首页 > 最新文献

Instruments and Experimental Techniques最新文献

英文 中文
Tunable Diode Laser with a Short Tandem External Cavity 带有短串联外腔的可调谐二极管激光器
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700830
A. K. Chernyshov, P. A. Mikheyev

A short external cavity (EC) providing a single frequency lasing of quantum-well diode lasers with broad optical gain profiles has been developed. A feature of the proposed EC is the use of a resonant reflector formed by two thin (with thickness of approximately 100 µm) cover glasses as a return mirror. The HL8338MG laser equipped with a similar short EC made it possible to demonstrate the continuous optical frequency tuning within 100 GHz and discrete wavelength tuning in the 12.3 nm range with an output power of approximately 20 mW. The applicability of such a tunable diode laser source for gas spectroscopy was confirmed by the observation of three krypton absorption lines near 829 nm in a low-pressure radio frequency discharge.

我们开发了一种短外腔(EC),可为具有宽光学增益曲线的量子阱二极管激光器提供单频激光。所提议的外腔的一个特点是使用由两个薄(厚度约为 100 微米)盖板玻璃组成的谐振反射镜作为反射镜。配备了类似短EC的HL8338MG激光器可以在输出功率约为20 mW的情况下,实现100 GHz范围内的连续光学频率调谐和12.3 nm范围内的离散波长调谐。通过在低压射频放电中观测到 829 nm 附近的三条氪吸收线,证实了这种可调谐二极管激光源在气体光谱学中的适用性。
{"title":"Tunable Diode Laser with a Short Tandem External Cavity","authors":"A. K. Chernyshov,&nbsp;P. A. Mikheyev","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700830","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700830","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A short external cavity (EC) providing a single frequency lasing of quantum-well diode lasers with broad optical gain profiles has been developed. A feature of the proposed EC is the use of a resonant reflector formed by two thin (with thickness of approximately 100 µm) cover glasses as a return mirror. The HL8338MG laser equipped with a similar short EC made it possible to demonstrate the continuous optical frequency tuning within 100 GHz and discrete wavelength tuning in the 12.3 nm range with an output power of approximately 20 mW. The applicability of such a tunable diode laser source for gas spectroscopy was confirmed by the observation of three krypton absorption lines near 829 nm in a low-pressure radio frequency discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"523 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regulated DC Sources for Powering Magnetic Systems of Microwave Generators Based on Supercapacitor Storages 用于为基于超级电容器储能器的微波发生器磁性系统供电的稳压直流电源
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700684
P. V. Vykhodtsev, Yu. A. Karpov, A. S. Stepchenko, V.V. Rostov

The possibility of using modern energy-intensive storage devices based on supercapacitors in relation to the tasks of powering magnetic systems of high-power microwave generators based on a relativistic backward wave tube (BWT) is described. Magnetic systems of such generators consist of a two-section solenoid. During the operation of the generator, a current of up to 700 A flows through the windings of a solenoid for few seconds. The magnetic system is powered from a capacitive storage device based on supercapacitor modules through step-down current regulators. Current stabilization is carried out by increasing the duration of the open state of the switches as the storage device is discharged. The control system contains a microprocessor that controls the power switches of current regulators as well as the management of the drive charging processes and interaction with peripheral devices. The work presents all the necessary formulas for calculating the parameters of the current regulator and estimating the storage capacity and its energy characteristics. Also, two variations for the implementation of similar power supplies are presented: the maximum output power of the first one is 280 kW with an output current duration of up to 1.5 s, and the maximum output power of the second one is 90 kW with an output current duration of up to 2.5 s.

本文介绍了使用基于超级电容器的现代能源密集型存储设备,为基于相对论后向波管(BWT)的高功率微波发生器的磁性系统供电的可能性。这种发生器的磁系统由一个双节螺线管组成。在发电机运行期间,高达 700 A 的电流会在几秒钟内流过螺线管的绕组。磁力系统由一个基于超级电容器模块的电容存储装置通过降压电流调节器供电。在储能装置放电时,通过延长开关打开状态的持续时间来稳定电流。控制系统包含一个微处理器,用于控制电流调节器的电源开关以及驱动器充电过程的管理和与外围设备的交互。该作品提出了计算电流调节器参数、估算存储容量及其能量特性的所有必要公式。此外,还介绍了实施类似电源的两种变体:第一种变体的最大输出功率为 280 千瓦,输出电流持续时间最长为 1.5 秒;第二种变体的最大输出功率为 90 千瓦,输出电流持续时间最长为 2.5 秒。
{"title":"Regulated DC Sources for Powering Magnetic Systems of Microwave Generators Based on Supercapacitor Storages","authors":"P. V. Vykhodtsev,&nbsp;Yu. A. Karpov,&nbsp;A. S. Stepchenko,&nbsp;V.V. Rostov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700684","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700684","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The possibility of using modern energy-intensive storage devices based on supercapacitors in relation to the tasks of powering magnetic systems of high-power microwave generators based on a relativistic backward wave tube (BWT) is described. Magnetic systems of such generators consist of a two-section solenoid. During the operation of the generator, a current of up to 700 A flows through the windings of a solenoid for few seconds. The magnetic system is powered from a capacitive storage device based on supercapacitor modules through step-down current regulators. Current stabilization is carried out by increasing the duration of the open state of the switches as the storage device is discharged. The control system contains a microprocessor that controls the power switches of current regulators as well as the management of the drive charging processes and interaction with peripheral devices. The work presents all the necessary formulas for calculating the parameters of the current regulator and estimating the storage capacity and its energy characteristics. Also, two variations for the implementation of similar power supplies are presented: the maximum output power of the first one is 280 kW with an output current duration of up to 1.5 s, and the maximum output power of the second one is 90 kW with an output current duration of up to 2.5 s.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"471 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonlinear Control for Constraint-tuning Modified-mode Ultrasonic Actuating Linear Stage 约束调整修正模式超声波执行直线运动平台的非线性控制
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700659
F.-L. Wen, M.-H. Lai, C.-P. Wen

A proportional-integral-derivative-based (PID based) sliding mode control (SMC) was applied to the linear stage driven by a constraint-tuning modified-mode (CTMM) ultrasonic actuator. Based upon the driving variation of voltage amplitude and the preload on the CTMM ultrasonic actuator, nonlinear phenomena, such as frequencies shifting in electromechanical resonance and the dead zone in moving response, could be suppressed almost completely by the PID based SMC controller with output biases. Using system identification technique, an approximate second-order model of the linear stage could be obtained for the equivalent control term of the PID based SMC controller. Through an estimated model error, the design of the switching control term was used to compensate for the shifting property of resonant frequencies under electromechanical coupling. A target-command-shaping function matched the responding speed of the system during tracking experiments. Experimental results demonstrate that the SMC controller has the capacity for noise rejection to control the slider’s position in bilateral tracking motions. Its resolution is sufficient to approach micrometer-level accuracy.

基于比例-积分-派生(PID)的滑模控制(SMC)被应用于由约束调整修正模式(CTMM)超声波致动器驱动的线性平台。根据 CTMM 超声波致动器上的电压振幅和预载的驱动变化,基于 PID 的 SMC 控制器几乎可以完全抑制非线性现象,如机电共振中的频率偏移和移动响应中的死区。利用系统识别技术,可以为基于 PID 的 SMC 控制器的等效控制项获得线性级的近似二阶模型。通过估计模型误差,开关控制项的设计用于补偿机电耦合下谐振频率的移动特性。在跟踪实验中,目标命令整形函数与系统的响应速度相匹配。实验结果表明,SMC 控制器具有噪声抑制能力,可在双边跟踪运动中控制滑块的位置。其分辨率足以接近微米级精度。
{"title":"Nonlinear Control for Constraint-tuning Modified-mode Ultrasonic Actuating Linear Stage","authors":"F.-L. Wen,&nbsp;M.-H. Lai,&nbsp;C.-P. Wen","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700659","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700659","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A proportional-integral-derivative-based (PID based) sliding mode control (SMC) was applied to the linear stage driven by a constraint-tuning modified-mode (CTMM) ultrasonic actuator. Based upon the driving variation of voltage amplitude and the preload on the CTMM ultrasonic actuator, nonlinear phenomena, such as frequencies shifting in electromechanical resonance and the dead zone in moving response, could be suppressed almost completely by the PID based SMC controller with output biases. Using system identification technique, an approximate second-order model of the linear stage could be obtained for the equivalent control term of the PID based SMC controller. Through an estimated model error, the design of the switching control term was used to compensate for the shifting property of resonant frequencies under electromechanical coupling. A target-command-shaping function matched the responding speed of the system during tracking experiments. Experimental results demonstrate that the SMC controller has the capacity for noise rejection to control the slider’s position in bilateral tracking motions. Its resolution is sufficient to approach micrometer-level accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"602 - 613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Small Scale Emitter for an Excilamp with the Wavelength of 126 nm 波长为 126 纳米的小型激光灯发射器
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700817
V. S. Skakun, V. F. Tarasenko, V. A. Panarin, D. A. Sorokin

A compact emitter of a relatively simple design with argon filling has been developed, which can be used to create VUV and UV excilamps. Its characteristics were investigated. To increase the radiation power on the second continuum of argon dimers (λ ≈ 126 nm), a method based on gas flow through the discharge region was used. At an excitation pulse repetition rate of 96 kHz, the radiation power density at λ ≈ 126 nm behind the output window made of MgF2 greater than 5 mW/cm2 was obtained. It is shown that argon flow at a rate of 0.5–1 L/s through the discharge region makes it possible to stabilize the average power of VUV radiation at a level no worse than 2%.

我们开发了一种设计相对简单的紧凑型氩气填充发射器,可用于制造紫外线和紫外激光灯。我们对其特性进行了研究。为了提高氩二聚体第二连续波(λ ≈ 126 nm)的辐射功率,使用了一种基于气体流经放电区的方法。在激发脉冲重复频率为 96 kHz 时,MgF2 输出窗口后 λ ≈ 126 nm 处的辐射功率密度大于 5 mW/cm2。结果表明,以 0.5-1 升/秒的速率通过放电区的氩气流可以将紫外辐射的平均功率稳定在不低于 2% 的水平。
{"title":"Small Scale Emitter for an Excilamp with the Wavelength of 126 nm","authors":"V. S. Skakun,&nbsp;V. F. Tarasenko,&nbsp;V. A. Panarin,&nbsp;D. A. Sorokin","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700817","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700817","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A compact emitter of a relatively simple design with argon filling has been developed, which can be used to create VUV and UV excilamps. Its characteristics were investigated. To increase the radiation power on the second continuum of argon dimers (λ ≈ 126 nm), a method based on gas flow through the discharge region was used. At an excitation pulse repetition rate of 96 kHz, the radiation power density at λ ≈ 126 nm behind the output window made of MgF<sub>2</sub> greater than 5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> was obtained. It is shown that argon flow at a rate of 0.5–1 L/s through the discharge region makes it possible to stabilize the average power of VUV radiation at a level no worse than 2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"519 - 522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a High Granular TOF Neutron Detector for the BM@N Experiment 为 BM@N 实验开发高颗粒 TOF 中子探测器
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700702
F. F. Guber, M. B. Golubeva, A. A. Zubankov, A. P. Ivashkin, A. V. Izvestnyy, N. M. Karpushkin, D. D. Lyapin, M. V. Mamaev, A. I. Makhnev, S. V. Morozov, P. E. Parfenov, D. V. Serebryakov, D. A. Finogeev, A. I. Shabanov

This article describes the design of the HGND detector (High Granular Neutron Detector) for measuring azimuthal neutron fluxes in the range from 300 to 4000 MeV as well as heavy ions formed in nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies up to 4 AGeV in the BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment on the extracted beam of the JINR Nuclotron, Dubna. The detector consists of 16 layers of plastic scintillation detectors having a cellular structure with copper absorption plates between the layers. The results of measuring the time resolution of scintillation cells using silicon photodetectors are presented. The proposed electronics circuit for reading signals from scintillation cells is described. The results of modeling the acceptance of a neutron detector, the efficiency of neutron detection, the neutron energy resolution, and an estimate of the neutron count rates for the Bi + Bi reaction at an energy of 3 AGeV are presented.

本文介绍了 HGND 探测器(高颗粒中子探测器)的设计,该探测器用于测量 300 至 4000 MeV 范围内的方位中子通量,以及在杜布纳 JINR 核燃料加速器提取束上进行的 BM@N(核燃料加速器重子物质)实验中,在能量高达 4 AGeV 的核-核碰撞中形成的重离子。该探测器由 16 层塑料闪烁探测器组成,具有蜂窝状结构,各层之间有铜吸收板。报告介绍了使用硅光电探测器测量闪烁池时间分辨率的结果。介绍了从闪烁池读取信号的拟议电子电路。介绍了对中子探测器的接受能力、中子探测效率、中子能量分辨率进行建模的结果,以及对能量为 3 AGeV 的 Bi + Bi 反应的中子计数率的估计。
{"title":"Development of a High Granular TOF Neutron Detector for the BM@N Experiment","authors":"F. F. Guber,&nbsp;M. B. Golubeva,&nbsp;A. A. Zubankov,&nbsp;A. P. Ivashkin,&nbsp;A. V. Izvestnyy,&nbsp;N. M. Karpushkin,&nbsp;D. D. Lyapin,&nbsp;M. V. Mamaev,&nbsp;A. I. Makhnev,&nbsp;S. V. Morozov,&nbsp;P. E. Parfenov,&nbsp;D. V. Serebryakov,&nbsp;D. A. Finogeev,&nbsp;A. I. Shabanov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700702","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article describes the design of the HGND detector (High Granular Neutron Detector) for measuring azimuthal neutron fluxes in the range from 300 to 4000 MeV as well as heavy ions formed in nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies up to 4 AGeV in the BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment on the extracted beam of the JINR Nuclotron, Dubna. The detector consists of 16 layers of plastic scintillation detectors having a cellular structure with copper absorption plates between the layers. The results of measuring the time resolution of scintillation cells using silicon photodetectors are presented. The proposed electronics circuit for reading signals from scintillation cells is described. The results of modeling the acceptance of a neutron detector, the efficiency of neutron detection, the neutron energy resolution, and an estimate of the neutron count rates for the Bi + Bi reaction at an energy of 3 AGeV are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"447 - 456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitigating the Effect of Multipath on the Stability of Time Transfer Using GNSS 利用全球导航卫星系统减轻多径效应对时间传输稳定性的影响
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700635
Gihan G. Hamza

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is calculated using the time data of hundreds of remote atomic clocks. These time data are generated by comparing the atomic clocks to another standard clock through time transfer. One-way time transfer using the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is one of the most essential and widely used time transfer techniques. The stability of the transferred time may be degraded due to many phenomena that affect GNSS signals during their path from the transmitter to the receiver. Multipath reflections are one of these phenomena that considerably degrade one way time transfer stability. It is a common notion that the fewer multipath reflections there are, the better the time transfer stability will be. This can be achieved by limiting the reception of GPS signals to high elevation satellites. In this paper, the author studied the effect of satellite elevation on time transfer stability for both GPS and Galileo. The results of this study suggest that the old shape of the relation between the elevation mask and the time transfer stability may have changed. Therefore, the author proposed a new technique for mitigating the effect of multipath on time transfer stability. The proposed technique was applied to real timing data generated from the Golden receiver of the Physikalisch-technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), which is the German national metrology institute.

协调世界时(UTC)是利用数百个远程原子钟的时间数据计算出来的。这些时间数据是通过时间传送将原子钟与另一个标准时钟进行比较而产生的。使用全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)进行单向时间传送是最基本和最广泛使用的时间传送技术之一。由于全球导航卫星系统信号在从发射器到接收器的传输过程中会受到多种现象的影响,因此传输时间的稳定性可能会降低。多径反射就是其中一种会大大降低单向时间传输稳定性的现象。一般认为,多径反射越少,时间传输稳定性就越好。这可以通过限制高海拔卫星接收 GPS 信号来实现。在本文中,作者研究了卫星海拔高度对 GPS 和伽利略时间转移稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,高程掩码与时间转移稳定性之间的旧有关系可能已经改变。因此,作者提出了一种减轻多径对时间传递稳定性影响的新技术。所提出的技术被应用于德国国家计量研究院(PTB)黄金接收器生成的真实授时数据。
{"title":"Mitigating the Effect of Multipath on the Stability of Time Transfer Using GNSS","authors":"Gihan G. Hamza","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700635","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700635","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is calculated using the time data of hundreds of remote atomic clocks. These time data are generated by comparing the atomic clocks to another standard clock through time transfer. One-way time transfer using the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is one of the most essential and widely used time transfer techniques. The stability of the transferred time may be degraded due to many phenomena that affect GNSS signals during their path from the transmitter to the receiver. Multipath reflections are one of these phenomena that considerably degrade one way time transfer stability. It is a common notion that the fewer multipath reflections there are, the better the time transfer stability will be. This can be achieved by limiting the reception of GPS signals to high elevation satellites. In this paper, the author studied the effect of satellite elevation on time transfer stability for both GPS and Galileo. The results of this study suggest that the old shape of the relation between the elevation mask and the time transfer stability may have changed. Therefore, the author proposed a new technique for mitigating the effect of multipath on time transfer stability. The proposed technique was applied to real timing data generated from the Golden receiver of the Physikalisch-technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), which is the German national metrology institute.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"578 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electronics Unit for “Sun–Terahertz” Scientific Equipment 用于 "太阳-太赫兹 "科学设备的电子装置
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700829
M. V. Philippov, V. S. Makhmutov, O. S. Maksumov, A. A. Kvashnin, A. N. Kvashnin, M. V. Razumeyko, V. I. Logachev, S. V. Mizin, S. V. Sokov

The article briefly describes the goals and tasks of the planned “Sun–Terahertz” space experiment on board the Russian segment of the ISS. The experiment was aimed at studying radiation from the Sun in the unexplored terahertz range at frequencies of 1012–1013 Hz and obtaining new data on the terahertz radiation of the Sun, solar active regions, and solar flares. The scientific equipment being developed is a set of eight detectors sensitive to radiation of various frequencies: 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0, and 12.0 THz. The main components of the electronics unit of the scientific equipment are considered: amplifiers, optical-chopper drivers, the power board, and the electronics board. The accuracy of signal measurements using an ADC on the electronics board was calculated, and the sensitivity of the scientific equipment was assessed.

文章简要介绍了计划在国际空间站俄罗斯舱段上进行的 "太阳-太赫兹 "空间实验的目标和任务。该实验旨在研究太阳在频率为 1012-1013 赫兹的未探索太赫兹范围内的辐射,并获得有关太阳、太阳活动区和太阳耀斑的太赫兹辐射的新数据。正在开发的科学设备是一套对不同频率辐射敏感的八个探测器:0.4、0.7、1.0、3.0、5.0、7.0、10.0 和 12.0 太赫兹。科研设备电子单元的主要组件包括:放大器、光斩波器驱动器、电源板和电子板。使用电子板上的 ADC 计算了信号测量的精确度,并评估了科学设备的灵敏度。
{"title":"Electronics Unit for “Sun–Terahertz” Scientific Equipment","authors":"M. V. Philippov,&nbsp;V. S. Makhmutov,&nbsp;O. S. Maksumov,&nbsp;A. A. Kvashnin,&nbsp;A. N. Kvashnin,&nbsp;M. V. Razumeyko,&nbsp;V. I. Logachev,&nbsp;S. V. Mizin,&nbsp;S. V. Sokov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700829","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700829","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article briefly describes the goals and tasks of the planned “Sun–Terahertz” space experiment on board the Russian segment of the ISS. The experiment was aimed at studying radiation from the Sun in the unexplored terahertz range at frequencies of 10<sup>12</sup>–10<sup>13</sup> Hz and obtaining new data on the terahertz radiation of the Sun, solar active regions, and solar flares. The scientific equipment being developed is a set of eight detectors sensitive to radiation of various frequencies: 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0, and 12.0 THz. The main components of the electronics unit of the scientific equipment are considered: amplifiers, optical-chopper drivers, the power board, and the electronics board. The accuracy of signal measurements using an ADC on the electronics board was calculated, and the sensitivity of the scientific equipment was assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"545 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy of Hyperthermal Molecular Beams of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Halides 碱金属和碱土金属卤化物超热分子束的飞行时间光谱学
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700660
V. M. Azriel’, V. M. Akimov, E. V. Ermolova, D. B. Kabanov, L. I. Kolesnikova, L. Yu. Rusin, M. B. Sevryuk

A method for recording time-of-flight spectra of hyperthermal gas-dynamic seeded molecular beams of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides is described. This method is free of the need to determine and adjust spectra taking hardware time delays into account. The method is based on registering ions, which are formed in the collision-induced dissociation (CID) of molecules with ionic bonds, by two secondary-electron multipliers located at different distances from the beam chopper along the beam passage.

描述了一种记录碱金属和碱土金属卤化物超热气体动力种子分子束飞行时间光谱的方法。这种方法无需考虑硬件时间延迟来确定和调整光谱。该方法基于两个二次电子倍增器对离子的记录,离子是在具有离子键的分子的碰撞诱导解离(CID)过程中形成的,这两个二次电子倍增器沿光束通道与光束斩波器保持不同的距离。
{"title":"Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy of Hyperthermal Molecular Beams of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Halides","authors":"V. M. Azriel’,&nbsp;V. M. Akimov,&nbsp;E. V. Ermolova,&nbsp;D. B. Kabanov,&nbsp;L. I. Kolesnikova,&nbsp;L. Yu. Rusin,&nbsp;M. B. Sevryuk","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700660","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700660","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method for recording time-of-flight spectra of hyperthermal gas-dynamic seeded molecular beams of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides is described. This method is free of the need to determine and adjust spectra taking hardware time delays into account. The method is based on registering ions, which are formed in the collision-induced dissociation (CID) of molecules with ionic bonds, by two secondary-electron multipliers located at different distances from the beam chopper along the beam passage.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"593 - 595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of the Transient Characteristics of the Rectifiers under High-Energy Electron Irradiation 优化整流器在高能电子辐照下的瞬态特性
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700866
I. V. Schemerov, P. B. Lagov, S. P. Kobeleva, V. D. Kirilov, A. S. Drenin, A. A. Mescheryakov

It is shown that capacitance–frequency characterization can help to derive the optimization limits for radiation optimization of the transient properties of the rectifiers. Measurements of the current–voltage, capacitance–voltage, capacitance–frequency characteristics, and reverse recovery profiling were provided for silicon-based rectifiers. pn-junction rectifiers were irradiated by 5 MeV electrons with fluences from 1014 to 1015 cm–2. It is shown that reverse-recovery time decreases after 5 MeV electron irradiation and this decreasing changes monotonously with irradiation dose (from 2.2 ms to 15 µs for 1015 cm–2). At the same time, series resistance increases dramatically (from 0.5 to 90 Ω); it indicates strong degradation of the high-frequency properties. Next criteria for optimal radiation dose can be used: the irradiation level associated with the maximum of boundary frequency indicates the optimum in terms of switching speed. Before this dose, maximum frequency is limited by reverse-recovery time of diode. After this dose, the limiting factor is the relaxation time of RC-circuit, where R is the series resistance of the diode and C is the capacitance of the SRC-region.

结果表明,电容-频率特性分析有助于得出整流器瞬态特性辐射优化的优化限值。对硅基整流器进行了电流-电压、电容-电压、电容-频率特性和反向恢复剖面测量。结果表明,在 5 MeV 电子辐照后,反向恢复时间缩短,而且这种缩短随辐照剂量的增加而单调变化(1015 cm-2 时从 2.2 ms 到 15 µs)。同时,串联电阻急剧增加(从 0.5 Ω 增加到 90 Ω);这表明高频特性严重退化。接下来可以使用最佳辐照剂量标准:与边界频率最大值相关的辐照水平表示开关速度的最佳值。在此剂量之前,最大频率受二极管反向恢复时间的限制。在此剂量之后,限制因素是 RC 电路的弛豫时间,其中 R 是二极管的串联电阻,C 是 SRC 区域的电容。
{"title":"Optimization of the Transient Characteristics of the Rectifiers under High-Energy Electron Irradiation","authors":"I. V. Schemerov,&nbsp;P. B. Lagov,&nbsp;S. P. Kobeleva,&nbsp;V. D. Kirilov,&nbsp;A. S. Drenin,&nbsp;A. A. Mescheryakov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700866","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700866","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is shown that capacitance–frequency characterization can help to derive the optimization limits for radiation optimization of the transient properties of the rectifiers. Measurements of the current–voltage, capacitance–voltage, capacitance–frequency characteristics, and reverse recovery profiling were provided for silicon-based rectifiers. <i>p</i>–<i>n</i>-junction rectifiers were irradiated by 5 MeV electrons with fluences from 10<sup>14</sup> to 10<sup>15</sup> cm<sup>–2</sup>. It is shown that reverse-recovery time decreases after 5 MeV electron irradiation and this decreasing changes monotonously with irradiation dose (from 2.2 ms to 15 µs for 10<sup>15</sup> cm<sup>–2</sup>). At the same time, series resistance increases dramatically (from 0.5 to 90 Ω); it indicates strong degradation of the high-frequency properties. Next criteria for optimal radiation dose can be used: the irradiation level associated with the maximum of boundary frequency indicates the optimum in terms of switching speed. Before this dose, maximum frequency is limited by reverse-recovery time of diode. After this dose, the limiting factor is the relaxation time of <i>RC</i>-circuit, where <i>R</i> is the series resistance of the diode and <i>C</i> is the capacitance of the <i>SRC</i>-region.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"587 - 592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Facility for Registration of Deformation-Stimulated Luminescence of Crystals 晶体形变激发发光注册设备
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700854
K. Sh. Shunkeyev, D. M. Sergeyev, Sh. Zh. Sagimbayeva, Zh. K. Ubaev, A. E. German, A. Yu. Litskevich

An experimental setup has been created for scanning the integral light sum of X-ray luminescence IS = f(X) and X-ray luminescence spectrum IXRL = f(hν); the time dependence of integral tunnel luminescence ITL = f(τ) and its spectral composition TL = f(hν); the temperature dependence of integral thermally stimulated luminescence ITSL = f(T) and its spectral composition ITSL = f(hν); and the spectrum of “flash” IF = f(hν) and optical stimulation of “flash” IFOS = f(hν), irradiated with X-rays and uniaxially deformed along the crystallographic directions 〈100〉 or 〈110〉 at low temperature (85 K).

建立了一个实验装置,用于扫描 X 射线发光的积分光和 IS = f(X)和 X 射线发光光谱 IXRL = f(hν);积分隧道发光 ITL = f(τ)的时间依赖性及其光谱成分 TL = f(hν);热刺激积分发光 ITSL = f(T) 的温度依赖性及其光谱组成 ITSL = f(hν);以及在低温(85 K)下,用 X 射线照射并沿晶体学方向〈100〉或〈110〉单轴变形的 "闪光 "IF = f(hν)和光刺激 "闪光 "IFOS = f(hν)的光谱。
{"title":"Facility for Registration of Deformation-Stimulated Luminescence of Crystals","authors":"K. Sh. Shunkeyev,&nbsp;D. M. Sergeyev,&nbsp;Sh. Zh. Sagimbayeva,&nbsp;Zh. K. Ubaev,&nbsp;A. E. German,&nbsp;A. Yu. Litskevich","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700854","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700854","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An experimental setup has been created for scanning the integral light sum of X-ray luminescence <i>I</i><sub><i>S</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>X</i>) and X-ray luminescence spectrum <i>I</i><sub><i>XRL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν); the time dependence of integral tunnel luminescence <i>I</i><sub><i>TL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(τ) and its spectral composition <i>T</i><sub><i>L</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν); the temperature dependence of integral thermally stimulated luminescence <i>I</i><sub><i>TSL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>) and its spectral composition <i>I</i><sub><i>TSL</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν); and the spectrum of “flash” <i>I</i><sub><i>F</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν) and optical stimulation of “flash” <i>I</i><sub><i>FOS</i></sub> = <i>f</i>(<i>h</i>ν), irradiated with X-rays and uniaxially deformed along the crystallographic directions 〈100〉 or 〈110〉 at low temperature (85 K).</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"511 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Instruments and Experimental Techniques
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1