Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

The synthesis and crystallographic stability of Cs⁺-doped Na₂ZrO₃ perovskite were explored to enhance optical properties and CO₂ sorption at low temperatures (500 °C). Perovskite nanoparticles ((sim) 20 nm) crystallize in monoclinic C 2/c symmetry and undergo a partial transformation to a new rhombohedral (Hex) (Roverline{3 }m) symmetry during synthesis. The newly obtained atomic coordinates are discussed with respect to their Wyckoff site multiplicity. The incorporation of Cs⁺ significantly improves perovskite stability (from t = 0.807 to t = 0.916). Optical band gap analysis reveals a reduction in photon energy from 3.91 to 3.54 eV, making it a promising photonic material due to its low phonon energy ((ge 430 {{text{cm}}}^{-1})). Additionally, Cs concentration induces a porous structure that enhances CO₂ capture capacity, as observed in CO₂ sorption analysis.

Nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) has a rich microporous structure and nitrogen-rich units, and its nitrogen-containing group can interact strongly with the PEO chain segment of Pebax, synergistically improving its CO₂ adsorption ability and interface compatibility. This work prepared three types of triazine-based NPCs with mesoporous and high N-content and added NPCs to Pebax-2533 to prepare NPC/Pebax-2533 MMMs. The effects of N-type, N-content, and pore structure of NPCs on the gas separation performance of MMMs were studied. Constructing a continuous meso-microporous structure within the membrane and adding alkaline N-containing groups were beneficial for promoting rapid CO₂ transport. Among the three NPCs, NPC-1/Pebax MMMs prepared using NPC-1 with the highest N-content (10.91%) and suitable pore structure exhibited the best gas separation performance. To investigate the gas transport mechanism of NPC in MMMs, NPC-1 was added to Pebax-2533 and Pebax-1657. The permeability of 3NPC-1/Pebax-2533 MMMs and 0.5NPC-1/Pebax-1657 MMMs reached 423 Barrer and 178 Barrer, with a CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 61 and 75.8, respectively, both higher than the Pebax-2533 and Pebax-1657. Adding NPC-1 to Pebax-2533 and Pebax-1657 increased the solubility and diffusivity coefficient of MMMs by 40 ~ 80%, and the gas separation performance did not rapidly decrease after long-term stability of 120 h (15%CO₂/N₂). Compared with NPC-1/Pebax-1657 MMMs, NPC-1/Pebax-2533 MMMs had higher CO₂ permeability, mechanical properties, solubility, and diffusivity coefficient. The above results indicated that NPC was more suitable for Pebax-2533.

Design of experiments is a powerful planning technique that optimizes processes and reduces experimental variability. This research aims to optimize the hydrothermal synthesis of TiO₂ nanotubes with a high specific surface area (SSA). A 2² factorial design was applied to investigate the influence of temperature and time on nanotube formation, achieving SSA above 350 m² g⁻¹. A Doehlert design combining SSA with morphology reveals closely related responses and a defined maximum surface. Microscopy shows that nanotube formation is favored at lower temperatures and longer treatment times, with the optimal condition at 120 °C for 36 h. Higher temperatures yield cauliflower-like nanostructures and provide insight into how synthesis conditions affect the morphology and nanoparticle properties. XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed that, although the anatase phase played a vital role in nanotube formation, the materials exhibited a combination of crystalline phases, including the discovery of an unidentified phase.

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This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of recyclable nano-adsorbents of magnetic nanocomposites (Fe₃O₄@ZnO-RGO). The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were used as magnetic responders, ZnO coated on the surface of Fe₃O₄ not only captured Cu²⁺ but also prevented the oxidation of Fe₃O₄, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) acted as Fe₃O₄@ZnO carrying platform could effectively adsorb Cu²⁺. The physical and chemical performance characterization suggested that the nano-adsorbents had stable structure, good hydrophilicity, and magnetic properties. Furthermore, the research results on adsorption performance indicated that the Fe₃O₄@ZnO-RGO had high adsorption properties for Cu²⁺, and the adsorption rate could reach more than 98%. The adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir model and second-order adsorption kinetics, and the adsorption of Cu²⁺ was mainly chemisorption, accompanied by physical adsorption. In addition, because of the special magnetic response performance, Fe₃O₄@ZnO-RGO could be quickly separated from the solutions for cyclic adsorption so as to avoid secondary pollution. This provided a valuable idea for the effective development of clean and efficient Cu²⁺ adsorbents, and the Fe₃O₄@ZnO-RGO had great application potential in the field of Cu²⁺ wastewater treatment.

Breast and prostate cancers are prevalent in women and men, respectively. The process of metastasis plays a crucial role in cancer advancement. Herein, two distinct forms of gold nanoparticles (GNP) were prepared and modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to create gold nanorods-BSA (GNR-BSA) and gold nanospheres-BSA (GNS-BSA). Various aspects of biological interactions of these nanoparticles with two prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145 and PC-3) and a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) have been investigated. The cell viability of DU-145 and PC-3 ranged from 17 to 95% across concentrations of 0.55 to 34.5 µg/mL and for MDA-MB-231 ranged from 17 to 85%. GNS-BSA exhibited no significant cytotoxicity against the cancer cell lines. Regarding cellular uptake, GNR-BSA demonstrated uptake rates of 10%, 14%, and 5% for DU-145, PC-3, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, respectively, while GNS-BSA showed uptake of less than 0.4% for all the cell lines investigated. Notably, GNR-BSA significantly impeded the cellular migration of DU-145 and PC-3 cells over 48 h (hr) and MDA-MB-231 cells over 24 h compared to controls. GNS-BSA inhibited cell migration over 48 h (hr) for DU-145 and over 24 h for PC-3 and MDA-MB-231. Adhesion assay showed a moderate reduction of PC-3 adhesion ability ((sim) 20%) by GNS-BSA, while a minimum effect was observed on DU-145 ((sim) 5%). GNR-BSA has minimally affected the adhesion ability of both PC-3 ((sim) 8%) and DU-145 ((sim) 13%), and no adhesion ability reduction was observed on MDA-MB-231 by both GNR-BSA or GNS-BSA. This study suggests that GNP-BSA could be promising potential agents for combating cancer and inhibiting cellular invasion, and they could serve as promising platforms for drug delivery.

Nanostructures of a cobalt(II) metal–organic framework (MOF), denoted as 4,4′,4″-s-triazin-1,3,5-triyltri-p-aminobenzoate (TATAB) [[Co₂(TATAB)(OH)(H₂O)₂].H₂O.0.6O]_n {1}, were successfully synthesized using two different experimental techniques: solvothermal and sonochemical strategies. Remarkably, both methods yielded an identical crystal structure. Various characterization techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), were employed to analyze all the compounds. Compound contains cobalt ions (Co²⁺) that were determined to be six-coordinated through the analysis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD). The effect of various factors such as temperature, reaction time, reactant concentration, and ultrasonic energy on the synthesis and final morphology of the compounds obtained by sonochemical method was investigated. Finally, Hirshfeld surface analysis (HAS) of compound was conducted. The molecular descriptors obtained at the BLYP/6–311 + + g (d, p) level of theory framework indicate a unique electronic structure for this complex, characterized by low chemical hardness (η = 1.702 eV), high electrophilicity (ω = 3.637 eV), and a narrow HOMO–LUMO gap (1.55 eV). These descriptors suggest that this complex can be considered a favorable nucleophile in interactions with proteins.

Lung cancer is a complicated thoracic malignancy globally, resulting in molecular, biomolecular, and signaling pathway abnormalities. It is the most lethal form of cancer among males and females of all age groups. The annual incidence rate is 12%, and the death rate is 15% reported. The paradigm of gloomy diagnosis in the early stage of the diseases and metastatic/resistant tumor cell populations reinforces the necessary multidisciplinary advanced adaptive research procedures like molecular targeting and nanotechnology. This review emphasizes pivotal research on advanced novel treatment strategies for the management of lung cancer and under this, the application of molecular targeting, i.e., EGFR inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, ROS1 inhibitors, and ALK inhibitors with nanocarrier approaches such as liposomes, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles, biomimetic nanocarriers, and SLNs has been described. In the nanotechnology approach, the tremendous role of nanoparticles as drug carriers, bionanocarriers, and nanotheranostics is briefly illustrated.

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FeNi nanoparticles are promising candidates for the magnetic cores of transformers and inductors operating at high frequencies. When applied to magnetic cores, reducing the coercive force (Hc) is crucial to suppress heat generation. Face-centered cubic FeNi is a low Hc material with two phases: a disordered phase and an ordered phase. The disordered phase exhibits the lowest Hc in Fe-78.5%Ni, while the ordered phase has the lowest Hc in Fe-64%Ni. These phases can be controlled through specific heat-treatment conditions. However, an in-depth investigation into the relationship between heat treatment, crystal structure, and Hc of FeNi nanoparticles has not been conducted until now. In this study, we elucidated the changes in the crystal structure, and Hc of Fe-64%Ni and Fe-78.5%Ni nanoparticles synthesized through a diffusion-based liquid-phase method employing heat treatment to reduce Hc. Initially, the Fe-78.5%Ni nanoparticles demonstrated low Hc but also low saturation magnetization (Ms). Upon performing heat treatment to enhance Ms, an increase in Hc occurred due to the transformation from the disordered phase changes to the ordered phase. Consequently, achieving both low Hc and high Ms proved challenging. Conversely, Fe-64%Ni nanoparticles exhibited high Hc and Ms in their synthesized state. However, through heat treatment, Hc could be lowered owing to the disordered-ordered transition. Therefore, by controlling the composition and crystal phase, FeNi nanoparticles with low Hc and high Ms can be obtained. Notably, Fe-64%Ni with the ordered phase heat-treated at 250 °C exhibited the lowest Hc.

Understanding and controlling the sintering behaviour of gold nanoparticles is important in the field of ligand-protected nanoparticles for their use as precursors for thin film fabrication. Lowering the temperature of the sintering event of gold nanoparticles by facilitating desorption of the ligand through oxidation can provide compatibility of sintered gold nanoparticle thin films onto heat-sensitive substrates. Here we examine the processes by which 1-butanethiol-protected gold nanoparticles sinter under an ozone-rich environment. Upon heating, an ozone-rich environment significantly reduces the temperature of the sintering event when compared to sintering under ambient conditions. At room temperature, exposure to an ozone-rich environment induces sintering over a period of 2.5 h. Upon exposure to ozone, the surface-bound butanethiol ligands are oxidised to 1-butanesulfonic acid which facilitates sintering.

Nanocomposites of (Mg₀.₉Ni_0.1O)_x/(CoFe₂O₄)_1-x, with 0 (le) x (le) 1 in weight fractions, were synthesized through the co-precipitation method followed by high-speed ball milling. The investigation of the structural, optical, and magnetic properties was conducted for the synthesized samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of CoFe₂O₄ and Mg_0.9Ni_0.1O distinct phases in the nanocomposites without any detectable impurities or minor phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) revealed the presence of spherical particles in both the individual phases and their nanocomposites. Raman spectroscopy exhibited strong, well-defined modes for CoFe₂O₄, indicating its spinel phase formation, while Mg₀.₉Ni_0.1O displayed two broad peaks (G and D bands). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilized to analyze the elemental compositions and oxidation states (Co²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, and O²⁻). The magnetic measurements revealed the soft ferromagnetic behavior of pure cobalt ferrite and a combination of weak ferromagnetism and paramagnetic behavior at high magnetic fields for pure Mg₀.₉Ni_0.1O.