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Simulation Studies on Comparative Evaluation of Waterflooding and Gas Injection in Niger Delta Thin-Bed Reservoir 尼日尔三角洲薄层油藏注水与注气对比评价模拟研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2022.71005
U. Obibuike, A. Kerunwa, M. Udechukwu, S. Ekwueme
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引用次数: 1
Study on a Polyamine-Based Anti-Collapse Drilling Fluid System 聚胺基抗塌钻井液体系的研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2022.73011
Wenwu Zheng, F. Liu, Jing Han, Binbin He, Shunyuan Zhang, Qi Cao, Xiong Wang, Xintong Li
In complex strata, oil-based drilling fluid is the preferred drilling fluid system, but its preparation cost is high, and there are hidden safety risks. Therefore, the new progress of high-performance anti-collapse water-based drilling fluid at home and abroad is analyzed. It is difficult to prevent and control the well collapse. Once the well wall instability problem occurs, it will often bring huge economic losses to the enterprises, and the underground safety accidents will occur. In order to ensure the stability of the well wall and improve the downhole safety, the key treatment agent of water-based collapse drilling fluid is selected, the anti-collapse drilling fluid system is formulated, the evaluation method of drilling fluid prevention performance is established, and a set of water-based drilling fluid system suitable for easy to collapse strata in China is selected to ensure the downhole safety. The development trend of high performance anti-collapse water-based drilling fluid is expected to provide a reference for the research of high performance anti-collapse water-based drilling fluid system and key treatment agent.
在复杂地层中,油基钻井液是首选的钻井液体系,但其制备成本高,存在安全隐患。因此,分析了国内外高性能抗塌水基钻井液的新进展。井塌是防治的难点。井壁失稳问题一旦发生,往往会给企业带来巨大的经济损失,并发生井下安全事故。为保证井壁稳定,提高井下安全性,选择了水基塌陷钻井液关键处理药剂,制定了防塌钻井液体系,建立了钻井液防塌性能评价方法,选择了一套适合国内易塌陷地层的水基钻井液体系,确保井下安全。高性能抗塌水基钻井液的发展趋势有望为高性能抗塌水基钻井液体系及关键处理药剂的研究提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Plugging Technology in Oil Test 油试堵漏技术研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2022.74014
Xiong Wang, L. Liao, R. Bai, F. Liu, Wenwu Zheng, Song Wang
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引用次数: 0
Contribution to the Characterization of Carbonate Rocks of the Nganzi Oil Exploration Block (Onshore of the DR Congo Coastal Basin) 对甘孜石油勘探区块(刚果(金)海岸盆地陆上)碳酸盐岩特征的贡献
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2022.73009
Dominique Wetshondo Osomba, Patrick Lokata Ediho, Shams Mbundi Diambu, Bruno Deko Oyema, Benjamin Safari Kachunga, Jean Ondontshia Nkoyi, Link Bukasa Muamba, Joel Kabesa Kilungu
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引用次数: 0
Subvolcanic Rock Petroleum System Potential in the South Malang Region, East Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚东爪哇南马朗地区的次火山岩油气系统潜力
Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2021.64013
C. Prasetyadi, Achmad Subandrio, M. G. Rachman, Antu Ridha Falkhan Barizi, Guntor Suryo Putro
The South Malang Region is located in the south-eastern part of the Southern Mountain Volcanic Arc; it presents different opportunities for hydrocarbon exploration. The stratigraphy of the study area from old to young consists of Oligocene Volcanic rocks (Mandalika, Watupatok, and Arjosari Formation), Early Miocene Carbonates (Campurdarat and Jaten Formation), Middle Miocene Volcanic (Wuni Formation), Late Miocene-Pliocene Carbonates (Nampol, Oyo, and Wonosari Formation), and Holocene alluvial deposits (Kalipucang Formation). The dominance of volcanic rocks makes this area considered an area without hydrocarbon play prospects. Petroleum system potential is revealed by evaluating and analyzing potential source rock and reservoir rock outcrop samples. The study shows that the Nampol Formation can be considered as a gas-prone source rock, with type III kerogen, total organic content ranging from 3.48 - 26.18 wt%, and possess the potential to produce good to very good hydrocarbons and a hydrogen index ranging from 43 to 86 mgHC/g TOC. Furthermore, rock core analysis and petrographic studies were carried out on the Nampol sandstone where the rock samples showed good reservoir properties. However, the Nampol and Wonosari limestone that was considered as the secondary target for reservoir possesses a low quality of reservoir properties. This study shows that there is a potential for petroleum system existence in the Southern Mountain subvolcanic arc, which is indicated by the presence of source rock and potential reservoir rock as one of the various elements and processes present in a petroleum system.
南马朗地区位于南山火山弧的东南部;它为油气勘探提供了不同的机会。研究区从老到幼的地层由渐新世火山岩(Mandalika、Watupatok和Arjosari组)、早中新世碳酸盐岩(Campurdarat和Jaten组)、中新世火山岩(Wuni组)、晚中新世上新世碳酸盐岩(Nampol、Oyo和Wonosari组)和全新世冲积层(Kalipugang组)组成。火山岩的优势使该地区被认为是一个没有油气远景的地区。通过对潜在烃源岩和储集岩露头样品的评价和分析,揭示了油气系统潜力。研究表明,Nampol组可被认为是一种易生气的烃源岩,具有III型干酪根,总有机质含量在3.48-26.18 wt%之间,具有生产良好至非常良好碳氢化合物的潜力,氢指数在43至86 mgHC/g TOC之间。此外,对Nampol砂岩进行了岩芯分析和岩相研究,岩石样本显示出良好的储层性质。然而,Nampol和Wonosari石灰岩被认为是储层的次要目标,其储层性质质量较低。这项研究表明,南山次火山弧中存在石油系统的潜力,其表现为作为石油系统中存在的各种元素和过程之一的烃源岩和潜在储集岩的存在。
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引用次数: 1
Laboratory Study on 210°C High Temperature and Salt Resistant Drilling Fluid 210°C高温耐盐钻井液的室内研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2021.63008
Xintong Li, Qi Cao, Li He, Shunyuan Zhang, Song Wang
Combined with the current research status in this area at home and abroad, with the improvement of salt and high temperature resistance as the research goal, the laboratory research of salt and high temperature resistant drilling fluid system has been carried out, and lubricants, inhibitors and stabilizers have been optimized. The final drilling fluid formula is: water + 3% sepiolite + 0.3% Na2CO3 + 3% RH-225 + 3% KCOOH + 3% G-SPH + 3% CQA-10 + 1.5% ZX-1 + Xinjiang barite, density 2.2 g/cm3, using hot-rolling furnace, environmental scanning electron microscope, high temperature and high pressure plugging instrument and Zeiss microscopes and other instruments use core immersion experiments, permeability recovery value experiments, and static stratification index methods to perform temperature resistance, reservoir protection, plugging performance, and static settlement stability performance of the configured drilling fluid., Inhibition performance, biological toxicity, salt resistance, anti-pollution performance have been tested, and it is concluded that the temperature resistance is good under the condition of 210°C, and the salt resistance can meet the requirements of 20% NaCl + 0.5% CaCl2 concentration. It has a good reservoir protection effect, the permeability recovery value can reach more than 90%, the performance of restraining water dispersion and cuttings expansion is good, the heat roll recovery rate can reach more than 85%, and the SSSI value shows that its settlement stability performance is good; Its plugging performance is good under high temperature and high pressure. It laid the foundation for the next step to promote the field application of the drilling fluid system.
结合目前国内外该领域的研究现状,以提高耐盐性和耐高温性为研究目标,开展了耐盐性和耐高温钻井液体系的实验室研究,并对润滑剂、抑制剂和稳定剂进行了优化。最终的钻井液配方为:水+ 3%海泡石+ 0.3% Na2CO3 + 3% RH-225 + 3% KCOOH + 3% g - sph + 3% CQA-10 + 1.5% ZX-1 +新疆重晶石,密度2.2 g/cm3,采用热轧炉、环境扫描电镜、高温高压堵漏仪和蔡斯显微镜等仪器采用岩心浸泡实验、渗透率恢复值实验、静态分层指数等方法进行耐温、储层保护、堵漏性能研究。以及所配制钻井液的静沉降稳定性能。对其缓蚀性能、生物毒性、耐盐性、抗污染性能进行了测试,得出在210℃条件下耐温性能良好,耐盐性可满足20% NaCl + 0.5% CaCl2浓度的要求。具有良好的储层保护效果,渗透率恢复值可达90%以上,抑制水分散和岩屑膨胀性能良好,热滚回收率可达85%以上,SSSI值表明其沉降稳定性能良好;其在高温高压下的堵塞性能良好。为下一步推进该钻井液体系的现场应用奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Reservoir Fluid Substitution Effect in Heterogeneous Seismic Model 非均质地震模型中的储层流体替代效应
Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2021.63009
Wei Zhang, Mingjing Gui, Qing Zhao, Mengling Liu, Xinyue Liu, Xinyi Zhang
Based on the difference of wave impedance between sand layer and surrounding rock, the seismic wave numerical simulation software, Tesseral-2D is used to establish the sandstone formation model containing water, oil and gas respectively, and the three models are treated by post-stack time offset under the conditions of defined channel spacing, wavelet frequency and wave velocity of different rock mass, and the root means square amplitude difference attribute profile under the condition of water-filled oil-filled and gas-filled oil-filled is obtained. From this, it can be obtained that after oil-gas substitution occurs in weak non-mean reservoirs, the root-mean-square amplitude difference from the reservoir to the lower part of the reservoir experiences a mutation process from a positive maximum to a negative maximum, while after oil-water substitution, the root-mean-square amplitude difference from the reservoir to the lower part of the reservoir experiences a mutation process from zero to a positive maximum. For a strong heterogeneous reservoir. Therefore, for Weak inhomogeneous media similar to tight sandstone, the root-mean-square amplitude difference attribute can be used to detect the distribution of fluid in the actual gas drive or water drive oil recovery process.
基于砂层与围岩波阻抗的差异,利用地震波数值模拟软件Tesseral-2D分别建立含水、含油、含气砂岩地层模型,在确定不同岩体的通道间距、小波频率和波速的条件下,对三个模型进行叠后时间偏移处理。得到了充水充油和充气充油两种情况下的均方根振幅差属性剖面图。由此可以得出,在弱非平均储层发生油气替代后,储层到储层下部的均方振幅差经历了从正最大值到负最大值的突变过程,而油水替代后,储层到储层下部的均方振幅差经历了从零到正最大值的突变过程。对于强非均质储层。因此,对于类似致密砂岩的弱非均质介质,可以利用均方根振幅差属性来检测实际气驱或水驱采油过程中的流体分布。
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引用次数: 0
Intelligent Recognition Method of Insufficient Fluid Supply of Oil Well Based on Convolutional Neural Network 基于卷积神经网络的油井供油不足智能识别方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2021.63011
Yanfeng He, Zhenlong Wang, B. Liu, Xiang Wang, Bing Li
Traditional methods for judging the degree of insufficient fluid supply in oil wells have low efficiency and limited accuracy. To address this problem, a method for intelligently identifying the degree of insufficient fluid supply in oil wells based on convolutional neural networks is proposed in this paper. Firstly, 5000 indicator diagrams with insufficient liquid supply were collected from the oilfield site, and a sample set was established after preprocessing; then based on the AlexNet model, combined with the characteristics of the indicator diagram, a convolutional neural network model including 4 layers of convolutional layers, 3 layers of down-pooling layers and 2 layers of fully connected layers is established. The backpropagation, ReLu activation function and dropout regularization method are used to complete the training of the convolutional neural network; finally, the performance of the convolutional neural network under different iteration times and network structure is compared, and the super parameter optimization of the model is completed. It has laid a good foundation for realizing the self-adaptive and intelligent matching of oil well production parameters and formation fluid supply conditions. It has certain application prospects. The results show that the accuracy of training and verification of the method exceeds 98%, which can meet the actual application requirements on site.
传统的判断油井供液不足程度的方法效率低,精度有限。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的油井供液不足程度智能识别方法。首先,从油田现场采集了5000张供液不足的指标图,经过预处理建立了样本集;然后基于AlexNet模型,结合指标图的特点,建立了包括4层卷积层、3层下池层和2层全连接层的卷积神经网络模型。使用反向传播、ReLu激活函数和丢弃正则化方法来完成卷积神经网络的训练;最后,比较了卷积神经网络在不同迭代次数和网络结构下的性能,完成了模型的超参数优化。为实现油井生产参数与地层供液条件的自适应智能匹配奠定了良好的基础。具有一定的应用前景。结果表明,该方法的训练和验证准确率超过98%,能够满足现场实际应用要求。
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引用次数: 1
Development and Application of TL-1 New High Temperature and High Pressure Plugging Instrument TL-1型新型高温高压堵漏仪的研制与应用
Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.4236/ojogas.2021.63010
Yanlin Zou, Chunzhi Luo, Baijing Wang, Huan Zhang, Chunjun Zhang
In view of the fact that most of the filter media of existing plugging evaluation instruments use steel plates or steel balls, which cannot truly simulate the characteristics of the formation, a new type of TL-1 high temperature and high pressure plugging instrument has been developed. The filter medium of the instrument is the natural stone with different cracks and quartz sand beds with different particle sizes, which can better simulate the adsorption and hang-up effect of the formation on the plugging agent. It is possible to evaluate the plugging effect, pressure-bearing capacity and return pressure of the plugging slurry for different cracks and sand beds of different sizes under different temperatures and pressures. Using new and old instruments to evaluate the plugging effect of the same plugging slurry, it is found that the plugging effect is different from the distribution of the plugging material on the crack surface, the plugging effect and the pressure bearing capacity. The instrument is stable and reliable in operation and simple in operation. It is a new instrument for conducting research on anti-leakage plugging materials and anti-leakage plugging drilling fluid systems.
针对现有封堵评价仪滤料多采用钢板或钢球,不能真实模拟地层特性的问题,研制了新型TL-1型高温高压封堵仪。仪器的过滤介质为不同裂缝的天然石材和不同粒径的石英砂床,能较好地模拟地层对堵剂的吸附和挂起作用。可以对不同裂缝、不同尺寸砂层在不同温度和压力下的封堵效果、承压能力和回压进行评价。采用新旧仪器对同一堵浆的堵效果进行评价,发现堵料在裂缝表面的分布、堵效果和承压能力不同,堵效果不同。仪器运行稳定可靠,操作简单。它是研究防漏堵漏材料和防漏堵漏钻井液体系的新仪器。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a SGJ-1 of Water-Based Anti-Wax Agent SGJ-1型水基防蜡剂的研制
Pub Date : 2021-03-03 DOI: 10.4236/OJOGAS.2021.62007
L. Liao, Wen-Xia Han, Qi Cao, Xintong Li, Li He, Song Wang
The phenomenon of petroleum wax deposition is very common during oil well production. When the wax molecule condenses on the surface of the pipeline, it will hinder the exploitation of crude oil, reduce the recovery rate of crude oil, and may lead to the blockage of the pipeline when it is serious, so that the oil recovery work will stop. This phenomenon can be obviously changed by using wax cleaning agent. However, the low ignition point and toxicity of oil-based wax remover are not conducive to oil recovery. Therefore, a new water-based paraffin remover SGJ-1 was developed in this paper. The best formula is: wax dispersant 15%, wetting reversion agent 1%, sodium silicate 1%, alcohol cosolvent 8% and 75% water. Condensation point, wax dissolution rate and anti-wax performance of SGJ-1 water-based dewaxing and anti-waxing agent were tested by self-assembly testing device. The experimental results show that the condensation point of SGJ-1 is -34°C, the viscosity reduction effect is good under 35°C, and the wax dissolution rate is 0.0512 g/min, The highest wax prevention rate can reach 89.58% and the wax removal and wax prevention ability is excellent. Compared with other paraffin removers, SGJ-1 can also reduce the viscosity of crude oil, so it has a good development prospect.
在油井生产过程中,石油蜡沉积现象十分普遍。当蜡分子凝结在管道表面时,会阻碍原油的开采,降低原油的回收率,严重时可能导致管道堵塞,使采油工作停止。使用蜡清洁剂可以明显改变这种现象。然而,油基除蜡剂的低着火点和毒性不利于采油。为此,本文研制了一种新型的水性清蜡剂SGJ-1。最佳配方为:蜡分散剂15%,润湿还原剂1%,硅酸钠1%,醇助溶剂8%,水75%。采用自组装测试装置对SGJ-1型水性脱蜡防蜡剂的凝点、溶蜡速率和防蜡性能进行了测试。实验结果表明,SGJ-1的凝点为-34°C,在35°C下降粘效果良好,溶蜡率为0.0512g/min,最高防蜡率可达89.58%,除蜡防蜡能力优异。与其他除蜡剂相比,SGJ-1还能降低原油粘度,具有良好的开发前景。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
长江油气:英文版
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