Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2022.158018
Libing Gao, Mengda Jia, Dongqing Liu
Digital twin (DT) is drawing significant attention both from the academia, industry and government. However, people from different fields have different understandings and cognitions about DT. In addition, most of the DT application scenarios discussed belong to discrete manufacturing and are not suitable for process manufacturing. Petrochemical industry is a typical process manufacturing with multi-scale hierarchical and functional structure in space and time. This contribution focuses on topics on the application of DT in petrochemical industry including: 1) The specific DT definition by process industry. 2) The three key elements and design of chemical DT. 3) Features and application scenarios of chemical DT from the view of model precision, model scale and asset life cycle. 4) The Four P’s maturity framework of chemical DT, and 5) Prospects for the development of chemical DT.
{"title":"Process Digital Twin and Its Application in Petrochemical Industry","authors":"Libing Gao, Mengda Jia, Dongqing Liu","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2022.158018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2022.158018","url":null,"abstract":"Digital twin (DT) is drawing significant attention both from the academia, industry and government. However, people from different fields have different understandings and cognitions about DT. In addition, most of the DT application scenarios discussed belong to discrete manufacturing and are not suitable for process manufacturing. Petrochemical industry is a typical process manufacturing with multi-scale hierarchical and functional structure in space and time. This contribution focuses on topics on the application of DT in petrochemical industry including: 1) The specific DT definition by process industry. 2) The three key elements and design of chemical DT. 3) Features and application scenarios of chemical DT from the view of model precision, model scale and asset life cycle. 4) The Four P’s maturity framework of chemical DT, and 5) Prospects for the development of chemical DT.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2022.155008
C. W. Butler
This paper applies software analytics to open source code. Open-source software gives both individuals and businesses the flexibility to work with different parts of available code to modify it or incorporate it into their own project. The open source software market is growing. Major companies such as AWS, Facebook, Google, IBM, Microsoft, Netflix, SAP, Cisco, Intel, and Tesla have joined the open source software community. In this study, a sample of 40 open source applications was selected. Traditional McCabe software metrics including cyclomatic and essential complexities were examined. An analytical comparison of this set of metrics and derived metrics for high risk software was utilized as a basis for addressing risk management in the adoption and integration decisions of open source software. From this comparison, refinements were added, and contemporary concepts of design and data metrics derived from cyclomatic complexity were integrated into a classification scheme for software quality. It was found that 84% of the sample open source applications were classified as moderate low risk or low risk indicating that open source software exhibits low risk characteristics. The 40 open source applications were the base data for the model resulting in a technique which is applicable to any open source code regardless of functionality, language, or size.
{"title":"Software Analytics of Open Source Business Software","authors":"C. W. Butler","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2022.155008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2022.155008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper applies software analytics to open source code. Open-source software gives both individuals and businesses the flexibility to work with different parts of available code to modify it or incorporate it into their own project. The open source software market is growing. Major companies such as AWS, Facebook, Google, IBM, Microsoft, Netflix, SAP, Cisco, Intel, and Tesla have joined the open source software community. In this study, a sample of 40 open source applications was selected. Traditional McCabe software metrics including cyclomatic and essential complexities were examined. An analytical comparison of this set of metrics and derived metrics for high risk software was utilized as a basis for addressing risk management in the adoption and integration decisions of open source software. From this comparison, refinements were added, and contemporary concepts of design and data metrics derived from cyclomatic complexity were integrated into a classification scheme for software quality. It was found that 84% of the sample open source applications were classified as moderate low risk or low risk indicating that open source software exhibits low risk characteristics. The 40 open source applications were the base data for the model resulting in a technique which is applicable to any open source code regardless of functionality, language, or size.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70449662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2021.1410033
B. Szabó-Takács, Tamás Takács, A. Roček
The investigation of the tendency of climate change and its effects on ecology, economy and sociology is essential for long term policy making. The long-term measurement of the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere with state-of-the-arts instruments provides high-quality data for these studies. The evaluated data are stored in really special file structures and formats that cannot be inserted in one common database. Moreover, the observed data usually available in ASCII format and the users sometimes need to convert them in other format. The file conversion is usually time consuming procedure and can contribute to the uncertainties. MeteoRead is a client database software that imports the observed atmospheric data e.g. wind direction, wind speed, aerosol particle concentration etc. and makes them available in different file formats, which are most commonly used in climate research. This JavaTM based program applies the Structured Query Language (SQL) functions such as table creation on a database server, data or figures insertion into the table and data selection via Graphical User Interface. The selected data can be stored in NetCDF, HDF5, DataBase or TXT file formats and the figures can be available in PNG, JPG, JPNG, PDF or GIF file formats. The program was tested on Linux and Windows platforms with different JavaTM Development Kit. The MeteoRead is planned to be developed to visualizing the annual, seasonal, monthly, daily or hourly average value of the selected data and to use the functionality of the SQL database to calculate various mathematical and statistical correlations.
{"title":"MeteoRead: Client Software for Inserting Observed Atmospheric Data into MySQLTM Database and Downloading them into Different File Format","authors":"B. Szabó-Takács, Tamás Takács, A. Roček","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2021.1410033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2021.1410033","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of the tendency of climate change and its effects on ecology, economy and sociology is essential for long term policy making. The long-term measurement of the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere with state-of-the-arts instruments provides high-quality data for these studies. The evaluated data are stored in really special file structures and formats that cannot be inserted in one common database. Moreover, the observed data usually available in ASCII format and the users sometimes need to convert them in other format. The file conversion is usually time consuming procedure and can contribute to the uncertainties. MeteoRead is a client database software that imports the observed atmospheric data e.g. wind direction, wind speed, aerosol particle concentration etc. and makes them available in different file formats, which are most commonly used in climate research. This JavaTM based program applies the Structured Query Language (SQL) functions such as table creation on a database server, data or figures insertion into the table and data selection via Graphical User Interface. The selected data can be stored in NetCDF, HDF5, DataBase or TXT file formats and the figures can be available in PNG, JPG, JPNG, PDF or GIF file formats. The program was tested on Linux and Windows platforms with different JavaTM Development Kit. The MeteoRead is planned to be developed to visualizing the annual, seasonal, monthly, daily or hourly average value of the selected data and to use the functionality of the SQL database to calculate various mathematical and statistical correlations.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46594843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2021.1410034
Khairunnahar Suchana, Syed Md. Eftekhar Alam, Anika Tahsin Meem, Manoshi Das Turjo, Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan
People get lost every day, which is a very common incidence in our society. In particular, children, the elderly and mentally challenged people go missing all the time. This paper presents the development of web applications that can provide information and services to both a lost person’s near and dear ones and also people who find the lost person. Using this developed web application, people who have lost a near and dear one can register via their email address and post all the information about the missing person, including photos, in the lost section. People who find someone can also register via their email addresses and post all the information about the found person, including photos, in the found section. There is a search panel where people can search for a lost or found person using their name, age, height, location, skin color, etc. There is also a contact system which can be used to contact the person who has lost or found someone via phone, email, or by connecting with their social media profile. Nowadays, when people lose someone or find someone, they report it to the police, advertise on television or in newspapers, and post it on all social media sites like Facebook and WhatsApp. But this web application provides a faster and enhanced way to find and connect with lost and found people.
{"title":"Development of User-Friendly Web-Based Lost and Found System","authors":"Khairunnahar Suchana, Syed Md. Eftekhar Alam, Anika Tahsin Meem, Manoshi Das Turjo, Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2021.1410034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2021.1410034","url":null,"abstract":"People get lost every day, which is a very common incidence in our society. In particular, children, the elderly and mentally challenged people go missing all the time. This paper presents the development of web applications that can provide information and services to both a lost person’s near and dear ones and also people who find the lost person. Using this developed web application, people who have lost a near and dear one can register via their email address and post all the information about the missing person, including photos, in the lost section. People who find someone can also register via their email addresses and post all the information about the found person, including photos, in the found section. There is a search panel where people can search for a lost or found person using their name, age, height, location, skin color, etc. There is also a contact system which can be used to contact the person who has lost or found someone via phone, email, or by connecting with their social media profile. Nowadays, when people lose someone or find someone, they report it to the police, advertise on television or in newspapers, and post it on all social media sites like Facebook and WhatsApp. But this web application provides a faster and enhanced way to find and connect with lost and found people.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46556199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the aging of the global population, how to provide effective telemedicine for the aging population has become a very important issue, especially for the elderly with limited mobility. If there is a complete telemedicine system, it will not only greatly improve medical efficiency. It can reduce the chance of contact between people and avoid the medical risks caused by severe special infectious pneumonia. This paper focuses on the development of a high-efficiency telemedicine system platform that conforms to international standard data exchange formats. This system platform can not only solve the problem of shortage of medical staff but also allow patients to be free from medical outpatient time constraints. Achieve the effect of telemedicine at any time, and digitize the medical process rules to establish a complete online telemedicine system platform.
{"title":"Telemedicine System Based on Medical Consultation Assistance Integration","authors":"Jhe-Wei Lin, Cheng-Yan Siao, Rong-Guey Chang, Mei-Ling Hsu","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2021.1410031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2021.1410031","url":null,"abstract":"With the aging of the global \u0000population, how to provide effective telemedicine for the aging population has \u0000become a very important issue, especially for the elderly with limited \u0000mobility. If there is a complete telemedicine system, it will not only greatly improve medical efficiency. It can reduce \u0000the chance of contact between people and avoid the medical risks caused \u0000by severe special infectious pneumonia. This paper focuses on the development \u0000of a high-efficiency telemedicine system platform that conforms to \u0000international standard data exchange formats. \u0000This system platform can not only solve the problem of shortage of \u0000medical staff but also allow patients to be free from medical outpatient time \u0000constraints. Achieve the effect of telemedicine at any time, and digitize the \u0000medical process rules to establish a complete online telemedicine system \u0000platform.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46434895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2021.149030
A. Miyamoto
It is becoming an important social problem to make maintenance and rehabilitation of existing infrastructures such as bridges, buildings, etc. in the world. The kernel of such structure management is to develop a method of safety assessment on items which include remaining life and load carrying capacity. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the finding of up-to-date research articles concerning the application of knowledge-based systems to assessment and management of structures and to illustrate the potential of such systems in the structural engineering. In here, knowledge-based systems include knowledge-based expert systems incorporation with artificial neural networks, fuzzy reasoning and genetic or immune algorithms. Specifically, two modern bridge management systems (BMS’s) are presented in the paper. The first is a BMS to assess the performance and derive optimal strategies for inspection and maintenance of concrete bridge structures using reliability based and knowledge-based systems. The second is the concrete bridge rating expert system (J-BMS BREX) to evaluate the performance of existing bridges by incorporating with artificial neural networks and fuzzy reasoning.
{"title":"Knowledge-Based Systems for the Assessment and Management of Bridge Structures: A Review","authors":"A. Miyamoto","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2021.149030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2021.149030","url":null,"abstract":"It is becoming an important social problem to make maintenance and \u0000rehabilitation of existing infrastructures such as bridges, buildings, etc. in \u0000the world. The kernel of such structure management is to develop a method of \u0000safety assessment on items which include \u0000remaining life and load carrying capacity. The purpose of this paper is to \u0000summarize the finding of up-to-date research articles concerning the \u0000application of knowledge-based systems to assessment and management of \u0000structures and to illustrate the potential of such systems in the structural \u0000engineering. In here, knowledge-based systems include knowledge-based expert \u0000systems incorporation with artificial neural networks, \u0000fuzzy reasoning and genetic or immune algorithms. Specifically, two modern bridge management systems \u0000(BMS’s) are presented in the paper. The first is a BMS to assess the \u0000performance and derive optimal strategies for inspection and maintenance of \u0000concrete bridge structures using reliability based and knowledge-based systems. \u0000The second is the concrete bridge rating expert system (J-BMS BREX) to \u0000evaluate the performance of existing bridges by incorporating with artificial \u0000neural networks and fuzzy reasoning.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46275697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2021.149028
Xue Han
Customizing applications through program configuration options has been proved by many open-source and commercial projects as one of the best practices in software engineering. However, traditional performance testing is not in synch with this industrial practice. Traditional performance testing techniques consider program inputs as the only external factor. It ignores the performance influence of configuration options. This study aims to stimulate research interest in performance testing in the context of configurable software systems by answering three research questions. That is, why it is necessary to conduct research in performance testing, what are the state-of-the-art techniques, and how do we conduct performance testing research in configurable software systems. In this study, we examine the unique characteristics and challenges of performance testing research in configurable software systems. We review and discuss research topics on the performance bug study, performance anti-patterns, program analysis, and performance testing. We share the research findings from the empirical study and outline the opening opportunities for new and advanced researchers to contribute to the research community.
{"title":"A Study of Performance Testing in Configurable Software Systems","authors":"Xue Han","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2021.149028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2021.149028","url":null,"abstract":"Customizing applications through program configuration options has been \u0000proved by many open-source and commercial projects as one of the best practices \u0000in software engineering. However, traditional performance testing is not in \u0000synch with this industrial practice. Traditional performance testing techniques \u0000consider program inputs as the only external factor. It ignores the performance \u0000influence of configuration options. This study aims to stimulate research \u0000interest in performance testing in the context of configurable software systems \u0000by answering three research questions. That is, why it is necessary to conduct \u0000research in performance testing, what are the state-of-the-art techniques, and \u0000how do we conduct performance testing research in configurable software \u0000systems. In this study, we examine the unique characteristics and challenges of \u0000performance testing research in configurable software systems. We review and \u0000discuss research topics on the performance bug study, performance anti-patterns, \u0000program analysis, and performance testing. We share the research findings from \u0000the empirical study and outline the opening opportunities for new and advanced \u0000researchers to contribute to the research community.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46665220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-03DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2021.148026
Aristide Massaga, G. Kouamou
Microservice architecture is an architectural style, which allows structuring software as a suite of fine-grained services, each running in its process and deployed independently. Knowing the strengths and limitations of this architectural style, the development team is responsible to select the appropriate technologies which guarantee the consistency between the implementation and the design. This study proposes an evaluation framework which consists of a set of evaluation criteria that are architectural patterns recognized by the community and covering all the implementation aspects of software; and an evaluation function which combines these criteria for a given technology to determine its compatibility score with the microservice style, while taking into account the specific requirements of the software under development. Applying this approach to Spring Boot and JAVA EE technologies, we found that Spring Boot scores 96.3% while JAVA EE scores 44.4%. These scores reflect the effort required to conform software with the principles of this development style.
{"title":"Towards a Framework for Evaluating Technologies for Implementing Microservices Architectures","authors":"Aristide Massaga, G. Kouamou","doi":"10.4236/jsea.2021.148026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jsea.2021.148026","url":null,"abstract":"Microservice architecture is an architectural style, which allows structuring software as a suite of fine-grained services, each running in its process and deployed independently. Knowing the strengths and limitations of this architectural style, the development team is responsible to select the appropriate technologies which guarantee the consistency between the implementation and the design. This study proposes an evaluation framework which consists of a set of evaluation criteria that are architectural patterns recognized by the community and covering all the implementation aspects of software; and an evaluation function which combines these criteria for a given technology to determine its compatibility score with the microservice style, while taking into account the specific requirements of the software under development. Applying this approach to Spring Boot and JAVA EE technologies, we found that Spring Boot scores 96.3% while JAVA EE scores 44.4%. These scores reflect the effort required to conform software with the principles of this development style.","PeriodicalId":62222,"journal":{"name":"软件工程与应用(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45538586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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