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Integrative Systematic Revision of Bolitoglossa celaque (Caudata: Plethodontidae), with a new species from the Lenca Highlands of Honduras 文章标题洪都拉斯Lenca高地一新种-棘齿鲨综合系统订正(尾纲:齿鲨科)
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-03-13 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-19-00001.1
Michael W. Itgen, S. Sessions, L. Wilson, Josiah H. Townsend
Abstract: The diversity of the tropical climbing salamander genus Bolitoglossa (Magnadigita) in Honduras has been underestimated historically, with 11 new species having been described in the past quarter-century. Bolitoglossa celaque is known to occur in three disjunct mountain ranges across the Lenca Highlands region of southwestern Honduras, and previous studies have independently demonstrated differences in mitochondrial genealogy and genome size between populations to the east and west of the Mejocote–San Juan Depression. Sampling from all three mountain ranges represented two genetically distinct clades: one associated with the vicinity of the type locality, Montaña de Celaque, and the second consisting of several eastern populations from the departments of Intibucá and La Paz. Distinctiveness of these two clades was further investigated and supported by analyses of morphological variation, geometric morphometrics of foot morphology, and comparative osteology. Based on congruent signals from each line of evidence, we restrict the taxon B. celaque to Montaña de Celaque and describe the eastern populations as a new species of Bolitoglossa.
摘要:洪都拉斯热带攀爬蝾螈属Bolitoglossa (Magnadigita)的多样性在过去的25年里被低估了,仅有11个新种被发现。众所周知,celaque Bolitoglossa出现在洪都拉斯西南部伦卡高地地区的三个不相交的山脉中,以前的研究已经独立地证明了Mejocote-San Juan洼地东部和西部人群在线粒体谱系和基因组大小上的差异。来自所有三个山脉的采样代表了两个遗传上不同的分支:一个与模式地点Montaña de Celaque附近有关,第二个由来自因蒂布布省和拉巴斯省的几个东部种群组成。形态学变异、足部几何形态计量学和比较骨学分析进一步研究了这两个支系的独特性。基于各证据线的一致信号,我们将B. celaque分类群限定为Montaña de celaque,并将东部种群描述为Bolitoglossa的新种。
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引用次数: 3
A Monograph on the Osteology of Mesopotamian Spiny-tailed Lizards, Saara loricata (Blanford, 1874) (Sauria: Agamidae: Uromastycinae) 美索不达米亚刺尾蜥蜴的骨学专著,Saara loricata (Blanford, 1874)(蜥蜴目:刺尾蜥蜴科:尾尾蜥蜴科)
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1655/0733-1347-31.4.208
M. Takesh, N. Rastegar-Pouyani, A. Gharzi, M. Azadbakht, C. Jalili, S. Anderson
The species of the subfamily Uromastycinae are herbivorous burrowing lizards distributed from the African Sahara Desert to the Asian Thar Desert and across the Arabian Peninsula. Although osteological studies on Uromastycinae have a long history, a detailed description of the complete skeleton is lacking. We investigate the cranial and postcranial osteology of the Mesopotamian Spiny-tailed Lizard (Saara loricata, previously referred to Uromastyx). We studied articulated and disarticulated materials from five specimens and present a complete description of the bones of the species. Our study adds to the growing body of literature on the skeleton of agamid lizards. Unlike Uromastyx sensu stricto, in S. loricata no anterior premaxillary foramina exists on the anterior surface of the premaxilla, no contact exists between the frontal and the maxilla or premaxilla, the anterolateral processes of the frontal are unexposed in dorsal view so that the prefrontal and nasal are attached, and the pterygoid does not contact the vomer anteriorly and the quadrate posteriorly. Unlike its congener S. hardwickii, in S. loricata no anterior premaxillary foramen exists on the anterior surface of the premaxilla, a smaller ethmoidal foramen perforates the nasal, a well-developed, posteriorly extended socket-like notch is formed through anterior bifurcation of the jugal, an L-shaped suture line forms between the jugal and postorbital in dorsal view, and an interlocking suture between the surangular and dentary exists in S. loricata.
Uromastycinae亚科的物种是食草穴居蜥蜴,分布在非洲撒哈拉沙漠到亚洲的塔尔沙漠和整个阿拉伯半岛。尽管对尿狼科的骨学研究已有很长的历史,但缺乏完整骨骼的详细描述。我们研究了美索不达米亚刺尾蜥蜴(Saara loricata,以前被称为Uromastyx)的颅骨和颅骨后骨学。我们从五个标本中研究了关节和非关节材料,并对该物种的骨骼进行了完整的描述。我们的研究增加了越来越多的关于agamid蜥蜴骨骼的文献。与窄感Uromastyx不同的是,在S. loricata中,在前颌骨的前表面没有前颌前孔,额部与上颌骨或前颌骨之间没有接触,额部的前外侧突在背侧视野中未暴露,从而使额部与鼻部相连,翼状突在前部与蝶体和后方体不接触。不同于其同系物S. hardwickii,在S. loricata中,在其上颌骨前表面没有前颌前孔,一个较小的筛孔穿过鼻腔,在颈静脉前分叉处形成一个发育良好、向后延伸的凹窝状切迹,在背侧,在颈静脉和眶后之间形成l形缝合线,在颈静脉和牙髓之间存在一个互锁缝合线。
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引用次数: 3
An Integrated Approach to Delimit Species in the Puzzling Atractus emmeli Complex (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) 一种综合性的方法来界定令人困惑的艾梅里巨怪复合体中的物种(蛇科:双科)
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-10-09 DOI: 10.1655/0733-1347-33.1.1
Paulo Passos, J. Azevedo, C. Nogueira, R. Fernandes, R. J. Sawaya
Abstract: We evaluated the taxonomic status of snakes from the Atractus emmeli species complex (composed by A. boettgeri, A. emmeli, A. paravertebralis, and A. taeniatus) on the basis of concordance between quantitative (meristics and morphometrics) and qualitative (pholidosis, color pattern, and hemipenis) analyses of morphological characters, in combination with ecological niche modeling and niche overlapping. We synonymize A. boettgeri, A. paravertebralis, and A. taeniatus with A. emmeli based on the congruent analytical results. We also describe a new species to accommodate the Brazilian populations from the state of Mato Grosso mainly based upon some unique states of morphological characters, including hemipenial morphology, color pattern, and meristics. We found that the new species has a distinct ecological niche compared with A. emmeli and some level of niche overlapping with A. albuquerquei. We found great differences in ecological niches of species occurring in the Cerrado versus those occurring in the Western Amazon–Andean foothills, suggesting a putative niche evolution in this group.
摘要:我们根据形态特征的定量(分生组织学和形态计量学)和定性(光镜、颜色模式和半阴茎)分析之间的一致性,评估了由A.boettgeri、A.emmeli、A.paraspinalis和A.taeniatus组成的Atractus emmeli物种复合体中蛇的分类地位,结合生态位建模和生态位重叠。根据一致的分析结果,我们将A.boettgeri、A.parasebitalis和A.taeniatus与A.emmeli同义。我们还描述了一个新物种,以适应马托格罗索州的巴西种群,主要基于一些独特的形态特征,包括半阴茎形态、颜色模式和分生组织。我们发现,该新物种与埃梅里a.emmeli相比具有明显的生态位,并且与阿尔伯克基a.albuquerquei有一定程度的生态位重叠。我们发现,塞拉多与西亚马逊-安第斯山麓的物种生态位存在巨大差异,这表明该群体存在假定的生态位进化。
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引用次数: 4
Phylogeography of Jackson's Forest Lizard Adolfus jacksoni (Sauria: Lacertidae) Reveals Cryptic Diversity in the Highlands of East Africa 东非高原杰克逊森林蜥蜴(蜥目:蜥科)的系统地理学揭示了隐伏的多样性
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-11-06 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-18-00005.1
E. Greenbaum, Stephanie Dowell Beer, Daniel F. Hughes, P. Wagner, C. Anderson, Cesar O. Villanueva, P. Malonza, C. Kusamba, Wandege M. Muninga, Mwenebatu M. Aristote, W. Branch
Abstract Jackson's Forest Lizard (Adolfus jacksoni) is widespread throughout the highlands of the Albertine Rift, southern Uganda, western and central Kenya, and northern Tanzania. To understand the population genetics and phylogenetic relationships of this widespread taxon, we sequenced two mitochondrial (16S and cyt b) and two nuclear (c-mos and RAG1) genes from multiple populations. Population genetics analyses suggested a high degree of genetic differentiation among A. jacksoni populations, reflecting the high-elevation montane “islands” that they inhabit. Populations connected by a network of mountain ranges generally showed lower levels of genetic partitioning than those isolated by low-elevation habitat. Results from phylogenetic analyses and additional morphological data indicated that Adolfus jacksoni occurs throughout the Albertine Rift, likely from the Kabobo Plateau to the Lendu Plateau of Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as southern Uganda, Mt. Elgon, and the highlands of western Kenya on the western side of the Kenyan Rift. Adolfus kibonotensis is removed from the synonymy of the latter taxon, elevated to full species, and recognized from the central Kenyan highlands to northern Tanzania on the eastern side of the Kenyan Rift. A new Adolfus species is described from the Mathews Range in central Kenya.
摘要杰克逊森林蜥蜴(Adolfus jacksoni)广泛分布在艾伯丁裂谷的高地、乌干达南部、肯尼亚西部和中部以及坦桑尼亚北部。为了了解这个广泛分布的分类单元的群体遗传学和系统发育关系,我们对来自多个群体的两个线粒体(16S和cyt b)和两个细胞核(c-mos和RAG1)基因进行了测序。种群遗传学分析表明,a.jacksoni种群之间存在高度的遗传分化,反映了它们所居住的高海拔山地“岛屿”。由山脉网络连接的种群通常表现出比由低海拔栖息地隔离的种群更低的遗传划分水平。系统发育分析和其他形态学数据的结果表明,Adolfus jacksoni分布在整个艾伯丁裂谷,可能从卡博博高原到刚果民主共和国的伦杜高原,以及乌干达南部、埃尔贡山和肯尼亚裂谷西侧的肯尼亚西部高地。kibonotensis Adolfus从后一个分类单元的同义词中删除,被提升为完整物种,并从肯尼亚中部高地到肯尼亚裂谷东侧的坦桑尼亚北部被识别。在肯尼亚中部的马修斯山脉描述了一个新的阿道夫物种。
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引用次数: 7
Reproductive Ecology and Life History of Female Sonoran Desert Tortoises (Gopherus morafkai) 雌性索诺兰沙漠龟(Gopherus morafkai)的繁殖生态学和生活史
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-10-08 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-18-00003.1
Roy C. Averill‐Murray, T. E. Christopher, B. Henen
Abstract We studied female Gopherus morafkai reproduction for 10 yr to evaluate reproductive variation and environmental factors that influenced reproduction. In contrast to vitellogenesis in other Gopherus, substantial follicle growth occurred during the spring after emergence from hibernation. Vitellogenesis and egg production varied considerably among individuals. The smallest egg-producing female had a carapace length of 220 mm, and no female produced more than one clutch per year. Compared to small females, large females were more likely to reproduce in a given year and produced larger eggs, but body size did not affect clutch size. Good maternal body condition contributed to follicle growth in winter, larger clutches, and larger eggs in a clutch. Females that emerged from hibernation earlier were more likely to produce eggs. Early-emerging females also produced larger eggs than did females that emerged later. These reproductive traits contribute to a life history that resembles an income breeder compared to the more capital-breeding strategy of the closely related Mojave Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii). These life history differences might convey different reproductive and population consequences of climate change.
摘要我们对雌性莫拉夫凯山羊的繁殖进行了10年的研究,以评估繁殖变异和影响繁殖的环境因素。与其他Gopherus的卵黄发生相反,卵泡在冬眠后的春季大量生长。不同个体的卵黄生成和卵子产量差异很大。最小的产卵雌性的甲壳长度为220毫米,没有一只雌性每年产卵超过一窝。与体型较小的雌性相比,体型较大的雌性更有可能在特定年份繁殖,产下更大的卵子,但体型并不影响离合器的大小。良好的母体身体状况有助于冬季卵泡的生长、更大的卵窝和更大的卵子。较早从冬眠中苏醒的雌性更有可能产卵。早期出现的雌性也比后来出现的雌性产下更大的卵子。与亲缘关系密切的莫哈韦沙漠龟(Gopherus agassizii)更具资本的繁殖策略相比,这些繁殖特征有助于形成一种类似于收入饲养员的生活史。这些生活史的差异可能传达出气候变化对生殖和人口的不同影响。
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引用次数: 4
A Theoretical Population and Harvest Model for American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) 美洲短吻鳄(Alligator misssippiensis)的理论种群和收获模型
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-17-00005
Cord B. Eversole, S. Henke, Benjamin L Turner, S. Glasscock, Randy L. Powell, D. Wester, B. Ballard
Abstract The American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) is a crocodilian species that was once listed as endangered in the United States but is now harvested both recreationally and commercially throughout its range in the southeastern United States. Harvest of alligators typically includes egg collecting and hunting. However, review of scientific literature reveals that the effects of harvest on alligator populations have received little scientific scrutiny. We built a theoretical simulation model to evaluate the impact of several harvest strategies on long-term (i.e., 100 yr) alligator population trends. We used system dynamics software to develop the model and acquired data for the model from literature and field studies on alligator ecology. Although widely applicable across the species range and for other crocodilians, we used the Texas alligator management program as an example for model use. Results of model simulations showed that current harvest (50% egg harvest, 2% subadult harvest, 2% adult harvest) is sustainable, but alligator populations will stabilize at levels below population potential. The best harvest scenario for a sustainable harvest that maintains alligator populations at a relatively unchanging level is a 38% egg harvest, 2% subadult harvest, and 2% adult harvest. An elevated egg harvest (80%) can be sustained if no hunting harvest occurs. Contrarily, an increased hunting harvest (4% subadult, 4% adult) can be sustained with no egg harvest. This model identifies the function of current alligator harvest within populations and provides a tool for future use in determining the effect of changes in harvest or life-history characteristics on alligator population dynamics.
摘要美国短吻鳄(Alligator misssippiensis)是一种鳄鱼物种,曾在美国被列为濒危物种,但现在在美国东南部的整个范围内都在娱乐和商业上收获。短吻鳄的收获通常包括采卵和狩猎。然而,对科学文献的审查表明,收获对鳄鱼种群的影响很少受到科学审查。我们建立了一个理论模拟模型来评估几种收获策略对长期(即100年)鳄鱼种群趋势的影响。我们使用系统动力学软件开发了该模型,并从文献和鳄鱼生态学的实地研究中获得了该模型的数据。尽管广泛适用于所有物种和其他鳄鱼,但我们以德克萨斯州鳄鱼管理计划为例进行了模型使用。模型模拟结果表明,目前的收获(50%的卵收获,2%的亚成体收获,2%成体收获)是可持续的,但鳄鱼种群将稳定在低于种群潜力的水平。将鳄鱼种群保持在相对不变水平的可持续收获的最佳收获方案是38%的卵收获、2%的亚成年收获和2%的成年收获。如果没有狩猎收获,鸡蛋收获率的提高(80%)是可以持续的。相反,狩猎收获的增加(4%为亚成年,4%为成年)可以在没有卵子收获的情况下持续。该模型确定了当前鳄鱼收获在种群中的作用,并为未来确定收获或生活史特征变化对鳄鱼种群动态的影响提供了一个工具。
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引用次数: 7
Two New Species of Ischnocnema (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from Southeastern Brazil and their Phylogenetic Position within the I. guentheri Series 巴西东南部两新种(无尾目:短头目)及其在I. guentheri系列中的系统发育地位
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00014.1
P. P. Taucce, Clarissa Canedo, C. Haddad
Abstract:  We describe two new species of Ischnocnema from the states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil, based on morphological, bioacoustical, and molecular data. We use three mitochondrial and two nuclear genes in Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses to assess their phylogenetic placement within the I. guentheri series. The two new species group with I. oea in a well-supported clade in both analyses and have a calcar tubercle that is at least as long as wide. This type of tubercle seems to be a putative synapomorphy for the clade. We provide a revised diagnosis for the I. guentheri series, with characters shared by all its members, and discuss the close relationship between the I. parva and the I. guentheri series.
摘要:  根据形态学、生物声学和分子数据,我们描述了来自巴西东南部米纳斯吉拉斯州和圣埃斯皮里托州的两个Ischnocnema新种。我们在贝叶斯推断和最大似然分析中使用了三个线粒体基因和两个核基因来评估它们在I.guentheri序列中的系统发育位置。在两次分析中,这两个新物种与I.oea在一个得到充分支持的分支中,并且有一个至少和宽一样长的钙质结节。这种类型的结节似乎是该分支的一种假定的突触形态。我们对I.guentheri系列进行了修订诊断,其所有成员都有共同的特征,并讨论了I.parva和I.guentherri系列之间的密切关系。
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引用次数: 8
Comparative Morphology of Plethodontid Olfactory and Vomeronasal Organs: How Snouts Are Packed 鼻梁和犁鼻器官的比较形态学:鼻涕是如何填充的
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2017-10-12 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-15-00008.1
E. Dawley
Abstract:  Size and shape of sensory organs are features, among others, that can affect sensory functioning. Natural selection can act on such features to optimize performance in particular environments and for particular life histories and behavioral repertoires, although selection is not the only force influencing a particular structure. I examined olfactory and vomeronasal organ morphology in several species of salamanders in the Family Plethodontidae ranging from completely aquatic, semiaquatic, terrestrial, to arboreal. The Plethodontidae is the most speciose and diverse urodele group, making it a particularly interesting subject of evolutionary study. I examined microanatomy with the use of serial sections of complete snouts of species from the Appalachians and Neotropics, the two centers of plethodontid diversity. All species, except the aquatic Desmognathus marmoratus, had thick olfactory epithelia very anteriorly in the snout, especially mid-point in the main olfactory chamber, which may optimize odorant delivery along the path of airflow in through the external nares and out through the internal nares. Desmognathus marmoratus had greatly reduced olfactory epithelia. All species had well developed vomeronasal organs, particularly Desmognathus species, indicating the importance of this system for plethodontids. Small species had nasal chambers organized to optimize space for both olfactory and vomeronasal epithelia, and all Neotropical species had particularly thick sensory epithelia; these may be compensatory mechanisms to ensure adequate sensory receptor cell numbers in small snouts and/or with large cell sizes. A number of different gland types, including nasal, intermaxillary, nasochoanal, nasolabial, vomeronasal, and orbital, occupy a large and variable space within rostra, and their functions warrant further investigation. Chemoreception and vision are the two most important sensory modalities for plethodontids, and the simpler organization of chemosensory systems compared to vision, and compared to chemoreception in other vertebrates, make plethodontids attractive subjects in the study of the evolution of chemosensory systems.
摘要:  感觉器官的大小和形状是影响感觉功能的特征之一。自然选择可以作用于这些特征,以优化在特定环境中、特定生活史和行为曲目中的表现,尽管选择并不是影响特定结构的唯一力量。我检查了蝾螈科几种蝾螈的嗅觉和犁鼻器官形态,从完全水生、半水生、陆生到树栖。Plethodontidae是最具物种性和多样性的urodele类群,这使其成为进化研究中一个特别有趣的主题。我使用阿巴拉契亚山脉和新热带地区这两个完整牙齿多样性中心的物种的完整鼻部的序列切片进行了显微解剖。所有物种,除了水生的土拨鼠Desmognathus marmoratus,在鼻子的前部,特别是主嗅室的中点都有厚厚的嗅觉上皮,这可能会优化气味物质沿着气流通过外部鼻孔进入和通过内部鼻孔排出的路径的输送。土颌Desmognathus marmoratus的嗅觉上皮细胞明显减少。所有物种都有发育良好的犁鼻器官,尤其是Desmognathus物种,这表明了该系统对全齿牙的重要性。小物种的鼻腔组织可以优化嗅觉和犁鼻上皮的空间,所有新热带物种的感觉上皮都特别厚;这些可能是确保小鼻涕和/或大细胞大小的感觉受体细胞数量充足的补偿机制。许多不同的腺体类型,包括鼻腺、颌间腺、鼻后鼻孔腺、鼻唇腺、犁鼻腺和眼眶腺,在喙部占据着巨大而可变的空间,它们的功能值得进一步研究。化学接收和视觉是全齿体最重要的两种感觉模式,与视觉相比,以及与其他脊椎动物的化学接收相比,化学感觉系统的组织更简单,这使得全齿体在化学感觉系统进化研究中具有吸引力。
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引用次数: 10
Taxonomic Reappraisal of the Northeast Mindanao Stream Frog, Sanguirana albotuberculata (Inger 1954), Validation of Rana mearnsi, Stejneger 1905, and Description of a New Species from the Central Philippines 棉兰老岛东北溪蛙Sanguirana albotuberculata(Inger 1954)的分类重新评估、Rana mearnsi的验证、Stejneger 1905和菲律宾中部一新种的描述
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2017-10-12 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00009.1
Rafe M. Brown, Allyson Prue, C. Onn, M. Gaulke, Marites B. Sanguila, Cameron D. Siler
Abstract:  With a published multilocus phylogenetic analysis as our guide, we use new data from the external phenotype and genetically defined distributions of evolutionary lineages to resolve species boundaries associated with the southwest Mindanao Stream Frogs, Sanguirana everetti (Boulenger 1882), its junior synonym, Rana mearnsi, Stejneger 1905, and the northeast Mindanao Stream Frogs, Sanguirana albotuberculata (Inger 1954). Consideration of relationships, distributions, type localities, phenotypic data, and type specimens clearly indicates that the names R. mearnsi and S. albotuberculata refer to the same lineage, and we recognize the oldest available name (Sanguirana mearnsi) for this species. We also define the central Philippine lineage (from Negros, Masbate, and Panay islands) as a distinct new species. Long confused with S. everetti, the new taxon is readily diagnosed and biogeographically restricted to the West Visayan faunal region. The new multilocus estimate of phylogeny and our multivariate analysis of morphological variation demonstrate that the new species is closely related and phenotypically most similar to northern Philippine Sanguirana luzonensis, to the exclusion of S. everetti, the southern species with which it previously was confused. Morphological characters distinguishing the new species include body size, the absence of infracloacal tubercles, the presence of smooth dorsal skin without dorsolateral folds or dermal asperities, its degree of sexual size dimorphism, uniquely stratified flank coloration, bright white subarticular tubercles, bold pectoral patches, dark transverse bars on the limbs, and various body proportions. Recognition of this new species further emphasizes the predictable nature of island bank-structured endemism in the Philippines and demonstrates that the country's vertebrate diversity remains underestimated. The new species is relatively rare, patchily distributed and, with so little natural forest remaining in the central Philippines, it constitutes an immediate conservation concern. Management of this problem will require continued, field-based collection of data on the new species, distribution, local abundance, population trends, natural history, reproductive biology, and larval ecology—most of which currently is unknown.
摘要:  以已发表的多点系统发育分析为指导,我们使用来自外部表型和进化谱系的遗传定义分布的新数据来解决与棉兰老西南流蛙Sanguirana everetti(Boulenger 1882)、其初级同义词Rana mearnsi、Stejneger 1905和棉兰老东北流蛙相关的物种边界,桑圭拉纳(Sanguirana albotuberculata)(Inger 1954)。对亲缘关系、分布、型位、表型数据和型标本的考虑清楚地表明,R.mearnsi和S.albotuberculata是指同一谱系,我们认识到该物种最古老的可用名称(Sanguirana mearnsi)。我们还将菲律宾中部谱系(来自内格罗斯岛、马斯巴特岛和帕奈岛)定义为一个独特的新物种。长期以来,这个新的分类单元与S.everetti混淆,很容易被诊断出来,并且在生物地理学上仅限于西维萨扬动物区。新的系统发育多点估计和我们对形态变异的多变量分析表明,该新物种与菲律宾北部的Sanguirana luzonensis亲缘关系密切,表型最相似,但不包括之前与之混淆的南部物种S.everetti。区分新物种的形态特征包括体型、没有泄殖腔下结节、有光滑的背侧皮肤而没有背外侧褶皱或真皮凸起、其性别大小的二型性程度、独特的分层侧翼颜色、明亮的白色关节下结节、大胆的胸肌斑块、四肢上的深色横杠以及各种身体比例。对这一新物种的认识进一步强调了菲律宾岛岸结构特有性的可预测性,并表明该国的脊椎动物多样性仍然被低估。这种新物种相对罕见,分布零散,而且菲律宾中部的天然森林所剩无几,这是一个紧迫的保护问题。要解决这个问题,需要持续、实地收集有关新物种、分布、当地丰度、种群趋势、自然史、生殖生物学和幼虫生态学的数据,其中大部分目前尚不清楚。
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引用次数: 7
A Taxonomic Revision of the Philautus (Anura: Rhacophoridae) of Sumatra with the Description of Four New Species 文章题目苏门答腊岛蝗属(无尾目:蝗科)的分类学修订及四新种记述
IF 2.5 2区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-16-00007
E. Wostl, A. Riyanto, A. Hamidy, N. Kurniawan, Eric N Smith, M. B. Harvey
Abstract: This paper is the first taxonomic treatment of Sumatran Philautus since the early 20th century. We redescribe P. cornutus and P. petersi from new specimens, restrict P. petersi to Great Natuna Island, and reinstate the name P. larutensis for the populations on Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. We then synonymize P. similis with P. larutensis. We report Sumatran populations of P. kerangae and P. refugii, two species previously thought to be endemic to Borneo and discuss the presence of P. aurifasciatus on the island. We describe four new species of Philautus collected during large-scale herpetological surveys of Sumatra between 2013 and 2015 and propose a hypothesis of their relationship to the other Sunda Shelf Philautus on the basis of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences. Additionally, we provide a key to the Philautus of Sumatra. In the course of this work we transfer P. vittiger from Java to the genus Chiromantis.
摘要:本文是20世纪初以来首次对苏门答腊菲劳斯(Sumatran Philautus)进行分类处理。我们从新的标本中重新描述了P. cornutus和P. petersi,将P. petersi限制在大纳土纳岛,并在婆罗洲、马来西亚半岛和苏门答腊的种群中恢复了P. larutensis的名称。然后我们将P. similis与P. larutensis同义化。我们报告了P. kerangae和P. refugii的苏门答腊种群,这两个物种以前被认为是婆罗洲特有的,并讨论了P. aurifasciatus在岛上的存在。本文描述了2013 - 2015年在苏门答腊岛大规模爬行动物调查中发现的4个新种Philautus,并根据16S核糖体核糖核酸序列提出了它们与其他巽他陆架Philautus的关系假设。此外,我们还提供了一本苏门答腊岛Philautus的钥匙。在这项工作的过程中,我们将P. vittiger从爪哇转移到Chiromantis属。
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引用次数: 16
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Herpetological Monographs
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