and tbc1d10c. Whole-mount in situ hybridization results showed robust tbc1d10aa expression and faint tbc1d10b expression as maternal transcripts except tbc1d10ab and tbc1d10c. In addition to pectoral fins, otic vesicles, and pharyngeal arch tissues, varying degrees of expression of all four subfamily members were observed in brain tissues and eyes (retinal inner nuclear layer). Besides, tbc1d10ab exhibited unique and enriched expression in the developing liver. Despite genetic conservativeness, all four members of zebrafish TBC1D10 subfamily shared several similarities and exhibited some distinctions in the expression patterns, indicating that they might have different and exclusive functions to be further explored.
{"title":"Embryonic expression patterns of TBC1D10 subfamily genes in zebrafish","authors":"Shuna Sun , Ziyin Liu , Qiu Jiang , Yunzeng Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>TBC1D10 subfamily has three members TBC1D10A-C, with the physiological and pathological functions such as melanosome transport, exosome secretion, and T-cell activation. However, the gene expression patterns and functions of this subfamily during </span>embryonic development remain mysterious. In this study, we took advantage of zebrafish model to elucidate the spatial and temporal expression patterns of </span><em>TBC1D10</em> subfamily genes including <em>tbc1d10aa</em>, <em>tbc1d10ab</em>, <em>tbc1d10b</em>, and <em>tbc1d10c</em>. Whole-mount <em>in situ</em> hybridization results showed robust <em>tbc1d10aa</em> expression and faint <em>tbc1d10b</em> expression as maternal transcripts except <em>tbc1d10ab</em> and <em>tbc1d10c</em><span>. In addition to pectoral fins, otic vesicles<span>, and pharyngeal arch tissues, varying degrees of expression of all four subfamily members were observed in brain tissues and eyes (retinal inner nuclear layer). Besides, </span></span><em>tbc1d10ab</em><span> exhibited unique and enriched expression in the developing liver. Despite genetic conservativeness, all four members of zebrafish </span><em>TBC1D10</em> subfamily shared several similarities and exhibited some distinctions in the expression patterns, indicating that they might have different and exclusive functions to be further explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39677079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119229
Wei-Qian Wang , Shi-Wei Qiu , Sha-Sha Huang , Guo-Jian Wang , Ming-Yu Han , Dong-Yang Kang , Yong-Yi Yuan , Xue Gao , Pu Dai
Background
IFNLR1 has been recently identified to be related to autosomal dominant nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss (ADNSHL). It is reported to be expressed in the inner ear of mice and the lateral line of zebrafish. However, it remains unclear how defects in this gene lead to hearing loss.
Objectives
To elucidate the global gene expression changes in zebrafish when the expression of ifnlr1 is downregulated.
Methods
Transcriptome analysis was performed on ifnlr1 morpholino knockdown zebrafish and the control zebrafish using RNA-seq technology.
Results
The results show that 262 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated while 146 DEGs were down-regulated in the E4I4–Mo zebrafish larvae compared to the control-Mo. Six pathways were significantly enriched, including steroid biosynthesis pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, p53 signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway. Among them, three pathways (steroid biosynthesis pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway and p53 signaling pathway) are immune-associated.
Conclusions
The transcriptome analysis results contribute to the groundwork for future research on the pathogenesis of IFNLR1-associated hearing loss.
{"title":"Transcriptome analysis of the early stage ifnlr1-mutant zebrafish indicates the immune response to auditory dysfunction","authors":"Wei-Qian Wang , Shi-Wei Qiu , Sha-Sha Huang , Guo-Jian Wang , Ming-Yu Han , Dong-Yang Kang , Yong-Yi Yuan , Xue Gao , Pu Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>IFNLR1</em> has been recently identified to be related to autosomal dominant nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss (ADNSHL). It is reported to be expressed in the inner ear of mice and the lateral line of zebrafish. However, it remains unclear how defects in this gene lead to hearing loss.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To elucidate the global gene expression changes in zebrafish when the expression of <em>ifnlr1</em> is downregulated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Transcriptome analysis was performed on <em>ifnlr1</em> morpholino knockdown zebrafish and the control zebrafish using RNA-seq technology.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results show that 262 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated while 146 DEGs were down-regulated in the E4I4–Mo zebrafish larvae compared to the control-Mo. Six pathways were significantly enriched, including steroid biosynthesis pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, p53 signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway. Among them, three pathways (steroid biosynthesis pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway and p53 signaling pathway) are immune-associated.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The transcriptome analysis results contribute to the groundwork for future research on the pathogenesis of <em>IFNLR1</em>-associated hearing loss.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567133X21000648/pdfft?md5=806c4499c311fe96d02dc44d6c77631a&pid=1-s2.0-S1567133X21000648-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39650643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119227
Jeffry Cesario, Sara Ha, Julie Kim, Niam Kataria, Juhee Jeong
Craniofacial development is controlled by a large number of genes, which interact with one another to form a complex gene regulatory network (GRN). Key components of GRN are signaling molecules and transcription factors. Therefore, identifying targets of core transcription factors is an important part of the overall efforts toward building a comprehensive and accurate model of GRN. LHX6 and LHX8 are transcription factors expressed in the oral mesenchyme of the first pharyngeal arch (PA1), and they are crucial regulators of palate and tooth development. Previously, we performed genome-wide transcriptional profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation to identify target genes of LHX6 and LHX8 in PA1, and described a set of genes repressed by LHX. However, there has not been any discussion of the genes positively regulated by LHX6 and LHX8. In this paper, we revisited the above datasets to identify candidate positive targets of LHX in PA1. Focusing on those with known connections to craniofacial development, we performed RNA in situ hybridization to confirm the changes in expression in Lhx6;Lhx8 mutant. We also confirmed the binding of LHX6 to several putative enhancers near the candidate target genes. Together, we have uncovered novel connections between Lhx and other important regulators of craniofacial development, including Eya1, Barx1, Rspo2, Rspo3, and Wnt11.
{"title":"Candidate positive targets of LHX6 and LHX8 transcription factors in the developing upper jaw","authors":"Jeffry Cesario, Sara Ha, Julie Kim, Niam Kataria, Juhee Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gep.2021.119227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Craniofacial development is controlled by a large number of genes, which interact with one another to form a complex </span>gene regulatory network<span><span> (GRN). Key components of GRN are signaling molecules and transcription factors. Therefore, identifying targets of core transcription factors is an important part of the overall efforts toward building a comprehensive and accurate model of GRN. LHX6 and LHX8 are transcription factors expressed in the oral mesenchyme of the first </span>pharyngeal arch<span><span> (PA1), and they are crucial regulators of palate and tooth development. Previously, we performed genome-wide transcriptional profiling and chromatin </span>immunoprecipitation to identify target genes of LHX6 and LHX8 in PA1, and described a set of genes repressed by </span></span></span>LHX<span>. However, there has not been any discussion of the genes positively regulated by LHX6 and LHX8. In this paper, we revisited the above datasets to identify candidate positive targets of LHX in PA1. Focusing on those with known connections to craniofacial development, we performed RNA<span> in situ hybridization to confirm the changes in expression in </span></span></span><em>Lhx6;Lhx8</em> mutant. We also confirmed the binding of LHX6 to several putative enhancers near the candidate target genes. Together, we have uncovered novel connections between <em>Lhx</em> and other important regulators of craniofacial development, including <em>Eya1, Barx1, Rspo2, Rspo3</em>, and <em>Wnt11</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55598,"journal":{"name":"Gene Expression Patterns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9373785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}