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2012 12th IEEE International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control (AMC)最新文献

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Focusing control system for suppressing multi-harmonic disturbances in high speed optical disk systems 高速光盘系统中抑制多谐波干扰的聚焦控制系统
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197015
Tatsuya Nakazaki, Tokoku Ogata, K. Ohishi, T. Miyazaki, D. Koide, Y. Takano, H. Tokumaru
Recently, the size of digital content has continued to increase; therefore digital storage media have been required to increase capacity by narrowing the track pitch and the gap length between the optical head and the disk. On the other hand, anew optical disk has achieved a rotation speed of over 15,000 rpm. To meet these demands, several control systems for optical disks are proposed to achieve high-precision tracking control. In this paper, a high-precision focusing control system is proposed. The proposed control system consists of a feedback controller and a feedforward controller. The feedback controller design is based on a high-gain servo controller (HGSC). The feedforward controller design is based on a zero phase error tracking (ZPET) controller and an additional loop for suppressing multi-harmonic disturbances. The experimental results show the proposed control system has a fine focusing performance against fundamental periodic disturbances and high-order disturbances.
最近,数字内容的规模不断增加;因此,数字存储媒体被要求通过缩小磁道间距和光学磁头与磁盘之间的间隙长度来增加容量。另一方面,新型光盘的转速已超过15,000转/分钟。为了满足这些要求,提出了几种光盘控制系统,以实现高精度的跟踪控制。本文提出了一种高精度调焦控制系统。该控制系统由一个反馈控制器和一个前馈控制器组成。反馈控制器的设计基于高增益伺服控制器(HGSC)。前馈控制器设计基于零相位误差跟踪(ZPET)控制器和抑制多谐波干扰的附加环路。实验结果表明,该控制系统对基本周期扰动和高阶扰动具有良好的聚焦性能。
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引用次数: 2
Derivation of nonlinear dynamic model of novel pneumatic artificial muscle manipulator with a magnetorheological brake 新型带磁流变制动器气动人工肌肉机械臂非线性动力学模型的推导
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197020
H. Tomori, Y. Midorikawa, Taro Nakamura
An artificial rubber muscle was used as an actuator in the present study because it was safe for the muscle manipulator to come into contact with the human body. However, this actuator vibrates and can cause late responses because of the air pressure that is applied to the manipulation. We have built a magnetorheological (MR) brake that uses MR fluid with fast response into the joint to control the vibration. In this paper, we have described the manipulator's dynamic characteristics by construction of a model for improvement of the control performance of the MR brake. Furthermore, a simulation was performed using the model and efficient braking by the MR brake was achieved.
由于肌肉机械臂与人体接触是安全的,本研究采用人造橡胶肌肉作为执行器。然而,由于施加在操作上的空气压力,这种致动器会振动,并可能导致延迟响应。我们已经建立了一个磁流变(MR)制动器,使用具有快速响应的磁流变流体进入关节来控制振动。在本文中,我们通过建立一个模型来描述机械手的动态特性,以改善磁流变制动器的控制性能。利用该模型进行了仿真,实现了磁流变制动器的高效制动。
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引用次数: 7
Torque-control based compliant actuation of a quadruped robot 基于转矩控制的四足机器人柔性驱动
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197133
Michele Focchi, Thiago Boaventura, C. Semini, M. Frigerio, J. Buchli, D. Caldwell
In the realm of legged locomotion, being compliant to external unperceived impacts is crucial when negotiating unstructured terrain. Impedance control is a useful framework to allow the robot to follow reference trajectories and, at the same time, handle external disturbances. To implement impedance control, high performance torque control in all joints is of great importance. In this paper, the torque control for the electric joints of the HyQ robot is described and its performance assessed. HyQ is a quadruped robot which has hybrid actuation: hydraulic and electric. This work complements our previous work, in which the torque control for the hydraulic joints was addressed. Subsequently, we describe the implementation of an impedance controller for the HyQ leg. Experimental results assess the tracking capability of a desired Cartesian force at the end-effector under the action of external disturbances. Another set of experiments involves the tracking and the shaping of different desired stiffness behaviors (stiffness ellipses) at the foot.
在腿部运动的领域,当通过非结构化地形时,适应外部无法感知的影响是至关重要的。阻抗控制是一个有用的框架,允许机器人跟随参考轨迹,同时处理外部干扰。为了实现阻抗控制,对各关节进行高性能转矩控制是非常重要的。本文介绍了HyQ机器人电关节的转矩控制,并对其性能进行了评价。HyQ是一种四足机器人,具有液压和电动混合驱动。这项工作补充了我们之前的工作,其中解决了液压接头的扭矩控制问题。随后,我们描述了HyQ腿的阻抗控制器的实现。实验结果评估了在外部干扰作用下末端执行器的理想笛卡儿力的跟踪能力。另一组实验涉及跟踪和塑造不同期望的刚度行为(刚度椭圆)在脚下。
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引用次数: 32
Total harmonic distortion of haptic modal information for analysis of human fingertip motion 基于总谐波畸变的人体指尖运动模态信息分析
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197114
T. Shimono, Yoshiyuki Hatta, N. Motoi
This paper proposes an evaluation index for the analysis of the motion complexity in parallel multi-degrees-of-freedom (MDOF) haptic system. Firstly, the modal decomposition based on discrete Fourier series expansion (DFS) is described. Modal information expresses a motion element that corresponds to a specific physical action. The modal information can be defined by the Fourier coefficients. This paper proposes a total harmonic distortion (THD) of the haptic modal information as a haptic motion index. The utility of the proposed index is confirmed from the experimental results on the bilateral motion control of MDOF haptic system.
提出了一种用于分析并联多自由度触觉系统运动复杂度的评价指标。首先,描述了基于离散傅立叶级数展开(DFS)的模态分解。模态信息表示对应于特定物理动作的运动元素。模态信息可以用傅里叶系数来定义。本文提出了触觉模态信息的总谐波失真(THD)作为触觉运动指标。通过对多自由度触觉系统的双侧运动控制实验,验证了该指标的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Two approaches to bounded jerk trajectory planning 有界推力轨迹规划的两种方法
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197130
Branislav Konjevic, M. Puncec, Z. Kovačić
This paper presents two different approaches to trajectory planning that provide boundedness of position, velocity, acceleration and jerk. To achieve that goal on all segments of the planned trajectory, the first approach combines fifth-order and fourth-order polynomials, while the second one separates a velocity profile from a given path. Using a minimal path traversal time criterion for both approaches, the methods were tested and verified on a selected trajectory for a three degrees of freedom (DOF) planar articulated robot.
本文提出了两种不同的轨迹规划方法,提供了位置、速度、加速度和加速度的有界性。为了在计划轨迹的所有部分上实现这一目标,第一种方法结合了五阶和四阶多项式,而第二种方法将速度剖面从给定路径中分离出来。采用最小路径遍历时间准则,在三自由度平面关节机器人的选定轨迹上对两种方法进行了测试和验证。
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引用次数: 1
Acceleration control of stacked piezoelectric actuator utilizing disturbance observer and reaction force observer 基于扰动观测器和反作用力观测器的叠加式压电驱动器加速度控制
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197129
Shinnosuke Yamaoka, T. Nozaki, D. Yashiro, K. Ohnishi
Stacked piezoelectric actuators are suitable for micro manipulation since it has a high positional resolution and large generative force. However, it is difficult to control acceleration of piezoelectric actuator because of its hysteresis characteristic and spring characteristic. Therefore in this paper, piezo disturbance observer (PDOB) is proposed. Because PDOB treats hysteresis characteristic and spring characteristic as disturbance and compensates these elements, acceleration control is achieved. In addition, piezo reaction force observer (PRFOB) is proposed. By eliminating spring force from disturbance, PRFOB estimates the reaction force without utilizing any force sensors. Validities of PDOB and PRFOB are verified by experiments. Finally, experiment of micro-macro bilateral control (MMBC) constructed a master system and slave system is performed. The master system is a linear motor with conventional disturbance observer (DOB) and reaction force observer (RFOB). The slave system is a stacked piezoelectric actuator with PDOB and PRFOB. It achieved MMBC between a linear motor and a piezoelectric actuator.
堆叠式压电驱动器具有较高的位置分辨率和较大的生成力,适合于微操作。然而,由于压电驱动器的滞回特性和弹簧特性,使其加速度控制变得困难。为此,本文提出了压电扰动观测器(PDOB)。由于PDOB将磁滞特性和弹簧特性作为扰动进行补偿,实现了加速度控制。此外,还提出了压电反作用力观测器(PRFOB)。通过消除来自扰动的弹簧力,PRFOB估计反作用力而不使用任何力传感器。实验验证了PDOB和PRFOB的有效性。最后,进行了构建主系统和从系统的微宏观双边控制实验。主系统是一个带常规扰动观测器(DOB)和反作用力观测器(RFOB)的直线电机。从动系统是由PDOB和PRFOB构成的堆叠式压电驱动器。实现了直线电机与压电驱动器之间的MMBC。
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引用次数: 9
A method of joint torque control for a tendon-driven system 一种肌腱驱动系统关节转矩控制方法
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197107
Uichiro Nishio, T. Nozaki, K. Ohnishi
It is hoped that robots are utilized in environments where human lives. Robots should work safely and perform complicated tasks. For safety, precise force control and lightweight mechanism are important because robots contact with human. In order to perform complicated tasks, multi-degrees-of-freedom system is needed. Tendon-driven system is able to achieve precise motion control and complicated tasks. In this system, wires are utilized as force transmission. Therefore, the system can achieve lightweight robot and can generate large joint torque. However, each joint torque interferes mutually because the tendons are attached to each link. Tendon tension must be kept over zero because the tendons can only generate traction force. In this paper, an inverse matrix of transposed Jacobian matrix with tension control was proposed in order to achieve tension control and torque control. This inverse matrix contains two conditions. One is the condition of joint torque control. The other is the condition that the minimum value of tendon tension is kept zero. In addition, the minimum value of tendon tension can be easily changed by bias force. Simulation results and experimental results show the validity of the proposed method.
希望机器人能在人类生活的环境中使用。机器人应该安全地工作并执行复杂的任务。由于机器人与人接触,为了保证安全,精确的力控制和轻便的机构是很重要的。为了完成复杂的任务,需要多自由度系统。肌腱驱动系统能够实现精确的运动控制和复杂的任务。在这个系统中,电线被用作力的传递。因此,该系统可以实现机器人的轻量化,并能产生较大的关节扭矩。然而,每个关节扭矩相互干扰,因为肌腱附着在每个环节上。肌腱张力必须保持在零以上,因为肌腱只能产生牵引力。本文提出了一种带张力控制的转置雅可比矩阵逆矩阵,以实现张力控制和转矩控制。这个逆矩阵包含两个条件。一是关节转矩控制的条件。另一种是肌腱张力最小值为零的情况。此外,肌腱张力的最小值很容易被偏置力改变。仿真和实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Nonlinear two-dimensional modeling of a McPherson suspension for kinematics and dynamics simulation McPherson悬架的非线性二维建模及其运动学和动力学仿真
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197009
Jorge Hurel, A. Mandow, A. García-Cerezo
This paper proposes a systematic and comprehensive development of a nonlinear two-dimensional mathematical quarter-car model of the McPherson suspension. The model considers not only vertical motion of the sprung mass (chassis) but also rotation and translation for the unsprung mass (wheel assembly). Furthermore, this model includes the wheel mass and its inertia moment about the longitudinal axis. This work improves the conventional quarter-car model by incorporating both the suspension geometry and the tyre lateral stiffness, which allows analyzing variations in kinematic parameters, such as camber angle and track width. Besides, the paper offers an implementation of the model using Matlab-Simulink, whose dynamics and kinematics have been validated against a realistic two-dimensional model developed with the Adams View program.
本文系统、全面地建立了麦弗逊悬架的二维非线性四分之一小车数学模型。该模型不仅考虑了簧载质量(底盘)的垂直运动,而且考虑了非簧载质量(车轮总成)的旋转和平移。此外,该模型还考虑了车轮质量及其绕轴转动惯量。这项工作通过将悬架几何形状和轮胎横向刚度结合起来,改进了传统的四分之一车模型,从而可以分析运动学参数的变化,如弧度角和轨道宽度。此外,本文还利用Matlab-Simulink对该模型进行了实现,并与Adams View程序开发的真实二维模型进行了动力学和运动学验证。
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引用次数: 27
Application of tension control into linear motor-actuated cable differential-driven joint 张力控制在直线电机驱动电缆差动接头中的应用
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197050
Tomoko Kawase, Keita Shimamoto, Kazuki Tanida, K. Ohnishi
Tendon-driven systems are one of efficient methods to downsize robots. This paper discusses application of tension control into a joint using cable differential. Cable differential is mechanism which allows two-degrees of freedom (DOF) in one joint. Controllers for the cable differential-driven joint are proposed in the paper. The joint is actuated by four linear motors. The controllers are designed regarding the tendon-driven system as a redundant system. In this way, tension control is considered as a task in the null space. This makes implementation of tension control stereotypical.
肌腱驱动系统是缩小机器人尺寸的有效方法之一。本文讨论了用索差速器控制接头张力的应用。电缆差速器是一种允许在一个关节上有两个自由度的机构。本文提出了电缆差动接头的控制器。该关节由四个直线电机驱动。将肌腱驱动系统作为冗余系统来设计控制器。这样,张力控制就被看作是零空间中的一个任务。这使得张力控制的实施变得老套。
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引用次数: 2
Anti-sway sliding-mode with trolley disturbance observer for overhead crane system 带小车扰动观测器的桥式起重机系统抗摇摆滑模
Pub Date : 2012-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/AMC.2012.6197014
J. Maneeratanaporn, T. Murakami
Moving the suspended load along a predefined trajectory as fast as possible is not an easy controlling task due to the residual swing at the end of travelling. In this paper, the overhead crane is fully automated with the high speed trajectory. Robust scheme, namely anti-sway sliding-mode with trolley disturbance observer (DOB), are implemented with overhead crane systems. The anti-sway sliding-mode is specially designed for underactuated nonlinear systems which is derived from Lyapunov law. The asymptotic stability of switching function is proved theoretically. The controller can eliminate the error toward their sliding surfaces. Furthermore, trolley disturbance observer is also implemented to enhance the robustness. An obvious advantage of this kind of controller is based on simple control scheme however it can guarantee the robustness, speed convergence and swing suppression. In this paper, Experiment results are presented to show the superiority of the anti-sway sliding-mode with actuator's disturbance observer by comparing the effectiveness with PD controller assisting with Lyapunov based anti-sway controller and anti-sway sliding mode without disturbance observer. Not only that, but also the filtering technique is employed to eliminate chattering effect.
由于运动结束时的残余摆动,使悬挂载荷沿预定轨迹尽可能快地移动并不是一件容易的控制任务。在本文中,桥式起重机是完全自动化的高速轨道。针对桥式起重机系统,提出了一种带有小车扰动观测器的抗摇摆滑模鲁棒方案。抗摇摆滑模是专门为欠驱动非线性系统设计的,由李雅普诺夫定律推导而来。从理论上证明了切换函数的渐近稳定性。该控制器可以消除对其滑动面的误差。此外,还引入了小车扰动观测器,增强了系统的鲁棒性。该控制器的明显优点是控制方案简单,但能保证鲁棒性、速度收敛性和摆动抑制性。通过对比PD控制器辅助Lyapunov抗摆控制器与无扰动观测器的抗摆滑模的有效性,实验结果表明了带有扰动观测器的抗摆滑模的优越性。不仅如此,还采用了滤波技术来消除抖振效应。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2012 12th IEEE International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control (AMC)
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