Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.25082/MER.2021.01.001
Parastoo Khalili, M. Farahmandjou
In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were first synthesized using co-precipitation method in the presence of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O precursor and calcined at different temperature of 450 oC and 1000 oC. Samples were then characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD study revealed the hexagonal wurtzite structure for annealed samples. SEM images showed tthat he morphology of the ZnO NPs changed from sphere-like shape to polygon shape by increasing temperature. The exact size of NPs were measured by TEM analysis about 40 nm for as-prepared samples. The EDS analysis demonstrated an increasing level of Zn element from 28.5 wt% to 50.8 wt% for as-synthesized and annealed samples, respectively.
{"title":"Morphology and structure study of polygon ZnO nanorods: Biomedical applications","authors":"Parastoo Khalili, M. Farahmandjou","doi":"10.25082/MER.2021.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/MER.2021.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were first synthesized using co-precipitation method in the presence of Zn(NO3)2.6H2O precursor and calcined at different temperature of 450 oC and 1000 oC. Samples were then characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD study revealed the hexagonal wurtzite structure for annealed samples. SEM images showed tthat he morphology of the ZnO NPs changed from sphere-like shape to polygon shape by increasing temperature. The exact size of NPs were measured by TEM analysis about 40 nm for as-prepared samples. The EDS analysis demonstrated an increasing level of Zn element from 28.5 wt% to 50.8 wt% for as-synthesized and annealed samples, respectively.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69217202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.25082/mer.2021.01.002
G. Mowla, N. Hossain, M. Kabir, M. Haque, M. Ali, M. A. Kaiyum, M. Rahman
In the present work, pure BaTiO3, pure Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 and (1-x)BaTiO3-xNi0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 (where x = 0.15, 0.25 & 0.35) multiferroic composites were synthesized through solid-state sintering scheme. Structural, microstructural, ferroelectric, and ferromagnetic analysis was performed. Both tetragonal perovskite phase (for BaTiO3 ferroelectric phase) and cubic spinel ferrite phase (for Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferromagnetic phase) were simultaneously presented within each composite. The ferrite phase exhibited a smaller crystallite size compared to the ferroelectric phase. All of the composites demonstrated homogenous irregular-shaped grains. The measured average grain size for 0.85BaTiO3-0.15Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4, 0.75BaTiO3-0.25Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4, 0.65BaTiO3-0.35Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 were 364.14 nm, 378.46 nm and 351.62nm, whereas the density values were 3.04g/cm3, 3.20g/cm3 and 3.13 g/cm3 for x = 0.35, 0.25, 0.15 respectively. However, the heterogenous microstructure was observed for all of the compositions. The composites exhibited an oval-shaped lossy capacitor hysteresis loop. However, 0.75BaTiO3-0.25Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 composite showed the highest remnant polarization (11.613 μC/cm2) and coercive field value (1.526 kV/cm), ensuring its usability for switching applications. In addition, 0.75BaTiO3-0.25Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 also exhibited the maximum saturation (Ms= 1.732 emu/g) and remnant magnetization (Mr= 0.025 emu/g) among the composites. Nevertheless, all of the composites derived 'wasp-waisted' hysteresis loops due to the presence of either superparamagnetic (SPM) particles or a mixer of a single domain (SD) and superparamagnetic particles.
{"title":"Structural, electrical, and magnetic characterization of (1-x) BaTiO3-x Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 multiferroic ceramic composites","authors":"G. Mowla, N. Hossain, M. Kabir, M. Haque, M. Ali, M. A. Kaiyum, M. Rahman","doi":"10.25082/mer.2021.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/mer.2021.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, pure BaTiO3, pure Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 and (1-x)BaTiO3-xNi0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 (where x = 0.15, 0.25 & 0.35) multiferroic composites were synthesized through solid-state sintering scheme. Structural, microstructural, ferroelectric, and ferromagnetic analysis was performed. Both tetragonal perovskite phase (for BaTiO3 ferroelectric phase) and cubic spinel ferrite phase (for Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferromagnetic phase) were simultaneously presented within each composite. The ferrite phase exhibited a smaller crystallite size compared to the ferroelectric phase. All of the composites demonstrated homogenous irregular-shaped grains. The measured average grain size for 0.85BaTiO3-0.15Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4, 0.75BaTiO3-0.25Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4, 0.65BaTiO3-0.35Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 were 364.14 nm, 378.46 nm and 351.62nm, whereas the density values were 3.04g/cm3, 3.20g/cm3 and 3.13 g/cm3 for x = 0.35, 0.25, 0.15 respectively. However, the heterogenous microstructure was observed for all of the compositions. The composites exhibited an oval-shaped lossy capacitor hysteresis loop. However, 0.75BaTiO3-0.25Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 composite showed the highest remnant polarization (11.613 μC/cm2) and coercive field value (1.526 kV/cm), ensuring its usability for switching applications. In addition, 0.75BaTiO3-0.25Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 also exhibited the maximum saturation (Ms= 1.732 emu/g) and remnant magnetization (Mr= 0.025 emu/g) among the composites. Nevertheless, all of the composites derived 'wasp-waisted' hysteresis loops due to the presence of either superparamagnetic (SPM) particles or a mixer of a single domain (SD) and superparamagnetic particles.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69217218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.25082/mer.2021.01.004
K. Maraz
Tanning is the process of converting the raw skin and hides from different animals into a sustainable and manageable material called leather. Leather making is a very long process and consists of many different chemical and mechanical process steps. The most important step of the whole leather making process is the tanning step, which is performed commonly either by vegetable or mineral tanning. More than 85-90% of the leather making is performed by chrome tanning, which is the most common type of mineral tanning currently applied.
{"title":"Benefits and problems of chrome tanning in leather processing: Approach a greener technology in leather industry","authors":"K. Maraz","doi":"10.25082/mer.2021.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/mer.2021.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Tanning is the process of converting the raw skin and hides from different animals into a sustainable and manageable material called leather. Leather making is a very long process and consists of many different chemical and mechanical process steps. The most important step of the whole leather making process is the tanning step, which is performed commonly either by vegetable or mineral tanning. More than 85-90% of the leather making is performed by chrome tanning, which is the most common type of mineral tanning currently applied.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69217381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.25082/mer.2021.01.003
M. Razzaq, Sababa Erfan Moma, S. Rabbi
Hybrid composites utilize more than one kind of strands within the same matrix to urge the synergistic impact of both fibers' properties on composites' general properties. Hybridization can be performed from artificial, natural, and a combination of both fibers. The constituent filaments can be altered in numerous ways, driving to the variety in composite properties. Partial substitution of glass fiber with natural ones offers an advantage compared with glass fiber composites while permitting to obtain a mechanical performance higher than using pure natural fiber composites. Recently, researchers are tending towards the development of hybrid composites which will provide good static properties. In this context, a concise review has been done on the recent developments of natural/glass fiber-reinforced composites made by hand lay-up method. It includes a survey of the past research already available involving the hybrid composites and the effect of various parameters on composites' performance studied by various researchers.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of biofiber/glass reinforced hybrid composites produced by hand lay-up method: A review","authors":"M. Razzaq, Sababa Erfan Moma, S. Rabbi","doi":"10.25082/mer.2021.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/mer.2021.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid composites utilize more than one kind of strands within the same matrix to urge the synergistic impact of both fibers' properties on composites' general properties. Hybridization can be performed from artificial, natural, and a combination of both fibers. The constituent filaments can be altered in numerous ways, driving to the variety in composite properties. Partial substitution of glass fiber with natural ones offers an advantage compared with glass fiber composites while permitting to obtain a mechanical performance higher than using pure natural fiber composites. Recently, researchers are tending towards the development of hybrid composites which will provide good static properties. In this context, a concise review has been done on the recent developments of natural/glass fiber-reinforced composites made by hand lay-up method. It includes a survey of the past research already available involving the hybrid composites and the effect of various parameters on composites' performance studied by various researchers.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69217364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-17DOI: 10.25082/mer.2020.01.003
Jie Tian, Shenzhen City China Shenzhen Power Supply Co. Ltd., Yuming Zhao, Qing Ding, J. Ai, Li Shouding, Qi Cheng
In this paper, the effects of heat treatment temperature on the degree of exfoliation of organic clay under different compatibilizers were tested by using organic clay 93A, high density polyethylene (HDPE) and compatibilizer (PE-g-MA), polyethylene maleic anhydride copolymer (PEMA), maleic anhydride and polyethylene blend (MA/PE). The proportion of organic clay is 5 wt%, HDPE is 90 wt% and compatibilizer is 5 wt%. Temperature ranged from 210oC to 250oC, the position of [001] peak in the sample was determined, FESEM, TGA, FTIR and XRD was used to analyze the influence of temperature on the distribution behavior of clay in polymer system. The results are very significant for the industrial production of clay composite materials.
{"title":"Heat treatment effect on the distribution of organic clay in polymer nanocomposites","authors":"Jie Tian, Shenzhen City China Shenzhen Power Supply Co. Ltd., Yuming Zhao, Qing Ding, J. Ai, Li Shouding, Qi Cheng","doi":"10.25082/mer.2020.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/mer.2020.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the effects of heat treatment temperature on the degree of exfoliation of organic clay under different compatibilizers were tested by using organic clay 93A, high density polyethylene (HDPE) and compatibilizer (PE-g-MA), polyethylene maleic anhydride copolymer (PEMA), maleic anhydride and polyethylene blend (MA/PE). The proportion of organic clay is 5 wt%, HDPE is 90 wt% and compatibilizer is 5 wt%. Temperature ranged from 210oC to 250oC, the position of [001] peak in the sample was determined, FESEM, TGA, FTIR and XRD was used to analyze the influence of temperature on the distribution behavior of clay in polymer system. The results are very significant for the industrial production of clay composite materials.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48808895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.25082/MER.2020.01.002
F. Barrado, Tihe Zhou, C. Cathcart, P. Badgley, Sarah Zhang, David Overby
By using hydrogen quench continuous annealing technology, Stelco Inc. has developed a suite of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) grades with tensile strength greater than 1000MPa to meet standard automotive specifications and for unique customer requirements. These grades were optimized by correlating chemical composition and processing parameters with microstructures and mechanical properties. Dual-Phase 980 (Stelco trademarked STELMAXTM 980DP), Multi-Phase 1180 (STELMAXTM 1180MP), Martensitic Steel 1300 (STELMAXTM 1300M) and 1500 (STELMAXTM 1500M) products met strength and formability requirements with excellent flatness and surface quality. Hydrogen quench continuous annealing technology not only ensures all developed AHSS grades have consistent mechanical properties across the entire strip length (from strip head to tail) and width (from edge to edge), but also produces high product yield compared with other continuous annealing processes.
{"title":"Development of advanced high strength steels using hydrogen quench continuous annealing technology","authors":"F. Barrado, Tihe Zhou, C. Cathcart, P. Badgley, Sarah Zhang, David Overby","doi":"10.25082/MER.2020.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/MER.2020.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"By using hydrogen quench continuous annealing technology, Stelco Inc. has developed a suite of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) grades with tensile strength greater than 1000MPa to meet standard automotive specifications and for unique customer requirements. These grades were optimized by correlating chemical composition and processing parameters with microstructures and mechanical properties. Dual-Phase 980 (Stelco trademarked STELMAXTM 980DP), Multi-Phase 1180 (STELMAXTM 1180MP), Martensitic Steel 1300 (STELMAXTM 1300M) and 1500 (STELMAXTM 1500M) products met strength and formability requirements with excellent flatness and surface quality. Hydrogen quench continuous annealing technology not only ensures all developed AHSS grades have consistent mechanical properties across the entire strip length (from strip head to tail) and width (from edge to edge), but also produces high product yield compared with other continuous annealing processes.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48823305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-17DOI: 10.25082/MER.2019.02.007
Fatin I. Mahir, Kamrun Keya, Bijoy Sarker, Khandakar M. Nahiun, R. Khan
The use of composites in different sectors has become inevitable due to the enhancement in properties, reduction in the manufacturing cost and suitability to several applications. Among different classifications, polymeric composites are mainly focused on their use as structural components and the selection and composition of reinforcement play a vital role in determining the characteristics of the composite. Although composites are developed with man-made reinforcement in the beginning stage, in the present situation, natural reinforcements have proved excellent results in terms of properties. Hence, nowadays researches are mainly focused on the use of different natural fibers in different forms as reinforcements in a polymeric composite. This work presents a brief overview of the properties of natural fiber and natural fiber reinforced composites which is an emerging area in polymer science. Interests in natural fiber are reasonable due to the advantages of these materials compared to others, such as synthetic fiber composites, including low environmental impact and low cost and support their potential to be used. Moreover, the disadvantage of the synthetic and fiberglass as reinforcement, the use of natural fiber reinforced composite gained the attention of the young scientists, researchers, and engineers and are being exploited as a replacement for the conventional fiber such as glass, aramid, carbon, etc. Natural fibers have been proven alternative to synthetic fiber in transportation such as automobiles, railway coaches and aerospace, military, building, packaging, consumer products, and construction industries for ceiling paneling, partition boards, etc. However, in the development of these composites, some drawbacks have also emerged. In this paper, it has been tried to overview all of this together.
{"title":"A brief review on natural fiber used as a replacement of synthetic fiber in polymer composites","authors":"Fatin I. Mahir, Kamrun Keya, Bijoy Sarker, Khandakar M. Nahiun, R. Khan","doi":"10.25082/MER.2019.02.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/MER.2019.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"The use of composites in different sectors has become inevitable due to the enhancement in properties, reduction in the manufacturing cost and suitability to several applications. Among different classifications, polymeric composites are mainly focused on their use as structural components and the selection and composition of reinforcement play a vital role in determining the characteristics of the composite. Although composites are developed with man-made reinforcement in the beginning stage, in the present situation, natural reinforcements have proved excellent results in terms of properties. Hence, nowadays researches are mainly focused on the use of different natural fibers in different forms as reinforcements in a polymeric composite. This work presents a brief overview of the properties of natural fiber and natural fiber reinforced composites which is an emerging area in polymer science. Interests in natural fiber are reasonable due to the advantages of these materials compared to others, such as synthetic fiber composites, including low environmental impact and low cost and support their potential to be used. Moreover, the disadvantage of the synthetic and fiberglass as reinforcement, the use of natural fiber reinforced composite gained the attention of the young scientists, researchers, and engineers and are being exploited as a replacement for the conventional fiber such as glass, aramid, carbon, etc. Natural fibers have been proven alternative to synthetic fiber in transportation such as automobiles, railway coaches and aerospace, military, building, packaging, consumer products, and construction industries for ceiling paneling, partition boards, etc. However, in the development of these composites, some drawbacks have also emerged. In this paper, it has been tried to overview all of this together.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-12DOI: 10.25082/MER.2019.02.006
Kamrun Keya, Nasrin A. Kona, F. A. Koly, K. Maraz, Md. Naimul Islam, R. Khan
Nowadays, the use of natural fiber reinforced polymer-based composites is gradually increasing day by day for their many advantages for civil engineering construction applications. Due to their many advantages for polymer-based composite materials are widely used in civil construction, automobiles, aerospace, and many others. Natural fibers such as jute, kenaf, pineapple, sugarcane, hemp, oil palm, flax, and leaf, etc. are cheap, environmentally friendly, renewable, completely and partially biodegradable which can be utilized to obtain new high-performance polymer materials. These composites are having satisfactory mechanical properties (i.e. tensile properties, flexural stress-strain behavior, fracture toughness, and fracture strength) which make them more attractive than other composites. Due to easy availability and renewability, natural fibers can be used as an alternative of synthetic fibers as a reinforcing agent. The aim of this paper is to review different natural fibers reinforced based polymer composites with mechanical characterization, applications, also shows the opportunities, challenges and future demand of natural composite material towards civil applications.
{"title":"Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites: history, types, advantages, and applications","authors":"Kamrun Keya, Nasrin A. Kona, F. A. Koly, K. Maraz, Md. Naimul Islam, R. Khan","doi":"10.25082/MER.2019.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/MER.2019.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the use of natural fiber reinforced polymer-based composites is gradually increasing day by day for their many advantages for civil engineering construction applications. Due to their many advantages for polymer-based composite materials are widely used in civil construction, automobiles, aerospace, and many others. Natural fibers such as jute, kenaf, pineapple, sugarcane, hemp, oil palm, flax, and leaf, etc. are cheap, environmentally friendly, renewable, completely and partially biodegradable which can be utilized to obtain new high-performance polymer materials. These composites are having satisfactory mechanical properties (i.e. tensile properties, flexural stress-strain behavior, fracture toughness, and fracture strength) which make them more attractive than other composites. Due to easy availability and renewability, natural fibers can be used as an alternative of synthetic fibers as a reinforcing agent. The aim of this paper is to review different natural fibers reinforced based polymer composites with mechanical characterization, applications, also shows the opportunities, challenges and future demand of natural composite material towards civil applications.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69217116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-03DOI: 10.25082/MER.2019.02.005
D. Rodrigue
To improve on the mechanical properties of polymers in general, the concept of hybrid composites was developed by using two or more different reinforcements in the same matrix, or by using two or more different sizes of the same reinforcement (auto-hybrid composites). In this case, most of the literature results showed that the resulting elastic modulus can be well approximated by the simple rule of mixture (linear additive law) from the tensile modulus of each reinforcement used alone. But is some cases, a positive deviation from this linear approximation was reported up to a point where an optimum composition can give a modulus above the value of both reinforcements used separately. In this work, a simple model is presented to show that positive deviations are possible and the optimum reinforcement ratio is around 25/75 in terms of the lowest/highest reinforcing particle. The model is also compared with literature data where good qualitative agreements are obtained as a first approximation.
{"title":"Elastic modulus prediction for hybrid polymer composites","authors":"D. Rodrigue","doi":"10.25082/MER.2019.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/MER.2019.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"To improve on the mechanical properties of polymers in general, the concept of hybrid composites was developed by using two or more different reinforcements in the same matrix, or by using two or more different sizes of the same reinforcement (auto-hybrid composites). In this case, most of the literature results showed that the resulting elastic modulus can be well approximated by the simple rule of mixture (linear additive law) from the tensile modulus of each reinforcement used alone. But is some cases, a positive deviation from this linear approximation was reported up to a point where an optimum composition can give a modulus above the value of both reinforcements used separately. In this work, a simple model is presented to show that positive deviations are possible and the optimum reinforcement ratio is around 25/75 in terms of the lowest/highest reinforcing particle. The model is also compared with literature data where good qualitative agreements are obtained as a first approximation.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46548254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-31DOI: 10.25082/MER.2019.02.004
Milon Hossain, Kamrun Keya, Nasrin A. Kona, N. Islam, F. A. Koly, M. A. Khan, Abu Bakar Siddiquee, J. Mahmud, R. Khan
Twill woven Carbon-Kevlar (CK) fabric was reinforced in epoxy matrix by conventional hand lay-up process. The fabric weight fraction in the composites was kept around 58% and stacking sequence was varied from single to five plies. Tensile test was performed and the fracture surface after tensile test was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The test result revealed that the tensile properties are strongly dependent on the number of plies. Three point flexural test of the composite was also carried and an increasing trend was observed. Maximum impact energy was recorded for CK3 sample by 202.7 KJ/m2. Thermal stability of the composite was studied via the thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) result show interaction between fiber and matrix material. Finally, CK fabric reinforced epoxy-based composites showed balanced and tailor-able mechanical properties by varying the number of plies, suitable for desired applications in many areas including building, construction, marine, automotive, etc.
{"title":"Mechanical, thermal and interfacial properties of Carbon-Kevlar reinforced epoxy composite","authors":"Milon Hossain, Kamrun Keya, Nasrin A. Kona, N. Islam, F. A. Koly, M. A. Khan, Abu Bakar Siddiquee, J. Mahmud, R. Khan","doi":"10.25082/MER.2019.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25082/MER.2019.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"Twill woven Carbon-Kevlar (CK) fabric was reinforced in epoxy matrix by conventional hand lay-up process. The fabric weight fraction in the composites was kept around 58% and stacking sequence was varied from single to five plies. Tensile test was performed and the fracture surface after tensile test was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The test result revealed that the tensile properties are strongly dependent on the number of plies. Three point flexural test of the composite was also carried and an increasing trend was observed. Maximum impact energy was recorded for CK3 sample by 202.7 KJ/m2. Thermal stability of the composite was studied via the thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) result show interaction between fiber and matrix material. Finally, CK fabric reinforced epoxy-based composites showed balanced and tailor-able mechanical properties by varying the number of plies, suitable for desired applications in many areas including building, construction, marine, automotive, etc.","PeriodicalId":63081,"journal":{"name":"材料工程研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43677870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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