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Formation of RRR-α-tocopherol in rumen and intestinal digestibility of tocopherols in dairy cows 奶牛瘤胃中RRR-α-生育酚的形成及肠道中生育酚的消化率
Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.007
Saman Lashkari, Farhad M. Panah, Martin R. Weisbjerg, Søren K. Jensen
<div><p>Tocopherol sources in diets are often a combination of <em>all-rac</em>-α-tocopheryl acetate (synthetic α-tocopherol) from vitamin supplements and natural tocopherols and 2R-(4′R, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocotrienol (α-tocotrienols) from the feed sources. Synthetic α-tocopherol consists of 8 different stereoisomers including 2R-(4′R, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>RRR</em>-α-tocopherol), 2R-(4′S, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>RSR</em>-α-tocopherol), 2R-(4′R, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>RRS</em>-α-tocopherol), 2R-(4′S, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>RSS</em>-α-tocopherol), 2S-(4′S, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>SSS</em>-α-tocopherol), 2S-(4′R, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>SRS</em>-α-tocopherol), 2S-(4′S, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>SSR</em>-α-tocopherol), and 2S-(4′R, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (<em>SRR</em>-α-tocopherol). The pre-absorption metabolism of tocopherols and tocotrienols in ruminants differs from monogastric animals due to the extensive microbial fermentation in the anaerobic rumen. The current study investigated the impact of toasting and decortication of oats on metabolism in the digestive tract (synthesis, digestion), and intestinal digestibility of tocopherols in dairy cows by using 4 ruminal and intestinal cannulated Danish Holstein cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square design for 4 periods. Cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum containing different forms of oats: whole oat, decorticated oat, toasted oat, and decorticated toasted oat, all rolled before mixed ration. Overall means across 4 treatments were statistically analyzed, testing whether overall means were different from zero. Decortication or toasting did not affect the balance or digestibility of α-tocopherols in rumen. Average across treatments showed the ruminal degradation of synthetic α-tocopherol (279 mg/d, <em>P</em> = 0.02; <em>P</em>-value shows that average across treatments is different from zero), synthetic 2R-α-tocopherol (133 mg/d, <em>P</em> < 0.01; summation of <em>RRS</em>-, <em>RSR</em>- and <em>RSS</em>-α-tocopherol), and 2S-α-tocopherol (190 mg/d; <em>P</em> < 0.01, summation of <em>SSS</em>-, <em>SRS</em>-, <em>SSR</em>, and <em>SRR</em>-α-tocopherol), while <em>RRR</em>-α-tocopherol was formed in the rumen (221 mg/d, <em>P</em> = 0.10). The average across treatments showed that small intestinal digestibility of tocopherols ranked in the following order: α-tocotrienol > natural α-tocopherol > synthetic α-tocopherols > 2R-(4′R, 8′R)-,7,8-dimethyltocol (γ-tocopherol). The average across treatments for small intestinal and feed-ileum digestibility ranked in the following order: <em>RRR</em>-α-tocopherol > synthetic 2R-α-tocopherol > 2S-α-tocopherol. Results showed the first evidence for <em>RRR</em>-α-tocopherol formation under anaerobic conditions in the rumen. In addition, synthetic α-tocopherol stereoisomers, γ-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol were degraded in the rumen. There was a discrimination against absorption of synt
饲料中的生育酚来源通常是维生素补充剂中的全rac-α-生育酚乙酸酯(合成α-生育酚)、天然生育酚和饲料中的2R-(4'R, 8'R)-5,7,8-三甲基生育三烯醇(α-生育三烯醇)的组合。合成α生育酚由8种不同的立体异构体组成,其中包括2 r -(4或8或)5、7,8-trimethyltocol(存款准备金率-α生育酚),2 r -(4, 8或)5,7日8-trimethyltocol (RSR -α生育酚),2 r -(4或8)5,7日8-trimethyltocol (RRS -α生育酚),2 r -(4, 8) 5, 7日8-trimethyltocol (RSS -α生育酚),2 s -(4, 8) 5, 7日8-trimethyltocol (SSS -α生育酚),2 s -(4或8)5,7日8-trimethyltocol (SRS -α生育酚),2 s -(4, 8或)5、7,8-trimethyltocol (SSR -α生育酚),和2 s - (4),8或)5、7、8-trimethyltocol (SRR -α生育酚)。由于厌氧瘤胃中广泛的微生物发酵,反刍动物对生育酚和生育三烯醇的预吸收代谢与单胃动物不同。本试验采用4 × 4拉丁方设计,采用4期试验,研究了燕麦烘烤和去皮处理对奶牛消化道代谢(合成、消化)和肠道生育酚消化率的影响。饲喂含全燕麦、去皮燕麦、烤燕麦和去皮烤燕麦的全混合随意日粮,均在混合日粮前卷成卷。对4个处理的总均值进行统计学分析,检验总均值是否异于零。去皮和烘烤均不影响瘤胃α-生育酚的平衡和消化率。各处理平均α-生育酚瘤胃降解量为279 mg/d, P = 0.02;P值表明各处理间的平均值不为零),合成2R-α-生育酚(133 mg/d, P <0.01;RRS-、RSR-和RSS-α-生育酚的总和)和2S-α-生育酚(190 mg/d;P & lt;0.01, SSS-、SRS-、SSR和SRR-α-生育酚的总和),而RRR-α-生育酚在瘤胃中形成(221 mg/d, P = 0.10)。各处理的平均值表明,小肠对生育酚的消化率依次为:α-生育三烯醇>天然α-生育酚;合成α-生育酚;2R-(4'R, 8'R)-,7,8-二甲基苯酚(γ-生育酚)。各处理小肠消化率和饲料-回肠消化率的平均值依次为:RRR-α-生育酚>合成2R-α-生育酚;2 s -α生育酚。结果表明,在厌氧条件下瘤胃中RRR-α-生育酚的形成是第一个证据。此外,合成的α-生育酚立体异构体、γ-生育酚和α-生育三烯醇在瘤胃中被降解。小肠对合成的2R-和2S-α-生育酚的吸收存在差别。
{"title":"Formation of RRR-α-tocopherol in rumen and intestinal digestibility of tocopherols in dairy cows","authors":"Saman Lashkari,&nbsp;Farhad M. Panah,&nbsp;Martin R. Weisbjerg,&nbsp;Søren K. Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tocopherol sources in diets are often a combination of &lt;em&gt;all-rac&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopheryl acetate (synthetic α-tocopherol) from vitamin supplements and natural tocopherols and 2R-(4′R, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocotrienol (α-tocotrienols) from the feed sources. Synthetic α-tocopherol consists of 8 different stereoisomers including 2R-(4′R, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;RRR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), 2R-(4′S, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;RSR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), 2R-(4′R, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;RRS&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), 2R-(4′S, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;RSS&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), 2S-(4′S, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;SSS&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), 2S-(4′R, 8′S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;SRS&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), 2S-(4′S, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;SSR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), and 2S-(4′R, 8′R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol (&lt;em&gt;SRR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol). The pre-absorption metabolism of tocopherols and tocotrienols in ruminants differs from monogastric animals due to the extensive microbial fermentation in the anaerobic rumen. The current study investigated the impact of toasting and decortication of oats on metabolism in the digestive tract (synthesis, digestion), and intestinal digestibility of tocopherols in dairy cows by using 4 ruminal and intestinal cannulated Danish Holstein cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square design for 4 periods. Cows were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum containing different forms of oats: whole oat, decorticated oat, toasted oat, and decorticated toasted oat, all rolled before mixed ration. Overall means across 4 treatments were statistically analyzed, testing whether overall means were different from zero. Decortication or toasting did not affect the balance or digestibility of α-tocopherols in rumen. Average across treatments showed the ruminal degradation of synthetic α-tocopherol (279 mg/d, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;-value shows that average across treatments is different from zero), synthetic 2R-α-tocopherol (133 mg/d, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01; summation of &lt;em&gt;RRS&lt;/em&gt;-, &lt;em&gt;RSR&lt;/em&gt;- and &lt;em&gt;RSS&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), and 2S-α-tocopherol (190 mg/d; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01, summation of &lt;em&gt;SSS&lt;/em&gt;-, &lt;em&gt;SRS&lt;/em&gt;-, &lt;em&gt;SSR&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;SRR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol), while &lt;em&gt;RRR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol was formed in the rumen (221 mg/d, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.10). The average across treatments showed that small intestinal digestibility of tocopherols ranked in the following order: α-tocotrienol &gt; natural α-tocopherol &gt; synthetic α-tocopherols &gt; 2R-(4′R, 8′R)-,7,8-dimethyltocol (γ-tocopherol). The average across treatments for small intestinal and feed-ileum digestibility ranked in the following order: &lt;em&gt;RRR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol &gt; synthetic 2R-α-tocopherol &gt; 2S-α-tocopherol. Results showed the first evidence for &lt;em&gt;RRR&lt;/em&gt;-α-tocopherol formation under anaerobic conditions in the rumen. In addition, synthetic α-tocopherol stereoisomers, γ-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol were degraded in the rumen. There was a discrimination against absorption of synt","PeriodicalId":62604,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"15 ","pages":"Pages 350-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405654523001166/pdfft?md5=06802c67ab5b6a5f7bf511fe0ba32ce1&pid=1-s2.0-S2405654523001166-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135200204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of xylanase, protease, and xylo-oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient utilization, short chain fatty acids, and microbiota in Eimeria-challenged broiler chickens fed high fiber diet 高纤维饲粮中添加木聚糖酶、蛋白酶和低聚木糖对艾美耳菌感染肉鸡生长性能、养分利用、短链脂肪酸和微生物群的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.08.009
Yang Lin , Jeferson M. Lourenco , Oluyinka A. Olukosi

A 21-d experiment was conducted to study the effect of xylanase, protease, and xylo-oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient utilization, gene expression of nutrient transporters, cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and cecal microbiota profile of broilers challenged with mixed Eimeria spp. The study utilized 392 zero-d-old male broiler chicks allocated to 8 treatments in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, as follows: corn-soybean meal diet with no enzyme (Con); Con plus xylanase alone (XYL); Con plus xylanase combined with protease (XYL + PRO); or Con plus xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS); with or without Eimeria challenge. Diets were based on a high-fiber (100 g/kg soluble fibers and 14 g/kg insoluble fibers) basal diet. At d 15, birds in challenged treatment were gavaged with a solution containing Eimeria maxima, Eimeria acervulina, and Eimeria tenella oocysts. At d 21, birds were sampled. Eimeria depressed (P < 0.01) growth performance and nutrient utilization, whereas supplementation had no effect. There were significant Eimeria × supplementation interactions for the sugar transporters GLUT5 (P = 0.02), SGLT1 (P = 0.01), SGLT4 (P < 0.01), and peptide transporter PepT1 (P < 0.01) in jejunal mucosa. Eimeria challenge increased the expression of GM-CSF2 (P < 0.01) and IL-17 (P = 0.04) but decreased (P = 0.03) IL-1β expression in the cecal tonsil. Eimeria × supplementation interactions for cecal acetate, butyrate, and total SCFA showed that concentrations increased or tended to be greater in the supplemented treatments, but only in non-challenged birds. Birds challenged with Eimeria spp. had higher concentrations of isobutyrate (P < 0.01), isovalerate (P < 0.01), and valerate (P = 0.02) in cecal content. Eimeria challenge significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the microbial richness and diversity, and increased (P < 0.01) the proportion of Anaerostipes butyraticus, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and Lactobacillus pontis. In conclusion, Eimeria infection depressed growth performance, nutrient utilization with regulating nutrient transporters. Furthermore, Eimeria challenge shifted the microbial profile and reduced microbial richness and diversity. On the other hand, enzyme supplementation showed limited benefits, which included increased concentrations of SCFA.

本试验旨在研究木聚糖酶、蛋白酶和低聚木糖对混合艾美耳球虫致毒肉鸡生长性能、营养物质利用、营养转运蛋白基因表达、盲肠短链脂肪酸(SCFA)和盲肠微生物群的影响。试验采用4 × 2因子设计,分为8个处理,分别为:无酶玉米-豆粕饲粮(Con);单独加木聚糖酶(XYL);Con +木聚糖酶与蛋白酶(XYL + PRO)联合;或Con +低聚木糖(XOS);有无艾美耳球虫挑战。饲粮采用高纤维(100 g/kg可溶性纤维和14 g/kg不溶性纤维)基础饲粮。15 d时,攻毒组雏鸟灌胃含有大艾美耳球虫、细纹艾美耳球虫和细纹艾美耳球虫卵囊的溶液。21 d时,采集鸟类样本。艾美耳锥抑制(P <0.01),对生长性能和养分利用无显著影响。对糖转运体GLUT5 (P = 0.02)、SGLT1 (P = 0.01)、SGLT4 (P <0.01),肽转运蛋白PepT1 (P <空肠粘膜0.01)。艾美球虫攻毒使GM-CSF2的表达增加(P <IL-17 (P = 0.04), IL-1β在盲肠扁桃体中的表达降低(P = 0.03)。补充艾美耳球虫对盲肠乙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸的相互作用表明,在补充处理中,盲肠乙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸的浓度增加或趋于增加,但仅在未攻毒的鸟类中。用艾美耳球虫攻毒的鸟类具有较高的异丁酸浓度(P <0.01),异戊酸酯(P <盲肠内容物的戊酸(P = 0.02)。艾美耳球虫挑战显著(P <0.01)降低了微生物丰富度和多样性,增加了(P <丁酸厌氧菌、假杆状双歧杆菌和桥乳杆菌的比例为0.01)。综上所述,艾美耳球虫感染通过调节营养转运体抑制了生长性能和养分利用。此外,艾美耳球虫的挑战改变了微生物的分布,降低了微生物的丰富度和多样性。另一方面,酶补充显示出有限的益处,包括SCFA浓度的增加。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Effects on reproductive and productive performance and meat quality in rabbit breeding 日粮中补充n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对兔繁殖和生产性能及肉质的影响
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.009
Stella Agradi , Majlind Sulce , Laura Menchetti , Daniele Vigo , Marta Castrica , Olimpia Barbato , Egon Andoni , Alda Quattrone , Albana Munga , Maria Laura Marongiu , Giulio Curone , Gabriele Brecchia

Rabbit breeding has many critical aspects related to reproduction, production, and animal welfare, which reduce its profitability as well as consumer attractiveness. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) seems to be a good nutritional strategy to improve several aspects of rabbit breeding, enhance animal welfare and produce a new functional food considered healthy for human consumption. For this reason, the main available scientific research regarding the physiological effects of n-3 PUFA rich products supplemented to the rabbit diet will be reviewed. In particular, consequences on the reproductive performances of both doe and buck, the productive parameters, and the meat quality will be analysed.

兔子饲养有许多与繁殖、生产和动物福利有关的关键方面,这降低了其盈利能力和消费者吸引力。在饮食中补充n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)似乎是一种很好的营养策略,可以改善兔子饲养的几个方面,提高动物福利,并生产出一种新的功能性食品,被认为是人类食用的健康食品。因此,将对关于在兔子饮食中补充富含n-3 PUFA的产品的生理作用的主要可用科学研究进行综述。特别是,将分析对母鹿和雄鹿繁殖性能、生产参数和肉质的影响。
{"title":"Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Effects on reproductive and productive performance and meat quality in rabbit breeding","authors":"Stella Agradi ,&nbsp;Majlind Sulce ,&nbsp;Laura Menchetti ,&nbsp;Daniele Vigo ,&nbsp;Marta Castrica ,&nbsp;Olimpia Barbato ,&nbsp;Egon Andoni ,&nbsp;Alda Quattrone ,&nbsp;Albana Munga ,&nbsp;Maria Laura Marongiu ,&nbsp;Giulio Curone ,&nbsp;Gabriele Brecchia","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rabbit breeding has many critical aspects related to reproduction, production, and animal welfare, which reduce its profitability as well as consumer attractiveness. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) seems to be a good nutritional strategy to improve several aspects of rabbit breeding, enhance animal welfare and produce a new functional food considered healthy for human consumption. For this reason, the main available scientific research regarding the physiological effects of n-3 PUFA rich products supplemented to the rabbit diet will be reviewed. In particular, consequences on the reproductive performances of both doe and buck, the productive parameters, and the meat quality will be analysed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62604,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 70-78"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fd/74/main.PMC10220468.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9548041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 protect chicks from damage caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization 益生菌大肠杆菌Nissle 1917保护雏鸡免受肠炎沙门氏菌定殖引起的损害
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.001
Shu Wu , Qianyun Zhang , Guanglei Cong, Yunqi Xiao, Yiru Shen, Shan Zhang, Wenchang Zhao, Shourong Shi

As a foodborne pathogen of global importance, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a threat to public health that is mainly spread by poultry products. Intestinal Enterobacteriaceae can inhibit the colonization of S. Enteritidis and are regarded as a potential antibiotic substitute. We investigated, in chicks, the anti-S. Enteritidis effects of Escherichia coli (E. coli) Nissle 1917, the most well-known probiotic member of Enterobacteriaceae. Eighty 1-d-old healthy female AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 20 in each group, namely the negative control (group P), the E. coli Nissle 1917-treated group (group N), the S. Enteritidis-infected group (group S) and the E. coli Nissle 1917-treated and S. Enteritidis-infected group (group NS). From d 5 to 7, chicks in groups N and NS were orally gavaged once a day with E. coli Nissle 1917 and in groups P and S were administered the same volume of sterile PBS. At d 8, the chicks in groups S and NS were orally gavaged with S. Enteritidis and in groups P and N were administered the same volume of sterile PBS. Sampling was conducted 24 h after challenge. Results showed that gavage of E. coli Nissle 1917 reduced the spleen index, Salmonella loads, and inflammation (P < 0.05). It improved intestinal morphology and intestinal barrier function (P < 0.05). S. Enteritidis infection significantly reduced mRNA expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and solute carrier family 6-member 19 (SLC6A19) in the cecum and the content of Gly, Ser, Gln, and Trp in the serum (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with E. coli Nissle 1917 yielded mRNA expression of ACE2 and SLC6A19 in the cecum and levels of Gly, Ser, Gln, and Trp in the serum similar to that of uninfected chicks (P < 0.05). Additionally, E. coli Nissle 1917 altered cecum microbiota composition and enriched the abundance of E. coli, Lactobacillales, and Lachnospiraceae. These findings reveal that the probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 reduced S. Enteritidis infection and shows enormous potential as an alternative to antibiotics.

肠炎沙门氏菌作为一种具有全球重要性的食源性病原体,主要通过家禽产品传播,对公众健康构成威胁。肠杆菌科可以抑制肠炎沙门氏菌的定植,被认为是一种潜在的抗生素替代品。我们在小鸡身上调查了抗S。大肠杆菌Nissle 1917的肠炎效应,它是肠杆菌科最著名的益生菌成员。将80只1日龄健康雌性AA肉鸡随机分为4组,每组20只,即阴性对照组(P组)、大肠杆菌Nissle 1917处理组(N组)、肠炎沙门氏菌感染组(S组)和大肠杆菌Nisle 1917处理组以及肠炎沙门氏杆菌感染组(NS组)。从第5天到第7天,N组和NS组的雏鸡每天用大肠杆菌Nissle 1917灌胃一次,P组和S组给予相同体积的无菌PBS。在第8天,S组和NS组的雏鸡口服肠炎沙门氏菌,P组和N组给予相同体积的无菌PBS。激发后24小时取样。结果表明,灌胃大肠杆菌Nissle 1917可降低脾脏指数、沙门氏菌负荷和炎症反应(P<0.05),改善肠道形态和肠道屏障功能(P<0.01)。肠炎感染显著降低了盲肠中血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)和溶质载体家族6成员19(SLC6A19)的mRNA表达以及血清中Gly、Ser、Gln和Trp的含量(P<;0.05),血清中的Trp与未感染的雏鸡相似(P<;0.05)。此外,大肠杆菌Nissle 1917改变了盲肠微生物群的组成,并富集了大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌和钩虫科的丰度。这些发现表明,益生菌大肠杆菌Nissle 1917减少了肠炎沙门氏菌的感染,并显示出作为抗生素替代品的巨大潜力。
{"title":"Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 protect chicks from damage caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization","authors":"Shu Wu ,&nbsp;Qianyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Guanglei Cong,&nbsp;Yunqi Xiao,&nbsp;Yiru Shen,&nbsp;Shan Zhang,&nbsp;Wenchang Zhao,&nbsp;Shourong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a foodborne pathogen of global importance, <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Enteritidis (<em>S.</em> Enteritidis) is a threat to public health that is mainly spread by poultry products. Intestinal Enterobacteriaceae can inhibit the colonization of <em>S.</em> Enteritidis and are regarded as a potential antibiotic substitute. We investigated, in chicks, the anti-<em>S.</em> Enteritidis effects of <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) Nissle 1917, the most well-known probiotic member of Enterobacteriaceae. Eighty 1-d-old healthy female AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 20 in each group, namely the negative control (group P), the <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917-treated group (group N), the <em>S</em>. Enteritidis-infected group (group S) and the <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917-treated and <em>S</em>. Enteritidis-infected group (group NS). From d 5 to 7, chicks in groups N and NS were orally gavaged once a day with <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917 and in groups P and S were administered the same volume of sterile PBS. At d 8, the chicks in groups S and NS were orally gavaged with <em>S</em>. Enteritidis and in groups P and N were administered the same volume of sterile PBS. Sampling was conducted 24 h after challenge. Results showed that gavage of <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917 reduced the spleen index, <em>Salmonella</em> loads, and inflammation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). It improved intestinal morphology and intestinal barrier function (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>S.</em> Enteritidis infection significantly reduced mRNA expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (<em>ACE2</em>) and solute carrier family 6-member 19 (<em>SLC6A19</em>) in the cecum and the content of Gly, Ser, Gln, and Trp in the serum (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Pretreatment with <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917 yielded mRNA expression of <em>ACE2</em> and <em>SLC6A19</em> in the cecum and levels of Gly, Ser, Gln, and Trp in the serum similar to that of uninfected chicks (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917 altered cecum microbiota composition and enriched the abundance of <em>E. coli</em>, Lactobacillales, and Lachnospiraceae. These findings reveal that the probiotic <em>E. coli</em> Nissle 1917 reduced <em>S.</em> Enteritidis infection and shows enormous potential as an alternative to antibiotics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":62604,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages 450-460"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50194537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Acid tolerance of lactate-utilizing bacteria of the order Bacteroidales contributes to prevention of ruminal acidosis in goats adapted to a high-concentrate diet 拟杆菌目乳酸利用菌的耐酸性有助于预防适应高浓度饮食的山羊瘤胃酸中毒
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.006
Zhongyan Lu , Lingmeng Kong , Shenhao Ren , Jörg R. Aschenbach , Hong Shen

The rapid accumulation of organic acids, particularly lactate, has been suggested as the main cause of ruminal acidosis (RA) for ruminants fed high-concentrate diets. Previous research has shown that a gradual shift from low-to high-concentrate diets within 4 to 5 weeks effectively reduces the risk for RA. However, the mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, 20 goats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 5) and fed with a diet containing a weekly increasing concentrate portion of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% over 28 d. At d 7, 14, 21, and 28, one group (named C20, C40, C60, and C80 according to the last concentrate level that they received) was killed and the ruminal microbiome was collected. Ruminal acidosis was not detected in any of the goats during the experiment. Nonetheless, ruminal pH dropped sharply from 6.2 to 5.7 (P < 0.05) when dietary concentrate increased from 40% to 60%. A combined metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing approach identified that this was linked to a sharp decrease in the abundance and expression of genes encoding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (nLDH), catalyzing the enzymatic conversion of pyruvate to lactate (P < 0.01), whereas the expression of two genes encoding NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenase (iLDH), catalyzing lactate oxidation to pyruvate, showed no significant concomitant change. Abundance and expression alterations for nLDH- and iLDH-encoding genes were attributable to bacteria from Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, respectively. By analyzing the gene profiles of 9 metagenome bins (MAG) with nLDH-encoding genes and 5 MAG with iLDH-encoding genes, we identified primary and secondary active transporters as being the major types of sugar transporter for lactate-producing bacteria (LPB) and lactate-utilizing bacteria (LUB), respectively. Furthermore, more adenosine triphosphate was required for the phosphorylation of sugars to initiate their catabolic pathways in LPB compared to LUB. Thus, the low dependence of sugar transport systems and catabolic pathways on primary energy sources supports the acid tolerance of LUB from Bacteroidales. It favors ruminal lactate utilization during the adaptation of goats to a high-concentrate diet. This finding has valuable implications for the development of measures to prevent RA.

有机酸,特别是乳酸的快速积累已被认为是饲喂高浓度日粮的反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒(RA)的主要原因。先前的研究表明,在4到5周内从低浓度饮食逐渐转变为高浓度饮食可以有效降低患RA的风险。然而,其机制仍然未知。在这项研究中,20只山羊被随机分为四组(n=5),并在28天内用每周增加20%、40%、60%和80%的浓缩物喂养。在第7、14、21和28天,杀死一组(根据它们接受的最后一次浓缩物水平命名为C20、C40、C60和C80),并收集瘤胃微生物组。在实验过程中,没有在任何一只山羊身上检测到瘤胃酸中毒。尽管如此,当日粮浓缩物从40%增加到60%时,瘤胃pH从6.2急剧下降到5.7(P<;0.05)。宏基因组和宏转录组联合测序方法确定,这与编码烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)依赖性乳酸脱氢酶(nLDH)的基因的丰度和表达急剧下降有关,催化丙酮酸酶转化为乳酸(P<;0.01),而编码NAD非依赖性乳酸脱氢酶(iLDH)的两个基因的表达,催化乳酸氧化为丙酮酸盐,没有显示出显著的伴随变化。nLDH-和iLDH编码基因的丰度和表达变化分别可归因于梭菌门和拟杆菌门的细菌。通过分析9个含有nLDH编码基因的宏基因组箱(MAG)和5个含有iLDH编码基因的MAG的基因图谱,我们确定初级和次级活性转运蛋白分别是乳酸产生菌(LPB)和乳酸利用菌(LUB)的主要糖转运蛋白类型。此外,与LUB相比,LPB中糖的磷酸化需要更多的三磷酸腺苷来启动其分解代谢途径。因此,糖转运系统和分解代谢途径对主要能源的低依赖性支持了拟杆菌目LUB的耐酸性。在山羊适应高浓度饮食的过程中,它有利于瘤胃乳酸的利用。这一发现对制定预防RA的措施具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 1
Carotenoid enrichment in eggs: From biochemistry perspective 鸡蛋中类胡萝卜素富集的生物化学研究
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.012
Dieudonné M. Dansou, Huiyan Zhang, Yanan Yu, Hao Wang, Chaohua Tang, Qingyu Zhao, Yuchang Qin, Junmin Zhang

The emergence of safe and functional eggs for consumer acceptance has gained focus. The production of carotenoid-enriched eggs has received attention due to its multifunctional biological properties. Nutritional modification of laying hens’ diet can be a strategy to produce such eggs. This review presents the chemistry of carotenoids in nature and eggs, the accumulation process of carotenoids into eggs, and the functions of carotenoids in eggs. Our findings showed that carotenoids can be deposited into the egg and contribute to improving its nutritive value. The biosynthesis, chemical structure, and metabolism pathways of carotenoids lead to the deposition of carotenoids into eggs in their original or metabolized forms. Also, some factors modulate the efficiency of carotenoids in fowls before accumulation into eggs. Carotenoid-enriched eggs may be promising, ensuring the availability of highly nutritive eggs. However, further studies are still needed to comprehend the full metabolism process and the extensive functions of carotenoids in eggs.

消费者接受的安全和功能性鸡蛋的出现引起了人们的关注。富含类胡萝卜素的鸡蛋由于其多功能的生物学特性而受到关注。对蛋鸡日粮进行营养改良可以成为生产此类鸡蛋的一种策略。本文综述了类胡萝卜素在自然界和鸡蛋中的化学性质,类胡萝卜素向鸡蛋中的积累过程,以及类胡萝卜素对鸡蛋的作用。我们的研究结果表明,类胡萝卜素可以沉积在鸡蛋中,有助于提高鸡蛋的营养价值。类胡萝卜素的生物合成、化学结构和代谢途径导致类胡萝卜素以其原始或代谢形式沉积到鸡蛋中。此外,在类胡萝卜素积累到鸡蛋中之前,一些因素会调节家禽中类胡萝卜素的效率。富含类胡萝卜素的鸡蛋可能很有前景,可以确保高营养鸡蛋的供应。然而,还需要进一步的研究来理解鸡蛋中类胡萝卜素的完整代谢过程和广泛的功能。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of dietary crude protein concentrations, grain types and arginine:lysine ratios on the performance of broiler chickens 日粮粗蛋白浓度、粮型及精氨酸与赖氨酸比例对肉鸡生产性能的影响
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.007
Shemil P. Macelline , Peter V. Chrystal , Chanon Inanan , Mehdi Toghyani , Peter H. Selle , Sonia Yun Liu

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) concentrations, grain types and arginine:lysine ratios on performance parameters of broiler chickens. The 2 × 2 × 2 factorial array of dietary treatments harnessed two CP concentrations (210 and 170 g/kg), two feed grains (wheat and sorghum), and two arginine:lysine ratios (104 and 110). Each dietary treatment was offered to 7 replicates of 14 birds per floor pen, a total of 784 off-sex male, Ross 308 broilers, from 14 to 35 d post-hatch. The dietary CP reduction compromised weight gain by 10.0% (2078 versus 2310 g/bird) as a main effect and FCR by 7.51% (1.474 versus 1.371), subject to an interaction. In a three-way interaction (P = 0.008), expanded arginine:lysine ratios improved FCR by 2.30% in 170 g/kg CP, sorghum-based diets but compromised FCR by 2.12% in corresponding wheat-based diets. Sorghum was the more suitable feed grain in reduced-CP diets as sorghum generated significant advantages in weight gain of 7.59% (2154 versus 2002 g/kg) and FCR of 6.94% (1.421 versus 1.527) in birds offered 170 g/kg CP diets. Both dietary CP and feed grain generated significant and divergent impacts in apparent ileal digestibility coefficients for the majority of 16 assessed amino acids. Dietary CP reductions increased non-bound amino acid inclusions (NBAA) in wheat-based diets (48.96 versus 9.80 g/kg) to a greater extent than sorghum-based diets (35.3 versus 9.50 g/kg) and increasing dietary NBAA inclusions were linearly associated with compromised weight gain (r = −0.834; P < 0.001) and FCR (r = 0.862; P < 0.001). Increasing ratios of free arginine to lysine plasma concentrations were linearly (r = −0.466; P = 0.004) related to improvements in FCR. The implications of the observed outcomes are discussed and possible explanations are advanced.

本研究旨在探讨日粮粗蛋白(CP)浓度、谷物类型和精氨酸与赖氨酸的比例对肉鸡生产性能参数的影响。膳食处理的2×2×2因子阵列利用了两种CP浓度(210和170 g/kg)、两种饲料谷物(小麦和高粱)和两种精氨酸:赖氨酸比率(104和110)。从孵化后14至35天,每种日粮处理对每只地栏14只鸡的7个重复,总共784只非性别雄性罗斯308肉鸡。在相互作用的影响下,膳食CP的减少使体重增加10.0%(2078克对2310克/只),FCR减少7.51%(1.474克对1.371克)。在三元相互作用中(P=0.008),在170 g/kg CP的高粱日粮中,精氨酸与赖氨酸的比例增加使FCR提高了2.30%,但在相应的小麦日粮中降低了2.12%。高粱是减少CP日粮中更合适的饲料谷物,因为高粱在提供170 g/kg CP日粮的鸟类中产生了7.59%(2154对2002 g/kg)的显著增重优势和6.94%(1.421对1.527)的FCR优势。日粮CP和饲料谷物对16种评估氨基酸中的大多数的回肠表观消化率系数产生了显著和不同的影响。日粮CP的减少使小麦日粮中的非结合氨基酸内含物(NBAA)增加(48.96对9.80 g/kg),其程度高于高粱日粮(35.3对9.50 g/kg)。日粮NBAA内含物的增加与体重增加(r=−0.834;P<0.001)和FCR(r=0.862;P<001)呈线性相关血浆浓度与FCR的改善呈线性关系(r=−0.466;P=0.004)。讨论了观测结果的含义,并提出了可能的解释。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary emodin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by regulating gut microbiota in piglets 日粮大黄素通过调节仔猪肠道微生物群减轻脂多糖诱导的肠黏膜屏障损伤
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.004
Wenjuan Xun , Mengyao Ji , Zhonghua Ma , Tanjie Deng , Wen Yang , Guanyu Hou , Liguang Shi , Ting Cao

This study was to determine the effects of dietary emodin (ED) on the intestinal mucosal barrier, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways, and gut microbial flora in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced piglets. Twenty-four weaned piglets were chosen and 4 treatments were created by randomly distributing piglets into CON, ED, LPS, and ED_LPS groups. Experiments were done in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and maintained for 21 d. Dietary treatment (a basal diet or 300 mg/kg ED) and immunological challenge (LPS or sterile saline) were 2 major factors. Intraperitoneal injections of LPS or sterilized saline were given to piglets on d 21. Six hours after the LPS challenge, all piglets were euthanized for sample collection and analysis. The results showed that piglets of the ED_LPS group had higher (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio (VCR), and lower (P < 0.05) plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) than the LPS group. Furthermore, ED inhibited (P < 0.05) the decrease of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities and increase of malonaldehyde level (P < 0.05) in jejunal mucosa induced by LPS. The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX-1, SOD2 and CAT), as well as protein and mRNA levels of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1), were also significantly increased (P < 0.05) by ED addition in LPS-induced piglets. Meanwhile, ED supplementation significantly decreased the LPS-induced protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκBα in jejunal mucosa. Emodin had a significant effect on the composition of gut microbial flora at various taxonomic positions as indicated by 16S RNA sequencing. The acetic acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid concentrations in the cecum were also increased by ED addition in pigs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed that some intestinal microbiota had a potential relationship with jejunal VCR, plasma D-lactate and DAO, jejunal mucosa GSH-Px and CAT activity, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentration. These data suggest that ED is effective in alleviating LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by modulating gut microbiota in piglets.

本研究旨在确定膳食大黄素(ED)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的仔猪肠粘膜屏障、核因子κB(NF-κB)途径和肠道微生物群的影响。选择24头断奶仔猪,通过将仔猪随机分为CON、ED、LPS和ED_LPS组,创建4个处理。实验以2×2因子安排进行,并维持21d。饮食治疗(基础饮食或300mg/kg ED)和免疫攻击(LPS或无菌盐水)是两个主要因素。仔猪于第21天腹腔注射LPS或生理盐水。LPS激发6小时后,对所有仔猪实施安乐死,以进行样本采集和分析。结果表明,ED_LPS组仔猪绒毛高度与隐窝深度比(VCR)高于LPS组(P<0.05),血浆D-乳酸和二胺氧化酶(DAO)低于LPS组(P<0.05)。此外,ED抑制(P<;0.05)LPS诱导的空肠黏膜谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的降低和丙二醛水平的升高(P<)。在LPS诱导的仔猪中,通过添加ED,促炎细胞因子基因(IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α)的mRNA水平显著降低(P<;0.05),抗氧化酶基因(GPX-1、SOD2和CAT)的mRNA含量以及紧密连接蛋白(occludin、claudin-1和ZO-1)的蛋白和mRNA水平也显著增加(P>;0.05)。同时,补充ED显著降低了LPS诱导的空肠黏膜中环氧合酶-2的蛋白水平以及NF-κB p65和IκBα的磷酸化水平。如16S RNA测序所示,大黄素在不同分类位置对肠道微生物菌群的组成有显著影响。猪盲肠中乙酸、异丁酸、戊酸和异戊酸的浓度也因ED的添加而增加(P<;0.05)。此外,相关性分析显示,一些肠道微生物群与空肠VCR、血浆D-乳酸和DAO、空肠粘膜GSH-Px和CAT活性以及盲肠短链脂肪酸浓度存在潜在关系。这些数据表明,ED通过调节仔猪肠道微生物群,有效减轻LPS诱导的肠粘膜屏障损伤。
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引用次数: 1
Dietary n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio modulates growth performance in spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus) through regulating lipid metabolism, hepatic antioxidant capacity and intestinal health 日粮中n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸比例通过调节脂质代谢、肝脏抗氧化能力和肠道健康来调节斑鲈鱼的生长性能
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.04.005
Yanzou Dong , Yu Wei , Ling Wang , Kai Song , Chunxiao Zhang , Kangle Lu , Samad Rahimnejad

An 8-week feeding experiment was carried out to explore the effects of dietary n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio on growth performance, lipid metabolism, hepatic antioxidant status, and gut flora of spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus). Six experimental diets were formulated to contain different levels of two purified oil sources including docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids enriched oil (n-3) and linoleic acid-enriched oil (n-6) leading to n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios of 0.04, 0.35, 0.66, 1.35, 2.45 and 16.17. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of juvenile L. maculatus (11.06 ± 0.20 g, 30 fish/tank). Final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rates (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed utilization efficiency increased as n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio increased up to a certain level, and then decreased thereafter. Fish fed the diet with n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio of 0.66 exhibited the highest FBW, WG, SGR and PER and the lowest feed conversion ratio. Lower n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios induced up-regulated expression of lipid synthesis-related genes (fas, acc2 and srebp-1c) and down-regulated expression of lipolysis related genes (atgl, pparα, cpt-1 and aox). Higher expression of lipolysis-related genes (atgl, pparα and cpt-1) was recorded at moderate n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios (0.66 to 1.35). Moreover, inappropriate n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios triggered up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes (il-6 and tnf-α) and down-regulation of anti-inflammatory genes (il-4 and il-10) in the intestine. The diet with n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio of 0.66 inhibited intestine inflammation, improved intestinal flora richness, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella and Ruminococcus, and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria including Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus. In summary, it could be suggested that a dietary n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio of 0.66 can improve growth performance and feed utilization in L. maculatus, as is deemed to be mediated through regulation of lipid metabolism and intestinal flora.

通过为期8周的饲养试验,探讨了日粮n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比例对斑点鲈鱼(Lateolabrax maculatus)生长性能、脂质代谢、肝脏抗氧化状态和肠道菌群的影响。六种实验日粮被配制成含有不同水平的两种纯化油源,包括富含二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的油(n-3)和富含亚油酸的油(n-6),导致n-3/n-6 PUFA比率为0.04、0.35、0.66、1.35、2.45和16.17。每种日粮喂给三组幼年黄斑乳杆菌(11.06±0.20克,30条鱼/箱)。最终体重(FBW)、增重(WG)、比生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)和饲料利用效率随着n-3/n-6 PUFA比例的增加而增加,达到一定水平后逐渐降低。n-3/n-6 PUFA比例为0.66的日粮中,鱼类的FBW、WG、SGR和PER最高,饲料转化率最低。较低的n-3/n-6 PUFA比率诱导脂质合成相关基因(fas、acc2和srebp-1c)的表达上调,脂解相关基因(atgl、pparα、cpt-1和aox)的表达下调。脂肪分解相关基因(atgl、pparα和cpt-1)在n-3/n-6 PUFA比例适中(0.66-1.35)时表达较高。此外,n-3/n-6-PUFA比例不当会引发肠内促炎基因(il-6和tnf-α)的上调和抗炎基因(il-4和il-10)的下调。n-3/n-6 PUFA比例为0.66的饮食抑制了肠道炎症,改善了肠道菌群的丰富度,增加了乳酸杆菌、异普雷沃菌和瘤胃球菌等有益细菌的丰度,降低了志贺氏杆菌和肠球菌等有害细菌的丰度。总之,可以认为,日粮n-3/n-6 PUFA比例为0.66可以提高斑曲霉的生长性能和饲料利用率,这被认为是通过调节脂质代谢和肠道菌群介导的。
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引用次数: 2
Uridine alleviates high-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic syndromes by activating sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and promoting glycogen synthesis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 尿苷通过激活sirt1/AMPK信号通路和促进尼罗罗非鱼糖原合成来缓解高碳水化合物饮食诱导的代谢综合征
IF 6.3 Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.010
Nan-Nan Zhou, Tong Wang, Yu-Xin Lin, Rong Xu, Hong-Xia Wu, Fei-Fei Ding, Fang Qiao, Zhen-Yu Du, Mei-Ling Zhang

Carbohydrates have a protein sparing effect, but long-term feeding of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) leads to metabolic disorders due to the limited utilization efficiency of carbohydrates in fish. How to mitigate the negative effects induced by HCD is crucial for the rapid development of aquaculture. Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that plays a vital role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, but whether uridine can alleviate metabolic syndromes induced by HCD remains unknown. In this study, a total of 480 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (average initial weight 5.02 ± 0.03 g) were fed with 4 diets, including a control diet (CON), HCD, HCD + 500 mg/kg uridine (HCUL) and HCD + 5,000 mg/kg uridine (HCUH), for 8 weeks. The results showed that addition of uridine decreased hepatic lipid, serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol (P < 0.05). Further analysis indicated that higher concentration of uridine activated the sirtuin1 (sirt1)/adenosine 5-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to increase lipid catabolism and glycolysis while decreasing lipogenesis (P < 0.05). Besides, uridine increased the activity of glycogen synthesis-related enzymes (P < 0.05). This study suggested that uridine could alleviate HCD-induced metabolic syndrome by activating the sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and promoting glycogen synthesis. This finding reveals the function of uridine in fish metabolism and facilitates the development of new additives in aquatic feeds.

碳水化合物具有节约蛋白质的作用,但由于鱼类对碳水化合物的利用效率有限,长期喂食高碳水化合物饮食(HCD)会导致代谢紊乱。如何减轻HCD引起的负面影响对水产养殖的快速发展至关重要。尿苷是一种嘧啶核苷,在调节脂质和葡萄糖代谢中起着至关重要的作用,但尿苷是否能缓解HCD诱导的代谢综合征尚不清楚。在本研究中,共480只尼罗罗非鱼(平均初始体重5.02±0.03g)用4种日粮喂养,包括对照日粮(CON)、HCD、HCD+500mg/kg尿苷(HCUL)和HCD+5000mg/kg尿苷(HCCH),为期8周。结果表明,尿苷的添加降低了肝脏脂质、血糖、甘油三酯和胆固醇(P<;0.05)。进一步的分析表明,较高浓度的尿苷激活了sirtuin1(sirt1)/腺苷5-单磷酸激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)信号通路,增加了脂质分解代谢和糖酵解,同时降低了脂肪生成(P<)。此外,尿苷增加糖原合成相关酶的活性(P<;0.05)。本研究表明,尿苷可以通过激活sirt1/AMPK信号通路和促进糖原合成来缓解HCD诱导的代谢综合征。这一发现揭示了尿苷在鱼类代谢中的作用,并促进了水产饲料中新添加剂的开发。
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引用次数: 1
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Animal Nutrition
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