Fluid Dynamics最新文献

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Electric Field Effect on the Dynamics of the Structural Flow Components in the Case of Gravity-Induced Separation of a Water Drop 电场对重力诱导水滴分离情况下结构流成分动力学的影响

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824602419

Yu. D. Chashechkin, V. E. Prokhorov

Abstract

The high-speed videorecording method is used to investigate the effect of an electrostatic field (with the potential Φ = 0, 16, and 18 kV) on the flow geometry in the case of gravity-induced separation of a drop from a capillary tube. The flow videograms are analyzed and the dimensions of the characteristic structural elements, that is, the drops themselves, a bridge, and satellites, are determined. The oscillations of the linear dimensions and the mother liquid volume after drop separation are traced at (Phi = ) 0 and 18 kV. Both fundamental frequencies and their harmonics are observable in the spectra. It is found that small (12%) variations in the potential value lead to qualitative variations in the flow pattern and, in particular, to direct separation of the drop from the mother liquid without the formation of a bridge. At a constant liquid discharge in the capillary the dimensions of the separated drops decrease with increase of the voltage. The experiments show the possibility of the fine controlling of drop flows using electrostatic fields.

摘要采用高速录像法研究了静电场（电位Φ = 0、16 和 18 kV）对毛细管中液滴在重力作用下的流动几何形状的影响。对流动视频图进行了分析，并确定了特征结构元素（即液滴本身、桥和卫星）的尺寸。在 (Phi = ) 0 和 18 kV 下，对液滴分离后的线性尺寸和母液体积的振荡进行了追踪。在光谱中可以观察到基频及其谐波。研究发现，电位值的微小（12%）变化会导致流动模式发生质的变化，特别是会导致液滴与母液直接分离，而不会形成桥。在毛细管中恒定的液体排放量下，分离液滴的尺寸随着电压的增加而减小。实验表明，利用静电场可以对液滴流动进行精细控制。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical Simulation of Tollmien–Schlichting Wave Generation by Flow Turbulence 流动湍流产生托尔米安-施利克廷波的数值模拟

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462823603315

M. V. Ustinov

Abstract

The disturbances generated by external turbulence in the shear layer on a flat plate suddenly set in motion are found. As the initial conditions, turbulent flow found using direct numerical simulation of the development of isotropic homogeneous turbulence is used. The solution obtained models laminar-turbulent transition in the boundary layer on a flat plate under relatively low free-stream turbulence when the transition is caused by Tollmien–Schlichting waves. The solution makes it possible to describe the process of generating various disturbances, namely, low-frequency streaky structures and instability waves and also their development in the initial stage of laminar-turbulent transition. Based on the processing of the obtained results, a simple model is proposed that relates the spectra of instability waves in the boundary layer and turbulent pulsations in free-stream flow. The dependences of the initial amplitude of instability waves and their critical amplification factors (N-factors) on the degree of flow turbulence are also obtained.

摘要研究了突然运动的平板上剪切层中外部湍流产生的扰动。以各向同性均质湍流发展的直接数值模拟所发现的湍流作为初始条件。当过渡是由 Tollmien-Schlichting 波引起时，所得到的解模拟了相对较低的自由流湍流条件下平板上边界层的层流-湍流过渡。该求解可以描述各种扰动（即低频条纹结构和不稳定波）的产生过程，以及它们在层流-湍流过渡初始阶段的发展情况。在对所获结果进行处理的基础上，提出了一个将边界层中的不稳定波频谱与自由流中的湍流脉动联系起来的简单模型。此外，还获得了不稳定波的初始振幅及其临界放大系数（N 因子）对流动湍流程度的依赖关系。

引用次数: 0

Asymptotic Analysis of the Inflow to a Fracture in an Oil–Gas Reservoir with Bottom Water 含底层水油气藏裂缝入流的渐近分析

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824602225

R. D. Kanevskaya, P. V. Kuznetsov, L. L. Ryzhova

Abstract

A model of oil inflow to a well in a fractured reservoir with a vast gas cap and an underlying water layer is presented in the conditions of gravity-induced segregation of fluids. Using an asymptotic analysis of the equations it was possible to simplify the description of the seepage process before and after the water and gas breakthrough into the well and at a distance from it, as well as to estimate the possibility of waterless and gasless extraction in the conditions of the stabilization of phase fractions in the total rate. It is shown that the hydrostatic equilibrium model can be used in the large-scale approximation fairly far from the well. It is noted that in most practical cases the finite-conductance effect of a fracture is negligible in the large-scale approximation, so that the model of an infinitely permeable fracture can be applied. The equations for determining gas and water fractions in the production after the breakthrough of the water and gas cones in the vicinity of the sink were derived on the flow scale. Finally, the coupling of the models presented makes it possible to describe adequately the inflow to the well before and after the breakthrough of the water and gas cones. The plausibility of the models presented is confirmed by the comparison of the calculated results with the actual data.

摘要在重力诱导流体分离的条件下，提出了一个在具有巨大气帽和底层水层的断裂储层中油井进油的模型。通过对方程的渐近分析，可以简化对水气突破进入油井前后以及距油井一定距离的渗流过程的描述，并估计在总速率中相分数稳定的条件下无水和无气开采的可能性。结果表明，静水平衡模型可用于离油井较远的大尺度近似值。研究指出，在大多数实际情况下，裂缝的有限传导效应在大尺度近似中可以忽略不计，因此可以采用无限渗透裂缝模型。在流量尺度上，推导出了在汇水区附近水气锥体突破后确定生产中气体和水分量的方程。最后，所提出模型的耦合可以充分描述水气锥突破前后流入油井的情况。计算结果与实际数据的比较证实了所提出模型的合理性。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical Simulation of the Drag Crisis on a Sphere Using a Scale-Resolving Approach 采用尺度解析法对球体上的阻力危机进行数值模拟

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462823603248

A. S. Stabnikov, A. V. Garbaruk, M. Kh. Strelets

Abstract

The drag crisis in flow past a sphere is modeled within the framework of the recently formulated scale-resolving hybrid RANS−LES approach, which includes a semi-empirical model of laminar-turbulent transition. The calculations performed in a wide Reynolds number range show that the complex model used yields a qualitatively adequate description of all aspects of the drag crisis including such fine effects, as the growth of the side force oscillation amplitude at near-critical Reynolds numbers. At the same time, the results obtained indicate that very fine computation grids should be used for obtaining qualitatively accurate predictions of the critical Reynolds number and the details of laminar-turbulent transition in near-critical flow regimes.

摘要在最近制定的尺度解析混合 RANS-LES 方法框架内对流经球体的阻力危机进行了建模，该方法包括层流-湍流过渡的半经验模型。在很宽的雷诺数范围内进行的计算表明，所使用的复杂模型可以定性地充分描述阻力危机的所有方面，包括细微效应，如接近临界雷诺数时侧力振荡幅度的增长。同时，所获得的结果表明，应使用非常精细的计算网格来获得临界雷诺数的定性准确预测以及近临界流态下层流-湍流过渡的细节。

引用次数: 0

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Cavitation-Induced Suction Effect 空化诱发的吸力效应的实验和数值研究

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824600342

A. I. Ukolov, V. P. Rodionov

Abstract

The generation of the suction force between a rigid cylindrical frame constricting a submerged cavitating jet and a solid surface is considered. The separation force needed to overcome the suction effect is experimentally determined in a specially developed setup. The dependences of the suction force on the frame diameter and the distance from the nozzle cavitator are obtained using numerical modeling. The volume fraction of the vapor phase inside the frame and the static pressure along the suction surface are calculated. The mechanism of the appearance of the effect and the criteria of its vanishing are explained on the basis of the data obtained.

摘要研究了限制水下空化射流的刚性圆柱框架与固体表面之间吸力的产生。在专门开发的装置中，通过实验测定了克服吸力效应所需的分离力。通过数值建模获得了吸力与框架直径和喷嘴空化器距离的关系。计算了框架内气相的体积分数和沿吸力面的静压。根据所获得的数据，解释了吸力效应出现的机理及其消失的标准。

引用次数: 0

Three-Dimensional Continuum Model of Lumen Formation in a Cluster of Cells Immersed in an Extracellular Matrix: The Role of Mechanical Factors 浸泡在细胞外基质中的细胞团腔形成的三维连续模型：机械因素的作用

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824600299

S. A. Logvenkov

Abstract

The extent of participation of mechanisms such as the active interactions of cells with each other and with the extracellular matrix, the increased hydrostatic pressure in intercellular fluid, and enzymatic activity of cells that lead to the destruction of the extracellular matrix in the process of formation of cavities in clusters of cells formed during cluster vasculogenesis is studied. The problem of evolution of a single cluster of cells immersed in a deformable extracellular matrix is solved within the framework of a previously developed continuum multiphase model of the medium formed by two actively interacting solid phases and a fluid and the role of various cellular mechanisms discussed in the formation of hollow structures is studied. The calculations showed that the dominance of active interactions of the cell-matrix type over the intercellular interactions leads to a displacement of cells towards the outer boundary of the cluster and the creation of conditions for the formation of a cavity inside the cluster. The enzymatic activity of cells helps to free up a headroom for compaction of the cluster, due to the active intercellular interactions, and to slow down the formation of the increasing concentration profile of the cellular phase. An increase in the fluid pressure in the area occupied by cells leads to acceleration of the redistribution of concentrations of the cellular phase and matrix. The fluid pressure promotes accumulation of the cellular phase near the cluster boundary and increase in the matrix concentration in its central part. And only the joint participation of all the mechanisms considered leads to the formation of a structure in which a layer formed by the cellular phase surrounds a fluid-occupied cavity, while the matrix concentration in the cavity demonstrates the trend to its complete disappearance.

摘要研究了细胞之间以及细胞与细胞外基质之间的积极相互作用、细胞间液静水压的增加以及细胞的酶活性等机制的参与程度，这些机制导致细胞外基质在细胞簇血管生成过程中形成空洞的过程中遭到破坏。在先前开发的由两个积极相互作用的固相和一种流体形成的介质连续多相模型框架内，解决了浸入可变形细胞外基质中的单个细胞团的演变问题，并研究了所讨论的各种细胞机制在空腔结构形成中的作用。计算结果表明，细胞-基质类型的活性相互作用比细胞间相互作用占优势，这导致细胞向细胞团的外部边界移位，并为在细胞团内部形成空腔创造了条件。由于活跃的细胞间相互作用，细胞的酶活性有助于腾出空间来压实细胞团，并减缓细胞相浓度曲线上升的速度。细胞所占区域内流体压力的增加会加速细胞相和基质浓度的重新分布。流体压力会促进细胞相在细胞团边界附近聚集，并增加其中心部分的基质浓度。只有在所有机制的共同作用下，才会形成这样一种结构：由细胞相形成的层包围着被流体占据的空腔，而空腔中的基质浓度则呈现出完全消失的趋势。

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引用次数: 0

Regimes of Displacement from an Anisotropic Formation during Injection of Fluid through a Vertical Well 各向异性地层在垂直井注入流体过程中的位移状态

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824602250

A. I. Andreeva, A. A. Afanasyev

Abstract

The regimes of fluid displacement from a formation developed by a system of vertical wells are studied within the framework of the cross-sectional problem of flow through a porous medium. The case of an anisotropic formation in which the effect of buoyancy of the displacing fluid is significant is considered. It is shown that in the generic case the displacement process is characterized by five similarity criteria, one of them determines the intervals of fluid flow from the well to the formation. The limiting cases of the displacement regimes in which the number of constitutive similarity parameters can be reduced are described. The influence of these parameters on the recovery factor and the sweep efficiency is studied. A diagram of displacement regimes that constrains the areas of influence of the similarity criteria and the revealed limiting cases is constructed. The results of the present study may be useful in the oil and gas industry in estimating the efficiency of various field development methods.

摘要在流经多孔介质的横截面问题框架内，研究了由垂直井系统开发的地层中流体的位移情况。考虑了各向异性地层的情况，其中位移流体的浮力影响很大。研究表明，在一般情况下，位移过程有五个相似性标准，其中一个标准决定了流体从油井流向地层的间隔。描述了可减少构造相似性参数数量的位移极限情况。研究了这些参数对采收率和扫井效率的影响。绘制了一张位移状态图，该图限制了相似性标准的影响范围和所揭示的极限情况。本研究的结果可能有助于石油和天然气行业估算各种油田开发方法的效率。

引用次数: 0

Turbulent Swirled Wall Jets 湍流漩涡壁式喷流

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q4 MECHANICS

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824602833

A. M. Gaifullin, A. S. Shcheglov

Abstract

Numerical simulation is applied to investigate the outflow of an incompressible three-dimensional turbulent swirled wall jet. The purpose of the study is to determine the jet flow structure and to compare the characteristics of swirled and nonswirled jets. The numerical solution of the equations of motion is obtained using large eddy simulation with wall resolution (WRLES). The results of the modeling are compared with the data of a unique published study devoted to experimental investigation of swirled wall jets.

摘要应用数值模拟研究了不可压缩三维湍流漩涡壁射流的流出情况。研究的目的是确定射流的流动结构，并比较漩涡射流和非漩涡射流的特征。运动方程的数值解是通过带壁分辨率的大涡模拟（WRLES）获得的。建模结果与已发表的专门用于漩涡壁面喷流实验研究的数据进行了比较。

引用次数: 0

Asymptotic Study of Flows Induced by Oscillations of Cylindrical Bodies 圆柱形物体振荡引起的流动的渐近研究

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q3 Chemical Engineering

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824602110

A. N. Nuriev, O. N. Zaitseva, A. M. Kamalutdinov, E. E. Bogdanovich, A. R. Baimuratova

Abstract

Hydrodynamic flows induced by translational oscillations of cylindrical bodies of various cross-sectional shapes are studied. The motion of fluid around oscillating bodies is described using the system of Navier–Stokes equations written in a generalized curvilinear coordinate system. Transition to a given body shape is implemented using a conformal mapping. The problem is solved using the method of successive asymptotic expansions under the assumption that the oscillation amplitudes are small. In each asymptotic approximation, the subproblems are solved numerically using the finite-difference method. Based on the results of the work, estimates of the hydrodynamic effect are obtained, the applicability of the high-frequency asymptotic approximation is estimated, and secondary stationary flows near cylinders are studied, in particular, the occurrence of directed stationary flows near an oscillating asymmetric body is considered with reference to the Joukowski airfoil.

摘要研究了各种截面形状的圆柱体平移摆动引起的流体力学流动。流体围绕摆动体的运动是用广义曲线坐标系中的纳维-斯托克斯方程组描述的。通过保角映射实现向给定体形的过渡。在振荡振幅较小的假设下，采用连续渐近展开法来解决这个问题。在每次渐近中，都使用有限差分法对子问题进行数值求解。根据工作结果，获得了流体动力效应的估计值，估计了高频渐近近似的适用性，并研究了圆柱体附近的二次静止流，特别是参照 Joukowski 机翼，考虑了振荡不对称体附近定向静止流的出现。

引用次数: 0

Development of the Wave Motion Induced by Near-Bottom Periodic Disturbances in a Two-Layer Shear Current 两层剪切流中近底周期性扰动诱发的波浪运动的发展过程

IF 0.9 4区工程技术 Q3 Chemical Engineering

Fluid Dynamics

Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1134/s0015462824602122

I. V. Sturova

Abstract

The behavior of wave motion arising in an ideal incompressible homogeneous fluid under switching-on periodic bottom disturbances is studied in the linear approximation for the two-dimensional non-stationary problem. In the undisturbed state, the velocities of two-layer fluid flow are linear functions of the vertical coordinate in each of the layers with different gradients and coincide on the boundary of the layers. The upper boundary of fluid can be either free or bounded by the rigid cover. The dispersion dependences and the group velocities of the appearing wave modes are determined. The vertical displacements of the free surface and the interface between the layers are calculated. A comparison with the solution for a single-layer fluid is carried out.

摘要在二维非稳态问题的线性近似中，研究了理想的不可压缩均质流体在切换周期性底部扰动下产生的波浪运动行为。在无扰动状态下，两层流体流动的速度是各层纵坐标的线性函数，梯度不同，并在各层边界上重合。流体的上边界可以是自由的，也可以由刚性覆盖层限定。确定了出现的波模的频散依赖性和群速度。计算了自由表面和层间界面的垂直位移。与单层流体的解法进行了比较。

引用次数: 0

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