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2012 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications最新文献

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EM- and piezo-scavengers: Two useful solutions in highly humanized scenarios toward a "greener world" 电磁和压电拾荒器:在高度人性化的情况下实现“绿色世界”的两种有用解决方案
A. Costanzo, L. Roselli
This contribution discusses different aspects related to EM- and piezo-scavengers from ambient energy that are very promising as power suppliers of the latest evolution of ultra-low power electronic systems. First challenges in designing circuits and systems for microwave ambient energy harvesting are discussed. A design flow, including the RF/Microwave receivers and the base-band conversion blocks is presented. Power densities as low as few μW/cm2 are targeted as realistic sources to be scavenged by a highly efficient multi-band resonant rectenna. Predicted and measured results in stationary regime are presented and the measured converted energy is also assessed. Second, a conventional piezoelectric scavenger is tested as a power source of a nomadic RFID-reader adopted for novel localization system approach. The latter is intended as an example of multidisciplinary (RFID-NFC, ultra-low power systems, short range wireless power transfer, organic technologies and so on), fully autonomous (energy scavenger on board, battery-less), wirelessly empowered (multitude of passive tags is energized by autonomous reader), evolutionary electronic system toward a “greener world”.
这篇文章讨论了与环境能量的电磁和压电拾取器相关的不同方面,这些拾取器作为超低功率电子系统最新发展的电源供应商非常有前途。首先讨论了微波环境能量收集电路和系统设计的挑战。给出了设计流程,包括射频/微波接收机和基带转换模块。功率密度低至几μW/cm2的目标作为现实源,被高效的多波段谐振整流天线清除。给出了静止状态下的预测和测量结果,并对测量的转换能量进行了评估。其次,测试了一种传统的压电拾取器作为一种用于新型定位系统的游牧式rfid读写器的电源。后者旨在成为多学科(RFID-NFC,超低功耗系统,短距离无线传输,有机技术等),完全自主(机载能量清除器,无电池),无线授权(大量无源标签由自主读取器供电),朝着“绿色世界”发展的电子系统的一个例子。
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引用次数: 6
Novel measurement technique of WPT circuits using VNA and its data transformation into 0-ohm system 基于VNA的WPT电路测量新技术及其数据转换成0欧姆系统
T. Ishida, K. Yamaguchi, T. Ishizaki, I. Awai
A measurement method for wireless power transfer (WPT) system with 0-ohm source impedance is shown. WPT systems are often designed by the BPF design theory and a vector network analyzer (VNA) is normally used for measurement. Here, some difficulty comes up for 0-ohm system that is common for high-efficient switching power sources. This paper describes the transmitted power and the transmission efficiency of 0-ohm system which are calculated by S parameters measured by VNA. The method is very simple and is applicable not only for 0-ohm system, but also for other impedance systems.
给出了一种源阻抗为0欧姆的无线电力传输系统的测量方法。WPT系统通常采用BPF设计理论设计,通常使用矢量网络分析仪(VNA)进行测量。在这里,0欧姆系统出现了一些困难,这是常见的高效开关电源。本文介绍了用VNA测量的S参数计算0欧姆系统的传输功率和传输效率。该方法非常简单,不仅适用于0欧姆系统,也适用于其他阻抗系统。
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引用次数: 5
Microwave characteristics of a wireless power transmission panel toward the orbital experiment of a solar power satellite 面向太阳能卫星轨道实验的无线输电板的微波特性
K. Maki, M. Takahashi, K. Miyashiro, K. Tanaka, S. Sasaki, K. Kawahara, Y. Kamata, K. Komurasaki
Toward the orbital demonstration of a solar power satellite (SPS), a breadboard model of the SPS has been developed for preliminary experiments including wireless power transmission. The model forms a thin panel structure with a thickness of 6 cm, and the panel consists of three layers being functionally assigned to a transmission antenna, microwave amplification and control, and thermal radiation, respectively. Microwave amplified up to 160 W is emitted from a large-scale phased array antenna with 256 microstrip elements. In order to evaluate the effect of multiply arranged antennas to the emission, the measurement of the radiation pattern is conducted for different relative positions of the antenna panels. Additionally, the steering of the transmission beam is achieved as an initial demonstration for retrodirective control.
为实现太阳能卫星的在轨演示,建立了太阳能卫星的面包板模型,并进行了包括无线输电在内的初步实验。该模型采用厚度为6 cm的薄板结构,由三层组成,功能分别为传输天线、微波放大与控制、热辐射。由256微带元件组成的大型相控阵天线发射的微波放大功率可达160 W。为了评估多天线布置对发射的影响,对天线面板的不同相对位置进行了辐射方向图测量。此外,传输光束的转向作为逆向控制的初步示范。
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引用次数: 4
Analysis of loss mechanism in rectenna circuit with GaN Schottky barrier diode GaN肖特基势垒二极管整流电路损耗机理分析
K. Hayashino, K. Harauchi, Y. Iwasaki, K. Fukui, J. Ao, Y. Ohno
Comparing circuit simulation results, an analytical model for the efficiency of single shunt rectenna circuits is developed. The model estimates the DC output power and loss power in rectenna circuits and gives good agreements with circuit simulation results. With this model, the effect of signal frequency and the diode capacitance is clarified.
通过对电路仿真结果的比较,建立了单并联整流电路效率的解析模型。该模型对整流电路的直流输出功率和损耗功率进行了估计,与电路仿真结果吻合较好。在此模型下,明确了信号频率和二极管电容的影响。
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引用次数: 9
Development of a kW class microwave wireless power supply system to a vehicle roof 一种kW级汽车车顶微波无线供电系统的研制
Y. Kubo, N. Shinohara, T. Mitani
We first have introduced a microwave wireless power supply system charging electric vehicles and described transmitting antennas suitable for the system. The aim of this paper is partly to find out the performance limit of a single antenna, instead of an array antenna. Five kinds of antennas have been designed and simulated on Ansoft HFSS in order to examine their usefulness as a candidate for transmittion: a rectangular horn, followed by a rectangular horn loading an E plane metal-plate lens, a conical horn loading a dielectric lens, a corrugated horn, and a corrugated horn loading a dielectric lens. We have confirmed that a higher directivity can be achieved when antennas are loading a metal lens or a dielectric lens. In such cases, however, the scattering occurs, even if the reflection coefficient is very low. Further improvement still needs to be done in future.
本文首先介绍了一种为电动汽车充电的微波无线供电系统,并描述了适用于该系统的发射天线。本文的部分目的是找出单个天线的性能极限,而不是阵列天线。在Ansoft HFSS上设计并仿真了五种不同的天线,分别是矩形喇叭、加载E平面金属板透镜的矩形喇叭、加载介电透镜的锥形喇叭、瓦楞喇叭和加载介电透镜的瓦楞喇叭。我们已经证实,当天线加载金属透镜或介质透镜时,可以获得更高的指向性。然而,在这种情况下,即使反射系数很低,也会发生散射。今后还需要进一步改进。
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引用次数: 26
Influence of a high-frequency electromagnetic field at 2.45 GHz on cytokine productions in macrophage-like U937 cells 2.45 GHz高频电磁场对巨噬细胞样U937细胞产生细胞因子的影响
E. Narita, T. Sakurai, Y. Suzuki, M. Taki, J. Miyakoshi
The relationship between exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and health risks is of increasing interest. Although general concern regarding the potential hazards of exposure to an EMF has led to many epidemiological investigations, the effects of EMF exposure on human cells are still controversial. In vitro study, the cellular immune effects of EMF are discussed. We investigated the effects of a high-frequency electromagnetic field (HFEMF) at 2.45 GHz on cytokine (such as, human interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) productions in human monoblastic U937 cells. Our results showed that the exposure to a HFEMF of 2.45 GHz at SAR of 2 and 10 W/kg for 4 and 24 hours has no significant effect on IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α productions in U937 cells.
电磁场暴露与健康风险之间的关系日益引起人们的关注。虽然对接触电磁场的潜在危害的普遍关注导致了许多流行病学调查,但接触电磁场对人体细胞的影响仍然存在争议。在体外研究中,讨论了电磁场的细胞免疫效应。我们研究了2.45 GHz高频电磁场(HFEMF)对人单核细胞U937细胞中细胞因子(如人白细胞介素1β (IL-1β)、白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素8 (IL-8)、白细胞介素10 (IL-10)和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α))产生的影响。结果表明,在2.45 GHz、2和10 W/kg的辐射强度下暴露4和24小时,对U937细胞IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和TNF-α的产生均无显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
Study on intermittent microwave power transmission to a ZigBee device 间歇微波功率传输到ZigBee设备的研究
T. Ichihara, T. Mitani, N. Shinohara
The objective of the present study is to drive or charge a ZigBee device by intermittent microwave power transmission, which is compatible with the wireless sensor network. We found out that intermittent microwave power transmission drove the rectifier circuit with high efficiency at the average consumed power of the ZigBee devices. Also we confirmed that the ZigBee device could communicate correctly in high power density with intermittent microwave irradiation; whereas it could not communicate robustly in slight power density with continuous microwave irradiation. We finally demonstrated that the ZigBee device worked and communicated correctly without a battery by intermittent microwave power transmission.
本研究的目的是通过与无线传感器网络兼容的间歇微波功率传输来驱动或充电ZigBee设备。我们发现,在ZigBee设备的平均消耗功率下,间歇性微波功率传输驱动整流电路的效率很高。我们还证实了ZigBee设备可以在高功率密度下在间歇性微波照射下正确通信;而在微弱的功率密度下,在连续的微波照射下,其通信性能不稳定。我们最终证明了ZigBee设备在没有电池的情况下通过间歇性微波功率传输可以正常工作和通信。
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引用次数: 32
High efficiency small-sized rectenna using a high-Q LC resonator for long distance WPT at 950 MHz 采用高q LC谐振器的高效率小型整流天线,用于950兆赫的远距离WPT
K. Ogawa, K. Ozaki, M. Yamada, K. Honda
This paper presents experimental studies on the improvement of efficiency of the small-sized rectenna using an LC resonator having high-Q characteristics at 950 MHz. The developed rectenna has a feature of its compactness with the dimensions of 20 mm × 13 mm. By choosing an optimum LC combination, the RF-DC conversion efficiency of 85.6 % at a 10-mW input power has been attained. Furthermore, at a low input power of 1 mW and 0.1 mW, the RF-DC conversion efficiency of 73.2% and 40% has been achieved. Using the developed rectenna, experiments on long distance wireless power transmission were performed, and its ability to transmit power to distant wireless devices in an actual radio wave propagation environment was confirmed.
本文介绍了在950 MHz频段使用高q特性的LC谐振器提高小型整流天线效率的实验研究。所研制的整流天线尺寸为20mm × 13mm,具有结构紧凑的特点。通过选择最佳的LC组合,在10mw的输入功率下,RF-DC转换效率达到85.6%。在1 mW和0.1 mW的低输入功率下,RF-DC转换效率分别达到73.2%和40%。利用研制的整流天线进行了远距离无线电力传输实验,验证了其在实际无线电波传播环境中向远距离无线设备传输电力的能力。
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引用次数: 11
Loosely-coupled wireless power transfer: Physics, circuits, standards 松耦合无线电力传输:物理、电路、标准
Kamil A. Grajski, Ryan Tseng, Chuck Wheatley
Loosely-coupled (LC) wireless power transfer (WPT) offers unique, next-generation improvements in user experience, and product design and innovation towards the vision of ubiquitous power, and infinite stand-by time for a wide range of consumer electronic devices. We outline the vision as it relates to today's mobile, battery-powered, hand-held, consumer electronics devices, and consider the unique capabilities of loosely-coupled (LC) WPT. We then describe the physics of the magnetically coupled resonant coil subsystem, which lies at the heart of LC WPT, discuss approaches and challenges in implementing WPT electronic circuits, and review industry progress towards timely, high-quality WPT technical standards.
松耦合(LC)无线电力传输(WPT)为用户体验、产品设计和创新提供了独特的下一代改进,为各种消费电子设备提供了无处不在的电力和无限待机时间的愿景。我们概述了与当今移动、电池供电、手持、消费电子设备相关的愿景,并考虑了松耦合(LC) WPT的独特功能。然后,我们描述了位于LC WPT核心的磁耦合谐振线圈子系统的物理特性,讨论了实现WPT电子电路的方法和挑战,并回顾了行业在及时,高质量的WPT技术标准方面的进展。
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引用次数: 44
Design and implementation of on-chip embedded current probe using magnetic field coupling in chip to chip wireless power transfer system 芯片间无线电力传输系统中基于磁场耦合的片上嵌入式电流探头的设计与实现
Changhyun Cho, Jonghyun Cho, Myunghoi Kim, Joungho Kim, J. Pak
In this paper, we present an on-chip embedded current probe that uses magnetic field coupling to determine the current flowing on a target channel without breaking the circuit. A helically wound 3 dimensional on chip inductor is adopted as a current probe. We first investigate the characteristics of mutual induction for this current probing structure in various geometrical design parameters like coupling distance, area of magnetic flux linkage and ratio of turns. And then we describe how to process the magnetically induced voltage to reconstruct a current waveform. Finally we validate the performance of proposed on-chip current probe by the experimental results of test vehicle fabricated in PCB.
在本文中,我们提出了一种片上嵌入式电流探头,它使用磁场耦合来确定流过目标通道的电流,而不破坏电路。采用螺旋缠绕的三维片上电感作为电流探头。首先研究了该电流探测结构在耦合距离、磁链面积和匝数比等不同几何设计参数下的互感特性。然后,我们描述了如何处理磁感应电压来重建电流波形。最后通过PCB测试车的实验结果验证了所提出的片上电流探头的性能。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2012 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Innovative Wireless Power Transmission: Technologies, Systems, and Applications
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