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Expanded Description of Achalinus yangdatongi (Serpentes: Xenodermidae) 杨达通吉Achalinus yangdatongi的扩展描述(蛇:异足目)
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.42.1
Ruiying Xu, Ke Li, He Zhang, Hao He, Fei Zhu, Yayong Wu, P. Guo
Abstract: Achalinus yangdatongi Hou, Wang, Guo, Chen, Yuan & Che, 2021 was described based on single specimen. After morphological examination of recently collected specimens from the type locality and close region, several specimens (3 females and 1 male) were identified as this species. Genetic distances (p-distance) calculated from a fragment of the mtDNA gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) were less than 1.8% between the newly collected specimens and the type specimen. Achalinus yangdatongi is redescribed and several of its diagnostics are revised accordingly: dorsal body scales 23 rows throughout; ventrals 155–171; subcaudals 59–76, unpaired; maxillary teeth 24–26.
摘要:以单体标本为基础,对杨达通吉Achalinus yangdatongi Hou,Wang,Guo,Chen,Yuan&Che,2021进行了描述。在对最近从模式区和近缘区采集的标本进行形态学检查后,几个标本(3只雌性和1只雄性)被鉴定为该物种。根据mtDNA基因片段细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I(COI)计算的新采集标本和模式标本之间的遗传距离(p距离)小于1.8%。对羊大通Achalinus yangdatongi进行了重新描述,并对其几种诊断方法进行了相应的修订:背侧体鳞片23排;腹壁155–171;59–76亚囊,不成对;上颌齿24-26。
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引用次数: 2
Geographic Variation in Skull Morphology of the Japanese Crocodile Newt, Echinotriton andersoni (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae), Inferred from Geometric Morphometrics 日本鳄蝾螈(两栖纲:尾尾纲:蝾螈科)颅骨形态的地理变异
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.42.9
Kotaro Ozaki, A. Tominaga, M. Matsui, S. Hara, K. Nishikawa
Abstract: The Anderson's crocodile newt, Echinotriton andersoni, is an endangered species distributed in the islands of Central Ryukyus, Japan. This species is well known to show high intraspecific genetic variation among islands, but its morphological variation has not been explored. We examined the skull variation in this species including enigmatic specimens collected from Taiwan by using geometric morphometrics, and found sexual differences and geographic variation mainly between the Okinawa group (Okinawajima Island) and the Amami Group (Amamioshima and Tokunoshima Islands). We further found close resemblance between the Taiwanese specimens and the female specimens from Amamioshima Island.
摘要:安氏鳄蝾螈是分布于日本琉球群岛中部的一种濒危物种。众所周知,该物种在岛屿之间表现出较高的种内遗传变异,但其形态变异尚未被探索。我们通过几何形态计量学检查了该物种的头骨变异,包括从台湾收集的神秘标本,并发现了主要在冲绳群(冲绳岛)和阿马米群(阿马米岛和东关岛群岛)之间的性别差异和地理变异。我们进一步发现,台湾标本和阿马米奥岛的雌性标本非常相似。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparison of Growth Patterns between Large- and Small-sized Rana tagoi (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Kitayama, Kyoto, Japan 日本京都北山大型和小型蛙(两栖纲:蛙科)生长模式的比较
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.230
Tadafumi Sugihara, M. Matsui, Takahiro Sugahara
Abstract: In the Kitayama-region of Kyoto city, two types of the brown frog Rana tagoi occur syntopically. They are populations of small and large frogs that do not overlap in adult body size and proved to be heterospecific genetically. In order to clarify the cause and significance of this body size difference, we studied the growth pattern in the two populations. For comparison, we also examined an allopatric population of R. tagoi from Shishiga-tani, Kyoto, which is genetically very close to the large type, and occurs without co-inhabiting different sized individuals. We examined sections of periosteal bones, and counted the number of LAGs in the bone to determine ages of individuals. We used logistic model and estimated instantaneous growth rate and asymptotic size, to describe growth pattern. Each of the two types from Kitayama exhibited unique growth pattern, and the Shishiga-tani population showed a growth pattern intermediate between those of the two types in asymptotic size. Difference in size of two types is discussed with relation to the character displacement.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:在京都市北山地区,有两种类型的褐蛙(Rana tagoi)同时存在。它们是小青蛙和大青蛙的种群,在成年体型上不重叠,并被证明是异种的。为了弄清这种体型差异的原因和意义,我们研究了两个种群的生长模式。为了进行比较,我们还研究了来自京都Shishiga-tani的R. tagoi异源种群,该种群在遗传上与大型种群非常接近,并且没有共同居住不同大小的个体。我们检查了骨膜切片,并计算了骨中lag的数量,以确定个体的年龄。我们使用logistic模型和估计的瞬时增长率和渐近规模来描述增长模式。北山的两种种群都表现出独特的生长模式,而石贺谷种群在渐近大小上表现为介于这两种种群之间的生长模式。讨论了两种类型的大小差异及其与字符位移的关系。
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引用次数: 0
First Record of Forelimb and Hindlimb Abnormalities in the Genus Scincella (Squamata: Scincidae) Scincella属前肢和后肢异常的首次记录(角鲨目:Scincella科)
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.248
Yuki Koizumi, Takashi O. Yato
Abstract: Observations of the osteological features of malformations in lizards are currently limited. In examinations of ca. 1,300 Scincella specimens, one Scincella lateralis specimen and three S. boettgeri specimens were observed to have malformed digits, i.e., ectrodactyly. Each of these specimens had a malformation in only one limb. One S. lateralis specimen lacked digits I–III of manus, and three S. boettgeri specimens lacked digits I, II, or I and II of pedes. Micro-computed tomography scanning revealed that the phalanges and metacarpals of digits I–III were absent in the malformed S. lateralis specimen, whereas the malformed S. boettgeri specimens lacked all phalanges for externally absent toes but had five metatarsals, despite these being shorter in the absent toes than those in normal toes. Although malformed limbs have been reported previously in lizards, this is the first report based on osteological descriptions. Some genera of Scincidae include species that have undergone phylogenetic reduction of their digits. In such species, the developmental order of the phalanges and metacarpals/metatarsals is well-known from embryological studies. With reference to this developmental mechanism, we also discuss the assumed development of the malformed specimens observed in this study.
摘要:目前对蜥蜴畸形骨学特征的观察有限。在对约1300个Scincella标本的检查中,观察到一个Scincellalateralis标本和三个S.boettgeri标本的手指畸形,即指缺失。每一个标本只有一个肢体畸形。一个S.lateralis标本缺少马努斯的趾I–III,三个S.boettgeri标本缺少足类的趾I、II或I和II。微型计算机断层扫描显示,畸形的S.lateralis标本中没有趾I–III的指骨和掌骨,而畸形的S.boettgeri标本缺乏外部缺失脚趾的所有指骨,但有五个跖骨,尽管缺失脚趾的跖骨比正常脚趾的短。尽管之前曾报道过蜥蜴四肢畸形,但这是第一份基于骨学描述的报告。Scincidae的一些属包括已经经历了其手指系统发育减少的物种。在这些物种中,指骨和掌骨/跖骨的发育顺序在胚胎学研究中是众所周知的。关于这种发育机制,我们还讨论了本研究中观察到的畸形标本的假定发育。
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引用次数: 0
Frequency and Distribution of Reports of Free-living Green Iguanas (Iguana iguana) in Hong Kong 香港自由生活绿鬣蜥(鬣蜥)报告的频率及分布
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.149
M. Mo, E. Mo
Abstract: This study investigated the frequency and distribution of reports of free-living green iguanas (Iguana iguana), a Neotropical lizard, in Hong Kong. We found 44 reports of I. iguana, of which 93% were removed from the wild. Thirty-nine reports were records kept by one non-government organization, one report from a government agency, and four reports from community members. Reports were sporadic between 2002 and 2011, but have occurred in every calendar year since 2012, predominately during March, July and October. Report locations were distributed broadly across 16 administrative districts, including heavily developed city areas, indicative of released or escaped pets being the source. Although there was evidence of two individuals living in one locality, we found no major concentrations of reports to indicate established populations. Nevertheless, these data should not be assumed benign since some established populations of I. iguana elsewhere have only become evident following prolonged periods of sporadic reports. It is therefore plausible that emerging reports in Hong Kong may represent a contemporary invasion presently under way. Public reporting of I. iguana plays an important role in preventative invasive species management. However, we also found cases where I. iguana reported as free-living were more likely the same captive I. iguana, highlighting potential errors with community science.
摘要:本研究调查了香港一种新热带蜥蜴——自由生活的绿色蜥蜴(Iguana Iguana)的报告频率和分布。我们发现了44份关于鬣蜥的报告,其中93%是从野外移走的。39份报告是由一个非政府组织保存的记录,一份报告来自政府机构,四份报告来自社区成员。2002年至2011年期间的报告是零星的,但自2012年以来,每个日历年都有报告,主要发生在3月、7月和10月。报告地点广泛分布在16个行政区,包括高度发达的城市地区,表明释放或逃跑的宠物是来源。尽管有证据表明有两个人生活在一个地方,但我们没有发现表明已确定种群的主要集中报告。然而,这些数据不应被认为是良性的,因为其他地方的一些已确定的鬣蜥种群是在长期的零星报告后才变得明显的。因此,香港新出现的报告可能代表了目前正在进行的当代入侵,这是有道理的。鬣蜥的公开报告在预防性入侵物种管理中发挥着重要作用。然而,我们也发现,被报告为自由生活的鬣蜥更有可能是同一只圈养的鬣蜥,这突出了社区科学的潜在错误。
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引用次数: 1
Does the Diet of Sceloporus variabilis Vary Along an Elevational Gradient? 变异棘孔虫的食性是否沿海拔梯度变化?
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.238
G. Woolrich-Piña, Geoffrey R. Smith, Alma Joselyn González-Ortega, Rafael Loaiza-Ramírez, Erika López-Salgado, J. Lemos‐Espinal
Abstract: Studies of elevational variation in diets in lizards have often found shifts in diet composition among elevations. Herein, we studied the diets of Sceloporus variabilis from six populations found in a variety of habitats along an elevational gradient (3–1900 m) in Puebla and Veracruz, Mexico. Diets of S. variabilis for the six populations were similar at the order level, with hymenopterans and coleopterans being the most important prey items. However, the specific taxa at the family or genus level varied among the six populations. The presence of plant material in diets varied among the six populations, with the two lowest elevation populations and the highest elevation population containing the most of this material.
摘要:对蜥蜴饮食海拔变化的研究经常发现,不同海拔地区的饮食组成会发生变化。在此,我们研究了在墨西哥普埃布拉和韦拉克鲁斯海拔梯度(3–1900米)的各种栖息地中发现的六个种群的可变Sceloporus variabilis的饮食。这六个种群的可变S.variabilis的饮食在目水平上相似,处女膜虫和鞘翅目是最重要的猎物。然而,在科或属水平上的具体分类群在六个种群中各不相同。六个种群的日粮中植物物质的存在各不相同,其中海拔最低的两个种群和海拔最高的种群含有最多的植物物质。
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引用次数: 0
Oral and Buccophryngeal Morphology of the Tadpoles of Polypedates maculatus with Notes on their Diet pattern 斑蝥蝌蚪的口咽形态及其饮食模式的研究
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.180
Jasmin Rout, S. Mahapatra, G. Sahoo
Abstract: Oral morphological features and the diet of the tadpoles of Polypedates maculatus were described in this study. The tadpoles were collected from various water bodies of the state of Odisha over three consecutive breeding seasons (2018–2020). Oral and internal buccal characters were analysed independently for Gosner developmental stages 25 to 46. The upper labium has four labial tooth rows with a medial gap in the three rows proximal to the mouth, whereas the lower labium has three rows with a medial gap in the row proximal to the mouth. The order of length of denticle rows is A2>P1>P2>A1>P3>A3>A4 with a dental formula of A4(3)/P3(1). The food spectrum of the tadpoles included mostly phytoplanktons (represented by six classes and 51 genera) followed by zooplankton (two classes and four genera). Three Bacillariophyceae genera (Navicula, Pinnularia, and Synedra) contributed most of the gut contents. Scenedesmus was the major food items in Chlorophyceae family and had the highest numeric frequency (7.63%) among all the food items. Other prevalent food items included Zygnematophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Rotifera, Ulvophyceae and Copepoda.
摘要:本文介绍了斑蝥蝌蚪的口腔形态特征及日粮。这些蝌蚪是在连续三个繁殖季节(2018-2020)从奥里萨邦的不同水体中采集的。对Gosner发育阶段25至46的口腔和内颊特征进行独立分析。上唇有四排唇牙,在靠近口腔的三排中有中间间隙,而下唇有三排,在靠近嘴巴的一排中有内侧间隙。小齿列的长度顺序为A2>P1>P2>A1>P3>A3>A4,牙式为A4(3)/P3(1)。蝌蚪的食物谱主要包括浮游植物(以6纲51属为代表),其次是浮游动物(2纲4属)。三个硅藻科属(Navicula、Pinnularia和Synedra)贡献了大部分肠道内容物。Scenedesmus是吊兰科的主要食物,在所有食物中的数字频率最高(7.63%)。其他常见的食物包括接合藻科、蓝藻科、裸藻科、轮藻科、Ulvophyceae和桡足目。
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引用次数: 0
Truly Absent or Sampling Gaps? Insights on the Potential Distribution of Duttaphrynus hololius (Günther, 1876) from Peninsular India 真的没有或抽样差距?对印度半岛荷洛留斯(Günther,1876)潜在分布的见解
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.215
S. Narayanan, H. N. Poorna Bhat, Dhanu Paran, Sandeep Das, N. A. Aravind
Abstract: Duttaphrynus hololius is an uncommon species of toad presumably endemic to peninsular India. Since the original description, no records originated from the type locality “Malabar” or the Western Ghats. At the same time, several authors reported it from the other parts of peninsular India and the Eastern Ghats. This led to confusion and made previous workers question the true origin of the type locality of D. hololius. Some works also predict the distribution of this species based on niche modelling techniques. This work provides new records from the Western Ghats and vicinity for the first time after its description with new molecular data. We also discuss pre-colonial and colonial “Malabar” and predict the suitable range of D. hololius under different climatic scenarios based on the further analysis carried out herein using the species distribution modelling approach.
摘要:Duttaphrynus hololius是一种罕见的蟾蜍,可能是印度半岛特有的。由于最初的描述,没有记录来自类型地区“马拉巴尔”或西高止山脉。与此同时,一些作者从印度半岛的其他地区和东高止山脉报道了这一情况。这导致了混乱,并使以前的工作者质疑D. hololius类型位置的真正起源。一些研究还基于生态位建模技术预测了该物种的分布。这项工作首次为西高止山脉及其附近地区提供了新的分子数据记录。我们还讨论了殖民前和殖民时期的“Malabar”,并在此基础上利用物种分布建模方法进行了进一步分析,预测了不同气候情景下hololius的适宜范围。
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引用次数: 0
Food Habits of the Taiwan Beauty Snake, Elaphe taeniura friesi, as an Introduced Species on Okinawajima Island 冲绳岛引种台湾美蛇的食性
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.205
Hitomi Asato, Kosuke Sueyoshi, Masanobu Nakagawa, Ryo Sugawara, Yohei Kadota, N. Kawauchi, S. Kobayashi, M. Izawa, M. Toda
Abstract: The Taiwan beauty snake, Elaphe taeniura friesi, has established a stable population in the central part of Okinawajima Island, and there are concerns about the negative effects of the snakes' predation on the native fauna. Thus, we examined the stomachs of 239 E. t. friesi specimens collected on Okinawajima Island from July 2018 to November 2019. Stomach contents were identified to the species level whenever possible based on morphological observations and/or DNA analyses. Of the 239 snake specimens, 39 (12 males, 16 females, and 11 juveniles) had contents in their stomach, including 67 prey items, 75% of which were mammals (Muridae and Soricidae) and the rest of which were birds (Pycnonotidae, Cisticolidae, and Columbidae). Rattus rattus occurred most frequently; 25 of the 39 snakes examined had this species in their stomachs. All avian prey items detected were nestlings and eggs. Twelve snakes had multiple prey items in their stomach, including in most cases either nestlings of passerine birds or infants or subadults of R. rattus. Therefore, E. t. friesi is an endotherm consumer that occasionally preys on nestlings and infant rats. These food habits suggested that E. t. friesi uses various habitats, from the humus layer on the ground to the branches of trees, for foraging. Several endangered endemic rodent and bird species exist in the northern area of Okinawajima Island; thus, our results provide a warning about potential negative impact on such animals when E. t. friesi expands its range to the northern part of the island.
摘要:台湾美人蛇Elaphe taeniura friesi已在冲绳岛中部建立了稳定的种群,人们担心其捕食对当地动物的负面影响。因此,我们检查了2018年7月至2019年11月在冲绳岛采集的239个E.t.friesi标本的胃。根据形态学观察和/或DNA分析,尽可能在物种水平上鉴定胃内容物。在239个蛇标本中,39个(12只雄性、16只雌性和11只幼蛇)的胃里有内容物,包括67个猎物,其中75%是哺乳动物(鼠科和Soricidae),其余是鸟类(Pycnonotidae、Cisticolidae和Columbidae)。Rattus Rattus发生频率最高;在39条被检查的蛇中,有25条的胃里有这种蛇。检测到的所有鸟类猎物都是雏鸟和蛋。12条蛇的胃里有多种猎物,在大多数情况下,包括雀形目鸟类的雏鸟、鼠形目的婴儿或亚成年蛇。因此,E.t.friesi是一种吸热型消费者,偶尔会捕食幼鼠和幼鼠。这些饮食习惯表明,E.t.friesi利用各种栖息地觅食,从地面的腐殖质层到树枝。冲绳岛北部地区存在几种濒危的特有啮齿动物和鸟类;因此,我们的研究结果提供了一个警告,即当E.t.friesi将其活动范围扩大到该岛北部时,可能会对这些动物产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Systematics and Ecological Data Enrichment for the Recently Described Lushai Hills Dragon Snake, Stoliczkia vanhnuailianai Lalronunga, Lalhmangaiha, Zosangliana, Lalhmingliani, Gower, Das & Deepak, 2021 (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Northeast India 印度东北部芦海山龙蛇,Stoliczkia vanhnuailianai Lalronunga, Lalhmangaiha, Zosangliana, Lalhmingliani, Gower, Das & Deepak, 2021(鳞目:Xenodermidae)的系统分类学和生态资料富集
IF 0.7 4区 生物学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.163
Fanai Malsawmdawngliana, Lal Muansanga, Ro Malsawma, M. Vabeiryureilai, H. Lalremsanga, L. Biakzuala
Abstract: This study provides the first morphological data from a female specimen of the recently described Stoliczkia vanhnuailianai from Mizoram, Northeast India. Based on a new individual collected from a stream habitat around 80 km northwards from the type locality, we provide an expanded summary of diagnostic key characters of the species, additional notes on the habitat, and new genetic data for this rare snake.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:本研究首次获得了来自印度东北部米佐拉姆邦的Stoliczkia vanhnuailianai雌性标本的形态学资料。本文基于从类型地向北约80 km处的溪流生境中采集到的一个新个体,对该物种的诊断关键特征进行了扩展总结,对该生境进行了补充说明,并提供了新的遗传数据。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Current Herpetology
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