Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.143010
Satoshi Suzuki, M. Hoshiga, K. Kotani, T. Asao
The jugular venous pulse (JVP) waveform provides an insight into right heart function, and its assessment is important in patients with heart failure. However, the conventional pulse-transducer (contact) method for monitoring this waveform is not frequently used because it requires a high degree of skill. The aim of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of a prototype non-contact system that employs microwave radar (24 GHz, 7 mW; non-contact system) for JVP measurement. Experiments were conducted on eight healthy male volunteers (21.88 ± 0.99 years). JVP measurements were compared between the conventional contact method and the proposed non-contact method. Change in JVP waveform was measured in response to an angle of reclining in five steps from the supine position to 75° of elevation. The obtained JVP measurements were similar between the two methods. Because in the non-contact method the faint pulsation of the JVP is not suppressed by the pressure of a sensor placed on the skin, the prototype microwave radar system is particularly suitable for evaluating the JVP waveform.
{"title":"Assessment of Non-Contact Measurement Using a Microwave Sensor to Jugular Venous Pulse Monitoring","authors":"Satoshi Suzuki, M. Hoshiga, K. Kotani, T. Asao","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.143010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.143010","url":null,"abstract":"The jugular venous pulse (JVP) waveform provides an insight into right heart function, and its assessment is important in patients with heart failure. However, the conventional pulse-transducer (contact) method for monitoring this waveform is not frequently used because it requires a high degree of skill. The aim of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of a prototype non-contact system that employs microwave radar (24 GHz, 7 mW; non-contact system) for JVP measurement. Experiments were conducted on eight healthy male volunteers (21.88 ± 0.99 years). JVP measurements were compared between the conventional contact method and the proposed non-contact method. Change in JVP waveform was measured in response to an angle of reclining in five steps from the supine position to 75° of elevation. The obtained JVP measurements were similar between the two methods. Because in the non-contact method the faint pulsation of the JVP is not suppressed by the pressure of a sensor placed on the skin, the prototype microwave radar system is particularly suitable for evaluating the JVP waveform.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"14 1","pages":"94-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42916028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.143012
M. Arias, A. Lopez, M. Vilaseca, B. Vallès, R. Prieto, M. Simó, J. A. Valle, R. C. C. R. Valle, F. M. Bezerra, Jordi Puiggalí Bellalta
The fight against nosocomial infections in hospitals, has promoted the use of microencapsulated essential oils on medical wearing uniforms. These types of microcapsules can be improved with the use of antimicrobial polymers in the shell structure. Chitosan is one of the most used biopolymers and the effectiveness of the treatment can be increased with the combination of different molecular weight chains of chitosan. This modification in the composition of shell structure allows controlling the rate of hydrolysis and, therefore the amount of its cationic form. The main objective of this work is to define a methodology to get microcapsules with different shell compositions, using surfactants as stabilizers in their first step. Once they have been obtained, these microcapsules will be fixed into textile substrates with the objective to use these tissues as surgical and medical clothes to spread the antibacterial effect, in sanitary staff, as well as in the own patient. In the process of microencapsulation the molecular weight distribution of polymers, influences strongly the delivery mechanisms of the active principle, as well as the chemical characteristics of the textile substrate used in every case. In this work, several chitosan biopolymers have been checked. Structural changes in the stabilization first step and the influence of the cross-linking extension have been related with the final antibacterial effect when fixed on cotton substrates.
{"title":"Influence of Chitosan Characteristics in the Microencapsulation of Essential Oils","authors":"M. Arias, A. Lopez, M. Vilaseca, B. Vallès, R. Prieto, M. Simó, J. A. Valle, R. C. C. R. Valle, F. M. Bezerra, Jordi Puiggalí Bellalta","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.143012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.143012","url":null,"abstract":"The fight against nosocomial infections in hospitals, has promoted the use of microencapsulated essential oils on medical wearing uniforms. These types of microcapsules can be improved with the use of antimicrobial polymers in the shell structure. Chitosan is one of the most used biopolymers and the effectiveness of the treatment can be increased with the combination of different molecular weight chains of chitosan. This modification in the composition of shell structure allows controlling the rate of hydrolysis and, therefore the amount of its cationic form. The main objective of this work is to define a methodology to get microcapsules with different shell compositions, using surfactants as stabilizers in their first step. Once they have been obtained, these microcapsules will be fixed into textile substrates with the objective to use these tissues as surgical and medical clothes to spread the antibacterial effect, in sanitary staff, as well as in the own patient. In the process of microencapsulation the molecular weight distribution of polymers, influences strongly the delivery mechanisms of the active principle, as well as the chemical characteristics of the textile substrate used in every case. In this work, several chitosan biopolymers have been checked. Structural changes in the stabilization first step and the influence of the cross-linking extension have been related with the final antibacterial effect when fixed on cotton substrates.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"14 1","pages":"119-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43047689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores an automated framework to assist the recognition of hemorrhage traces and bleeding lesions in video streams of small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). The proposed methodology aims to achieve fast image control (<10 minutes), save valuable time of the physicians, and enable high performance diagnosis. A specialized elimination algorithm excludes all identical consecutive frames by utilizing the difference of gray levels in pixel luminance. An image filtering algorithm is proposed based on an experimentally calculated bleeding index and blood-color chart, which inspects all remaining frames of the footage and identifies pixels that reflect active or potential hemorrhage in color. The bleeding index and blood-color chart are estimated of the chromatic thresholds in RGB and HSV color spaces, and have been extracted after experimenting with more than 3200 training images, derived from 99 videos of a pool of 138 patients. The dataset has been provided by a team of expert gastroenterologist surgeons, who have also evaluated the results. The proposed algorithms are tested on a set of more than 1000 selected frame samples from the entire 39 testing videos, to a prevalence of 50% pathologic frames (balanced dataset). The frame elimination of identical and consecutive frames achieved a reduction of 36% of total frames. The best statistical performance for diagnosis of positive pathological frames from a video stream is achieved by utilizing masks in the HSV color model, with sensitivity up to 99%, precision 94.41% to a prevalence of 50%, accuracy up to 96.1%, FNR 1%, FPR 6.8%. The estimated blood-color chart will be clinically validated and used in feature extraction schemes supporting machine learning ML algorithms to improve the localization potential.
{"title":"Improving CAD Hemorrhage Detection in Capsule Endoscopy","authors":"Polydorou Alexios, Sergaki Eleftheria, Polydorou Andreas, Barbagiannis Christos, Vardiambasis Ioannis, G. Giakos, Zervakis Michail","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.143011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.143011","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores an automated framework to assist the recognition of hemorrhage traces and bleeding lesions in video streams of small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). The proposed methodology aims to achieve fast image control (<10 minutes), save valuable time of the physicians, and enable high performance diagnosis. A specialized elimination algorithm excludes all identical consecutive frames by utilizing the difference of gray levels in pixel luminance. An image filtering algorithm is proposed based on an experimentally calculated bleeding index and blood-color chart, which inspects all remaining frames of the footage and identifies pixels that reflect active or potential hemorrhage in color. The bleeding index and blood-color chart are estimated of the chromatic thresholds in RGB and HSV color spaces, and have been extracted after experimenting with more than 3200 training images, derived from 99 videos of a pool of 138 patients. The dataset has been provided by a team of expert gastroenterologist surgeons, who have also evaluated the results. The proposed algorithms are tested on a set of more than 1000 selected frame samples from the entire 39 testing videos, to a prevalence of 50% pathologic frames (balanced dataset). The frame elimination of identical and consecutive frames achieved a reduction of 36% of total frames. The best statistical performance for diagnosis of positive pathological frames from a video stream is achieved by utilizing masks in the HSV color model, with sensitivity up to 99%, precision 94.41% to a prevalence of 50%, accuracy up to 96.1%, FNR 1%, FPR 6.8%. The estimated blood-color chart will be clinically validated and used in feature extraction schemes supporting machine learning ML algorithms to improve the localization potential.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"14 1","pages":"103-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49250997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-07DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.142006
A. Prombonas, N. Poulis, E. Prombonas
In the present study, an aero pneumatic fatigue testing machine for complete dentures was designed, fabricated, and tested for the evaluation of the fatigue life of reinforced complete upper denture (CUD). On completion and testing, it was observed that the machine has the potential of generating reliable number of cyclic data. The machine’s performance was evaluated using test specimens of identical CUDs that were machined in conformity with standard procedures. The fatigue machine compressed the lower dental arch over the upper denture-specimen in centric occlusion, in the same way that the two masticatory muscles pull the lower jaw over the upper jaw during chewing. The incorporation of glass fibres into the CUD using a sandwich technique quadruples the lifespan of the denture (P = 0.004). The low standard deviation, along with the low coefficient of variation (CV) of the group of unreinforced dentures shows the repeatability of the results and the reliability of the machine. The high standard deviation and coefficient of variation of reinforced dentures was expected, since a high variation of results is usually recorded in fibre reinforcement cases. This research confirmed the view that the crack during denture fracture initiates in the anterior palatal area and propagates to the posterior.
{"title":"Estimation of Fatigue Strength of Reinforced Complete Upper Denture Using a Newly Designed Testing Machine: A Laboratory Research Project","authors":"A. Prombonas, N. Poulis, E. Prombonas","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.142006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.142006","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, an aero pneumatic fatigue testing machine for complete dentures was designed, fabricated, and tested for the evaluation of the fatigue life of reinforced complete upper denture (CUD). On completion and testing, it was observed that the machine has the potential of generating reliable number of cyclic data. The machine’s performance was evaluated using test specimens of identical CUDs that were machined in conformity with standard procedures. The fatigue machine compressed the lower dental arch over the upper denture-specimen in centric occlusion, in the same way that the two masticatory muscles pull the lower jaw over the upper jaw during chewing. The incorporation of glass fibres into the CUD using a sandwich technique quadruples the lifespan of the denture (P = 0.004). The low standard deviation, along with the low coefficient of variation (CV) of the group of unreinforced dentures shows the repeatability of the results and the reliability of the machine. The high standard deviation and coefficient of variation of reinforced dentures was expected, since a high variation of results is usually recorded in fibre reinforcement cases. This research confirmed the view that the crack during denture fracture initiates in the anterior palatal area and propagates to the posterior.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"14 1","pages":"48-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44973549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-04DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.142004
Chanjugaa Uthayakumar, S. Kotalawala
“Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease” is the alarming health risk around the world today. Nearly 1/3 of the world’s population is affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Many scientists put forward two hit hypotheses to explain the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the aid of trials using Biopsy, ultrasound scan and molecular techniques, scientists explained an authentic evidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression is ultimately because of obesity and its commodities, such as Cardio vascular diseases, Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome. This review mainly focuses on how obesity leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on statistical analysis of different research studies conducted by the research scientists. In the analysis of 1980-2003, out of 505 individuals, 305 were affected with NAFLD and among them, 64.3% were obese. In the analysis of the period of 1996-2002, out of 550 NAFLD patients, 70.36% were obese. Also in the analysis of 2010-2015 period of time, mostly 90% of the NAFLD patients were obese. It was also revealed that, along with NAFLD and obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia also exist as the commodities of obesity. Attention of medical field is towards the treatment and analysis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease which is expected to be the reason of liver transplant by 2020.
{"title":"Impact of Obesity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","authors":"Chanjugaa Uthayakumar, S. Kotalawala","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.142004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.142004","url":null,"abstract":"“Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease” is the alarming health risk around the world today. Nearly 1/3 of the world’s population is affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Many scientists put forward two hit hypotheses to explain the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the aid of trials using Biopsy, ultrasound scan and molecular techniques, scientists explained an authentic evidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression is ultimately because of obesity and its commodities, such as Cardio vascular diseases, Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome. This review mainly focuses on how obesity leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on statistical analysis of different research studies conducted by the research scientists. In the analysis of 1980-2003, out of 505 individuals, 305 were affected with NAFLD and among them, 64.3% were obese. In the analysis of the period of 1996-2002, out of 550 NAFLD patients, 70.36% were obese. Also in the analysis of 2010-2015 period of time, mostly 90% of the NAFLD patients were obese. It was also revealed that, along with NAFLD and obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia also exist as the commodities of obesity. Attention of medical field is towards the treatment and analysis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease which is expected to be the reason of liver transplant by 2020.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47854130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.141002
S. Haber, A. Tsuda
We hypothesized that liquid menisci occlusions may form inside small airways, travel along the airway while losing mass and finally may disintegrate into bioaerosols. Spreading of the COVID-19 virus is strongly related to the number of such bioaerosols exhaled by “super-spreaders”. We show, employing numerical methods, that this number can be diminished by administering surfactants which lower the surface-tension of the mucus which covers the airways.
{"title":"Can We Diminish Spreading of the COVID-19 Pandemic?","authors":"S. Haber, A. Tsuda","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.141002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.141002","url":null,"abstract":"We hypothesized that liquid menisci occlusions may form inside small airways, travel along the airway while losing mass and finally may disintegrate into bioaerosols. Spreading of the COVID-19 virus is strongly related to the number of such bioaerosols exhaled by “super-spreaders”. We show, employing numerical methods, that this number can be diminished by administering surfactants which lower the surface-tension of the mucus which covers the airways.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44436248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.141003
R. Sakai, K. Uchiyama, Kensuke Fukushima, N. Takahira, K. Yoshida, M. Ujihira
Failure during total hip arthroplasty may lead to bedridden of the elderly. Since the acetabulum cup fix in an anatomically deep region, failures, such as loosening and fracture, occur three times more frequently compared with failures of the stem fix in the femur. We investigated the possibility of evaluating whether fixation was acquired by frequency analysis of the hammering sound of implanting a cup into the acetabulum. The subjects were 11 patients (11 joints) who underwent total hip arthroplasty, biomechanical test materials, and orthopedic models. Surgeries and experiments were performed by orthopedists specialized in the hip. A system was constructed with a tablet PC and directional microphone, the peak frequency at which the amplitude reached the maximum was determined, and judgment processing (stable, unstable) of cup fixability was performed in real time. The stable maximum peak frequency observed in the clinical trials was 4.42 ± 4.02 kHz. The mean stable maximum peak frequency in the biomechanical tests was 4.46 ± 1.19 kHz in biomechanical test materials and 4.56 ± 2.02 kHz in orthopaedicmodels. When hammering was continued, the frequency leading to fracture decreased in both biomechanical test materials and orthopaedicmodels. In conclusion, in clinical trials and biomechanical studies, variation of the maximum peak frequency decreased when fixation was acquired and the frequency stabilized. It was suggested that this method can serve as a fixability evaluation method of acetabular cups because analysis can be performed in real time during surgery, for which prevention of intraoperative fracture can be expected.
{"title":"Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis to Fix an Acetabular Cup during Total Hip Arthroplasty: Clinical Trials and Biomechanical Studies","authors":"R. Sakai, K. Uchiyama, Kensuke Fukushima, N. Takahira, K. Yoshida, M. Ujihira","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.141003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.141003","url":null,"abstract":"Failure during total hip arthroplasty may lead to bedridden of the elderly. Since the acetabulum cup fix in an anatomically deep region, failures, such as loosening and fracture, occur three times more frequently compared with failures of the stem fix in the femur. We investigated the possibility of evaluating whether fixation was acquired by frequency analysis of the hammering sound of implanting a cup into the acetabulum. The subjects were 11 patients (11 joints) who underwent total hip arthroplasty, biomechanical test materials, and orthopedic models. Surgeries and experiments were performed by orthopedists specialized in the hip. A system was constructed with a tablet PC and directional microphone, the peak frequency at which the amplitude reached the maximum was determined, and judgment processing (stable, unstable) of cup fixability was performed in real time. The stable maximum peak frequency observed in the clinical trials was 4.42 ± 4.02 kHz. The mean stable maximum peak frequency in the biomechanical tests was 4.46 ± 1.19 kHz in biomechanical test materials and 4.56 ± 2.02 kHz in orthopaedicmodels. When hammering was continued, the frequency leading to fracture decreased in both biomechanical test materials and orthopaedicmodels. In conclusion, in clinical trials and biomechanical studies, variation of the maximum peak frequency decreased when fixation was acquired and the frequency stabilized. It was suggested that this method can serve as a fixability evaluation method of acetabular cups because analysis can be performed in real time during surgery, for which prevention of intraoperative fracture can be expected.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"14 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43747211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.4236/JBISE.2021.141001
Jaejong Park, F. Haque, Achille Louodom Chedjou, Michael J. Miller, Alok Sutradhar
Although a positive cosmetic outcome is an important goal of breast cancer reconstruction, the objective analysis of breast aesthetics has yet to reach a gold standard or unified method to quantify breast symmetry. Several scoring systems, both subjective and objective, have been developed over the years to ensure the desirable outcome in breast symmetry, but these methods have yet to reach the unanimous acceptance in terms of accuracy, value and ease of use to be implemented in the clinical setting. By assessing several existing symmetry scores, most of which are based on 2D imaging, along with our own set of symmetry parameters applied to 3D patient images, the goal of this study is to determine if there is an advantage of 3D imaging in formulating an accurate objective breast aesthetic score over the existing objective scores. A reliable breast aesthetic score would improve the decision-making in surgery as well as improve patient satisfaction. Additionally, knowing the quantity and degree of breast asymmetry objectively will improve outcome and reduce revision rates, minimizing patient suffering and improving the overall quality of patient life and body image.
{"title":"Breast Asymmetry Evaluation Using Objective Measures after Breast Cancer Surgery","authors":"Jaejong Park, F. Haque, Achille Louodom Chedjou, Michael J. Miller, Alok Sutradhar","doi":"10.4236/JBISE.2021.141001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBISE.2021.141001","url":null,"abstract":"Although a positive cosmetic outcome is an important goal of breast cancer reconstruction, the objective analysis of breast aesthetics has yet to reach a gold standard or unified method to quantify breast symmetry. Several scoring systems, both subjective and objective, have been developed over the years to ensure the desirable outcome in breast symmetry, but these methods have yet to reach the unanimous acceptance in terms of accuracy, value and ease of use to be implemented in the clinical setting. By assessing several existing symmetry scores, most of which are based on 2D imaging, along with our own set of symmetry parameters applied to 3D patient images, the goal of this study is to determine if there is an advantage of 3D imaging in formulating an accurate objective breast aesthetic score over the existing objective scores. A reliable breast aesthetic score would improve the decision-making in surgery as well as improve patient satisfaction. Additionally, knowing the quantity and degree of breast asymmetry objectively will improve outcome and reduce revision rates, minimizing patient suffering and improving the overall quality of patient life and body image.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43265787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2021.1412034
Christos Barbagiannis, Alexios A Polydorou, M. Zervakis, A. Polydorou, Eleftheria Sergaki
The proposed deep learning algorithm will be integrated as a binary classifier under the umbrella of a multi-class classification tool to facilitate the automated detection of non-healthy deformities, anatomical landmarks, pathological findings, other anomalies and normal cases, by examining medical endoscopic images of GI tract. Each binary classifier is trained to detect one specific non-healthy condition. The algorithm analyzed in the present work expands the ability of detection of this tool by classifying GI tract image snapshots into two classes, depicting haemorrhage and non-haemorrhage state. The proposed algorithm
{"title":"Detection of Angioectasias and Haemorrhages Incorporated into a Multi-Class Classification Tool for the GI Tract Anomalies by Using Binary CNNs","authors":"Christos Barbagiannis, Alexios A Polydorou, M. Zervakis, A. Polydorou, Eleftheria Sergaki","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2021.1412034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2021.1412034","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed deep learning algorithm will be integrated as a binary classifier under the umbrella of a multi-class classification tool to facilitate the automated detection of non-healthy deformities, anatomical landmarks, pathological findings, other anomalies and normal cases, by examining medical endoscopic images of GI tract. Each binary classifier is trained to detect one specific non-healthy condition. The algorithm analyzed in the present work expands the ability of detection of this tool by classifying GI tract image snapshots into two classes, depicting haemorrhage and non-haemorrhage state. The proposed algorithm","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2021.1412035
R. LeMoyne, Timothy Mastroianni
The quantification of gait is uniquely facilitated through the conformal wearable and wireless inertial sensor system, which consists of a profile comparable to a bandage. These attributes advance the ability to quantify hemiplegic gait in consideration of the hemiplegic affected leg and unaffected leg. The recorded inertial sensor data, which is inclusive of the gyroscope signal, can be readily transmitted by wireless means to a secure Cloud. Incorporating Python to automate the post-processing of the gyroscope signal data can enable the development of a feature set suitable for a machine learning platform, such as the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA). An assortment of machine learning algorithms, such as the multilayer perceptron neural network, J48 decision tree, random forest, K-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, and naïve Bayes, were evaluated in terms of classification accuracy and time to develop the machine learning model. The K-nearest neighbors achieved optimal performance based on classification accuracy achieved for differentiating between the hemiplegic affected leg and unaffected leg for gait and the time to establish the machine learning model. The achievements of this research endeavor demonstrate the utility of amalgamating the conformal wearable and wireless inertial sensor with machine learning algorithms for distinguishing the hemiplegic affected leg and unaffected leg during gait. for characterizing the sagittal plane of the thighs during gait. The Y-direction gyroscope signal was the basis for composing the feature set for machine learning classification. The sampling rate of the BioStamp nPoint was set to 250 Hz.
通过保形可穿戴和无线惯性传感器系统，步态的量化是唯一方便的，该系统由一个类似绷带的轮廓组成。考虑到偏瘫的影响腿和未受影响的腿，这些属性提高了量化偏瘫步态的能力。记录的惯性传感器数据，包括陀螺仪信号，可以很容易地通过无线方式传输到一个安全的云。将Python集成到陀螺仪信号数据的自动后处理中，可以开发适合机器学习平台的功能集，例如Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA)。各种机器学习算法，如多层感知器神经网络、J48决策树、随机森林、k近邻、逻辑回归和naïve贝叶斯，在分类精度和开发机器学习模型的时间方面进行了评估。基于区分偏瘫患腿和未患腿步态的分类精度和建立机器学习模型的时间，k近邻算法获得了最优性能。本研究的成果表明，将保形可穿戴和无线惯性传感器与机器学习算法相结合，可以在步态中区分偏瘫的影响腿和未影响腿。用于描述步态时大腿矢状面。y方向陀螺仪信号是构成机器学习分类特征集的基础。设置BioStamp nPoint的采样率为250hz。
{"title":"Implementation of Machine Learning Classification Regarding Hemiplegic Gait Using an Assortment of Machine Learning Algorithms with Quantification from Conformal Wearable and Wireless Inertial Sensor System","authors":"R. LeMoyne, Timothy Mastroianni","doi":"10.4236/jbise.2021.1412035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2021.1412035","url":null,"abstract":"The quantification of gait is uniquely facilitated through the conformal wearable and wireless inertial sensor system, which consists of a profile comparable to a bandage. These attributes advance the ability to quantify hemiplegic gait in consideration of the hemiplegic affected leg and unaffected leg. The recorded inertial sensor data, which is inclusive of the gyroscope signal, can be readily transmitted by wireless means to a secure Cloud. Incorporating Python to automate the post-processing of the gyroscope signal data can enable the development of a feature set suitable for a machine learning platform, such as the Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA). An assortment of machine learning algorithms, such as the multilayer perceptron neural network, J48 decision tree, random forest, K-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, and naïve Bayes, were evaluated in terms of classification accuracy and time to develop the machine learning model. The K-nearest neighbors achieved optimal performance based on classification accuracy achieved for differentiating between the hemiplegic affected leg and unaffected leg for gait and the time to establish the machine learning model. The achievements of this research endeavor demonstrate the utility of amalgamating the conformal wearable and wireless inertial sensor with machine learning algorithms for distinguishing the hemiplegic affected leg and unaffected leg during gait. for characterizing the sagittal plane of the thighs during gait. The Y-direction gyroscope signal was the basis for composing the feature set for machine learning classification. The sampling rate of the BioStamp nPoint was set to 250 Hz.","PeriodicalId":64231,"journal":{"name":"生物医学工程(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70883111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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