Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.032
N. Tsenov, T. Gubatov, I. Yanchev
Abstract. Data from different multi-environmental trails (MET) were analysed, including different number of varieties, number of locations and different research periods. The first experiment (24 PhD) included 24 wheat varieties that were studied in five locations of the country over a period of four years (2009-2012). The second field experiment (40 ABC) consists of 40 new advanced wheat lines and cultivars, which were studied in three locations over a three-year period (2017-2019). The grain yield datasets from the two experiments were used to make a direct comparison of various statistical parameters to assess the genotype stability against the background of significant growing conditions. The study involves the use of several statistical packages that are specialized for this purpose. Based on the ranking assessment of the values of each statistical parameter, a critical analysis was made of its relationship with the yield, for each dataset separately. For this purpose, the possibilities of correlation, principal component and cluster analyses were used. Parameters for which information differs between datasets or between statistical packages are removed from the analysis list. The final set of 31 parameters was analysed according to the set goal, after a statistically justified possibility to merge the two datasets. Most of the rank parameters do not show correlation with grain yield. The units are the parameters, the correlation of which is either positive (Pi, Ysi, TOP, λ) or, respectively, negative (DJi, NP(1), CVi]). The analysis of the data through different statistical approaches shows that the parameters correspond to the dynamic concept of stability assessment. Only one of the parameters (θi) is related to static stability assessment. In the presence of many more effective than it, it should not be applied because it is an exception from the analysed group. The groups of parameters of the regression coefficient (bi), the deviation from the regression line (s2di), ecovalence (W2i) and the stability variance (σ²i), give objective information about the behaviour of the variety in environmental conditions and it is not influenced by software. Some of the non-parametric [S(i) NP(i)] assessment methods provide diametrically opposed information for stability because of differences arising from either the dataset or the software used. Suitable for stability assessment are non-parametric approaches - [S(1) and S(2)], which is fully confirmed by the three software packages. Each of the used software packages contains a set of parameters, the application of which as a set gives correct information about all aspects of the wheat stability
{"title":"Comparison of statistical parameters for estimating the yield and stability of winter common wheat","authors":"N. Tsenov, T. Gubatov, I. Yanchev","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Data from different multi-environmental trails (MET) were analysed, including different number of varieties, number of locations and different research periods. The first experiment (24 PhD) included 24 wheat varieties that were studied in five locations of the country over a period of four years (2009-2012). The second field experiment (40 ABC) consists of 40 new advanced wheat lines and cultivars, which were studied in three locations over a three-year period (2017-2019). The grain yield datasets from the two experiments were used to make a direct comparison of various statistical parameters to assess the genotype stability against the background of significant growing conditions. The study involves the use of several statistical packages that are specialized for this purpose. Based on the ranking assessment of the values of each statistical parameter, a critical analysis was made of its relationship with the yield, for each dataset separately. For this purpose, the possibilities of correlation, principal component and cluster analyses were used. Parameters for which information differs between datasets or between statistical packages are removed from the analysis list. The final set of 31 parameters was analysed according to the set goal, after a statistically justified possibility to merge the two datasets. Most of the rank parameters do not show correlation with grain yield. The units are the parameters, the correlation of which is either positive (Pi, Ysi, TOP, λ) or, respectively, negative (DJi, NP(1), CVi]). The analysis of the data through different statistical approaches shows that the parameters correspond to the dynamic concept of stability assessment. Only one of the parameters (θi) is related to static stability assessment. In the presence of many more effective than it, it should not be applied because it is an exception from the analysed group. The groups of parameters of the regression coefficient (bi), the deviation from the regression line (s2di), ecovalence (W2i) and the stability variance (σ²i), give objective information about the behaviour of the variety in environmental conditions and it is not influenced by software. Some of the non-parametric [S(i) NP(i)] assessment methods provide diametrically opposed information for stability because of differences arising from either the dataset or the software used. Suitable for stability assessment are non-parametric approaches - [S(1) and S(2)], which is fully confirmed by the three software packages. Each of the used software packages contains a set of parameters, the application of which as a set gives correct information about all aspects of the wheat stability","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45176757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.039
M. Sadoud, J. Hocquette
Abstract. Beef production is an important activity in Algeria, mainly located in the coastal and plains areas in the North of the country. In order to determine the strategy of beef farmers, a survey of 102 bovine farms was carried out in the Grand Cheliff plains of Algeria. Through this survey, three major classes of farms were identified: 1) small-scale livestock farmers with moderate means of production, an average Bovine Livestock Unit (BLU) of 3.18 and a production cost of 572 AD/Kg; 2) medium-scale livestock farmers, selling their production directly on the market, with a BLU of 10 and a production cost of 623 AD/Kg; 3) large-scale milk-meat farmers, with an average BLU of 22, and a production cost of 581 AD/Kg. Despite good organizational and financial performances, beef production in Algeria remains fragile, subject to climatic changes and dependent on foreign markets for the supply of raw material and inputs which constitute a threat to its sustainability (1 € = 140 Dinars).
{"title":"Beef farming: farmers’ strategies in the Grand Cheliff plains of Algeria","authors":"M. Sadoud, J. Hocquette","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Beef production is an important activity in Algeria, mainly located in the coastal and plains areas in the North of the country. In order to determine the strategy of beef farmers, a survey of 102 bovine farms was carried out in the Grand Cheliff plains of Algeria. Through this survey, three major classes of farms were identified: 1) small-scale livestock farmers with moderate means of production, an average Bovine Livestock Unit (BLU) of 3.18 and a production cost of 572 AD/Kg; 2) medium-scale livestock farmers, selling their production directly on the market, with a BLU of 10 and a production cost of 623 AD/Kg; 3) large-scale milk-meat farmers, with an average BLU of 22, and a production cost of 581 AD/Kg. Despite good organizational and financial performances, beef production in Algeria remains fragile, subject to climatic changes and dependent on foreign markets for the supply of raw material and inputs which constitute a threat to its sustainability (1 € = 140 Dinars).","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45678538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.031
S. Slavova
Abstract. Selection is an important part of animal breeding and is usually performed on the basis of a set of traits, each of them characterized by its BV (breeding value) and EV (economic value). Different approaches have been used in recent years for the calculation of the economic values of traits - simple profit functions and more complex bio-economic models. The most common approach nowadays is the bio-economic modeling of the production system due to its precision, flexibility, the inclusion of many biological details reflecting the changes in genetic values on overall profitability. The objective of this review is to present and summarize research on calculation of economic values for dairy, meat and indigenous (multipurpose) sheep breeds using bio-economic models. According to the type of sheep production, various productive and functional characteristics have been studied. Of particular importance for the predominance of a particular trait over others in terms of its contribution to profit on farms are the breed, production system, climatic conditions, market determinants, demand and supply of sheep products, etc., which may undergo changes over time. For this reason, a recalculation of the economic importance of profit-related traits in sheep is needed for the adaptation of the breeding objectives of the enterprises according to their economic importance.
{"title":"Bio-economic models for deriving economic values for sheep: a review","authors":"S. Slavova","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Selection is an important part of animal breeding and is usually performed on the basis of a set of traits,\u0000each of them characterized by its BV (breeding value) and EV (economic value). Different approaches have been\u0000used in recent years for the calculation of the economic values of traits - simple profit functions and more complex\u0000bio-economic models. The most common approach nowadays is the bio-economic modeling of the production system\u0000due to its precision, flexibility, the inclusion of many biological details reflecting the changes in genetic values on overall\u0000profitability. The objective of this review is to present and summarize research on calculation of economic values\u0000for dairy, meat and indigenous (multipurpose) sheep breeds using bio-economic models. According to the type of\u0000sheep production, various productive and functional characteristics have been studied. Of particular importance for the\u0000predominance of a particular trait over others in terms of its contribution to profit on farms are the breed, production\u0000system, climatic conditions, market determinants, demand and supply of sheep products, etc., which may undergo\u0000changes over time. For this reason, a recalculation of the economic importance of profit-related traits in sheep is\u0000needed for the adaptation of the breeding objectives of the enterprises according to their economic importance.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43516582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.037
J. A. Ugwu, V. Umeh, K. Kareem
Abstract. Insect infestations are major constraints to vegetable production in Nigeria causing low yields and poor quality of produce. A study was conducted at the experimental farm of the National Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT) Ibadan, Nigeria, to compare the efficacy of ethanol seed extracts of Azadirachta indica A.Juss (neem), Annona muricata L(soursop) and cypermethrin against field insect pests of Amaranthus hybridus L. under rain fed conditions. Four major insect species were observed causing damage to A. hybridus during the study and they include: cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera Hubner), okra leaf roller (Sylepta derogata Fabricius), lagriid beetle (Lagria villosa Fabricius) and variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus Linnaeus). Ethanol seed extracts of A. indica were as effective as cypermethrin and more effective than A. muricata seed extracts in protecting A. hybridus against insect damage. Plots treated with A. indica extracts and cypermethrin significantly (p<0.05) reduced leaf damage, observed insect density and enhanced leaf yield compared to plots treated with A. muricata and control. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between A. indica and cypermethrin treated plots on observed insect density, leaf damage and leaf yield. A. indica has proved to be efficient as cypermethrin and can be successfully used for the control of field insect pests of A. hybridus.
{"title":"Comparative efficacy of two plant extracts and cypermethrin against field insect pests of Amaranthus hybridus L.","authors":"J. A. Ugwu, V. Umeh, K. Kareem","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Insect infestations are major constraints to vegetable production in Nigeria causing low yields and poor quality of produce. A study was conducted at the experimental farm of the National Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT) Ibadan, Nigeria, to compare the efficacy of ethanol seed extracts of Azadirachta indica A.Juss (neem), Annona muricata L(soursop) and cypermethrin against field insect pests of Amaranthus hybridus L. under rain fed conditions. Four major insect species were observed causing damage to A. hybridus during the study and they include: cotton bollworm (Heliothis armigera Hubner), okra leaf roller (Sylepta derogata Fabricius), lagriid beetle (Lagria villosa Fabricius) and variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus Linnaeus). Ethanol seed extracts of A. indica were as effective as cypermethrin and more effective than A. muricata seed extracts in protecting A. hybridus against insect damage. Plots treated with A. indica extracts and cypermethrin significantly (p<0.05) reduced leaf damage, observed insect density and enhanced leaf yield compared to plots treated with A. muricata and control. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between A. indica and cypermethrin treated plots on observed insect density, leaf damage and leaf yield. A. indica has proved to be efficient as cypermethrin and can be successfully used for the control of field insect pests of A. hybridus.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47498622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.036
D. Klisarova, D. Gerdzhikov
Abstract. Marine protected area (MPA) Kaliakra is an object of interest owning to its geographic location, the peculiarity of the hydrodynamic processes and the influence of the river inflow into the North - West part of the basin. The analysis of phytoplankton in the area of Cape Kaliakra was based on 20 samples from 16 stations in coastal waters in the summer of 2020 and 2021. The aim of this study was to make a recent assessment of the phytoplankton communities in MPA Kaliakra and to analyze the phytoplankton changes compared to previous years. The received results showed high species diversity (88 species of microalgae, 13 taxonomic classes) and development of stable phytoplankton communities. Increased abundance and biomass of phytoplankton and amounts of nutrients in the summer of 2020-2021 in the protected area of Kaliakra demonstrated degraded water quality. In 2020, the small-sized species Merismopedia sp. and small Flagellates were recorded in blooms, while in 2021 phytoplankton blooms were not recorded.
{"title":"Structure of phytoplankton communities in Kaliakra protected area, summer 2020 – 2021","authors":"D. Klisarova, D. Gerdzhikov","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Marine protected area (MPA) Kaliakra is an object of interest owning to its geographic location, the peculiarity of the hydrodynamic processes and the influence of the river inflow into the North - West part of the basin. The analysis of phytoplankton in the area of Cape Kaliakra was based on 20 samples from 16 stations in coastal waters in the summer of 2020 and 2021. The aim of this study was to make a recent assessment of the phytoplankton communities in MPA Kaliakra and to analyze the phytoplankton changes compared to previous years. The received results showed high species diversity (88 species of microalgae, 13 taxonomic classes) and development of stable phytoplankton communities. Increased abundance and biomass of phytoplankton and amounts of nutrients in the summer of 2020-2021 in the protected area of Kaliakra demonstrated degraded water quality. In 2020, the small-sized species Merismopedia sp. and small Flagellates were recorded in blooms, while in 2021 phytoplankton blooms were not recorded.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41805897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.033
B. Frih, A. Oulmi, A. Guendouz, S. Benkadja
Abstract. The aim of this study was to test the adaptability of seven (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes grown under semi-arid conditions. The experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Setif (Algeria), in a design of random blocks with three replications; the plant material used in this study consisted of seven genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.). At maturity, the following parameters were measured: grain yield; economic yield; above ground biomass; number of spikes per meter square; number of grain per spike; harvest index; thousand kernel weight and plant height. Number of days to heading was accounted from sown date. ANOVA showed that genotype and crop season effect were highly significant with all traits studied. MBB and Boussellem genotypes were the most suitable genotypes; they had good ranking under both crop seasons according to their results for all traits studied. 2016/2017 was the best crop season; it recorded the best values of grain yield and the majority of the traits studied. The interaction genotype X crop season was highly significant for all traits studied.The correlations among traits under both crop season showed that grain yield was significantly correlated with economic yield and number of grains per spike. A high significant correlation was observed between economic yield and above ground biomass under both crop seasons. Number of days to heading was significantly correlated with plant height under both crop seasons.
摘要本研究的目的是测试在半干旱条件下生长的七种（硬粒小麦）基因型的适应性。实验在塞蒂夫（阿尔及利亚）农业实验站进行，采用随机区块设计，进行三次重复；本研究所用的植物材料由七个基因型（Triticum durum Desf）组成；经济收益率；地上生物量；每平方米的尖峰数量；每穗粒数；收获指数；千粒重和株高。从播种日期算起，播种天数。方差分析表明，基因型和作物季节效应对所研究的所有性状都非常显著。MBB和Boussellem基因型是最合适的基因型；根据他们研究的所有性状的结果，他们在两个作物季节都有很好的排名。2016/2017年是作物生长最好的季节；它记录了粮食产量和所研究的大多数性状的最佳值。交互作用基因型X作物季节对所研究的所有性状都具有高度显著性。两个生长季性状间的相关性表明，粮食产量与经济产量和穗粒数显著相关。在两个作物季节，经济产量和地上生物量之间都存在高度显著的相关性。在两个作物季节下，抽穗天数与植株高度显著相关。
{"title":"Evaluation of grain yield performance of seven (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes grown under semi-arid conditions during two crop seasons in the eastern of Algeria","authors":"B. Frih, A. Oulmi, A. Guendouz, S. Benkadja","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The aim of this study was to test the adaptability of seven (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes grown under semi-arid conditions. The experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Setif (Algeria), in a design of random blocks with three replications; the plant material used in this study consisted of seven genotypes (Triticum durum Desf.). At maturity, the following parameters were measured: grain yield; economic yield; above ground biomass; number of spikes per meter square; number of grain per spike; harvest index; thousand kernel weight and plant height. Number of days to heading was accounted from sown date. ANOVA showed that genotype and crop season effect were highly significant with all traits studied. MBB and Boussellem genotypes were the most suitable genotypes; they had good ranking under both crop seasons according to their results for all traits studied. 2016/2017 was the best crop season; it recorded the best values of grain yield and the majority of the traits studied. The interaction genotype X crop season was highly significant for all traits studied.The correlations among traits under both crop season showed that grain yield was significantly correlated with economic yield and number of grains per spike. A high significant correlation was observed between economic yield and above ground biomass under both crop seasons. Number of days to heading was significantly correlated with plant height under both crop seasons.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45240382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.035
G. Delchev
Abstract. The research was conducted during 2019 - 2021 on pellic vertisol soil type. Under investigation was lentil cultivar Ilina (Lens culinaris Medik.). A total of 23 variants were investigated: untreated control, 8 herbicides – Pendistar 40 SC (pendimethalin), Dual gold 960 EC (S-metolachlor), Lentagran VP (pyridate), Challenge 600 SC (aclonifen), Zencor 600 SC (metribuzin), Wish top (quizalofop-P-ethyl), Zetrola (propaquizafop) and Passat 40 (imazamox), as well as combinations and tank mixtures between them. Soil-applied herbicides were used during the period after sowing before emergence. Foliar-applied herbicides were used during 2-3, 4-5 or 6-7 real leaf stage of the lentil. All of the herbicides, herbicide combinations and herbicide tank-mixtures were applied in a working solution of 300 l/ha. Mixing of foliar-applied herbicides was done in the tank on the sprayer. The combinations of herbicide Lentagran with soil-applied herbicides Pendistar and Dual gold, as well as herbicides Challenge with foliar-applied herbicides Wish top and Zetrola had an additive effect on herbicide efficacy. The herbicides Lentagran and Zencor, as well as their combinations, successfully controlled Clearfield and ExpressSun sunflower self-sown plants in lentil crops. The foliar-applied herbicide Passat controlled all annual and perennial broadleaved and graminaceous weeds and self-sown plants. The use of foliar-applied herbicide Passat and soil-applied herbicide Zencor at a dose of 900 g/ha led to high phytotoxicity in lentil plants – rate 3 according to the scale of EWRS. Double use of Zencor at doses of 600 + 300 g/ha and the combined use of the herbicides Challenge and Zetrola led to low phytotoxicity in lentil – rate 2 according to the scale of EWRS. The highest yields of lentil seeds were obtained by use of herbicide combinations Pendistar 5 l/ha + Lentagran 500 + 500 ml/ha and Pendistar 5 l/ha + Lentagran 1 l/ha. High yields were also obtained when combining Challenge 3 + 1 l/ha with Wish top 1.25 l/ha, as well as by the herbicide combination Challenge 4 l/ha + Wish top 1.25 l/ha.
{"title":"Efficacy of herbicides, herbicide combinations and herbicide tank mixtures on lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)","authors":"G. Delchev","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The research was conducted during 2019 - 2021 on pellic vertisol soil type. Under investigation was lentil cultivar Ilina (Lens culinaris Medik.). A total of 23 variants were investigated: untreated control, 8 herbicides – Pendistar 40 SC (pendimethalin), Dual gold 960 EC (S-metolachlor), Lentagran VP (pyridate), Challenge 600 SC (aclonifen), Zencor 600 SC (metribuzin), Wish top (quizalofop-P-ethyl), Zetrola (propaquizafop) and Passat 40 (imazamox), as well as combinations and tank mixtures between them. Soil-applied herbicides were used during the period after sowing before emergence. Foliar-applied herbicides were used during 2-3, 4-5 or 6-7 real leaf stage of the lentil. All of the herbicides, herbicide combinations and herbicide tank-mixtures were applied in a working solution of 300 l/ha. Mixing of foliar-applied herbicides was done in the tank on the sprayer. The combinations of herbicide Lentagran with soil-applied herbicides Pendistar and Dual gold, as well as herbicides Challenge with foliar-applied herbicides Wish top and Zetrola had an additive effect on herbicide efficacy. The herbicides Lentagran and Zencor, as well as their combinations, successfully controlled Clearfield and ExpressSun sunflower self-sown plants in lentil crops. The foliar-applied herbicide Passat controlled all annual and perennial broadleaved and graminaceous weeds and self-sown plants. The use of foliar-applied herbicide Passat and soil-applied herbicide Zencor at a dose of 900 g/ha led to high phytotoxicity in lentil plants – rate 3 according to the scale of EWRS. Double use of Zencor at doses of 600 + 300 g/ha and the combined use of the herbicides Challenge and Zetrola led to low phytotoxicity in lentil – rate 2 according to the scale of EWRS. The highest yields of lentil seeds were obtained by use of herbicide combinations Pendistar 5 l/ha + Lentagran 500 + 500 ml/ha and Pendistar 5 l/ha + Lentagran 1 l/ha. High yields were also obtained when combining Challenge 3 + 1 l/ha with Wish top 1.25 l/ha, as well as by the herbicide combination Challenge 4 l/ha + Wish top 1.25 l/ha.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42759566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.038
F. D. Amulejoye, A. Ajibare, A. S. Arosoye, A.T. Adegeye
Abstract. Fish parasites immensely affect fish production given their potential impact on profitability and also cause of zoonotic diseases in many parts of the world. This study therefore investigated the effect of fish parasites on growth and well-being. It also evaluated the body variation between parasitized and non- parasitized fish. The study was carried out in five rivers from Ipare, Aboto, Alape, Igbanran and Igbokoda. The length of parasitized fish samples was 13.00±1.26cm, 14.02±1.94cm and 13.51±1.67cm in male, female and combined sexes, respectively, while the weight was 43.29±12.51g, 53.86±21.52g and 48.57±17.92g in male, female and combined sexes, respectively. Also, the average total length (TL) of the non-parasitized fish was 12.92±1.13cm, 14.72±1.53cm and 13.67±1.57cm in male, female and combined sexes, respectively, while the weight was 38.86±9.33g, 62.09±16.50g and 48.49±17.12g in male, female and combined sexes, respectively. The regression coefficient (b) of length and weight of parasitized samples was b=2.12 (male), b=2.15 (female) and b=2.64 (combined sexes), while the regression coefficient ‘b’ recorded for the length-weight relationship of non-parasitized samples was 3.25, 2.49 and 2.78 for male, female and combined sexes, respectively, indicating allometric growth. Also, Senga sp and Nematodes were the most prevalent parasites with average volume of 2.33±0.58 and 2.00±0.00 on both male and female fish, respectively. The regression analysis revealed that the occurrence of parasites did not have significant effect (P>0.05) on the length and weight of S. melanotheron from Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. This study also established similarity in morphology among populations of male and female as well as parasitized and non-parasitized Sarotherodon melanotheron from the study area.
{"title":"Occurrence of parasites, length-weight relationship and condition factor of Sarotherodon melanotheron (Ruppel, 1852) in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"F. D. Amulejoye, A. Ajibare, A. S. Arosoye, A.T. Adegeye","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Fish parasites immensely affect fish production given their potential impact on profitability and also cause of zoonotic diseases in many parts of the world. This study therefore investigated the effect of fish parasites on growth and well-being. It also evaluated the body variation between parasitized and non- parasitized fish. The study was carried out in five rivers from Ipare, Aboto, Alape, Igbanran and Igbokoda. The length of parasitized fish samples was 13.00±1.26cm, 14.02±1.94cm and 13.51±1.67cm in male, female and combined sexes, respectively, while the weight was 43.29±12.51g, 53.86±21.52g and 48.57±17.92g in male, female and combined sexes, respectively. Also, the average total length (TL) of the non-parasitized fish was 12.92±1.13cm, 14.72±1.53cm and 13.67±1.57cm in male, female and combined sexes, respectively, while the weight was 38.86±9.33g, 62.09±16.50g and 48.49±17.12g in male, female and combined sexes, respectively. The regression coefficient (b) of length and weight of parasitized samples was b=2.12 (male), b=2.15 (female) and b=2.64 (combined sexes), while the regression coefficient ‘b’ recorded for the length-weight relationship of non-parasitized samples was 3.25, 2.49 and 2.78 for male, female and combined sexes, respectively, indicating allometric growth. Also, Senga sp and Nematodes were the most prevalent parasites with average volume of 2.33±0.58 and 2.00±0.00 on both male and female fish, respectively. The regression analysis revealed that the occurrence of parasites did not have significant effect (P>0.05) on the length and weight of S. melanotheron from Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. This study also established similarity in morphology among populations of male and female as well as parasitized and non-parasitized Sarotherodon melanotheron from the study area.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48192564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.040
R. Mihaylov, D. Kanakov, S. Krastev, Z. Zheleva
Abstract. The effectiveness of a utility model - remote piston injector for veterinary use was investigated. The injector is from the field of applied veterinary technology, hand tools, instruments and accessories for the application of treatment and prevention of domestic and wild animals. It can be used safely for the application of various types of veterinary medicinal products in relation to animal health and welfare. The utility model is part of the technique that serves to improve veterinary care and is a mobile tool related to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases. It has been found that it successfully provides treatment to dangerous animals with drugs, vaccines, etc. from a distance safely for humans, using cheap disposable or remote syringes that are protected by the injector housing.
{"title":"Investigation on the efficacy of a utility model „Remote piston injector for veterinary use“","authors":"R. Mihaylov, D. Kanakov, S. Krastev, Z. Zheleva","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The effectiveness of a utility model - remote piston injector for veterinary use was investigated. The injector is from the field of applied veterinary technology, hand tools, instruments and accessories for the application of treatment and prevention of domestic and wild animals. It can be used safely for the application of various types of veterinary medicinal products in relation to animal health and welfare. The utility model is part of the technique that serves to improve veterinary care and is a mobile tool related to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases. It has been found that it successfully provides treatment to dangerous animals with drugs, vaccines, etc. from a distance safely for humans, using cheap disposable or remote syringes that are protected by the injector housing.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45964065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15547/ast.2022.03.041
Z. Radev
Abstract. This study was conducted with the aim to establish the bioagents of the Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) family feeding on green peach aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera; Aphididae) in an oriental tobacco crop. The results showed low multiplication density of the aphidophagous species throughout the two-year course of the study. Four representatives of the Chrysopidae were established and the species with the highest densities were seven-spotted lacewing Chrysopa septempunctata Wesmael and beautiful lacewing Chrysopa formosa Brauer – 55.6% and 27.8%, respectively. Оrdinary lacewing Chrysopa carnea Stephens and green lacewing Chrysopa prasina Burmeister related to the control of the green peach aphid represented correspondingly 11.1% and 5.5% of the total number of lacewings, but single representatives were found and hence it could be assumed that they did not play a significant role in the limitation of M. persicae. Later emergence of the lacewings in the tobacco crop was observed, in the period 20th – 30th June of 2021 and 2022, which is a period of relatively high multiplication rate of the green peach aphid.
{"title":"Bioagents of the Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) feeding on Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera; Aphididae) in a crop of oriental tobacco","authors":"Z. Radev","doi":"10.15547/ast.2022.03.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.03.041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study was conducted with the aim to establish the bioagents of the Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) family feeding on green peach aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera; Aphididae) in an oriental tobacco crop. The results showed low multiplication density of the aphidophagous species throughout the two-year course of the study. Four representatives of the Chrysopidae were established and the species with the highest densities were seven-spotted lacewing Chrysopa septempunctata Wesmael and beautiful lacewing Chrysopa formosa Brauer – 55.6% and 27.8%, respectively. Оrdinary lacewing Chrysopa carnea Stephens and green lacewing Chrysopa prasina Burmeister related to the control of the green peach aphid represented correspondingly 11.1% and 5.5% of the total number of lacewings, but single representatives were found and hence it could be assumed that they did not play a significant role in the limitation of M. persicae. Later emergence of the lacewings in the tobacco crop was observed, in the period 20th – 30th June of 2021 and 2022, which is a period of relatively high multiplication rate of the green peach aphid.","PeriodicalId":55762,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44407234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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