Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020010
A. N. Sousa, V. P. Bernardes, C. H. Bernardo, F. G. Taddei, G. M. Teixeira, R. C. Costa, A. Fransozo
ABSTRACT This study describes the reproductive and recruitment patterns of the swimming crab Achelous spinimanus (Latreille, 1819) in the Ubatuba region of the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil. Crabs were captured monthly from January 1998 to December 1999 in 18 sites located in three bays (Ubatumirim, Ubatuba, and Mar Virado), using a commercial fishing boat. In each sampling area, bottom temperature, salinity, and organic matter content were recorded. A total of 1,911 individuals were captured: 350 adult males, 475 non-ovigerous adult females, 584 adult ovigerous females, and 502 immature individuals. Reproductive females were more abundant in deeper areas; this migration might be a strategy to improve larval dispersion and survival. Ovigerous females were found year-round, indicating a continuous reproduction, and their abundance was positively correlated with temperature. During the 2-year survey, crabs with all gonadal development stages were found. We can infer that this region provides suitable resources for the development of A. spinimanus.
{"title":"Reproductive biology of the swimming crab Achelous spinimanus (Decapoda, Portunoidea): a potential fishing resource","authors":"A. N. Sousa, V. P. Bernardes, C. H. Bernardo, F. G. Taddei, G. M. Teixeira, R. C. Costa, A. Fransozo","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020010","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study describes the reproductive and recruitment patterns of the swimming crab Achelous spinimanus (Latreille, 1819) in the Ubatuba region of the northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil. Crabs were captured monthly from January 1998 to December 1999 in 18 sites located in three bays (Ubatumirim, Ubatuba, and Mar Virado), using a commercial fishing boat. In each sampling area, bottom temperature, salinity, and organic matter content were recorded. A total of 1,911 individuals were captured: 350 adult males, 475 non-ovigerous adult females, 584 adult ovigerous females, and 502 immature individuals. Reproductive females were more abundant in deeper areas; this migration might be a strategy to improve larval dispersion and survival. Ovigerous females were found year-round, indicating a continuous reproduction, and their abundance was positively correlated with temperature. During the 2-year survey, crabs with all gonadal development stages were found. We can infer that this region provides suitable resources for the development of A. spinimanus.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76171524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020020
Felipe Vivallo
ABSTRACT In this paper the primary types of bees of the genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 described by the American hymenopterologist Ezra Townsend Cresson were studied. The type specimens of C. aethiops, C. fulviventris, C. lanosa, C. montezuma, C. otomita, and C. totonaca were examined, providing notes on their current status and depository. Photographs of selected types are also provided.
{"title":"The Centris bees described by Ezra Townsend Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae)","authors":"Felipe Vivallo","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020020","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper the primary types of bees of the genus Centris Fabricius, 1804 described by the American hymenopterologist Ezra Townsend Cresson were studied. The type specimens of C. aethiops, C. fulviventris, C. lanosa, C. montezuma, C. otomita, and C. totonaca were examined, providing notes on their current status and depository. Photographs of selected types are also provided.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90251178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020008
F. A. Luz, Ana Paula Moraes Goetz, M. D. S. Mendonça Jr.
ABSTRACT Parasitoid ovipositor size importantly affects host choice; those attacking exposed hosts usually have shorter ovipositors compared to those needing drilling deeper through substrates such as plant tissue and gall tissue. Most studies treat this theme at the interspecific level, and the aim of this work was to test for intraspecific variation and phenotypic matching in ovipositor size for Galeopsomyia sp. attacking galls. Galls were sampled from Guapira opposita(Nyctaginaceae), a host plant to five species of Bruggmannia gallers (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in southern Brazil: Bruggmannia elongata, B. robusta, B. acaudata, and two undescribed species of Bruggmannia (sp. 1 and sp. 2). On forest transects, all galls from the 30 first galled plants found were sampled and kept in sealed plastic bags until parasitoid emergence. A total of 15 samples were done along two years. We measured galler last instar larvae length and gall thickness for each galling species, and ovipositor length for all Galeopsomyia sp. individuals emerging from the galls. There were no differences in larval length among galler species. However, Bruggmannia sp. 1 and sp. 2 galls were significantly thicker than those of B. acaudata, and the latter thicker than both B. elongata and B. robusta galls. Wasp ovipositor size differed significantly between those coming from Bruggmannia sp. 1 and sp. 2 galls relative to all others. Host extended phenotype size is thus fundamental to determine parasitoid size, but in this case host (larval) size does not change among species, although gall thickness was different. Thicker galls were attacked by larger parasitoids with longer ovipositors, denoting phenotypic matching. Thicker galls appear to be selecting larger parasitoid individuals, which in the long run can lead to important evolutionary change as well.
{"title":"Phenotypic matching in ovipositor size in the parasitoid Galeopsomyia sp. (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) attacking different gall inducers","authors":"F. A. Luz, Ana Paula Moraes Goetz, M. D. S. Mendonça Jr.","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Parasitoid ovipositor size importantly affects host choice; those attacking exposed hosts usually have shorter ovipositors compared to those needing drilling deeper through substrates such as plant tissue and gall tissue. Most studies treat this theme at the interspecific level, and the aim of this work was to test for intraspecific variation and phenotypic matching in ovipositor size for Galeopsomyia sp. attacking galls. Galls were sampled from Guapira opposita(Nyctaginaceae), a host plant to five species of Bruggmannia gallers (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) in southern Brazil: Bruggmannia elongata, B. robusta, B. acaudata, and two undescribed species of Bruggmannia (sp. 1 and sp. 2). On forest transects, all galls from the 30 first galled plants found were sampled and kept in sealed plastic bags until parasitoid emergence. A total of 15 samples were done along two years. We measured galler last instar larvae length and gall thickness for each galling species, and ovipositor length for all Galeopsomyia sp. individuals emerging from the galls. There were no differences in larval length among galler species. However, Bruggmannia sp. 1 and sp. 2 galls were significantly thicker than those of B. acaudata, and the latter thicker than both B. elongata and B. robusta galls. Wasp ovipositor size differed significantly between those coming from Bruggmannia sp. 1 and sp. 2 galls relative to all others. Host extended phenotype size is thus fundamental to determine parasitoid size, but in this case host (larval) size does not change among species, although gall thickness was different. Thicker galls were attacked by larger parasitoids with longer ovipositors, denoting phenotypic matching. Thicker galls appear to be selecting larger parasitoid individuals, which in the long run can lead to important evolutionary change as well.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84938041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020001
Ludimila Calheira, P. J. Santos, U. Pinheiro
ABSTRACT Inland waters experience extreme environmental conditions determining the evolution of several adaptive strategies of the fauna to these variable conditions. Freshwater sponges produce resisting bodies called gemmules that contain totipotent cells and specialized spicules (gemmuloscleres). Completely formed gemmules exhibit low metabolic rates and may become dormant during periods of environmental stress. Until now, few species had their hatchability tested against different environmental conditions. The purpose of the present study was to test the capacity of hatching gemmules of two freshwater sponge species (Heteromeyenia cristalina Batista, Volkmer-Ribeiro & Melão, 2007 and Radiospongilla inesi Nicacio & Pinheiro, 2011) from inland waters from different localities. Five assays were tested (A): A1 (water of sponge collection site); A2 (Pirangi River water); A3 (Araraquara Pond water); A4 (mineral water) and A5 (A1 after drying gemmules). For each assay, three replicates with 30 gemmules were used. The gemmules were observed daily during 30 days. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and a posteriori Tukey test. Results showed that gemmules from both species submitted to A3 have not hatched, probably due to its very high conductivity. There was a significant difference between assays (A1, A2 and A4) and between species (F2, 12 = 77.2; P < 0.001). Comparison between A1 and A5 showed significant differences between both assays and species (F1, 8 = 27.5; P < 0.001). Radiospongilla inesi presented high hatching rate at all assays, while H. cristalina had a high hatching rate only on A1 and A5. Results clearly show that each species has a different capacity of hatching.
{"title":"Hatchability of gemmules of two Neotropical freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillida)","authors":"Ludimila Calheira, P. J. Santos, U. Pinheiro","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Inland waters experience extreme environmental conditions determining the evolution of several adaptive strategies of the fauna to these variable conditions. Freshwater sponges produce resisting bodies called gemmules that contain totipotent cells and specialized spicules (gemmuloscleres). Completely formed gemmules exhibit low metabolic rates and may become dormant during periods of environmental stress. Until now, few species had their hatchability tested against different environmental conditions. The purpose of the present study was to test the capacity of hatching gemmules of two freshwater sponge species (Heteromeyenia cristalina Batista, Volkmer-Ribeiro & Melão, 2007 and Radiospongilla inesi Nicacio & Pinheiro, 2011) from inland waters from different localities. Five assays were tested (A): A1 (water of sponge collection site); A2 (Pirangi River water); A3 (Araraquara Pond water); A4 (mineral water) and A5 (A1 after drying gemmules). For each assay, three replicates with 30 gemmules were used. The gemmules were observed daily during 30 days. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and a posteriori Tukey test. Results showed that gemmules from both species submitted to A3 have not hatched, probably due to its very high conductivity. There was a significant difference between assays (A1, A2 and A4) and between species (F2, 12 = 77.2; P < 0.001). Comparison between A1 and A5 showed significant differences between both assays and species (F1, 8 = 27.5; P < 0.001). Radiospongilla inesi presented high hatching rate at all assays, while H. cristalina had a high hatching rate only on A1 and A5. Results clearly show that each species has a different capacity of hatching.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86391881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020023
L. S. Souza, C. H. S. Caetano, F. Scarabino, P. M. S. Costa
{"title":"New records and a new species of Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean","authors":"L. S. Souza, C. H. S. Caetano, F. Scarabino, P. M. S. Costa","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85635390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020007
R. Laino, K. Musalem, Andrea Caballero-Gini, Diego Bueno-Villafañe, José F. González-Maya, Silvina Chaparro
ABSTRACT Species tend to be less abundant at the limits of their geographic distribution. Giant and lesser anteaters have their southernmost limits in Argentina and Paraguay, where scarce information exists regarding their ecology and conservation. We present a study carried out in the Paraguay River floodplain, in an area dedicated to cattle rearing using native grasses in a subtropical flooded savanna associated with naturally occurring forest islets, wetlands and palm groves. Using camera-traps within three different forest types, we estimated parameters related to habitat preference, social behavior and activity patterns of both species. Results show that capture success was greater in the Floodable sub-humid forest islets (FSF), compared to other types of forests: Riparian forests associated with wetlands (W-RF) and Mesoxerophytic semi-deciduous forests dominated by Schinopsis balansae (MXF). Most detections corresponded to solitary anteaters, although mother-young pairs were occasionally observed during summer. Both species showed a nocturnal and crepuscular activity pattern with a peak of records around midnight. Myrmecophaga tridactyla was detected between 11°C and 26°C, while Tamandua tetradactyla occurred between 15°C and 23°C. Future research that incorporates systematically taken data in other different habitats, including grasslands and shrublands, during all seasons of the year is recommended.
{"title":"Anteaters on the edge: giant and lesser anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla and Tamandua tetradactyla) at their geographic distributional limits in Paraguay","authors":"R. Laino, K. Musalem, Andrea Caballero-Gini, Diego Bueno-Villafañe, José F. González-Maya, Silvina Chaparro","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Species tend to be less abundant at the limits of their geographic distribution. Giant and lesser anteaters have their southernmost limits in Argentina and Paraguay, where scarce information exists regarding their ecology and conservation. We present a study carried out in the Paraguay River floodplain, in an area dedicated to cattle rearing using native grasses in a subtropical flooded savanna associated with naturally occurring forest islets, wetlands and palm groves. Using camera-traps within three different forest types, we estimated parameters related to habitat preference, social behavior and activity patterns of both species. Results show that capture success was greater in the Floodable sub-humid forest islets (FSF), compared to other types of forests: Riparian forests associated with wetlands (W-RF) and Mesoxerophytic semi-deciduous forests dominated by Schinopsis balansae (MXF). Most detections corresponded to solitary anteaters, although mother-young pairs were occasionally observed during summer. Both species showed a nocturnal and crepuscular activity pattern with a peak of records around midnight. Myrmecophaga tridactyla was detected between 11°C and 26°C, while Tamandua tetradactyla occurred between 15°C and 23°C. Future research that incorporates systematically taken data in other different habitats, including grasslands and shrublands, during all seasons of the year is recommended.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"560 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85725695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020006
Aline Fujikawa, D. P. Tubelis
RESUMO A corruíra-do-campo Cistothorus platensis (Latham, 1790) apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica, ocorrendo ao longo de todo o continente americano. Informações sobre sua biologia têm sido obtidas principalmente em regiões temperadas, e o conhecimento sobre suas áreas de vida em campos tropicais é inexistente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as áreas de vida de C. platensis no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado do Brasil central. Quatorze machos foram anilhados em um campo sujo e cinco deles puderam ser acompanhados continuamente entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2008. O tamanho médio das áreas de vida (n = 5) foi de 6,10 ± 2,09 ha (Mínimo Polígono Convexo) e 4,57 ± 1,92 ha (Kernel 95%) e variaram significativamente entre as estações estudadas. As áreas de vida foram maiores na estação seca (período não-reprodutivo) do que na estação chuvosa (que abrangeu os períodos reprodutivo e não-reprodutivo). Houve baixa sobreposição entre áreas de machos vizinhos. As aves estudadas não estabeleceram áreas de vida em trechos de campo recentemente queimados. Alguns indivíduos foram registrados durante todo o período do estudo, sendo assim considerados residentes. Entretanto, nove dos 14 machos não persistiram no local. Não houve evidência de poliginia, uma vez que somente casais ou aves solitárias foram registradas. Este estudo indica que C. platensis habitando campos naturais no Cerrado são monogâmicos e têm áreas de vida maiores do que em regiões temperadas.
摘要棘囊草(Latham, 1790)地理分布广泛，分布于整个美洲大陆。关于它们的生物学信息主要是在温带地区获得的，而关于它们在热带地区的生活范围的知识是不存在的。本研究的目的是研究巴西中部塞拉多Chapada dos Veadeiros国家公园的platensis的生活区。在2008年2月至12月期间，14只雄性在一块肮脏的田地里被圈起来，其中5只可以连续监测。平均生活区大小(n = 5)分别为6.10±2.09 ha(最小凸多边形)和4.57±1.92 ha(核95%)，各站间差异显著。旱季(非繁殖期)的生活区比雨季(包括繁殖期和非繁殖期)大。相邻雄性区域之间的重叠程度较低。被研究的鸟类没有在最近被烧毁的田野中建立栖息地。一些人在整个研究期间被登记，因此被认为是居民。然而，14只雄性中有9只没有留在现场。没有证据表明这是真的，但有证据表明这是真的。本研究表明，生活在塞拉多天然草地上的C. platensis是一夫一妻制的，比温带地区的生活面积更大。
{"title":"Área de vida de Cistothorus platensis (Aves: Troglodytidae) no Cerrado brasileiro","authors":"Aline Fujikawa, D. P. Tubelis","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020006","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMO A corruíra-do-campo Cistothorus platensis (Latham, 1790) apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica, ocorrendo ao longo de todo o continente americano. Informações sobre sua biologia têm sido obtidas principalmente em regiões temperadas, e o conhecimento sobre suas áreas de vida em campos tropicais é inexistente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as áreas de vida de C. platensis no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado do Brasil central. Quatorze machos foram anilhados em um campo sujo e cinco deles puderam ser acompanhados continuamente entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2008. O tamanho médio das áreas de vida (n = 5) foi de 6,10 ± 2,09 ha (Mínimo Polígono Convexo) e 4,57 ± 1,92 ha (Kernel 95%) e variaram significativamente entre as estações estudadas. As áreas de vida foram maiores na estação seca (período não-reprodutivo) do que na estação chuvosa (que abrangeu os períodos reprodutivo e não-reprodutivo). Houve baixa sobreposição entre áreas de machos vizinhos. As aves estudadas não estabeleceram áreas de vida em trechos de campo recentemente queimados. Alguns indivíduos foram registrados durante todo o período do estudo, sendo assim considerados residentes. Entretanto, nove dos 14 machos não persistiram no local. Não houve evidência de poliginia, uma vez que somente casais ou aves solitárias foram registradas. Este estudo indica que C. platensis habitando campos naturais no Cerrado são monogâmicos e têm áreas de vida maiores do que em regiões temperadas.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77406910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020012
L. M. Llangarí-Arizo, Violeta Rafael
RESUMEN Drosophila anthurium sp. nov., Drosophila tsachila sp. nov., Drosophila guajalito sp. nov., Drosophila deloscolorados sp. nov. y Drosophila cartucho sp. nov. fueron capturadas en inflorescencias de la familia Araceae entre los 1800 y 2200 m de altitud en la Estación Científica Río Guajalito, provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Las especies nuevas presentan surestilo y edeago largo, y apodema del edeago muy corto. Los análisis de la morfología externa y de la terminalia masculina indican que las cinco especies nuevas no pertenecen a ninguno de los grupos de Drosophila asociados a flores.
{"title":"Cinco especies nuevas de Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) relacionadas con Araceae","authors":"L. M. Llangarí-Arizo, Violeta Rafael","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020012","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMEN Drosophila anthurium sp. nov., Drosophila tsachila sp. nov., Drosophila guajalito sp. nov., Drosophila deloscolorados sp. nov. y Drosophila cartucho sp. nov. fueron capturadas en inflorescencias de la familia Araceae entre los 1800 y 2200 m de altitud en la Estación Científica Río Guajalito, provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Las especies nuevas presentan surestilo y edeago largo, y apodema del edeago muy corto. Los análisis de la morfología externa y de la terminalia masculina indican que las cinco especies nuevas no pertenecen a ninguno de los grupos de Drosophila asociados a flores.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84165978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020025
Felipe Vivallo
ABSTRACT Nests of the oil-collecting bee Epicharis (Hoplepicharis) fasciata Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 were studied at the Jardim Botânico of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The females constructed their nests in an area of 609 m2 of mostly sandy flat soil. The nest architecture was relatively simple, with a main tunnel of approximately 30 cm in depth with one or two lateral tunnels ending in a single brood cell. Adult activity lasted approximately 45 days. The females dug the tunnels, constructed the brood cells, collected provisions and laid the eggs in approximately two days. Diapause occurred in the post defecating larval stage, and there was no cocoon. Nest architecture and the morphology of the brood cells are described and illustrated.
{"title":"Nesting biology of the oil-collecting bee Epicharis (Hoplepicharis) fasciata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in an urban area of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil","authors":"Felipe Vivallo","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020025","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nests of the oil-collecting bee Epicharis (Hoplepicharis) fasciata Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 were studied at the Jardim Botânico of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The females constructed their nests in an area of 609 m2 of mostly sandy flat soil. The nest architecture was relatively simple, with a main tunnel of approximately 30 cm in depth with one or two lateral tunnels ending in a single brood cell. Adult activity lasted approximately 45 days. The females dug the tunnels, constructed the brood cells, collected provisions and laid the eggs in approximately two days. Diapause occurred in the post defecating larval stage, and there was no cocoon. Nest architecture and the morphology of the brood cells are described and illustrated.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85933659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2020003
J. L. D. Silva, F. Vaz-de-Mello
ABSTRACT Our goals were to determine whether the pattern of geographical distribution of dung beetles in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF), Southeast Brazil, supports the identification of the areas of endemism in this biome, how the number and boundaries of the areas of endemism vary with the spatial scale used in the analysis, if the areas of endemism identified here are consistent with previous proposals described in the literature. We used the analysis of endemicity (NDM) on the distributional patterns of 198 species and subspecies of dung beetles in order to identify areas of endemism into grids of 0.25°x0.25°, 0.5°x0.5° and 1°x1°. A total of 15 consensus areas (CA) were identified with the different grid sizes employed (two of 0.25°, three of 0.5° and 10 of 1°). Our results support the assumptions about the influence of the grid size, since a smaller number of CA were identified for the 0.25° grids (02 CA), whereas by increasing the size of the units, there was an increase in the number of the areas of endemism (10 CA of 1°). Despite different levels of geographical congruence, the areas of endemism located in the BAF described elsewhere are corroborate, all or part of them. The overlap of these CA allowed the definition of three generalized areas of endemism: Southeast, Central and Southwest. These generalized areas encompassed habitats with great environmental variety, potentially influencing the levels of endemism of species of dung beetles. Furthermore, they were corroborated by other areas of endemism described in the literature, allowing us to argue that processes forming these regions have influenced dung beetle species as described for other groups of organisms.
{"title":"Areas of endemism in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest based on the distribution of dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)","authors":"J. L. D. Silva, F. Vaz-de-Mello","doi":"10.1590/1678-4766e2020003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2020003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Our goals were to determine whether the pattern of geographical distribution of dung beetles in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF), Southeast Brazil, supports the identification of the areas of endemism in this biome, how the number and boundaries of the areas of endemism vary with the spatial scale used in the analysis, if the areas of endemism identified here are consistent with previous proposals described in the literature. We used the analysis of endemicity (NDM) on the distributional patterns of 198 species and subspecies of dung beetles in order to identify areas of endemism into grids of 0.25°x0.25°, 0.5°x0.5° and 1°x1°. A total of 15 consensus areas (CA) were identified with the different grid sizes employed (two of 0.25°, three of 0.5° and 10 of 1°). Our results support the assumptions about the influence of the grid size, since a smaller number of CA were identified for the 0.25° grids (02 CA), whereas by increasing the size of the units, there was an increase in the number of the areas of endemism (10 CA of 1°). Despite different levels of geographical congruence, the areas of endemism located in the BAF described elsewhere are corroborate, all or part of them. The overlap of these CA allowed the definition of three generalized areas of endemism: Southeast, Central and Southwest. These generalized areas encompassed habitats with great environmental variety, potentially influencing the levels of endemism of species of dung beetles. Furthermore, they were corroborated by other areas of endemism described in the literature, allowing us to argue that processes forming these regions have influenced dung beetle species as described for other groups of organisms.","PeriodicalId":56300,"journal":{"name":"Iheringia Serie Zoologia","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74521078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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