Safety and Health at Work最新文献_第7页

Development of the Quality of Life Scale for Shift-working Nurses 轮班护士生活质量量表的编制

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.004

Soner Berşe , Hüseyin Çapuk , Ali Ağar

Background and aim

Shift work is known to have a significant impact on the health and well-being of nurses, and there is a need for practical tools to assess this impact. This study introduces the “Quality of Life Scale for Shift-Working Nurses” (QoLS-SWN), which was developed to provide a reliable and valid tool for assessing the effects of shift work on nurses' health and well-being.

Methods

This study employed a methodological research design to develop and validate a new scale for assessing the quality of life of shift-working nurses. Data were collected from two samples of nurses working in various hospitals. The first sample (n = 202) was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify the scale's underlying factor structure. The second sample (n = 246) was used for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the identified structure. The development process included an extensive literature review, expert consultations, and pilot testing. Factor analysis and reliability tests were conducted to ensure that the scale is highly reliable.

Results

The QoLS-SWN demonstrated excellent reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.95, and factor loadings ranging from 0.56 to 0.90. The scale comprises three dimensions: physical and mental exhaustion, health risks and job safety, and social and psychological interactions, explaining 71.89% of the total variance. CFA affirmed the structural validity of the scale, with fit indices indicating a good model fit (CMIN/df = 2.33, GFI = 0.86, IFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.94, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.07).

Conclusion

The QoLS-SWN is a reliable and valid tool for measuring the impact of shift work on nurses' quality of life. By providing insights into the multifaceted consequences of shift work, the scale may guide the development of targeted interventions to enhance nurses' quality of life. This scale can inform nursing practice and policy, ultimately improving nurse well-being and patient care outcomes.

背景和目的众所周知，轮班工作对护士的健康和福祉有重大影响，需要实用的工具来评估这种影响。本研究引入“轮班护士生活质量量表”（QoLS-SWN），为评估轮班工作对护士健康和幸福的影响提供一个可靠和有效的工具。方法采用方法学研究设计，编制并验证一套新的轮班护士生活质量评估量表。数据从两个在不同医院工作的护士样本中收集。第一个样本（n = 202）用于探索性因子分析（EFA），以确定量表的潜在因素结构。第二个样本（n = 246）用于验证性因子分析（CFA）来验证鉴定的结构。开发过程包括广泛的文献回顾、专家咨询和试点测试。进行因子分析和信度检验，确保量表具有较高的信度。结果QoLS-SWN具有良好的信度，Cronbach's alpha为0.95，因子负荷范围为0.56 ~ 0.90。该量表包括三个维度：身心疲惫、健康风险和工作安全、社会和心理互动，解释了总方差的71.89%。CFA证实了量表的结构效度，拟合指标表明模型拟合良好（CMIN/df = 2.33, GFI = 0.86, IFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.94, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.07）。结论QoLS-SWN是衡量轮班工作对护士生活质量影响的可靠、有效的工具。通过深入了解轮班工作的多方面后果，该量表可以指导制定有针对性的干预措施，以提高护士的生活质量。该量表可以为护理实践和政策提供信息，最终改善护士福祉和患者护理结果。

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引用次数: 0

Do Short-Term Improvements in Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Have Association With Return to Work in Workers With Occupational Injury? From an Occupational Injury Cohort in Taiwan 短期改善日常生活活动和日常生活工具活动是否与工伤工人重返工作岗位有关？台湾一职业伤害队列研究

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.12.003

Fa-Chen Lin , Chia-Pin Lin , Hung-Yi Chuang , Tse-Wei Wu , Peng-Ju Huang , Chen-Cheng Yang , Chao-Hung Kuo

Background

Rates of return to work (RTW) after an occupational injury vary considerably according to a range of factors. Limited studies have been conducted on the specific correlation between RTW and functional assessments, including activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). This prospective cohort study aims to determine if a relationship exists between ADL/IADL and RTW among injured workers in Taiwan.

Methods

We recruited 162 workers who reported work-related injuries from January 2023 to May 2024. The assessment of ADL was evaluated using the Barthel Index, whereas IADL was evaluated using the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. ADL/IADL were assessed immediately after the injury, at 3 and 6 months postinjury. Logistic regression models were used for the connections between ADL, IADL, and RTW while considering various confounding factors.

Results

The mean ADL and IADL improved significantly at both 3 and 6 months postinjury. Logistic regression analysis indicated that IADL scores at 3 and 6 months postinjury were significantly linked to RTW. ADL scores lost significance after adjustment. Age was negatively associated with RTW, whereas sex and labor insurance status showed no significant association.

Conclusion

Short-term improvements in IADL are linked to successful RTW, rather than ADL for occupationally injured workers. Evaluations of IADL should be incorporated into rehabilitation plans to predict and improve RTW. Thorough rehabilitation approaches that address various aspects of functional abilities may be crucial to support successful RTW. Further studies are required to validate these results.

职业伤害后重返工作岗位（RTW）的比率根据一系列因素而有很大差异。关于RTW与功能评估（包括日常生活活动（ADL）和日常生活工具活动（IADL））之间具体相关性的研究有限。本前瞻性队列研究旨在探讨台湾工伤工人的ADL/IADL与RTW之间是否存在关系。方法从2023年1月至2024年5月，我们招募了162名报告工伤的工人。ADL采用Barthel指数评估，IADL采用劳顿日常生活工具活动量表评估。损伤后立即、损伤后3个月和6个月评估ADL/IADL。在考虑各种混杂因素的情况下，采用Logistic回归模型分析ADL、IADL和RTW之间的关系。结果损伤后3、6个月平均ADL和IADL均有明显改善。Logistic回归分析显示，损伤后3个月和6个月的IADL评分与RTW显著相关。调整后ADL评分无显著性。年龄与RTW呈负相关，性别与劳保状况无显著相关。结论成功的RTW与短期内IADL的改善有关，而与职业损伤工人的ADL无关。IADL的评价应纳入康复计划，以预测和改善RTW。针对功能能力各个方面的彻底康复方法可能是支持成功的RTW的关键。需要进一步的研究来验证这些结果。

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引用次数: 0

Exploration of Barriers and Facilitators to Healthy Eating in UK Truck Drivers 英国卡车司机健康饮食的障碍和促进因素的探索

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.12.001

Katharina B. Ruettger , Elizabeth Stamp , James A. King , Stacy A. Clemes

Background

The working environment of truck drivers promotes unhealthy lifestyle behaviours including physical inactivity and poor dietary choices. This leads to high levels of chronic diseases and a reduced life expectancy compared to other occupational groups. However, little is known about how drivers in the UK perceive their working environment and how this affects their food choices. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of long-haul (8–10-hour shifts) truck drivers’ needs regarding healthy food choices whilst on the road to better inform future health promotion programmes and policy needs.

Methods

Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted, allowing an in-depth exploration of truck drivers’ experiences. The interview guide was grounded within the COM-B model and theoretical domains framework. Audio recordings were anonymised and transcribed verbatim and data analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Ten drivers (8 male) were interviewed with a mean age of 49 years (SD 9.7). Frequently mentioned barriers to healthy eating were limited availability of affordable healthy food options at truck stops, food storage limitations, and limited time for food preparation. Commonly reported facilitators to improve drivers' diet were flexible break times, shorter shifts, secure parking places and/or better-equipped vehicles.

Conclusions

Limited availability of healthy food options, high costs, poor facilities within rest areas, long working hours/shifts, and lack of food storage and preparation time, negatively impacts UK truck drivers’ eating behaviours. This study highlights that multi-component interventions targeting the individual, environment and policy, are ultimately needed to improve truck drivers’ working conditions and health.

卡车司机的工作环境促进了不健康的生活方式行为，包括缺乏运动和不良的饮食选择。与其他职业群体相比，这导致了高水平的慢性病和较短的预期寿命。然而，对于英国司机如何看待他们的工作环境以及这如何影响他们的食物选择，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在更好地了解长途（8 - 10小时轮班）卡车司机在路上对健康食品选择的需求，以便更好地为未来的健康促进计划和政策需求提供信息。方法采用半结构化访谈法，对货车司机的驾驶经历进行深入探讨。访谈指南以COM-B模型和理论领域框架为基础。录音经过匿名处理，逐字抄录，数据采用专题分析进行分析。结果10名司机（男8名），平均年龄49岁（SD 9.7）。人们经常提到的健康饮食障碍是，卡车停靠站提供的负担得起的健康食品选择有限，食品储存限制，以及准备食物的时间有限。据报道，改善司机饮食习惯的因素通常是灵活的休息时间、更短的班次、安全的停车位和/或装备更好的车辆。结论：健康食品选择有限，成本高，休息区设施差，工作时间长，食物储存和准备时间不足，对英国卡车司机的饮食行为产生了负面影响。这项研究强调，最终需要针对个人、环境和政策的多成分干预措施来改善卡车司机的工作条件和健康。

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引用次数: 0

Current Status of Processes and Hazardous Chemicals of Lithium-ion Battery Industries in the Republic of Korea 韩国锂离子电池工业的工艺和危险化学品现状

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.10.005

Miyeon Jang , Gwangyong Yi , Hyeonjin Jeon , Chungsik Yoon

Background

With global trends of carbon neutrality and ecofriendliness, the demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been rapidly increasing. However, occupational health research within this sector is significantly lacking. Thus, this study aimed to understand the industrial value chain, processes, and current status of hazardous chemicals associated with LIBs.

Methods

Through a literature review and a survey of business sites, the LIB industry was categorized into 10 industrial groups. We visited 32 workplaces in the Republic of Korea, and conducted on-site surveys.

Results

Primary mineral raw materials used in LIBs include lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), and aluminum (Al) often in compound forms, alongside graphite, posing significant challenges in management due to their micrometer-sized particles. Furthermore, metals used in a salt form (such as LiOH or sulfate salts) can irritate the skin or respiratory system, particularly Ni and Co known to be toxic substances designated as human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Acids, bases, and various solvents are also used to improve batteries' electrical properties. Dichloromethane classified as carcinogenic 2A by the International Agency for Research on Cancer is widely used in the separator industry. Carbonate-based solvents are widely used in electrolytes with potential for exposure in battery cell manufacturers and recycling industries. However, they are not classified as regulated substances, leading to inadequate management practices.

Conclusion

This study identified processes of each industry and chemical substances utilized in the LIB industry in the Republic of Korea. Based on this study, it is necessary to implement appropriate management measures tailored to industrial processes and types of harmful factors.

随着全球碳中和和生态友好的趋势，对锂离子电池（lib）的需求迅速增加。然而，这一部门的职业健康研究明显缺乏。因此，本研究旨在了解与lib相关的工业价值链、过程和危险化学品的现状。方法通过文献综述和企业选址调查，将锂离子电池产业划分为10个产业群。我们访问了韩国的32个工作场所，并进行了现场调查。结果锂离子电池中使用的主要矿物原料包括锂（Li）、镍（Ni）、钴（Co）、锰（Mn）和铝（Al），通常以化合物形式存在，此外还有石墨，由于它们的颗粒只有微米大小，因此在管理方面构成了重大挑战。此外，以盐的形式使用的金属（如LiOH或硫酸盐）会刺激皮肤或呼吸系统，特别是镍和钴，这两种已知的有毒物质被国际癌症研究机构指定为人类致癌物。酸、碱和各种溶剂也用于改善电池的电性能。二氯甲烷被国际癌症研究机构列为2A致癌物，广泛应用于分离器行业。碳酸基溶剂广泛应用于电池制造商和回收行业中具有潜在暴露的电解质。然而，它们没有被归类为受管制物质，导致管理实践不足。本研究确定了韩国LIB工业中每个行业的工艺和使用的化学物质。在此基础上，有必要针对工业流程和有害因素类型实施相应的管理措施。

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引用次数: 0

Development of an Enhanced Risk Assessment Model for Human–Robot Collaboration and its Application 一种增强的人机协作风险评估模型及其应用

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.12.002

Kangdon Lee , Jae-Yong Lim

Background

Collaborative robots have emerged as a solution for complex and precision-driven tasks. However, there is no comprehensive risk assessment model for collaborative robotic work in the Republic of Korea. Thus, we aim to develop a risk assessment model tailored to the unique characteristics of human-robot collaboration.

Methods

In this study, we examine the risk assessment factors in three key fields: worker, robotic systems, and work environment. The items adopted in the existing models of HFACS, USUS, and human–robot trust were initially selected to extract items for the risk assessment model. The analytic hierarchy process methodology was applied to refine and prioritize the evaluation items. Score scales were constructed for the six checklists. A five-level score ranging from one to five was given to each question in the checklist, and the average score was used to quantitatively evaluate each area.

Results

The six evaluation checklists coalesced to constitute a comprehensive risk assessment model was adjusted for collaborative robot operations. Implementing the proposed model in six robot-operated workplaces yielded consistent results. Companies involved in previous robot-related accidents exhibited deficiencies in these risks than accident-free robot workplaces. Thus, comprehensive risk assessments encompassing the necessary factors are crucial to prevent accidents in robot-related work environments.

Conclusion

The proposed risk assessment model can offer a robust foundation for guiding the future development of diverse risk assessment models for collaborative robot environments and facilitate the safe coexistence of humans and robots in the Industry 4.0 era.

协作机器人已经成为复杂和精确任务的解决方案。然而，在韩国没有针对协作机器人工作的综合风险评估模型。因此，我们的目标是开发一种适合人机协作独特特征的风险评估模型。方法研究人员、机器人系统和工作环境三个关键领域的风险评估因素。初步选取现有HFACS、USUS、人机信任模型中采用的项目，提取项目用于风险评估模型。采用层次分析法对评价项目进行细化和排序。为六个检查表构建了评分量表。对清单中的每个问题给出1到5分的5个等级的分数，并用平均分数对每个领域进行定量评价。结果将6个评估清单合并成一个综合风险评估模型，对机器人协同作业进行了调整。在六个机器人操作的工作场所实施所提出的模型产生了一致的结果。与没有发生事故的机器人工作场所相比，之前发生过机器人相关事故的公司在这些风险方面表现出了不足。因此，包含必要因素的全面风险评估对于防止机器人相关工作环境中的事故至关重要。结论所建立的风险评估模型可为指导未来协作机器人环境中多种风险评估模型的发展提供坚实的基础，促进工业4.0时代人类与机器人的安全共存。

{"title":"Development of an Enhanced Risk Assessment Model for Human–Robot Collaboration and its Application","authors":"Kangdon Lee , Jae-Yong Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Collaborative robots have emerged as a solution for complex and precision-driven tasks. However, there is no comprehensive risk assessment model for collaborative robotic work in the Republic of Korea. Thus, we aim to develop a risk assessment model tailored to the unique characteristics of human-robot collaboration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we examine the risk assessment factors in three key fields: worker, robotic systems, and work environment. The items adopted in the existing models of HFACS, USUS, and human–robot trust were initially selected to extract items for the risk assessment model. The analytic hierarchy process methodology was applied to refine and prioritize the evaluation items. Score scales were constructed for the six checklists. A five-level score ranging from one to five was given to each question in the checklist, and the average score was used to quantitatively evaluate each area.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The six evaluation checklists coalesced to constitute a comprehensive risk assessment model was adjusted for collaborative robot operations. Implementing the proposed model in six robot-operated workplaces yielded consistent results. Companies involved in previous robot-related accidents exhibited deficiencies in these risks than accident-free robot workplaces. Thus, comprehensive risk assessments encompassing the necessary factors are crucial to prevent accidents in robot-related work environments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The proposed risk assessment model can offer a robust foundation for guiding the future development of diverse risk assessment models for collaborative robot environments and facilitate the safe coexistence of humans and robots in the Industry 4.0 era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Workplace Well-being: Unveiling the Dynamics of Leader–Member Exchange and Worker Safety Behavior Through Psychological Safety and Job Satisfaction 提升工作场所幸福感：通过心理安全和工作满意度揭示领导-成员交换和员工安全行为的动态

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.003

Aida Bennouna , Assia Boughaba , Salim Djabou , Mohamed Mouda

Background

In healthcare, ensuring safety is crucial for quality care and patient outcomes. While research links leader–member exchange (LMX) quality to safety behavior, this remains understudied in healthcare. Our study explores LMX's long-term impact on safety behavior, proposing a model that includes the moderated mediating role of psychological safety and job satisfaction in the relationship between LMX and safety behaviors, regarding compliance (SCB) and participation (SPB). By identifying the mechanisms through which LMX influences safety behavior, this study can provide insights into the development of interventions that promote workplace safety and enhance the well-being of healthcare workers.

Methods

We collected data from 325 Algerian healthcare workers across three public hospitals at three points. Through SmartPLS analysis, we used advanced features of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) alongside PROCESS analysis to evaluate the relationships within our proposed model.

Results

Our analysis found a significant association between higher LMX and increased job satisfaction that positively correlated with enhanced SCB adherence and mediated the LMX–SCB relationship. This relationship was strengthened with high psychological safety.

Conclusion

Our study emphasizes the crucial role of LMX quality in shaping safety behavior among Algerian healthcare workers, providing insights for cultivating a safety culture in healthcare settings, highlighting the significance of prioritizing LMX, JS, and PS to improve workplace safety and support healthcare worker well-being.

在医疗保健领域，确保安全对于高质量的护理和患者的治疗效果至关重要。虽然研究将领导-成员交换（LMX）质量与安全行为联系起来，但这在医疗保健领域仍未得到充分研究。本研究探讨了LMX对安全行为的长期影响，提出了一个包含心理安全和工作满意度在LMX与安全行为的关系中的调节中介作用的模型，包括依从性（SCB）和参与性（SPB）。通过确定LMX影响安全行为的机制，本研究可以为促进工作场所安全和提高医护人员福祉的干预措施的发展提供见解。方法：我们在三个地点从三家公立医院的325名阿尔及利亚医护人员中收集数据。通过SmartPLS分析，我们使用了偏最小二乘结构方程建模（PLS-SEM）的高级特征以及过程分析来评估我们提出的模型中的关系。结果研究发现，高工作满意度与高工作满意度之间存在显著的正相关关系，并介导了工作满意度与工作满意度之间的关系。这种关系在心理安全感高的情况下得到加强。我们的研究强调了LMX质量在塑造阿尔及利亚医护人员安全行为方面的关键作用，为在医疗环境中培养安全文化提供了见解，强调了优先考虑LMX、JS和PS以改善工作场所安全和支持医护人员福祉的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Asthma Among Manitoba Workers: Results from the Manitoba Occupational Disease Surveillance System 马尼托巴省工人中的哮喘：马尼托巴职业病监测系统的结果

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.07.002

Elizabeth Rydz , Randy Walld , Mieke W. Koehoorn , Christopher B. McLeod , Paul A. Demers , Cheryl E. Peters , Allen Kraut

Background

This study characterized the risk of new-onset asthma among workers in Manitoba, Canada.

Methods

Accepted time loss claims from the Workers' Compensation Board of Manitoba from 2006 to 2019, containing workers' occupations and industries, were linked with administrative health data from 1996 to 2020. After restricting the cohort to the first claim per person in an occupation and applying age and coverage exclusions, the cohort comprised 142,588 person–occupation combinations. Asthma cases were identified if workers had at least two medical records for asthma (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 493) within a 12-month period, within the 2 years before 3 years after cohort entry. New-onset asthma was identified using a 3-year washout period. Asthma hazard ratios by occupation and industry were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for age, and stratified by sex.

Results

Increased asthma risk was observed among workers with known asthmagen exposure, including male veterinary and animal health technologists and technicians (hazard ratio 3.97, 95% CI 1.78–8.86), male fish processing workers (3.40, 1.53–7.57), and male machining tool operators (2.91, 1.72–4.92). Increases were also observed for occupations with unknown or suspected allergens, including gas station attendants, drivers, mail/postal and related workers, public works and maintenance laborers, mine laborers and crane operators, and some indoor worker groups. Decreased risks were observed among nurses and residential and commercial installer and servicers.

Conclusion

This database linkage study successfully identified occupations and industries with known sensitizing agents or irritants, and several occupation and industries not typically associated with work-related asthma, warranting further investigation.

这项研究描述了加拿大马尼托巴省工人新发哮喘的风险。研究将马尼托巴省工人赔偿委员会 2006 年至 2019 年期间受理的工时损失索赔（包含工人的职业和行业）与 1996 年至 2020 年期间的行政健康数据联系起来。将队列限制为每人在某一职业中的首次索赔，并应用年龄和覆盖范围排除法后，队列由 142,588 个个人-职业组合组成。如果工人在进入队列 3 年后的前 2 年内，在 12 个月内至少有两次哮喘（《国际疾病分类》第九版，493）医疗记录，则可确定为哮喘病例。新发哮喘的确定采用了 3 年冲洗期。使用 Cox 比例危险模型估算了职业和行业的哮喘危险比，并对年龄和性别进行了调整。在已知暴露于哮喘原的工人中观察到哮喘风险增加，包括男性兽医和动物健康技术员和技师（危险比 3.97，95% CI 1.78-8.86）、男性鱼类加工工人（3.40，1.53-7.57）和男性机械加工工具操作员（2.91，1.72-4.92）。此外，还观察到不明过敏原或疑似过敏原的职业，包括加油站服务员、司机、邮件/邮政及相关工作人员、公共工程和维修工人、矿工和起重机操作员，以及一些室内工人群体的过敏风险也有所上升。据观察，护士、住宅和商业安装及维修人员的风险有所降低。这项数据库链接研究成功地发现了已知致敏因子或刺激物的职业和行业，以及一些通常与工作相关性哮喘无关的职业和行业，值得进一步调查。

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引用次数: 0

Examination of Stress Among Recruit and Incumbent Women Firefighters 新聘和在职女消防员的压力调查

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.10.003

Brittany S. Hollerbach , Nattinee Jitnarin , Maria D.H. Koeppel , Michelle Valenti , Shawn Beitel , Jaclyn M. Goodrich , Jefferey L. Burgess , Sara A. Jahnke

Background

Firefighting is risky and impacts the mental and physical health of personnel. While most research focuses on men firefighters, recent work has highlighted mental health concerns among women including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Social support is a known protective factor for mental health; however, women may be excluded from the supportive peer network of the firehouse.

Methods

This cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of perceived stress, peer (functional) support, anxiety, depression, PTSD, chronic work discrimination and harassment, resilience, and job satisfaction in recruit (n=184) and incumbent (n=200) career women firefighters.

Results

While depression and perceived stress did not differ between recruits and incumbents, recruits were more likely to score in the range of concern for anxiety (26.1% and 15.5%, respectively). Incumbents were more likely to score at risk for PTSD (16.5% and 10.3%, respectively) and more likely to report sex discrimination, sexual harassment, and sexist behaviors in the workplace. Compared to the low stress group, those who reported moderate or high stress were more likely to score in the range of concern for anxiety (OR=3.86, CI=1.76-8.89) and PTSD (OR=1.30, CI=1.15-1.47), and report poor organizational cohesion (OR=1.13, CI=1.02-1.25).

Conclusion

Addressing mental health in the context of women firefighters requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach including collaboration between fire departments, mental health professionals, advocacy groups, and the broader community.

消防工作具有危险性，影响人员的身心健康。虽然大多数研究都集中在男性消防员身上，但最近的工作强调了女性的心理健康问题，包括抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。众所周知，社会支持是心理健康的一个保护因素；然而，妇女可能被排除在消防站的支持性同伴网络之外。方法本研究比较了184名新入职女消防员和200名在职女消防员在感知压力、同伴（功能）支持、焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、长期工作歧视和骚扰、心理弹性和工作满意度等方面的患病率。结果新兵和在职人员在抑郁和感知压力方面没有差异，但新兵更有可能在焦虑关注范围内得分（分别为26.1%和15.5%）。在职者更有可能患PTSD（分别为16.5%和10.3%），更有可能报告工作场所的性别歧视、性骚扰和性别歧视行为。与低压力组相比，报告中度或高度压力的人更有可能在焦虑（or =3.86， CI=1.76-8.89）和创伤后应激障碍（or =1.30， CI=1.15-1.47）的关注范围得分，并报告较差的组织凝聚力（or =1.13， CI=1.02-1.25）。结论：解决女消防员的心理健康问题需要采取全面和多方面的方法，包括消防部门、心理健康专业人员、倡导团体和更广泛的社区之间的合作。

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引用次数: 0

Determination of Medical Faculty Clinical Students' Attitudes Towards Patient Safety: A Mixed Design Study 决定医学院临床学生对病人安全的态度：一项混合设计研究

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.09.006

Yasemin Güner , Kübra Yilmaz , Dilan Yurtseven , Tuğçe Mümin

Background

The study was planned to determine the attitudes of medical faculty students in clinics toward patient safety.

Methods

It is a mixed-design study using quantitative and qualitative methods. The “student information form” and the “Attitudes toward Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire (APSQ)” created using “Google Forms” were e-mailed to clinical students of the medical faculty. Quantitative data were collected from 125 students. Then, semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with six students from each class. The data were obtained through video and audio recordings of the 45-minute interviews through the Zoom program.

Results

According to the results, 86% of the 125 students did not receive any training on patient safety. The total score of the students on the APSQ was 94.87 ± 14.32. Six main themes and twenty sub-themes emerged from the qualitative data. The main themes are students' awareness of patient safety, students' misconceptions about “patient safety,” students' knowledge about the scope of patient safety, students' experiences with medical errors, deficiencies in educational processes on patient safety, and suggestions for educational approaches to patient safety.

Conclusions

After completing undergraduate medical education, physicians typically assume roles as general practitioners in various healthcare settings, such as hospital’s emergency departments, home care, or community health centers. The lack of awareness among medical students about patient safety is a significant concern that needs to be addressed. As stakeholders in their education, students recognize the importance of being well-prepared to provide safe and effective patient care in their future roles as physicians.

背景：本研究旨在探讨医学生在诊所对病人安全的态度。方法采用定量与定性相结合的混合设计方法。利用“谷歌表格”制作的“学生信息表”和“患者安全文化态度问卷（APSQ）”通过电子邮件发送给医学院临床学生。从125名学生中收集了定量数据。然后，对每个班的6名学生进行了半结构化的焦点小组访谈。这些数据是通过Zoom程序对45分钟的采访进行视频和音频记录获得的。结果125名学生中有86%没有接受过患者安全方面的培训。学生的APSQ总分为94.87±14.32分。从定性数据中产生了6个主要主题和20个次级主题。主题包括学生对患者安全的认识、学生对“患者安全”的误解、学生对患者安全范围的了解、学生对医疗事故的经历、患者安全教育过程中的不足，以及对患者安全教育方法的建议。在完成本科医学教育后，医生通常会在各种医疗机构担任全科医生的角色，如医院的急诊科、家庭护理或社区卫生中心。医学生对患者安全缺乏认识是一个需要解决的重大问题。作为教育的利益相关者，学生们认识到做好充分准备为他们未来的医生角色提供安全有效的患者护理的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-level Hierarchical Structure Analysis of Influencing Factors of Coal Mine Managers' Blame Avoidance Behavior 煤矿管理人员避责行为影响因素的多层次层次结构分析

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Safety and Health at Work

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2024.08.001

Li Wang , Wenyi Zeng , Ziyan Jing , Yonghui Xu , Jiang Li

Background

In the Chinese coal industry, widespread blame avoidance behavior (BAB) greatly impacts coal mine accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to stop the BAB of coal mine managers and raise the management level of coal mine enterprises for the safe development of Chinese coal industry.

Methods

Based on the semi-structured interviews and questionnaire surveys (20 middle-level managers in coal mines), this paper used the Grounded Theory and Nvivo Software qualitative research methodology to open, spindle, and selectively encode the interview data. Then, an index system of factors influencing BAB of coal mine managers was constructed. The influence degree, affected degree, centrality degree, cause degree of each influencing factor were calculated and the hierarchical model of influencing factors of BAB of coal mine managers was established by the DEMATEL-ISM method which is a decision support tool used to evaluate and analyze the interdependencies between influencing factors.

Results

Index system of factors influencing BAB of coal mine managers included four levels and 12 influencing factors: individual, organizational, institutional environmental, and situational factors. The hierarchical model identified eight causal factors and four consequential factors, of which safety management (15.355), work attitude (14.380), and work group performance (14.281) in the top three of the centrality rankings are the key factors affecting the avoidance behavior of coal mine managers; A 3-level multilevel structure was constructed to reflect the interactions among the factors influencing the BAB of coal mine managers in terms of direct, indirect, and root causes, and corresponding improvement measures were proposed.

Conclusion

This study offers a theoretical complement and practical guidance for stopping BAB of coal mine managers.

在中国煤炭行业，普遍存在的避责行为（BAB）极大地影响了煤矿事故的发生。因此，杜绝煤矿管理人员的避责行为，提高煤矿企业的管理水平，对于中国煤炭工业的安全发展十分必要。本文在半结构化访谈和问卷调查（20 位煤矿中层管理人员）的基础上，运用基础理论和 Nvivo 软件定性研究方法，对访谈数据进行开放式、主轴式和选择性编码。然后，构建了煤矿管理人员 BAB 影响因素的指标体系。采用 DEMATEL-ISM 方法计算了各影响因素的影响度、受影响度、中心度和原因度，建立了煤矿企业管理者 BAB 影响因素的层次模型。煤矿经理人BAB影响因素指标体系包括个人因素、组织因素、制度环境因素和情境因素四个层次、12个影响因素。层次模型确定了 8 个因果因素和 4 个结果因素，其中中心度排名前三位的安全管理（15.355）、工作态度（14.380）和班组绩效（14.281）是影响煤矿管理人员回避行为的关键因素；构建了 3 级多层次结构，从直接原因、间接原因和根本原因三个方面反映了煤矿管理人员 BAB 影响因素之间的相互作用，并提出了相应的改进措施。本研究为制止煤矿管理人员的BAB提供了理论补充和实践指导。

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引用次数: 0