Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178395
M. Zheng, Hanyang Wang
A novel hexa-band internal folded monopole/dipole/loop antenna has been proposed. The proposed antenna has four resonances in which three of them are 0.5λ, 1λ and 1.5λ modes. The distinctive feature of the antenna is an extra 2λ folded dipole mode, which has not been reported so far, is excited and utilized. All these four modes can be employed to cover the Low LTE700/GSM850/900 Band (LB: 698-960MHz) and the High GSM1850/1900/ UMTS2100 Band (HB: 1710-2170MHz). The proposed loop antenna has been simulated, prototyped and tested. It is shown that the numerically simulated results are in close agreement with the experimental prototype results and proved that the proposed antenna operates as proposed.
{"title":"Hexa-band quad-mode folded monopole/dipole/loop antenna","authors":"M. Zheng, Hanyang Wang","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178395","url":null,"abstract":"A novel hexa-band internal folded monopole/dipole/loop antenna has been proposed. The proposed antenna has four resonances in which three of them are 0.5λ, 1λ and 1.5λ modes. The distinctive feature of the antenna is an extra 2λ folded dipole mode, which has not been reported so far, is excited and utilized. All these four modes can be employed to cover the Low LTE700/GSM850/900 Band (LB: 698-960MHz) and the High GSM1850/1900/ UMTS2100 Band (HB: 1710-2170MHz). The proposed loop antenna has been simulated, prototyped and tested. It is shown that the numerically simulated results are in close agreement with the experimental prototype results and proved that the proposed antenna operates as proposed.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89231720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178383
S. Best
Today, it is well known that the performance of an electrically small antenna is a function of how well it is impedance matched to the transmitter and receiver and how well its radiation efficiency is maximized. Recently, much attention has also focused on optimizing the bandwidth or quality factor (Q) of small antennas as a function of their electrical size. In the dawn of radio's invention and development, a significant amount of effort was placed on optimizing the antenna's performance, particularly resonating the antenna at the desired frequency. It was well known in the first decades of the 20th century that an antenna would receive or provide more signal if properly resonated. In these early decades, radio's pioneers developed a number of antenna design techniques and approaches that are still used in today's most common antenna systems and wireless devices. In this paper, we look at some of this early pioneering work and discuss how significant and relevant it is to what antenna engineers do today. These early antenna designers laid a strong foundation for those of us that follow.
{"title":"Electrically small antennas: developments in the early decades of the 20th century","authors":"S. Best","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178383","url":null,"abstract":"Today, it is well known that the performance of an electrically small antenna is a function of how well it is impedance matched to the transmitter and receiver and how well its radiation efficiency is maximized. Recently, much attention has also focused on optimizing the bandwidth or quality factor (Q) of small antennas as a function of their electrical size. In the dawn of radio's invention and development, a significant amount of effort was placed on optimizing the antenna's performance, particularly resonating the antenna at the desired frequency. It was well known in the first decades of the 20th century that an antenna would receive or provide more signal if properly resonated. In these early decades, radio's pioneers developed a number of antenna design techniques and approaches that are still used in today's most common antenna systems and wireless devices. In this paper, we look at some of this early pioneering work and discuss how significant and relevant it is to what antenna engineers do today. These early antenna designers laid a strong foundation for those of us that follow.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91020034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178417
F. Paredes, G. Zamora, F. Herraiz-Martínez, F. Martín, J. Bonache
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibility of implementing folded dipole antennas operative at two closely spaced frequencies of interest, for instance, in ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification (UHF-RFID) applications. The dual-band functionality is achieved by coupling a spiral resonator to the antenna, which operates as an unbalanced transmission line. This modifies the impedance of the antenna and dual-band functionality can be achieved by virtue of the conjugate matching between the antenna and the chip at the frequencies of interest. Two prototype devices have been designed and fabricated: a mono-band folded dipole UHF-RFID tag, and a dual-band UHF-RFID tag based on a spiral resonator coupled to a folded dipole antenna. The measured read ranges at the operating frequencies are in the vicinity of 6 m. The read ranges of the designed tags have been also measured by attaching them to different objects (a CD-ROM box and a plastic ID card). A certain frequency shift is obtained, but this shift can be corrected by merely modifying the distance between the resonator and the antenna.
{"title":"Dual-band RFID tags based on folded dipole antennas loaded with spiral resonators","authors":"F. Paredes, G. Zamora, F. Herraiz-Martínez, F. Martín, J. Bonache","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178417","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibility of implementing folded dipole antennas operative at two closely spaced frequencies of interest, for instance, in ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification (UHF-RFID) applications. The dual-band functionality is achieved by coupling a spiral resonator to the antenna, which operates as an unbalanced transmission line. This modifies the impedance of the antenna and dual-band functionality can be achieved by virtue of the conjugate matching between the antenna and the chip at the frequencies of interest. Two prototype devices have been designed and fabricated: a mono-band folded dipole UHF-RFID tag, and a dual-band UHF-RFID tag based on a spiral resonator coupled to a folded dipole antenna. The measured read ranges at the operating frequencies are in the vicinity of 6 m. The read ranges of the designed tags have been also measured by attaching them to different objects (a CD-ROM box and a plastic ID card). A certain frequency shift is obtained, but this shift can be corrected by merely modifying the distance between the resonator and the antenna.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87426292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178419
H. Rajagopalan, Y. Rahmat-Samii
This paper addresses two important aspects in the area of RFID technology namely, development of platform tolerant tags and RFID tags and systems in medicine. Firstly, platform tolerant tag designs are discussed. A dual patch/fat folded-dipole type tags (for human monitoring) is described and measurements are performed to validate the performance of the tag in different environments including human body and metals. Then, a medicine monitoring system is briefly discussed which can prove vital for medical compliance. The concept of the tagging of each medicine pill with RFID tag is presented and its design is discussed including proper operability within the human body.
{"title":"Platform tolerant and capsule-pill RFID antenna designs: An overview of recent developments at UCLA","authors":"H. Rajagopalan, Y. Rahmat-Samii","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses two important aspects in the area of RFID technology namely, development of platform tolerant tags and RFID tags and systems in medicine. Firstly, platform tolerant tag designs are discussed. A dual patch/fat folded-dipole type tags (for human monitoring) is described and measurements are performed to validate the performance of the tag in different environments including human body and metals. Then, a medicine monitoring system is briefly discussed which can prove vital for medical compliance. The concept of the tagging of each medicine pill with RFID tag is presented and its design is discussed including proper operability within the human body.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87786457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178678
Jun-ping Geng, R. Ziolkowski, R. Jin, Xianling Liang
The EM polarization properties of the active cylindrical coated nano particle antennas are investigated in the visible frequency band. It is observed that the active cylindrical coated nano particle could be illuminated by plane waves with horizontal polarization or vertical polarization, and show the dipole mode, although the resonant size of the particles are little different. Especially, when the vertical polarization plane wave incident to the particle with 45° rotation angle, it still show the dipole mode, the electrical field and power flow are symmetrical along the particle axis, and looks like a combination of the horizontal polarization mode and vertical polarization mode.
{"title":"Study on the dual polarizations of the active cylindrical coated nano-particle antennas","authors":"Jun-ping Geng, R. Ziolkowski, R. Jin, Xianling Liang","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178678","url":null,"abstract":"The EM polarization properties of the active cylindrical coated nano particle antennas are investigated in the visible frequency band. It is observed that the active cylindrical coated nano particle could be illuminated by plane waves with horizontal polarization or vertical polarization, and show the dipole mode, although the resonant size of the particles are little different. Especially, when the vertical polarization plane wave incident to the particle with 45° rotation angle, it still show the dipole mode, the electrical field and power flow are symmetrical along the particle axis, and looks like a combination of the horizontal polarization mode and vertical polarization mode.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73340450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178676
G. Chattopadhyay, N. Llombart, Choonsup Lee, C. Jung, R. Lin, K. Cooper, T. Reck, J. Siles, E. Schlecht, A. Peralta, B. Thomas, I. Mehdi
Highly sensitive terahertz heterodyne receivers have been mostly single-pixel. However, now there is a real need of multi-pixel array receivers at these frequencies driven by the science and instrument requirements. In this paper we explore various receiver front-end and antenna architectures for use in multi-pixel integrated arrays at terahertz frequencies. Development of wafer-level integrated terahertz receiver front-end by using advanced semiconductor fabrication technologies has progressed very well over the past few years. Novel stacking of micro-machined silicon wafers which allows for the 3-dimensional integration of various terahertz receiver components in extremely small packages has made it possible to design multi-pixel heterodyne arrays. One of the critical technologies to achieve fully integrated system is the antenna arrays compatible with the receiver array architecture. In this paper we explore different receiver and antenna architectures for multi-pixel heterodyne and direct detector arrays for various applications such as multi-pixel high resolution spectrometer and imaging radar at terahertz frequencies.
{"title":"Terahertz array receivers with integrated antennas","authors":"G. Chattopadhyay, N. Llombart, Choonsup Lee, C. Jung, R. Lin, K. Cooper, T. Reck, J. Siles, E. Schlecht, A. Peralta, B. Thomas, I. Mehdi","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178676","url":null,"abstract":"Highly sensitive terahertz heterodyne receivers have been mostly single-pixel. However, now there is a real need of multi-pixel array receivers at these frequencies driven by the science and instrument requirements. In this paper we explore various receiver front-end and antenna architectures for use in multi-pixel integrated arrays at terahertz frequencies. Development of wafer-level integrated terahertz receiver front-end by using advanced semiconductor fabrication technologies has progressed very well over the past few years. Novel stacking of micro-machined silicon wafers which allows for the 3-dimensional integration of various terahertz receiver components in extremely small packages has made it possible to design multi-pixel heterodyne arrays. One of the critical technologies to achieve fully integrated system is the antenna arrays compatible with the receiver array architecture. In this paper we explore different receiver and antenna architectures for multi-pixel heterodyne and direct detector arrays for various applications such as multi-pixel high resolution spectrometer and imaging radar at terahertz frequencies.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76335568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178677
A. Alú, P. Chen, X. Liu
We discuss the use of plasmonic nanoantennas to drastically enhance and tailor the linear and nonlinear response of optical materials to realize novel optical nanodevices for optical communications and computing, energy harvesting and sensing applications. By translating some of the familiar concepts of radio-frequency antennas to the visible spectrum, we propose a variety of exciting designs to tailor the nanoscale interaction of nanoparticles with light, in order to realize nanodevices with linear and nonlinear properties not available in conventional optical materials and systems. We propose individual and collections of plasmonic nanoparticles that may realize the bridge between unconventional nanoscale optical processing and far-field propagation and radiation.
{"title":"Optical nanontennas for enhancing nonlinearities, sensing, optical communications and energy harvesting","authors":"A. Alú, P. Chen, X. Liu","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178677","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the use of plasmonic nanoantennas to drastically enhance and tailor the linear and nonlinear response of optical materials to realize novel optical nanodevices for optical communications and computing, energy harvesting and sensing applications. By translating some of the familiar concepts of radio-frequency antennas to the visible spectrum, we propose a variety of exciting designs to tailor the nanoscale interaction of nanoparticles with light, in order to realize nanodevices with linear and nonlinear properties not available in conventional optical materials and systems. We propose individual and collections of plasmonic nanoparticles that may realize the bridge between unconventional nanoscale optical processing and far-field propagation and radiation.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75644856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178645
N. Kogo, T. Ikeda
The antenna performance of a transceiver located in front of the human head was investigated with the main interest in the dependency on frequencies and the location of the antenna. We used a numerical approach for the investigation. We designed a helical antenna with a metallic case as a handheld type transceiver and calculated the radiation patterns of the antenna with a numerical human-body model. Moreover, the specific absorption rate (SAR) in a human body exposed to electromagnetic waves from the antenna is shown.
{"title":"Effect of human body on antenna performance of transceiver for push-to-talk communication line in VHF and UHF bands","authors":"N. Kogo, T. Ikeda","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178645","url":null,"abstract":"The antenna performance of a transceiver located in front of the human head was investigated with the main interest in the dependency on frequencies and the location of the antenna. We used a numerical approach for the investigation. We designed a helical antenna with a metallic case as a handheld type transceiver and calculated the radiation patterns of the antenna with a numerical human-body model. Moreover, the specific absorption rate (SAR) in a human body exposed to electromagnetic waves from the antenna is shown.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79987337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178648
H. Nakano, J. Miyake, M. Oyama, J. Yamauchi
A low-profile cavity-backed spiral antenna with an absorbing strip exhibits wideband radiation characteristics. An EBG reflector is useful in designing a small spiral for medium frequency bandwidth operation. A modified EBG reflector contributes to mitigation of the partial deterioration of the antenna characteristics in a low-profile equiangular spiral antenna. The circularly polarized radiation from a metamaterial spiral is left-handed at one frequency and right-handed at a different frequency.
{"title":"Natural and metamaterial spiral antennas","authors":"H. Nakano, J. Miyake, M. Oyama, J. Yamauchi","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178648","url":null,"abstract":"A low-profile cavity-backed spiral antenna with an absorbing strip exhibits wideband radiation characteristics. An EBG reflector is useful in designing a small spiral for medium frequency bandwidth operation. A modified EBG reflector contributes to mitigation of the partial deterioration of the antenna characteristics in a low-profile equiangular spiral antenna. The circularly polarized radiation from a metamaterial spiral is left-handed at one frequency and right-handed at a different frequency.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77380847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178638
H. Arai, M. Chomora, M. Yoshida
This paper presents the antenna to enhance DC output of RF energy harvesting system under weak signal reception environment. To select candidate sites and base stations for RF energy harvesting system, we discuss expected reception power level by a simple line-of-sight propagation model and the specification of currently used base stations. Under this site condition, this paper presents a voltage-boosting antenna consisting of a folded dipole antenna with high input impedance and rectifier circuit tuned for it. A theory of voltage-booting and a circuit design procedure are presented for FM radio signals.
{"title":"A voltage-boosting antenna for RF energy harvesting","authors":"H. Arai, M. Chomora, M. Yoshida","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178638","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the antenna to enhance DC output of RF energy harvesting system under weak signal reception environment. To select candidate sites and base stations for RF energy harvesting system, we discuss expected reception power level by a simple line-of-sight propagation model and the specification of currently used base stations. Under this site condition, this paper presents a voltage-boosting antenna consisting of a folded dipole antenna with high input impedance and rectifier circuit tuned for it. A theory of voltage-booting and a circuit design procedure are presented for FM radio signals.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76661886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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