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Growth performance and agrometeorological indices of rice under different establishment methods 不同种植方法下水稻的生长表现和农业气象指数
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2338
KULDEEP KAUR, K. K. Gill, PRITPAL SINGH, S. S. Sandhu
The field experiment was conducted to study the growth performance and agrometeorological indices of rice for cultivars i.e. PR 122, PR 126 and Pusa 44 grown under direct seeded rice (DSR) and puddled transplanted rice (PTR) conditions during kharif 2020 and 2021 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Results revealed that the accumulated growing degree days (AGDD), accumulated helio-thermal units (AHTU) and accumulated photo thermal units (APTU) were higher in PTR than DSR, while radiation use efficiency (RUE) was higher in DSR in terms of dry matter production and in terms of grain yield RUE was higher in PTR. Heat use efficiency (HUE) was also higher in DSR. AGDD, AHTU and APTU were also higher in Pusa 44, however, RUE and HUE were higher in PR 126 in terms of grain yield and dry matter. Among nitrogen levels, N3 (Leaf colour chart-based nitrogen application) gives at par yield with N1 (Recommended) and N2 (125 % of recommended). Optimum nitrogen level is helpful to get higher light interception rate and RUE while HUE was highest in N2 followed by N1 and N3.
该田间试验旨在研究 2020 年和 2021 年种植季期间在卢迪亚纳旁遮普农业大学直播稻(DSR)和水田移栽稻(PTR)条件下种植的水稻品种(即 PR 122、PR 126 和 Pusa 44)的生长表现和农业气象指数。结果显示,与直播稻相比,坑插稻的累积生长度日(AGDD)、累积日热单位(AHTU)和累积光热单位(APTU)更高,而就干物质产量而言,直播稻的辐射利用效率(RUE)更高,就谷物产量而言,坑插稻的辐射利用效率更高。热量利用效率(HUE)也是单作区高。普萨 44 的 AGDD、AHTU 和 APTU 也较高,但就谷物产量和干物质而言,PR 126 的 RUE 和 HUE 较高。在施氮水平中,N3(基于叶色图的施氮)的产量与 N1(推荐值)和 N2(推荐值的 125%)相当。最佳施氮水平有助于获得更高的截光率和RUE,而N2的HUE最高,其次是N1和N3。
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引用次数: 0
An assessment of the impact of climate on wheat yield in Indo-Gangetic plain region of India: A panel data analysis 印度印度河-甘地平原地区气候对小麦产量影响的评估:面板数据分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2535
ANUJ KUMAR, SWAMI PRASAD SAXENA
This paper is an attempt to assess the impact of climate on wheat yield in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) region of India by using panel data analysis. Five IGP states namely Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal have been considered to frame a panel. The study used the data of climatic and non-climatic variables from 1990 to 2022 to achieve the objective of the study. The Im-Pesaran-Shin unit-root test was applied to check the stationarity of data. The results of the panel least square dummy variable model indicated that all the climatic variables had non significant influence. Among non-climatic variables that help increase wheat yield, fertilizer consumption and mechanization in agriculture were found to have a significant positive impact on wheat yield in the IGP region of India.
本文试图通过面板数据分析,评估气候对印度印度河平原(IGP)地区小麦产量的影响。研究考虑了五个 IGP 邦,即旁遮普邦、哈里亚纳邦、北方邦、比哈尔邦和西孟加拉邦,以构建面板数据。研究使用了 1990 年至 2022 年的气候和非气候变量数据来实现研究目标。采用 Im-Pesaran-Shin 单位根检验来检查数据的静止性。面板最小平方虚拟变量模型的结果表明,所有气候变量的影响都不显著。在有助于提高小麦产量的非气候变量中,化肥消耗和农业机械化对印度 IGP 地区的小麦产量有显著的积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Development of weather based statistical models for Rhizoctonia aerial blight disease of soybean in Tarai region of Uttarakhand 针对北阿坎德邦塔赖地区大豆根瘤菌气疫病开发基于天气的统计模型
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2530
Mukta Nainwal, Anurag Satpathi, Rajeev Ranjan, A. Nain
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引用次数: 0
Blue and green water footprint assessment of rice crop in high altitude temperate zone of Kashmir, India 印度克什米尔高海拔温带地区水稻作物的蓝色和绿色水足迹评估
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2569
Shafaq Hassan, Aditya Rana
The water footprint (WF) for rice has been calculated from 2010 to 2022 for three different districts viz Anantnag, Budgam and Baramulla representing three different climatic regions of Kashmir valley. CROPWAT 8.0 model was used to calculate effective rainfall, reference evapotranspiration (ETo), crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and thereby the green and blue water footprint of rice was determined. ET0 was 117-133 mm in Budgam district, 100-112 mm in Baramulla district and 143-155 mm in Anantnag district. ETc in Budgam was found in the range of 136-149 m3ha-1, in Baramulla district it was found in the range of 115-140 m3ha-1 and in Anantnag district it was highest of the three districts ranging from 163-178 m3ha-1.The results showed that the WF was the highest (3444 l kg-1) in Baramulla district followed by 2300 l kg-1 in Anantnag and 2003 l kg-1 in Budgam districts. The share of green and blue components of WF (WFgreen and WFblue) also varied with the locations and in years. WFgreen and WFblue contributed more or less equally in Baramulla district, 68% and 32% respectively in Burmuda district and 60% and 40 % in Anantnag districts respectively.
从 2010 年到 2022 年,对代表克什米尔山谷三个不同气候区的三个不同地区(即安南塔纳格、布德加姆和巴拉穆拉)的水稻水足迹(WF)进行了计算。利用 CROPWAT 8.0 模型计算了有效降雨量、参考蒸散量(ETo)和作物蒸散量(ETc),从而确定了水稻的绿色和蓝色水足迹。布德加姆地区的 ET0 为 117-133 毫米,巴拉穆拉地区为 100-112 毫米,安南塔纳格地区为 143-155 毫米。结果显示,巴拉穆拉地区的水耗量最高(3444 升/千克-1),其次是安南塔纳格地区的 2300 升/千克-1 和布加姆地区的 2003 升/千克-1。水样中绿色和蓝色成分(绿色水样和蓝色水样)所占的比例也因地点和年份而异。在巴拉穆拉县,WFgreen 和 WFblue 的比例大致相同,在布尔穆达县分别为 68% 和 32%,在安南塔纳格县分别为 60% 和 40%。
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引用次数: 0
Weather induced physiological responses on the flowering habits of neem trees (Azadirachta indica) 天气对印度楝树(Azadirachta indica)开花习性的生理反应
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2335
R. Balasree, G. Dheebakaran, A. Senthil, N. K. Sathyamoorthy, P. S. Ganapati, K. Pugazenthi
Adaptability and significant economic value of the neem tree are well-known, as it can flourish in a variety of environmental conditions. While the neem seed production is highly sensitive to prevailing weather conditions during the reproductive phase and flowering behaviour of the tree. A study was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore in 2023 with the primary objective of validating the weather influence on neem seed production using the logics of physiological responses, as a continuation of research conducted the previous year (2022). During the pre-flowering and flowering stages, diverse weather conditions led to notable changes in the physiological traits of neem trees, which displayed varying patterns of flowering. Trees that flowered consistently showed elevated levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) oxidase, relative water content, and nitrate reductase compared to those that lacked flowers or produced intermittently. In the flowering stage, the neem trees responded positively in terms of physiological aspects like IAA oxidase, relative water content, nitrate reductase, and exhibited lower proline levels, which can be attributed to the optimal maximum temperature, rainfall, and soil moisture. Proline levels rose during the pre-flowering stage due to soil moisture deficits but fell during the flowering stage with the onset of rain. These physiological changes, driven by climatic factors, are likely to enhance the flowering, fruiting, and overall yield of neem trees.
楝树的适应性和重要经济价值是众所周知的,因为它可以在各种环境条件下生长茂盛。楝树种子的产量对楝树生殖期和开花期的天气条件非常敏感。2023 年,哥印拜陀泰米尔纳德邦农业大学开展了一项研究,主要目的是利用生理反应逻辑验证天气对楝树种子产量的影响,作为前一年(2022 年)研究的延续。在开花前和开花期,不同的天气条件导致楝树的生理特征发生显著变化,开花模式也各不相同。与不开花或间歇性开花的楝树相比,持续开花的楝树的吲哚乙酸(IAA)氧化酶、相对含水量和硝酸还原酶水平较高。在开花阶段,楝树在吲哚乙酸氧化酶、相对含水量、硝酸还原酶等生理方面表现出积极的反应,并表现出较低的脯氨酸水平,这可归因于最适宜的最高温度、降雨量和土壤湿度。脯氨酸水平在花前阶段因土壤水分不足而上升,但在开花阶段随着降雨的到来而下降。这些由气候因素驱动的生理变化可能会提高楝树的开花、结果和总产量。
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引用次数: 0
Climate change adaptation and mitigation in Indian agriculture 印度农业适应和缓解气候变化的情况
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2582
CH. Srinivasa Rao, Kirttiranjan Baral, V. MANI CHANADANA, M. JAGADESH, R. KARTHIK
Climate change poses significant challenges to Indian agriculture, impacting crop yields, water availability, and overall food security. To address these challenges, a combination of adaptation and mitigation strategies is crucial. Adaptation measures involve adjusting agricultural practices to changing climate conditions, such as altering planting schedules, implementing water-saving techniques, and promoting resilient crop varieties. Mitigation strategies focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities, like adopting sustainable farming practices and enhancing carbon sequestration in soils. In India, the integration of adaptation and mitigation efforts is essential to enhance the resilience of farmers and agricultural systems to climate change impacts while contributing to global climate goals. By combining traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches, Indian agriculture can navigate the complexities of climate change, ensuring sustainable food production and livelihood security for millions of farmers across the country. A concerted effort involving policymakers, researchers, extension workers, and farming communities is vital to bolster the resilience of Indian agriculture while contributing to global climate change mitigation efforts. Effective extension services are paramount for educating farmers and ensuring widespread adoption of these strategies. By prioritizing both adaptation and mitigation, Indian agriculture can navigate the challenges of climate change and ensure long-term food security.
气候变化给印度农业带来了重大挑战,影响到作物产量、供水和整体粮食安全。为应对这些挑战,必须将适应和减缓战略结合起来。适应措施包括调整农业做法以适应不断变化的气候条件,如改变种植计划、实施节水技术和推广抗逆性强的作物品种。减缓战略侧重于减少农业活动产生的温室气体排放,如采用可持续的耕作方法和加强土壤固碳。在印度,要提高农民和农业系统抵御气候变化影响的能力,同时为实现全球气候目标做出贡献,就必须将适应和减缓工作结合起来。通过将传统知识与现代科学方法相结合,印度农业可以驾驭复杂的气候变化,确保全国数百万农民的可持续粮食生产和生计安全。政策制定者、研究人员、推广人员和农业社区齐心协力,对于增强印度农业的抗灾能力,同时为全球气候变化减缓工作做出贡献至关重要。有效的推广服务对于教育农民和确保广泛采用这些战略至关重要。通过优先考虑适应和减缓,印度农业可以应对气候变化的挑战,确保长期粮食安全。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of heat and cold wave incidences and their link with land surface temperature in Bathinda district of Punjab, India 印度旁遮普省巴辛达地区热浪和寒潮发生率评估及其与地表温度的联系
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2398
Anjusha Sanjay Gawai, Raj Kumar Pal, SOMPAL SINGH
This study investigates the incidence of heat wave and cold wave condition during 2000 – 2022 in the Bathinda district of South-Western region of Punjab. Notable spikes in heat wave (HW) activity were observed in 2002 and 2022 with 29 and 27 days respectively. Similarly, for severe heat waves (SHW), 2010 and 2022 witnessed the highest frequencies recording 16 and 18 days respectively. Conversely, cold wave (CW) events peaked in 2005 and 2008 with 10 and 11 days respectively. Notably, 2008 also observed the highest frequency of severe cold wave (SCW) days with 15 days. However, results revealed decline in cold wave days towards the latter years, while severe cold wave days also exhibited decreasing frequencies like 2015 and 2016 recorded zero CW and SCW days. One key finding highlights a substantial correlation between land surface temperature (LST) and maximum air temperature during heat wave periods (R2 = 0.83), indicating LST's efficacy as an indicator for monitoring temperature trends during heat wave events.
本研究调查了 2000 年至 2022 年旁遮普省西南部地区巴辛达县的热浪和寒潮发生情况。在 2002 年和 2022 年,热浪(HW)活动明显激增,分别达到 29 天和 27 天。同样,在严重热浪(SHW)方面,2010 年和 2022 年出现的频率最高,分别为 16 天和 18 天。相反,寒潮(CW)活动在 2005 年和 2008 年达到高峰,分别为 10 天和 11 天。值得注意的是,2008 年也出现了频率最高的强寒潮(SCW),达 15 天。然而,结果显示,寒潮日数在后几年有所减少,而强寒潮日数也呈现出频率下降的趋势,如 2015 年和 2016 年的寒潮日数和强寒潮日数均为零。一项重要发现强调了热浪期间陆地表面温度(LST)与最高气温之间的显著相关性(R2 = 0.83),表明陆地表面温度可作为热浪事件期间监测气温趋势的指标。
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引用次数: 0
Trend and frequency analysis of western disturbances and its impact on major crops of Solan district of Himachal Pradesh 西部扰动的趋势和频率分析及其对喜马偕尔邦索兰县主要农作物的影响
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2342
Prakriti Dadial, Mohan Singh, Purnima Mehta
The study was conducted to examine the trend and frequency distribution of western disturbances (WD) and their effect on crops grown in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. The daily rainfall data was collected for the period of 1971–2021. The results revealed that during the period of 50 years, the WD arrived as early as in the month of October and occurred as late as in May in the Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. The duration of WD persisted for 1 to 5 days. The number of WD with 1 day duration was found to be highest in May (89) and lowest during the month of November (21). The Man-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator analysed an annual increasing trend of Z=2.62 number of WD year-1 and Q=0.47 number of WD year-1. The deterministic coefficient explained the positive relationship between the number of WD and productivity at the development stage while showing a negative relationship at the maturity stage of different crops. 
这项研究旨在考察西部扰动(WD)的趋势和频率分布及其对喜马偕尔邦索兰地区农作物生长的影响。研究收集了 1971-2021 年期间的日降雨量数据。结果显示,在这 50 年间,西部扰动最早出现在喜马偕尔邦索兰地区的 10 月份,最晚出现在 5 月份。WD 持续时间为 1 至 5 天。持续 1 天的 WD 在 5 月份最多(89 次),在 11 月份最少(21 次)。根据 Man-Kendall 和 Sen 的斜率估计分析,每年的 WD 数量呈上升趋势,Z=2.62,Q=0.47。确定性系数解释了不同作物在生长发育阶段 WD 数量与生产率之间的正相关关系,而在成熟阶段则表现为负相关关系。
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引用次数: 0
Innovative trend analysis of annual rainfall in Iraq during 1980-2021 1980-2021 年伊拉克年降雨量创新趋势分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2561
A. Al-Lami, Y. Al-Timimi, Ali Al-Salihi
Rainfall trend analysis is essential for managing water resources, agriculture, disaster management, and climate change research. The current study aims to examine annual rainfall variability and trend over 38 meteorological stations in Iraq during the period (1980-2021) using three tests: linear regression analysis (LRA), Mann-Kendall (MK), and the innovative trend analysis (ITA). The results of the three different tests showed that most stations recorded a decreasing trend except for four stations in ITA, six stations in MK, and seven stations in the LRA test, which exhibit a positive trend. However, three stations, Emaidyah, Rabiah, and Biji, showed an increasing trend for all three tests. The ITA test recorded more significant results (14 stations) than the other two tests. The larger significant result appeared in the significance level of 95 % (nine in LRA, eight in MK, and five in ITA). The outcomes of the three trend-detection approaches by assessing the statistical significance levels, 90 %, 95 %, and 99 %, revealed no significant trend in 16 stations dispersed throughout the various climatic zones of Iraq. Only Emadiayah station indicated a positive trend at the significance of 99 %. The overall results showed that the ITA test outperformed the MK and LRA tests since it produced more significant results.
降雨趋势分析对于水资源管理、农业、灾害管理和气候变化研究至关重要。本研究旨在利用线性回归分析(LRA)、曼-肯德尔(MK)和创新趋势分析(ITA)三种测试方法,研究伊拉克 38 个气象站在 1980-2021 年期间的年降雨量变化和趋势。三种不同测试的结果表明,除 4 个测站(ITA)、6 个测站(MK)和 7 个测站(LRA)呈正趋势外,大多数测站都呈下降趋势。不过,Emaidyah、Rabiah 和 Biji 这三个站点在所有三项测试中均呈上升趋势。与其他两个测试相比,ITA 测试记录了更多的显著结果(14 个站点)。在显著性水平为 95 % 时,显著性结果较多(LRA 为 9 个,MK 为 8 个,ITA 为 5 个)。通过评估统计显著性水平 90%、95% 和 99%,三种趋势检测方法的结果显示,分布在伊拉克各气候区的 16 个站点均无显著趋势。只有 Emadiayah 站在 99 % 的显著性水平上显示出积极趋势。总体结果表明,ITA 检验结果优于 MK 和 LRA 检验结果,因为它产生的结果更显著。
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引用次数: 0
Water use efficiency and water productivity of aerobic rice under drip irrigation and fertigation system by using daily soil water balance 利用土壤日水平衡研究滴灌施肥系统下好氧水稻的用水效率和水分生产率
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54386/jam.v26i2.2550
Anbarasu Mariyappillai, G. Arumugam, K. M
{"title":"Water use efficiency and water productivity of aerobic rice under drip irrigation and fertigation system by using daily soil water balance","authors":"Anbarasu Mariyappillai, G. Arumugam, K. M","doi":"10.54386/jam.v26i2.2550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54386/jam.v26i2.2550","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56127,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agrometeorology","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Agrometeorology
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