Ambroxol HCl is a mucolytic agent often used to treat respiratory disorders associated with excess mucus secretion. This study aims to determine the beyond-use date (BUD) of ambroxol HCl syrup on the market based on analysis of the decrease in drug content using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) – UV/Vis detector. The HPLC conditions were reversed-phase with a C18 column, mobile phase containing acetonitrile - phosphate buffer 0.05 M pH 4.5 (60:40) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min using UV detection at 248 nm. To determine BUD, five syrup preparations (brands) obtained from the Jakarta area were analyzed in triplicate. The retention time for ambroxol HCl was 4.62 minutes. In the validation, ambroxol HCl showed good linearity with r = 0.99985 in the 6 to 36 µg/ml. LOD and LOQ for ambroxol HCl were 0.74 µg/ml and 2.25 µg/ml, respectively. It is also fulfilled the accuracy and precision parameters with a % recovery from 99.04% to 100.94% and CV<2%. This method meets the requirements according to the ICH Q2(R1) guidelines and can be used for the assay of ambroxol HCl syrup. The ambroxol HCl level on all samples was still higher than 90% (until the 36th day). Normality test data result indicated that data must be divided into two groups that are sample A and B, and sample C, D, and E. In conclusion, the extrapolation result showed that the BUD ambroxol HCl syrup was 83 days for sample A and B, and 49 days for sample C, D, and E.
{"title":"Beyond Use Date (BUD) Determination of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Syrup by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – UV/VIS Detector","authors":"Catur Jatmika, R. Iswandana, I. D. Lestari","doi":"10.7454/psr.v10i1.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v10i1.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Ambroxol HCl is a mucolytic agent often used to treat respiratory disorders associated with excess mucus secretion. This study aims to determine the beyond-use date (BUD) of ambroxol HCl syrup on the market based on analysis of the decrease in drug content using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) – UV/Vis detector. The HPLC conditions were reversed-phase with a C18 column, mobile phase containing acetonitrile - phosphate buffer 0.05 M pH 4.5 (60:40) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min using UV detection at 248 nm. To determine BUD, five syrup preparations (brands) obtained from the Jakarta area were analyzed in triplicate. The retention time for ambroxol HCl was 4.62 minutes. In the validation, ambroxol HCl showed good linearity with r = 0.99985 in the 6 to 36 µg/ml. LOD and LOQ for ambroxol HCl were 0.74 µg/ml and 2.25 µg/ml, respectively. It is also fulfilled the accuracy and precision parameters with a % recovery from 99.04% to 100.94% and CV<2%. This method meets the requirements according to the ICH Q2(R1) guidelines and can be used for the assay of ambroxol HCl syrup. The ambroxol HCl level on all samples was still higher than 90% (until the 36th day). Normality test data result indicated that data must be divided into two groups that are sample A and B, and sample C, D, and E. In conclusion, the extrapolation result showed that the BUD ambroxol HCl syrup was 83 days for sample A and B, and 49 days for sample C, D, and E.","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47066258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterisation and Antibacterial Activity of Green Tea Extract-Enriched Solid Goat’s Milk Soap","authors":"","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i3.1257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i3.1257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46776740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formulation of Pectin-Based Double Layer-Coated Tablets Containing Dexamethasone and Probiotics for Inflammatory Bowel Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i3.1285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i3.1285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48382620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Purnamayanti, Marisca Krisyanti Budipramana, Evalina Gondokesumo, M. Prof. Rani Sauriasari, Med, Pharm Sci
The Clitoria ternatea flower, known as bunga telang in Indonesia, is commonly mixed with food and beverages to provide a natural blue colour. Aside from its popular culinary use, it is a traditional medicine in Indonesia for diseases in the eyes, urinary tract and skin, as well as functioning as an anti-toxin. Furthermore, recent advances in science and technology have revealed that the C. ternatea flower contains a high level of polyphenol compounds that possess anticancer activity, including saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, kaempferol, and quercetin. This review aims to identify and analyse recent articles regarding the phytochemical activities of C. ternatea flower extract as an anticancer agent. The literature on main databases from 2011 to 2021 was searched systematically using the keywords “Anticancer activity of Clitorea ternatea ” and “Phytochemical activities of Clitorea ternatea flower extract against cancer cells”. The various extracts of C. ternatea flower display a moderate cytotoxic, IC 50 = 21 µg/mL — 200 µg/mL, for many cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, CaoV-3, HEp-G2 in aquadest extract and the DLA cell line in petroleum ether extract. The bioactive compounds responsible for the anticancer effect include ternatins, delphinidin, kaempferol, quercetin, sitosterol, and tocopherols. In addition, there have been no reports of any toxic effect on normal cells (Hs27) and oral consumption in mice. According to many studies, the extract is active on multi-molecular targets, with the most conclusive effect on polymerase enzymes, whose inhibition can be an important therapeutic strategy to treat hyperproliferation in cell cancer. Therefore, the findings suggest a potential application of C. ternatea for cancer treatment.
{"title":"The Potential Application of Clitoria ternatea for Cancer Treatment","authors":"A. Purnamayanti, Marisca Krisyanti Budipramana, Evalina Gondokesumo, M. Prof. Rani Sauriasari, Med, Pharm Sci","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i3.1253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i3.1253","url":null,"abstract":"The Clitoria ternatea flower, known as bunga telang in Indonesia, is commonly mixed with food and beverages to provide a natural blue colour. Aside from its popular culinary use, it is a traditional medicine in Indonesia for diseases in the eyes, urinary tract and skin, as well as functioning as an anti-toxin. Furthermore, recent advances in science and technology have revealed that the C. ternatea flower contains a high level of polyphenol compounds that possess anticancer activity, including saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, kaempferol, and quercetin. This review aims to identify and analyse recent articles regarding the phytochemical activities of C. ternatea flower extract as an anticancer agent. The literature on main databases from 2011 to 2021 was searched systematically using the keywords “Anticancer activity of Clitorea ternatea ” and “Phytochemical activities of Clitorea ternatea flower extract against cancer cells”. The various extracts of C. ternatea flower display a moderate cytotoxic, IC 50 = 21 µg/mL — 200 µg/mL, for many cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, CaoV-3, HEp-G2 in aquadest extract and the DLA cell line in petroleum ether extract. The bioactive compounds responsible for the anticancer effect include ternatins, delphinidin, kaempferol, quercetin, sitosterol, and tocopherols. In addition, there have been no reports of any toxic effect on normal cells (Hs27) and oral consumption in mice. According to many studies, the extract is active on multi-molecular targets, with the most conclusive effect on polymerase enzymes, whose inhibition can be an important therapeutic strategy to treat hyperproliferation in cell cancer. Therefore, the findings suggest a potential application of C. ternatea for cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44434215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indana Ayu Soraya, R. Sauriasari, P. Prawiroharjo, H. W. Risni
Adherence to taking medication is essential for patients with chronic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). There have been many studies about the association between medication adherence and HbA1c levels, but few have used Adherence Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) questionnaire and Proportion of Days Covered (PDC) method to measure adherence in Indonesian population. The aim of this study were to assess the association of medication adherence to HbA1c levels and compare two methods of adherence measurements. This research was conducted at Pasar Minggu Public Health Center, Jakarta using a cross-sectional design. The adherence assessment was conducted using a validated Indonesian version of the ARMS questionnaire and compared to the pharmacy refill adherence method using the PDC calculation. One hundred twenty-seven T2DM patients (75.6% female) with mean age of 58.69 years were recruited. The proportion of adhere patients as measured by ARMS was only 39.4% (50/127). Meanwhile, the proportion of adhere patients as measured by PDC was 77.2% (98/127). Adherence by both measurement showed significant association s with HbA1c <7% (ARMS, OR 4.000 (95% CI 1.705 – 9.386 ) , p = 0.002; PDC, OR 5.674 (95% CI 1.266 – 25.438), p = 0.024). After controlled by covariates, the result remained significant (ARMS, a OR 4. 281 (95% CI 1.78 5 – 10.267, p = 0.00 1 ; PDC, a OR 5. 83 (95% CI 1.287 – 2 6.4 05), p = 0.02 2). Adherence and HbA1c levels was significantly associated even after controlling covariates. ARMS and PDC generated different proportions of adhere patients and may indicate the need of combining the two methods in measuring adherence.
{"title":"The Association between Adherence to Oral Antihyperglycemic Agent and HbA1c Level","authors":"Indana Ayu Soraya, R. Sauriasari, P. Prawiroharjo, H. W. Risni","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i2.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i2.1260","url":null,"abstract":"Adherence to taking medication is essential for patients with chronic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). There have been many studies about the association between medication adherence and HbA1c levels, but few have used Adherence Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) questionnaire and Proportion of Days Covered (PDC) method to measure adherence in Indonesian population. The aim of this study were to assess the association of medication adherence to HbA1c levels and compare two methods of adherence measurements. This research was conducted at Pasar Minggu Public Health Center, Jakarta using a cross-sectional design. The adherence assessment was conducted using a validated Indonesian version of the ARMS questionnaire and compared to the pharmacy refill adherence method using the PDC calculation. One hundred twenty-seven T2DM patients (75.6% female) with mean age of 58.69 years were recruited. The proportion of adhere patients as measured by ARMS was only 39.4% (50/127). Meanwhile, the proportion of adhere patients as measured by PDC was 77.2% (98/127). Adherence by both measurement showed significant association s with HbA1c <7% (ARMS, OR 4.000 (95% CI 1.705 – 9.386 ) , p = 0.002; PDC, OR 5.674 (95% CI 1.266 – 25.438), p = 0.024). After controlled by covariates, the result remained significant (ARMS, a OR 4. 281 (95% CI 1.78 5 – 10.267, p = 0.00 1 ; PDC, a OR 5. 83 (95% CI 1.287 – 2 6.4 05), p = 0.02 2). Adherence and HbA1c levels was significantly associated even after controlling covariates. ARMS and PDC generated different proportions of adhere patients and may indicate the need of combining the two methods in measuring adherence.","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43135861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The leaves and stem woods of Synadenium glaucescens Pax. are traditionally used for treatment of various human diseases in Tanzania. However, there is limited information on the structural elucidation and toxicity properties of bioactive compounds responsible for their pharmacological properties. Thus, this study was aimed to elucidate and evaluate toxicity properties of bioactive compounds from these parts. Separation of bioactive compounds was achieved by using column chromatographic method, whereas their structures were determined by GC-MS and NMR data and by comparing with literature spectroscopic data. Toxicity properties of isolated compounds was done by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. In this study, column chromatographic separation led to isolation of tetracosane (1), hexadecyl palmitate (2), octacosane (3), tetracosanol (4) and β-sitosterol (5) from the leaves and 1-hexacosene (6), campesterol (7), octadecanoic acid (8) and tetracosanoic acid (9) from the stem woods. BSLT of compounds isolated in sufficient amount (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7) were revealed to be non-toxic to brine shrimp larvae (LC 50 >100 µg/ml). Except compound 5, this study reports the isolation of other eight (8) compounds for the first time from this plant. Therefore, it can be reasonably concluded that S. glaucescens is a good source of bioactive compounds which justify its traditional uses in treatment of various ailments. Additionally, observed non-toxic effect of the tested compounds indicates safety and it is expected that its traditional use has no toxicity effect.
{"title":"Structural Elucidation and Toxicity Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds from the Leaves and Stem woods of Synadenium glaucescens Pax.","authors":"D. Credo, F. Mabiki, F. Machumi, C. Cornett","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i2.1262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i2.1262","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves and stem woods of Synadenium glaucescens Pax. are traditionally used for treatment of various human diseases in Tanzania. However, there is limited information on the structural elucidation and toxicity properties of bioactive compounds responsible for their pharmacological properties. Thus, this study was aimed to elucidate and evaluate toxicity properties of bioactive compounds from these parts. Separation of bioactive compounds was achieved by using column chromatographic method, whereas their structures were determined by GC-MS and NMR data and by comparing with literature spectroscopic data. Toxicity properties of isolated compounds was done by brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. In this study, column chromatographic separation led to isolation of tetracosane (1), hexadecyl palmitate (2), octacosane (3), tetracosanol (4) and β-sitosterol (5) from the leaves and 1-hexacosene (6), campesterol (7), octadecanoic acid (8) and tetracosanoic acid (9) from the stem woods. BSLT of compounds isolated in sufficient amount (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7) were revealed to be non-toxic to brine shrimp larvae (LC 50 >100 µg/ml). Except compound 5, this study reports the isolation of other eight (8) compounds for the first time from this plant. Therefore, it can be reasonably concluded that S. glaucescens is a good source of bioactive compounds which justify its traditional uses in treatment of various ailments. Additionally, observed non-toxic effect of the tested compounds indicates safety and it is expected that its traditional use has no toxicity effect.","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45731312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva Sartika Dasopang, Ida Fauziah, Fenny Hasanah, Desy Natalia Siahaan, Dina Yunisma, Rasyida Lubis
A pharmacy, aside from being a pharmaceutical care provider is also a functioning business. Thus, in the scope of business, pharmacy performance can be analysed using liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study aimed to determine the performance of Pharmacy X based on a financial perspective before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study that employed data obtained from sales and purchase records. The data were analysed using financial ratio analysis methods, including liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study was conducted at Pharmacy X based on the amount of prescription and non-prescription income from before the COVID-19 pandemic (in 2019) and during the pandemic (in 2020). The results showed that Pharmacy X was not good at managing its current assets and current liabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results for the ratios of total asset turnover and fixed asset turnover, asset utilisation was less efficient. Analysis of the probability ratios and net profit margin showed a decrease in Pharmacy X’s profit during the pandemic. The Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Return on Investment (ROI) values indicated that the business was less able to generate profits and net income from its invested capital.
{"title":"Pharmacy Performance Based on Financial Perspective Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic : A Case Study","authors":"Eva Sartika Dasopang, Ida Fauziah, Fenny Hasanah, Desy Natalia Siahaan, Dina Yunisma, Rasyida Lubis","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i2.1221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i2.1221","url":null,"abstract":"A pharmacy, aside from being a pharmaceutical care provider is also a functioning business. Thus, in the scope of business, pharmacy performance can be analysed using liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study aimed to determine the performance of Pharmacy X based on a financial perspective before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study that employed data obtained from sales and purchase records. The data were analysed using financial ratio analysis methods, including liquidity, activity, and profitability ratios. This study was conducted at Pharmacy X based on the amount of prescription and non-prescription income from before the COVID-19 pandemic (in 2019) and during the pandemic (in 2020). The results showed that Pharmacy X was not good at managing its current assets and current liabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results for the ratios of total asset turnover and fixed asset turnover, asset utilisation was less efficient. Analysis of the probability ratios and net profit margin showed a decrease in Pharmacy X’s profit during the pandemic. The Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Return on Investment (ROI) values indicated that the business was less able to generate profits and net income from its invested capital.","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46513019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Masyrifah, R. Andrajati, Linda Triana Yudhorini
Sepsis still becomes a major health problem worldwide, with a fairly high mortality rate ranging from 20 to 50%. Antibiotic therapy with rational use can reduce the mortality rate. In contrast, the irrational use of antibiotic therapy will increase the occurrence of resistance, which impacts the increase of morbidity, mortality, and health costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality in the use of antibiotics using the Gyssens method in patients with sepsis. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional method conducted at Fatmawati Central General Hospital Jakarta from January to December 2020. The research subjects were 110 patients with sepsis who met the inclusion criteria. In this study, 49.09% of patients used rational antibiotics and 50.91% of patients used irrational antibiotics that were found in category VI (0.91%), V (17.28%), IVa (3.63%), IVb (0.91%), IVc (0.91%), IIIa (3.63%), IIIb (20%), IIa (0.91%), and IIb (2.73%). The duration of antibiotic therapy was the only factor that affected the quality of antibiotic use (p = 0.012) . There was no difference in mortality between patients with rational and irrational use of antibiotics (p = 0.333, OR = 1.654, 95% CI 0.714-3.829). However, after adjusting for the duration of therapy, irrational use of antibiotics significantly affected mortality (p = 0.017, OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.255-9.761). In conclusion, the antibiotic use in half of the sepsis patients were irrational. Since irrational use was associated with mortality, efforts need to be taken to improve the quality of antibiotic use.
脓毒症仍然是世界范围内的一个主要健康问题，死亡率相当高，从20%到50%不等。合理使用抗生素治疗可降低死亡率。相反，抗生素治疗的不合理使用会增加耐药性的发生，从而影响发病率、死亡率和卫生费用的增加。本研究的目的是评估使用Gyssens方法在脓毒症患者中使用抗生素的质量。本研究是一项观察性研究，采用横断面方法，于2020年1月至12月在雅加达法特玛瓦蒂中央总医院进行。研究对象为110例符合纳入标准的脓毒症患者。本研究中，49.09%的患者使用合理抗生素，50.91%的患者使用不合理抗生素，不合理抗生素包括VI类(0.91%)、V类(17.28%)、IVa类(3.63%)、IVb类(0.91%)、IVc类(0.91%)、IIIa类(3.63%)、IIIb类(20%)、IIa类(0.91%)、IIb类(2.73%)。抗生素治疗的持续时间是影响抗生素使用质量的唯一因素(p = 0.012)。合理和不合理使用抗生素患者的死亡率无差异(p = 0.333, OR = 1.654, 95% CI 0.714-3.829)。然而，在调整治疗时间后，不合理使用抗生素显著影响死亡率(p = 0.017, OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.155 -9.761)。结论:半数败血症患者抗生素使用不合理。由于不合理使用与死亡率有关，因此需要努力提高抗生素使用的质量。
{"title":"Qualitative Evaluation of Antibiotics Use with Gyssens Method in Sepsis Patients at Fatmawati Central General Hospital Jakarta","authors":"M. Masyrifah, R. Andrajati, Linda Triana Yudhorini","doi":"10.7454/psr.v9i2.1259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v9i2.1259","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis still becomes a major health problem worldwide, with a fairly high mortality rate ranging from 20 to 50%. Antibiotic therapy with rational use can reduce the mortality rate. In contrast, the irrational use of antibiotic therapy will increase the occurrence of resistance, which impacts the increase of morbidity, mortality, and health costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality in the use of antibiotics using the Gyssens method in patients with sepsis. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional method conducted at Fatmawati Central General Hospital Jakarta from January to December 2020. The research subjects were 110 patients with sepsis who met the inclusion criteria. In this study, 49.09% of patients used rational antibiotics and 50.91% of patients used irrational antibiotics that were found in category VI (0.91%), V (17.28%), IVa (3.63%), IVb (0.91%), IVc (0.91%), IIIa (3.63%), IIIb (20%), IIa (0.91%), and IIb (2.73%). The duration of antibiotic therapy was the only factor that affected the quality of antibiotic use (p = 0.012) . There was no difference in mortality between patients with rational and irrational use of antibiotics (p = 0.333, OR = 1.654, 95% CI 0.714-3.829). However, after adjusting for the duration of therapy, irrational use of antibiotics significantly affected mortality (p = 0.017, OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.255-9.761). In conclusion, the antibiotic use in half of the sepsis patients were irrational. Since irrational use was associated with mortality, efforts need to be taken to improve the quality of antibiotic use.","PeriodicalId":55754,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44174013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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