M. Ebrahimi, M. Daneshtalab, F. Farahnakian, J. Plosila, P. Liljeberg, M. Palesi, H. Tenhunen
The occurrence of congestion in on-chip networks can severely degrade the performance due to increased message latency. In mesh topology, minimal methods can propagate messages over two directions at each switch. When shortest paths are congested, sending more messages through them can deteriorate the congestion condition considerably. In this paper, we present an adaptive routing algorithm for on-chip networks that provide a wide range of alternative paths between each pair of source and destination switches. Initially, the algorithm determines all permitted turns in the network including 180-degree turns on a single channel without creating cycles. The implementation of the algorithm provides the best usage of all allowable turns to route messages more adaptively in the network. On top of that, for selecting a less congested path, an optimized and scalable learning method is utilized. The learning method is based on local and global congestion information and can estimate the latency from each output channel to the destination region.
{"title":"HARAQ: Congestion-Aware Learning Model for Highly Adaptive Routing Algorithm in On-Chip Networks","authors":"M. Ebrahimi, M. Daneshtalab, F. Farahnakian, J. Plosila, P. Liljeberg, M. Palesi, H. Tenhunen","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.10","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of congestion in on-chip networks can severely degrade the performance due to increased message latency. In mesh topology, minimal methods can propagate messages over two directions at each switch. When shortest paths are congested, sending more messages through them can deteriorate the congestion condition considerably. In this paper, we present an adaptive routing algorithm for on-chip networks that provide a wide range of alternative paths between each pair of source and destination switches. Initially, the algorithm determines all permitted turns in the network including 180-degree turns on a single channel without creating cycles. The implementation of the algorithm provides the best usage of all allowable turns to route messages more adaptively in the network. On top of that, for selecting a less congested path, an optimized and scalable learning method is utilized. The learning method is based on local and global congestion information and can estimate the latency from each output channel to the destination region.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"56 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84509338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pierre Schamberger, Zhonghai Lu, Xianyang Jiang, Meikang Qiu
On-chip routers are power hungry components. Besides exploiting current CMOS-based power-saving techniques, it is also desirable to investigate the power saving potential enabled by new technologies and devices. This paper investigates the potential of exploiting the emerging spin-electronics based MTJ (Magnetic Tunnel Junction) devices with application to on-chip router modules, in particular, buffers and crossbars. To this end, we build MTJ models, design circuits based on mixed MTJ-CMOS devices, and evaluate their switching power consumption, using their pure CMOS counterparts as the baseline. Our study shows that the new technology can significantly improve power efficiency for buffers but the gain for crossbars is less clear.
{"title":"Modeling and Power Evaluation of On-Chip Router Components in Spintronics","authors":"Pierre Schamberger, Zhonghai Lu, Xianyang Jiang, Meikang Qiu","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.13","url":null,"abstract":"On-chip routers are power hungry components. Besides exploiting current CMOS-based power-saving techniques, it is also desirable to investigate the power saving potential enabled by new technologies and devices. This paper investigates the potential of exploiting the emerging spin-electronics based MTJ (Magnetic Tunnel Junction) devices with application to on-chip router modules, in particular, buffers and crossbars. To this end, we build MTJ models, design circuits based on mixed MTJ-CMOS devices, and evaluate their switching power consumption, using their pure CMOS counterparts as the baseline. Our study shows that the new technology can significantly improve power efficiency for buffers but the gain for crossbars is less clear.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"1 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90169868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Schoeberl, F. Brandner, J. Sparsø, Evangelia Kasapaki
This paper explores the design of a circuit-switched network-on-chip (NoC) based on time-division-multiplexing (TDM) for use in hard real-time systems. Previous work has primarily considered application-specific systems. The work presented here targets general-purpose hardware platforms. We consider a system with IP-cores, where the TDM-NoC must provide directed virtual circuits - all with the same bandwidth - between all nodes. This may not be a frequent scenario, but a general platform should provide this capability, and it is an interesting point in the design space to study. The paper presents an FPGA-friendly hardware design, which is simple, fast, and consumes minimal resources. Furthermore, an algorithm to find minimum-period schedules for all-to-all virtual circuits on top of typical physical NoC topologies like 2D-mesh, torus, bidirectional torus, tree, and fat-tree is presented. The static schedule makes the NoC time-predictable and enables worst-case execution time analysis of communicating real-time tasks.
{"title":"A Statically Scheduled Time-Division-Multiplexed Network-on-Chip for Real-Time Systems","authors":"Martin Schoeberl, F. Brandner, J. Sparsø, Evangelia Kasapaki","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.25","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the design of a circuit-switched network-on-chip (NoC) based on time-division-multiplexing (TDM) for use in hard real-time systems. Previous work has primarily considered application-specific systems. The work presented here targets general-purpose hardware platforms. We consider a system with IP-cores, where the TDM-NoC must provide directed virtual circuits - all with the same bandwidth - between all nodes. This may not be a frequent scenario, but a general platform should provide this capability, and it is an interesting point in the design space to study. The paper presents an FPGA-friendly hardware design, which is simple, fast, and consumes minimal resources. Furthermore, an algorithm to find minimum-period schedules for all-to-all virtual circuits on top of typical physical NoC topologies like 2D-mesh, torus, bidirectional torus, tree, and fat-tree is presented. The static schedule makes the NoC time-predictable and enables worst-case execution time analysis of communicating real-time tasks.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"1 1","pages":"152-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76192076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance of future chip multi-processors will only scale with the number of integrated cores if there is a corresponding increase in memory access efficiency. The focus of this paper on a 3D-stacked wavelength-routed optical layer for high bandwidth and low latency processor-memory communication goes in this direction and complements ongoing efforts on photonically integrated bandwidth-rich DRAM devices. This target environment dictates layout constraints that make the difference in discriminating between alternative design choices of the optical layer. This paper assesses network partitioning options and bandwidth scalability techniques with deep technology and layout awareness, the main contribution lying in the characterization and precise quantification of such interaction effects between the technology platform, the layout constraints and the network-level quality metrics of a passive optical NoC.
{"title":"Engineering a Bandwidth-Scalable Optical Layer for a 3D Multi-core Processor with Awareness of Layout Constraints","authors":"L. Ramini, D. Bertozzi, L. Carloni","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.29","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of future chip multi-processors will only scale with the number of integrated cores if there is a corresponding increase in memory access efficiency. The focus of this paper on a 3D-stacked wavelength-routed optical layer for high bandwidth and low latency processor-memory communication goes in this direction and complements ongoing efforts on photonically integrated bandwidth-rich DRAM devices. This target environment dictates layout constraints that make the difference in discriminating between alternative design choices of the optical layer. This paper assesses network partitioning options and bandwidth scalability techniques with deep technology and layout awareness, the main contribution lying in the characterization and precise quantification of such interaction effects between the technology platform, the layout constraints and the network-level quality metrics of a passive optical NoC.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"45 1","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73764794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As technology continues to demand high performance, low power, and integration density, NoC system designers consider multiple aspects during the design phase. This paper addresses these issues and presents an NoC design methodology for generating high quality interconnects for custom Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) architectures. Our design methodology incorporates the main objectives of power and performance during topology synthesis while employing both analytical and simulation based automated techniques. A rendezvous interaction performance analysis method is presented where Layered Queuing Network models are invoked to observe the asynchronous interactions between NoC components and identify possible performance degradation in the on-chip network. Several experiments are conducted using various SoC benchmark applications to compare the power and performance outcomes of our proposed technique.
{"title":"Synthesis of NoC Interconnects for Custom MPSoC Architectures","authors":"G. Khan, A. Tino","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.16","url":null,"abstract":"As technology continues to demand high performance, low power, and integration density, NoC system designers consider multiple aspects during the design phase. This paper addresses these issues and presents an NoC design methodology for generating high quality interconnects for custom Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) architectures. Our design methodology incorporates the main objectives of power and performance during topology synthesis while employing both analytical and simulation based automated techniques. A rendezvous interaction performance analysis method is presented where Layered Queuing Network models are invoked to observe the asynchronous interactions between NoC components and identify possible performance degradation in the on-chip network. Several experiments are conducted using various SoC benchmark applications to compare the power and performance outcomes of our proposed technique.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"11 1","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84883237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flow regulation is a traffic shaping technique, which can be used to achieve communication performance guarantees with low buffering cost when integrating IPs to network-on-chip architectures. This paper presents dynamic flow regulation, which overcomes the rigidity of static flow regulation that pre-configures regulation parameters statically and only once. The dynamic regulation is made possible by employing a sliding window based online flow ($sigma$, $rho$) characterization technique, where $sigma$ bounds traffic burstiness and $rho$ reflects the average rate. The characterization method is effective and can be implemented in hardware with small area and high speed. The resulting dynamic regulation can adaptively adjust the traffic regulation strength in response to real traffic workload scenarios. As such, it makes more efficient use of the system interconnect resources, leading to significant improvement in network performance.
{"title":"Dynamic Flow Regulation for IP Integration on Network-on-Chip","authors":"Zhonghai Lu, Yi Wang","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.21","url":null,"abstract":"Flow regulation is a traffic shaping technique, which can be used to achieve communication performance guarantees with low buffering cost when integrating IPs to network-on-chip architectures. This paper presents dynamic flow regulation, which overcomes the rigidity of static flow regulation that pre-configures regulation parameters statically and only once. The dynamic regulation is made possible by employing a sliding window based online flow ($sigma$, $rho$) characterization technique, where $sigma$ bounds traffic burstiness and $rho$ reflects the average rate. The characterization method is effective and can be implemented in hardware with small area and high speed. The resulting dynamic regulation can adaptively adjust the traffic regulation strength in response to real traffic workload scenarios. As such, it makes more efficient use of the system interconnect resources, leading to significant improvement in network performance.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"32 1","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79107224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Wang, Danfeng Zhang, Yao Wang, Ed Suh, A. Myers, Andrew Ferraiuolo, G. Suh, Nithin Michael, A. Tang, Jiang Xu, Huazhong Yang
On-chip network is often dynamically shared among applications that are concurrently running on a chip-multiprocessor (CMP). In general, such shared resources imply that applications can affect each other's timing characteristics through interference in shared resources. For example, in on-chip networks, multiple flows can compete for links and buffers. We show that this interference is an attack vector through which a malicious application may be able to infer data-dependent information about other applications (side channel attacks), or two applications can exchange information covertly when direct communications are prohibited (covert channel attacks). To prevent these timing channel attacks, we propose an efficient scheme which uses priority-based arbitration and a static limit mechanism to provide one-way information-leak protection. The proposed technique requires minimal changes to the router hardware. The simulation results show that the protection scheme effectively eliminates a timing channel from high-security to low-security domains with minimal performance overheads for realistic traffic patterns.
{"title":"Efficient Timing Channel Protection for On-Chip Networks","authors":"Yu Wang, Danfeng Zhang, Yao Wang, Ed Suh, A. Myers, Andrew Ferraiuolo, G. Suh, Nithin Michael, A. Tang, Jiang Xu, Huazhong Yang","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.24","url":null,"abstract":"On-chip network is often dynamically shared among applications that are concurrently running on a chip-multiprocessor (CMP). In general, such shared resources imply that applications can affect each other's timing characteristics through interference in shared resources. For example, in on-chip networks, multiple flows can compete for links and buffers. We show that this interference is an attack vector through which a malicious application may be able to infer data-dependent information about other applications (side channel attacks), or two applications can exchange information covertly when direct communications are prohibited (covert channel attacks). To prevent these timing channel attacks, we propose an efficient scheme which uses priority-based arbitration and a static limit mechanism to provide one-way information-leak protection. The proposed technique requires minimal changes to the router hardware. The simulation results show that the protection scheme effectively eliminates a timing channel from high-security to low-security domains with minimal performance overheads for realistic traffic patterns.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"1 1","pages":"142-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83061601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To bridge the widening gap between computation requirements of terascale application and communication efficiency faced by many-core processor chips, wireless Network-on-Chip (WiNoC) has been proposed by using the recently developed CMOS ultra wideband interconnection. In this research, we propose an unequal RF nodes overlaid mesh topology design to improve the on-chip communication performance. A network capacity model is developed for fast searching of optimal topology configuration. A high-efficient, low-cost zone-aided routing scheme is designed to facilitate deadlock freedom. The simulation study demonstrates topology modeling effectiveness, routing efficiency, and promising network performance of the overlaid mesh WiNoC over a regular 2D mesh baseline.
{"title":"Overlaid Mesh Topology Design and Deadlock Free Routing in Wireless Network-on-Chip","authors":"Dan Zhao, Rui-Qing Wu","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.11","url":null,"abstract":"To bridge the widening gap between computation requirements of terascale application and communication efficiency faced by many-core processor chips, wireless Network-on-Chip (WiNoC) has been proposed by using the recently developed CMOS ultra wideband interconnection. In this research, we propose an unequal RF nodes overlaid mesh topology design to improve the on-chip communication performance. A network capacity model is developed for fast searching of optimal topology configuration. A high-efficient, low-cost zone-aided routing scheme is designed to facilitate deadlock freedom. The simulation study demonstrates topology modeling effectiveness, routing efficiency, and promising network performance of the overlaid mesh WiNoC over a regular 2D mesh baseline.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"57 1","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83122638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Sun, C. Chen, George Kurian, Lan Wei, Jason E. Miller, A. Agarwal, L. Peh, V. Stojanović
With the rise of many-core chips that require substantial bandwidth from the network on chip (NoC), integrated photonic links have been investigated as a promising alternative to traditional electrical interconnects. While numerous opto-electronic NoCs have been proposed, evaluations of photonic architectures have thus-far had to use a number of simplifications, reflecting the need for a modeling tool that accurately captures the tradeoffs for the emerging technology and its impacts on the overall network. In this paper, we present DSENT, a NoC modeling tool for rapid design space exploration of electrical and opto-electrical networks. We explain our modeling framework and perform an energy-driven case study, focusing on electrical technology scaling, photonic parameters, and thermal tuning. Our results show the implications of different technology scenarios and, in particular, the need to reduce laser and thermal tuning power in a photonic network due to their non-data-dependent nature.
{"title":"DSENT - A Tool Connecting Emerging Photonics with Electronics for Opto-Electronic Networks-on-Chip Modeling","authors":"Chen Sun, C. Chen, George Kurian, Lan Wei, Jason E. Miller, A. Agarwal, L. Peh, V. Stojanović","doi":"10.1109/NOCS.2012.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NOCS.2012.31","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of many-core chips that require substantial bandwidth from the network on chip (NoC), integrated photonic links have been investigated as a promising alternative to traditional electrical interconnects. While numerous opto-electronic NoCs have been proposed, evaluations of photonic architectures have thus-far had to use a number of simplifications, reflecting the need for a modeling tool that accurately captures the tradeoffs for the emerging technology and its impacts on the overall network. In this paper, we present DSENT, a NoC modeling tool for rapid design space exploration of electrical and opto-electrical networks. We explain our modeling framework and perform an energy-driven case study, focusing on electrical technology scaling, photonic parameters, and thermal tuning. Our results show the implications of different technology scenarios and, in particular, the need to reduce laser and thermal tuning power in a photonic network due to their non-data-dependent nature.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"11 1","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87255220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. Chen, Zheng Xu, Hyungjun Kim, Paul V. Gratz, Jiang Hu, M. Kishinevsky, Ümit Y. Ogras
In chip design today and for a foreseeable future, on-chip communication is not only a performance bottleneck but also a substantial power consumer. This work focuses on employing dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) policies for networks-on-chip (NoC) and shared, distributed last-level caches (LLC). In particular, we consider a practical system architecture where the distributed LLC and the NoC share a voltage/frequency domain which is separate from the core domain. This architecture enables controlling the relative speed between the cores and memory hierarchy without introducing synchronization delays within the NoC. DVFS for this architecture is more difficult than individual link/core-based DVFS since it involves spatially distributed monitoring and control. We propose an average memory access time (AMAT)-based monitoring technique and integrate it with DVFS based on PID control theory. Simulations on PARSEC benchmarks yield a 33% dynamic energy savings with a negligible impact on system performance.
{"title":"In-network Monitoring and Control Policy for DVFS of CMP Networks-on-Chip and Last Level Caches","authors":"X. Chen, Zheng Xu, Hyungjun Kim, Paul V. Gratz, Jiang Hu, M. Kishinevsky, Ümit Y. Ogras","doi":"10.1145/2504905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2504905","url":null,"abstract":"In chip design today and for a foreseeable future, on-chip communication is not only a performance bottleneck but also a substantial power consumer. This work focuses on employing dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) policies for networks-on-chip (NoC) and shared, distributed last-level caches (LLC). In particular, we consider a practical system architecture where the distributed LLC and the NoC share a voltage/frequency domain which is separate from the core domain. This architecture enables controlling the relative speed between the cores and memory hierarchy without introducing synchronization delays within the NoC. DVFS for this architecture is more difficult than individual link/core-based DVFS since it involves spatially distributed monitoring and control. We propose an average memory access time (AMAT)-based monitoring technique and integrate it with DVFS based on PID control theory. Simulations on PARSEC benchmarks yield a 33% dynamic energy savings with a negligible impact on system performance.","PeriodicalId":6333,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/ACM Sixth International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip","volume":"119 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89453872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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