Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700830
A. K. Chernyshov, P. A. Mikheyev
A short external cavity (EC) providing a single frequency lasing of quantum-well diode lasers with broad optical gain profiles has been developed. A feature of the proposed EC is the use of a resonant reflector formed by two thin (with thickness of approximately 100 µm) cover glasses as a return mirror. The HL8338MG laser equipped with a similar short EC made it possible to demonstrate the continuous optical frequency tuning within 100 GHz and discrete wavelength tuning in the 12.3 nm range with an output power of approximately 20 mW. The applicability of such a tunable diode laser source for gas spectroscopy was confirmed by the observation of three krypton absorption lines near 829 nm in a low-pressure radio frequency discharge.
{"title":"Tunable Diode Laser with a Short Tandem External Cavity","authors":"A. K. Chernyshov, P. A. Mikheyev","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700830","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700830","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A short external cavity (EC) providing a single frequency lasing of quantum-well diode lasers with broad optical gain profiles has been developed. A feature of the proposed EC is the use of a resonant reflector formed by two thin (with thickness of approximately 100 µm) cover glasses as a return mirror. The HL8338MG laser equipped with a similar short EC made it possible to demonstrate the continuous optical frequency tuning within 100 GHz and discrete wavelength tuning in the 12.3 nm range with an output power of approximately 20 mW. The applicability of such a tunable diode laser source for gas spectroscopy was confirmed by the observation of three krypton absorption lines near 829 nm in a low-pressure radio frequency discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"523 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700684
P. V. Vykhodtsev, Yu. A. Karpov, A. S. Stepchenko, V.V. Rostov
The possibility of using modern energy-intensive storage devices based on supercapacitors in relation to the tasks of powering magnetic systems of high-power microwave generators based on a relativistic backward wave tube (BWT) is described. Magnetic systems of such generators consist of a two-section solenoid. During the operation of the generator, a current of up to 700 A flows through the windings of a solenoid for few seconds. The magnetic system is powered from a capacitive storage device based on supercapacitor modules through step-down current regulators. Current stabilization is carried out by increasing the duration of the open state of the switches as the storage device is discharged. The control system contains a microprocessor that controls the power switches of current regulators as well as the management of the drive charging processes and interaction with peripheral devices. The work presents all the necessary formulas for calculating the parameters of the current regulator and estimating the storage capacity and its energy characteristics. Also, two variations for the implementation of similar power supplies are presented: the maximum output power of the first one is 280 kW with an output current duration of up to 1.5 s, and the maximum output power of the second one is 90 kW with an output current duration of up to 2.5 s.
{"title":"Regulated DC Sources for Powering Magnetic Systems of Microwave Generators Based on Supercapacitor Storages","authors":"P. V. Vykhodtsev, Yu. A. Karpov, A. S. Stepchenko, V.V. Rostov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700684","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700684","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The possibility of using modern energy-intensive storage devices based on supercapacitors in relation to the tasks of powering magnetic systems of high-power microwave generators based on a relativistic backward wave tube (BWT) is described. Magnetic systems of such generators consist of a two-section solenoid. During the operation of the generator, a current of up to 700 A flows through the windings of a solenoid for few seconds. The magnetic system is powered from a capacitive storage device based on supercapacitor modules through step-down current regulators. Current stabilization is carried out by increasing the duration of the open state of the switches as the storage device is discharged. The control system contains a microprocessor that controls the power switches of current regulators as well as the management of the drive charging processes and interaction with peripheral devices. The work presents all the necessary formulas for calculating the parameters of the current regulator and estimating the storage capacity and its energy characteristics. Also, two variations for the implementation of similar power supplies are presented: the maximum output power of the first one is 280 kW with an output current duration of up to 1.5 s, and the maximum output power of the second one is 90 kW with an output current duration of up to 2.5 s.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"471 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700659
F.-L. Wen, M.-H. Lai, C.-P. Wen
A proportional-integral-derivative-based (PID based) sliding mode control (SMC) was applied to the linear stage driven by a constraint-tuning modified-mode (CTMM) ultrasonic actuator. Based upon the driving variation of voltage amplitude and the preload on the CTMM ultrasonic actuator, nonlinear phenomena, such as frequencies shifting in electromechanical resonance and the dead zone in moving response, could be suppressed almost completely by the PID based SMC controller with output biases. Using system identification technique, an approximate second-order model of the linear stage could be obtained for the equivalent control term of the PID based SMC controller. Through an estimated model error, the design of the switching control term was used to compensate for the shifting property of resonant frequencies under electromechanical coupling. A target-command-shaping function matched the responding speed of the system during tracking experiments. Experimental results demonstrate that the SMC controller has the capacity for noise rejection to control the slider’s position in bilateral tracking motions. Its resolution is sufficient to approach micrometer-level accuracy.
{"title":"Nonlinear Control for Constraint-tuning Modified-mode Ultrasonic Actuating Linear Stage","authors":"F.-L. Wen, M.-H. Lai, C.-P. Wen","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700659","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700659","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A proportional-integral-derivative-based (PID based) sliding mode control (SMC) was applied to the linear stage driven by a constraint-tuning modified-mode (CTMM) ultrasonic actuator. Based upon the driving variation of voltage amplitude and the preload on the CTMM ultrasonic actuator, nonlinear phenomena, such as frequencies shifting in electromechanical resonance and the dead zone in moving response, could be suppressed almost completely by the PID based SMC controller with output biases. Using system identification technique, an approximate second-order model of the linear stage could be obtained for the equivalent control term of the PID based SMC controller. Through an estimated model error, the design of the switching control term was used to compensate for the shifting property of resonant frequencies under electromechanical coupling. A target-command-shaping function matched the responding speed of the system during tracking experiments. Experimental results demonstrate that the SMC controller has the capacity for noise rejection to control the slider’s position in bilateral tracking motions. Its resolution is sufficient to approach micrometer-level accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"602 - 613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700817
V. S. Skakun, V. F. Tarasenko, V. A. Panarin, D. A. Sorokin
A compact emitter of a relatively simple design with argon filling has been developed, which can be used to create VUV and UV excilamps. Its characteristics were investigated. To increase the radiation power on the second continuum of argon dimers (λ ≈ 126 nm), a method based on gas flow through the discharge region was used. At an excitation pulse repetition rate of 96 kHz, the radiation power density at λ ≈ 126 nm behind the output window made of MgF2 greater than 5 mW/cm2 was obtained. It is shown that argon flow at a rate of 0.5–1 L/s through the discharge region makes it possible to stabilize the average power of VUV radiation at a level no worse than 2%.
{"title":"Small Scale Emitter for an Excilamp with the Wavelength of 126 nm","authors":"V. S. Skakun, V. F. Tarasenko, V. A. Panarin, D. A. Sorokin","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700817","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700817","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A compact emitter of a relatively simple design with argon filling has been developed, which can be used to create VUV and UV excilamps. Its characteristics were investigated. To increase the radiation power on the second continuum of argon dimers (λ ≈ 126 nm), a method based on gas flow through the discharge region was used. At an excitation pulse repetition rate of 96 kHz, the radiation power density at λ ≈ 126 nm behind the output window made of MgF<sub>2</sub> greater than 5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> was obtained. It is shown that argon flow at a rate of 0.5–1 L/s through the discharge region makes it possible to stabilize the average power of VUV radiation at a level no worse than 2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"519 - 522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700702
F. F. Guber, M. B. Golubeva, A. A. Zubankov, A. P. Ivashkin, A. V. Izvestnyy, N. M. Karpushkin, D. D. Lyapin, M. V. Mamaev, A. I. Makhnev, S. V. Morozov, P. E. Parfenov, D. V. Serebryakov, D. A. Finogeev, A. I. Shabanov
This article describes the design of the HGND detector (High Granular Neutron Detector) for measuring azimuthal neutron fluxes in the range from 300 to 4000 MeV as well as heavy ions formed in nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies up to 4 AGeV in the BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment on the extracted beam of the JINR Nuclotron, Dubna. The detector consists of 16 layers of plastic scintillation detectors having a cellular structure with copper absorption plates between the layers. The results of measuring the time resolution of scintillation cells using silicon photodetectors are presented. The proposed electronics circuit for reading signals from scintillation cells is described. The results of modeling the acceptance of a neutron detector, the efficiency of neutron detection, the neutron energy resolution, and an estimate of the neutron count rates for the Bi + Bi reaction at an energy of 3 AGeV are presented.
{"title":"Development of a High Granular TOF Neutron Detector for the BM@N Experiment","authors":"F. F. Guber, M. B. Golubeva, A. A. Zubankov, A. P. Ivashkin, A. V. Izvestnyy, N. M. Karpushkin, D. D. Lyapin, M. V. Mamaev, A. I. Makhnev, S. V. Morozov, P. E. Parfenov, D. V. Serebryakov, D. A. Finogeev, A. I. Shabanov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700702","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article describes the design of the HGND detector (High Granular Neutron Detector) for measuring azimuthal neutron fluxes in the range from 300 to 4000 MeV as well as heavy ions formed in nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies up to 4 AGeV in the BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment on the extracted beam of the JINR Nuclotron, Dubna. The detector consists of 16 layers of plastic scintillation detectors having a cellular structure with copper absorption plates between the layers. The results of measuring the time resolution of scintillation cells using silicon photodetectors are presented. The proposed electronics circuit for reading signals from scintillation cells is described. The results of modeling the acceptance of a neutron detector, the efficiency of neutron detection, the neutron energy resolution, and an estimate of the neutron count rates for the Bi + Bi reaction at an energy of 3 AGeV are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"447 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700635
Gihan G. Hamza
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is calculated using the time data of hundreds of remote atomic clocks. These time data are generated by comparing the atomic clocks to another standard clock through time transfer. One-way time transfer using the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is one of the most essential and widely used time transfer techniques. The stability of the transferred time may be degraded due to many phenomena that affect GNSS signals during their path from the transmitter to the receiver. Multipath reflections are one of these phenomena that considerably degrade one way time transfer stability. It is a common notion that the fewer multipath reflections there are, the better the time transfer stability will be. This can be achieved by limiting the reception of GPS signals to high elevation satellites. In this paper, the author studied the effect of satellite elevation on time transfer stability for both GPS and Galileo. The results of this study suggest that the old shape of the relation between the elevation mask and the time transfer stability may have changed. Therefore, the author proposed a new technique for mitigating the effect of multipath on time transfer stability. The proposed technique was applied to real timing data generated from the Golden receiver of the Physikalisch-technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), which is the German national metrology institute.
{"title":"Mitigating the Effect of Multipath on the Stability of Time Transfer Using GNSS","authors":"Gihan G. Hamza","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700635","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700635","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is calculated using the time data of hundreds of remote atomic clocks. These time data are generated by comparing the atomic clocks to another standard clock through time transfer. One-way time transfer using the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is one of the most essential and widely used time transfer techniques. The stability of the transferred time may be degraded due to many phenomena that affect GNSS signals during their path from the transmitter to the receiver. Multipath reflections are one of these phenomena that considerably degrade one way time transfer stability. It is a common notion that the fewer multipath reflections there are, the better the time transfer stability will be. This can be achieved by limiting the reception of GPS signals to high elevation satellites. In this paper, the author studied the effect of satellite elevation on time transfer stability for both GPS and Galileo. The results of this study suggest that the old shape of the relation between the elevation mask and the time transfer stability may have changed. Therefore, the author proposed a new technique for mitigating the effect of multipath on time transfer stability. The proposed technique was applied to real timing data generated from the Golden receiver of the Physikalisch-technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), which is the German national metrology institute.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"578 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700829
M. V. Philippov, V. S. Makhmutov, O. S. Maksumov, A. A. Kvashnin, A. N. Kvashnin, M. V. Razumeyko, V. I. Logachev, S. V. Mizin, S. V. Sokov
The article briefly describes the goals and tasks of the planned “Sun–Terahertz” space experiment on board the Russian segment of the ISS. The experiment was aimed at studying radiation from the Sun in the unexplored terahertz range at frequencies of 1012–1013 Hz and obtaining new data on the terahertz radiation of the Sun, solar active regions, and solar flares. The scientific equipment being developed is a set of eight detectors sensitive to radiation of various frequencies: 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0, and 12.0 THz. The main components of the electronics unit of the scientific equipment are considered: amplifiers, optical-chopper drivers, the power board, and the electronics board. The accuracy of signal measurements using an ADC on the electronics board was calculated, and the sensitivity of the scientific equipment was assessed.
{"title":"Electronics Unit for “Sun–Terahertz” Scientific Equipment","authors":"M. V. Philippov, V. S. Makhmutov, O. S. Maksumov, A. A. Kvashnin, A. N. Kvashnin, M. V. Razumeyko, V. I. Logachev, S. V. Mizin, S. V. Sokov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700829","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700829","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article briefly describes the goals and tasks of the planned “Sun–Terahertz” space experiment on board the Russian segment of the ISS. The experiment was aimed at studying radiation from the Sun in the unexplored terahertz range at frequencies of 10<sup>12</sup>–10<sup>13</sup> Hz and obtaining new data on the terahertz radiation of the Sun, solar active regions, and solar flares. The scientific equipment being developed is a set of eight detectors sensitive to radiation of various frequencies: 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0, and 12.0 THz. The main components of the electronics unit of the scientific equipment are considered: amplifiers, optical-chopper drivers, the power board, and the electronics board. The accuracy of signal measurements using an ADC on the electronics board was calculated, and the sensitivity of the scientific equipment was assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"545 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700660
V. M. Azriel’, V. M. Akimov, E. V. Ermolova, D. B. Kabanov, L. I. Kolesnikova, L. Yu. Rusin, M. B. Sevryuk
A method for recording time-of-flight spectra of hyperthermal gas-dynamic seeded molecular beams of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides is described. This method is free of the need to determine and adjust spectra taking hardware time delays into account. The method is based on registering ions, which are formed in the collision-induced dissociation (CID) of molecules with ionic bonds, by two secondary-electron multipliers located at different distances from the beam chopper along the beam passage.
{"title":"Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy of Hyperthermal Molecular Beams of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Halides","authors":"V. M. Azriel’, V. M. Akimov, E. V. Ermolova, D. B. Kabanov, L. I. Kolesnikova, L. Yu. Rusin, M. B. Sevryuk","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700660","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700660","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method for recording time-of-flight spectra of hyperthermal gas-dynamic seeded molecular beams of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides is described. This method is free of the need to determine and adjust spectra taking hardware time delays into account. The method is based on registering ions, which are formed in the collision-induced dissociation (CID) of molecules with ionic bonds, by two secondary-electron multipliers located at different distances from the beam chopper along the beam passage.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"593 - 595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700866
I. V. Schemerov, P. B. Lagov, S. P. Kobeleva, V. D. Kirilov, A. S. Drenin, A. A. Mescheryakov
It is shown that capacitance–frequency characterization can help to derive the optimization limits for radiation optimization of the transient properties of the rectifiers. Measurements of the current–voltage, capacitance–voltage, capacitance–frequency characteristics, and reverse recovery profiling were provided for silicon-based rectifiers. p–n-junction rectifiers were irradiated by 5 MeV electrons with fluences from 1014 to 1015 cm–2. It is shown that reverse-recovery time decreases after 5 MeV electron irradiation and this decreasing changes monotonously with irradiation dose (from 2.2 ms to 15 µs for 1015 cm–2). At the same time, series resistance increases dramatically (from 0.5 to 90 Ω); it indicates strong degradation of the high-frequency properties. Next criteria for optimal radiation dose can be used: the irradiation level associated with the maximum of boundary frequency indicates the optimum in terms of switching speed. Before this dose, maximum frequency is limited by reverse-recovery time of diode. After this dose, the limiting factor is the relaxation time of RC-circuit, where R is the series resistance of the diode and C is the capacitance of the SRC-region.
{"title":"Optimization of the Transient Characteristics of the Rectifiers under High-Energy Electron Irradiation","authors":"I. V. Schemerov, P. B. Lagov, S. P. Kobeleva, V. D. Kirilov, A. S. Drenin, A. A. Mescheryakov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700866","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700866","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is shown that capacitance–frequency characterization can help to derive the optimization limits for radiation optimization of the transient properties of the rectifiers. Measurements of the current–voltage, capacitance–voltage, capacitance–frequency characteristics, and reverse recovery profiling were provided for silicon-based rectifiers. <i>p</i>–<i>n</i>-junction rectifiers were irradiated by 5 MeV electrons with fluences from 10<sup>14</sup> to 10<sup>15</sup> cm<sup>–2</sup>. It is shown that reverse-recovery time decreases after 5 MeV electron irradiation and this decreasing changes monotonously with irradiation dose (from 2.2 ms to 15 µs for 10<sup>15</sup> cm<sup>–2</sup>). At the same time, series resistance increases dramatically (from 0.5 to 90 Ω); it indicates strong degradation of the high-frequency properties. Next criteria for optimal radiation dose can be used: the irradiation level associated with the maximum of boundary frequency indicates the optimum in terms of switching speed. Before this dose, maximum frequency is limited by reverse-recovery time of diode. After this dose, the limiting factor is the relaxation time of <i>RC</i>-circuit, where <i>R</i> is the series resistance of the diode and <i>C</i> is the capacitance of the <i>SRC</i>-region.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"587 - 592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700854
K. Sh. Shunkeyev, D. M. Sergeyev, Sh. Zh. Sagimbayeva, Zh. K. Ubaev, A. E. German, A. Yu. Litskevich
An experimental setup has been created for scanning the integral light sum of X-ray luminescence IS = f(X) and X-ray luminescence spectrum IXRL = f(hν); the time dependence of integral tunnel luminescence ITL = f(τ) and its spectral composition TL = f(hν); the temperature dependence of integral thermally stimulated luminescence ITSL = f(T) and its spectral composition ITSL = f(hν); and the spectrum of “flash” IF = f(hν) and optical stimulation of “flash” IFOS = f(hν), irradiated with X-rays and uniaxially deformed along the crystallographic directions 〈100〉 or 〈110〉 at low temperature (85 K).
建立了一个实验装置,用于扫描 X 射线发光的积分光和 IS = f(X)和 X 射线发光光谱 IXRL = f(hν);积分隧道发光 ITL = f(τ)的时间依赖性及其光谱成分 TL = f(hν);热刺激积分发光 ITSL = f(T) 的温度依赖性及其光谱组成 ITSL = f(hν);以及在低温(85 K)下,用 X 射线照射并沿晶体学方向〈100〉或〈110〉单轴变形的 "闪光 "IF = f(hν)和光刺激 "闪光 "IFOS = f(hν)的光谱。
{"title":"Facility for Registration of Deformation-Stimulated Luminescence of Crystals","authors":"K. Sh. Shunkeyev, D. M. Sergeyev, Sh. Zh. Sagimbayeva, Zh. K. Ubaev, A. E. German, A. Yu. Litskevich","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700854","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700854","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An experimental setup has been created for scanning the integral light sum of X-ray luminescence <i>I</i><sub><i>S</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>X</i>) and X-ray luminescence spectrum <i>I</i><sub><i>XRL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν); the time dependence of integral tunnel luminescence <i>I</i><sub><i>TL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(τ) and its spectral composition <i>T</i><sub><i>L</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν); the temperature dependence of integral thermally stimulated luminescence <i>I</i><sub><i>TSL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>) and its spectral composition <i>I</i><sub><i>TSL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν); and the spectrum of “flash” <i>I</i><sub><i>F</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν) and optical stimulation of “flash” <i>I</i><sub><i>FOS</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν), irradiated with X-rays and uniaxially deformed along the crystallographic directions 〈100〉 or 〈110〉 at low temperature (85 K).</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"511 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}