Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8540.19147
Chun-Man Liao, F. Hille, D. Barroso, E. Niederleithinger
{"title":"MONITORING OF A PRESTRESSED BRIDGE MODEL BY ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENT AND VIBRATION RECORDINGS","authors":"Chun-Man Liao, F. Hille, D. Barroso, E. Niederleithinger","doi":"10.7712/120121.8540.19147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8540.19147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81126283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8870.19422
Juan Sebastián Cundumí García, Orlando Cundumí Sánchez
During the last few years, different methodologies have been developed for the analysis of the structural seismic response, such as the performance-based design, the systems of energy dissipation, seismic isolation. Based on these efforts, a number of devices, known collectively as protection systems have emerged. They are divided into three types of systems: passive, active, and semi-active. Passive systems dissipate energy through friction, viscous fluid dampers, and inelastic behavior of the material, among others. On the other hand, active control systems can be implemented by applying time varying forces to counteract those imposed by the excitation. which can be active, passive, semi-active, active, etc. This paper presents the response of the structure when it enters the nonlinear range and is being controlled by the Viscous Damper. To obtain the nonlinear response of the structure system through numerical simulation are used the Methodologies of ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16. To examine the behavior of the structures and the application of each methodology, simulations using concrete frames of 5, 7 and 11-story buildings were performed. The models were subjected to the horizontal components of different earthquakes, for the ASCE 7-10 were used three earthquakes, for the ASCE 7-16 were used seven earthquakes. These seismic records are subjected to a matching process to obtain records that match the corresponding building code design spectrum for a high seismic risk zone. The history displacement and acceleration results were compared with those obtained with the uncontrolled structure with nonlinear behavior.
{"title":"COMPARISON BETWEEN DYNAMIC NONLINEAR ANALYSIS WITH ASCE 7-10 AND ASCE 7-16 IN CONCRETE FRAMES WITH VISCOUS DAMPERS INCORPORATED","authors":"Juan Sebastián Cundumí García, Orlando Cundumí Sánchez","doi":"10.7712/120121.8870.19422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8870.19422","url":null,"abstract":"During the last few years, different methodologies have been developed for the analysis of the structural seismic response, such as the performance-based design, the systems of energy dissipation, seismic isolation. Based on these efforts, a number of devices, known collectively as protection systems have emerged. They are divided into three types of systems: passive, active, and semi-active. Passive systems dissipate energy through friction, viscous fluid dampers, and inelastic behavior of the material, among others. On the other hand, active control systems can be implemented by applying time varying forces to counteract those imposed by the excitation. which can be active, passive, semi-active, active, etc. This paper presents the response of the structure when it enters the nonlinear range and is being controlled by the Viscous Damper. To obtain the nonlinear response of the structure system through numerical simulation are used the Methodologies of ASCE 7-10 and ASCE 7-16. To examine the behavior of the structures and the application of each methodology, simulations using concrete frames of 5, 7 and 11-story buildings were performed. The models were subjected to the horizontal components of different earthquakes, for the ASCE 7-10 were used three earthquakes, for the ASCE 7-16 were used seven earthquakes. These seismic records are subjected to a matching process to obtain records that match the corresponding building code design spectrum for a high seismic risk zone. The history displacement and acceleration results were compared with those obtained with the uncontrolled structure with nonlinear behavior.","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"704 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85396098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8595.18759
G. Angelucci, G. Quaranta, F. Mollaioli
. It is generally presumed that the design of tall buildings is mainly dictated by wind loads rather than seismic actions because of the high flexibility and, therefore, long natural periods. However, slender buildings exhibit a complex dynamic behavior, and the involvement of higher modes can result in higher flexural and shear demands than expected. Overlooking the importance of strength, stiffness, and stability requirements in seismic design of tall buildings can thus leads to excessive damage, large residual deformations, and even failure. In this regard, since pure rigid frames alone are not sufficient to withstand lateral loads, as those due to earthquakes, bracing systems are often introduced to stiffen the steel frameworks of tall buildings. The design of lateral bracing systems, in turn, calls for the selection of a suitable pattern for the diagonals arrangement, which is commonly performed through trial-and-error procedures that can require many iteration cycles. It is too evident that this approach does not neither ensure the convergence towards a design solution able to fulfill all requirements, nor the achievement of an optimal solution that minimizes the consumption of structural material and thus the total construction costs. In this context, topology optimization might represent an effective tool for improving the design of tall buildings under earthquake. Therefore, a topology optimization methodology is here presented to support the selection of the most effective design solution for the lateral bracing systems of
{"title":"OPTIMAL LATERAL RESISTING SYSTEMS FOR HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS UNDER SEISMIC EXCITATIONS","authors":"G. Angelucci, G. Quaranta, F. Mollaioli","doi":"10.7712/120121.8595.18759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8595.18759","url":null,"abstract":". It is generally presumed that the design of tall buildings is mainly dictated by wind loads rather than seismic actions because of the high flexibility and, therefore, long natural periods. However, slender buildings exhibit a complex dynamic behavior, and the involvement of higher modes can result in higher flexural and shear demands than expected. Overlooking the importance of strength, stiffness, and stability requirements in seismic design of tall buildings can thus leads to excessive damage, large residual deformations, and even failure. In this regard, since pure rigid frames alone are not sufficient to withstand lateral loads, as those due to earthquakes, bracing systems are often introduced to stiffen the steel frameworks of tall buildings. The design of lateral bracing systems, in turn, calls for the selection of a suitable pattern for the diagonals arrangement, which is commonly performed through trial-and-error procedures that can require many iteration cycles. It is too evident that this approach does not neither ensure the convergence towards a design solution able to fulfill all requirements, nor the achievement of an optimal solution that minimizes the consumption of structural material and thus the total construction costs. In this context, topology optimization might represent an effective tool for improving the design of tall buildings under earthquake. Therefore, a topology optimization methodology is here presented to support the selection of the most effective design solution for the lateral bracing systems of","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72807091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8664.19002
P. Basso, S. Osmani, M. Scolari, Ruben Valsecchi
In this paper, a framework developed for the seismic risk assessment and loss estimate of the Health-Care sector is described. The methodology herein presented derived from a wider study that refers to a multi-hazard (earthquake, hurricane, flood, landslide, rockfall, avalanche) and multi-asset (healthcare and energy infrastructure). The loss estimate is based on the probabilistic modelling of hazards and asset vulnerability and an overall assessment of the impact generated from the suffered damage treated as a deterministic consequence of it. Specifically, the total impact computation is based on the combined analysis of different aspects, such as physical damages, service reduction, and social impact. For the sake of completeness also the impact is evaluated per each aftermath level. It must be pointed out that in so doing the loss computed per each impact can be ensured as hazard independent. An important role in the impact evaluation is also played by resilience. A simplified evaluation of preparedness and resourcefulness at asset and local level is performed to originate a set of resilience-based coefficients which, in turn, are used to influence the evaluation of the loss per each impact component and level of damage. Finally, the Expected Annual Loss (EAL) is provided as the exponential relation between the probability of damage occurrence expressed as mean annual frequency, and the loss, expressed in economic terms. So, this relation can define the properties of damage occurrence and loss of each possible event. Thanks to the quantitative approach of the framework it can be seen how each risk aspect influence the curve properties, such as the horizontal stretch due to resilience influence on the loss degree and the vertical stretch due to vulnerability effect on the damage occurrence
{"title":"A SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR LOSS ESTIMATION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – HOSPITALS CASE","authors":"P. Basso, S. Osmani, M. Scolari, Ruben Valsecchi","doi":"10.7712/120121.8664.19002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8664.19002","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a framework developed for the seismic risk assessment and loss estimate of the Health-Care sector is described. The methodology herein presented derived from a wider study that refers to a multi-hazard (earthquake, hurricane, flood, landslide, rockfall, avalanche) and multi-asset (healthcare and energy infrastructure). The loss estimate is based on the probabilistic modelling of hazards and asset vulnerability and an overall assessment of the impact generated from the suffered damage treated as a deterministic consequence of it. Specifically, the total impact computation is based on the combined analysis of different aspects, such as physical damages, service reduction, and social impact. For the sake of completeness also the impact is evaluated per each aftermath level. It must be pointed out that in so doing the loss computed per each impact can be ensured as hazard independent. An important role in the impact evaluation is also played by resilience. A simplified evaluation of preparedness and resourcefulness at asset and local level is performed to originate a set of resilience-based coefficients which, in turn, are used to influence the evaluation of the loss per each impact component and level of damage. Finally, the Expected Annual Loss (EAL) is provided as the exponential relation between the probability of damage occurrence expressed as mean annual frequency, and the loss, expressed in economic terms. So, this relation can define the properties of damage occurrence and loss of each possible event. Thanks to the quantitative approach of the framework it can be seen how each risk aspect influence the curve properties, such as the horizontal stretch due to resilience influence on the loss degree and the vertical stretch due to vulnerability effect on the damage occurrence","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73133865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8740.18444
A. Aloisio, Riccardo Cirella, Anton Elena, R. Alaggio
. The Santa Maria di Collemaggio basilica is a 13th-century masonry masterpiece. The restoration works following the 2009 earthquake in L’Aquila included the installation of a permanent monitoring system. Crack gauges monitor a few significant cracks that appeared during the 2009 earthquake. Force-Balance accelerometers record the dynamic response of the entire structure. The dynamic response to ambient excitation leads to the estimation of the modal parameters. The current paper reports the outcomes of two years of static and dynamic monitoring from 1/1/2018 to 31/12/2019. The authors correlated the outdoor temperature and relative humidity to both the amplitude of the cracks and the modal parameters. The temperature deeply affects the static and dynamic response of the basilica. However, the linear correlations between the temperature and the structural response are diverse. There are cracks which stretch when the temperature rises and cracks which act oppositely. Natural frequencies lower when the temperature rises, while the same modes exhibit modal interaction phenomena. Furthermore, the natural frequencies of the basilica are not stationary but are moderately declining across the years. The basilica is a complex structure, where the different constitutive behaviour of three different materials, masonry, steel and timber may yield a varied structural response. The authors attempt to provide a qualitative interpretation of the observed behaviour, namely the detected correlations to the outdoor temperature, the lowering of the natural frequencies across the years and mode interaction phenomena.
{"title":"LONG TERM MONITORING OF THE SANTA MARIA DI COLLEMAGGIO BASILICA","authors":"A. Aloisio, Riccardo Cirella, Anton Elena, R. Alaggio","doi":"10.7712/120121.8740.18444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8740.18444","url":null,"abstract":". The Santa Maria di Collemaggio basilica is a 13th-century masonry masterpiece. The restoration works following the 2009 earthquake in L’Aquila included the installation of a permanent monitoring system. Crack gauges monitor a few significant cracks that appeared during the 2009 earthquake. Force-Balance accelerometers record the dynamic response of the entire structure. The dynamic response to ambient excitation leads to the estimation of the modal parameters. The current paper reports the outcomes of two years of static and dynamic monitoring from 1/1/2018 to 31/12/2019. The authors correlated the outdoor temperature and relative humidity to both the amplitude of the cracks and the modal parameters. The temperature deeply affects the static and dynamic response of the basilica. However, the linear correlations between the temperature and the structural response are diverse. There are cracks which stretch when the temperature rises and cracks which act oppositely. Natural frequencies lower when the temperature rises, while the same modes exhibit modal interaction phenomena. Furthermore, the natural frequencies of the basilica are not stationary but are moderately declining across the years. The basilica is a complex structure, where the different constitutive behaviour of three different materials, masonry, steel and timber may yield a varied structural response. The authors attempt to provide a qualitative interpretation of the observed behaviour, namely the detected correlations to the outdoor temperature, the lowering of the natural frequencies across the years and mode interaction phenomena.","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73328658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8841.18527
M. H. Brahim, H. Afra
Urban development is increased and the construction of building on poor quality soils becomes non avoidable which increases the geotechnical risk. Below these circumstances, the probabilistic approaches to study the behavior of a soil profile in a given environment have been proposed in recent years. The purpose of this research work is to study the effect of vertical variability of soil shear modulus on soil seismic response using the probabilistic approach. Two types of heterogeneity are considered: (1) heterogeneity due to the random distribution of the shear modulus in a soil profile; (2) heterogeneity of soil layer with shear modulus increasing linearly with depth. The first heterogeneous soil models are generated by Monte Carlo simulation. The spatial variation of the shear modulus is controlled by the variation coefficient parameters. The second heterogeneous soil models are assumed to have shear modulus increasing linearly with depth. These heterogeneous soils are generated and then integrated into the computer program based on the one dimensional wave propagation, resulting in seismic responses at the 'free field' soil. To demonstrate and show the importance of considering heterogeneities in the model, the results are compared with examples of deterministic analysis by means of the experimental value of shear modulus obtained from a specific site in Algeria.
{"title":"EFFECT OF 1D VERTICAL VARIABILITY OF SHEAR MODULUS ON THE SEISMIC RESPONSE OF SITES","authors":"M. H. Brahim, H. Afra","doi":"10.7712/120121.8841.18527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8841.18527","url":null,"abstract":"Urban development is increased and the construction of building on poor quality soils becomes non avoidable which increases the geotechnical risk. Below these circumstances, the probabilistic approaches to study the behavior of a soil profile in a given environment have been proposed in recent years. The purpose of this research work is to study the effect of vertical variability of soil shear modulus on soil seismic response using the probabilistic approach. Two types of heterogeneity are considered: (1) heterogeneity due to the random distribution of the shear modulus in a soil profile; (2) heterogeneity of soil layer with shear modulus increasing linearly with depth. The first heterogeneous soil models are generated by Monte Carlo simulation. The spatial variation of the shear modulus is controlled by the variation coefficient parameters. The second heterogeneous soil models are assumed to have shear modulus increasing linearly with depth. These heterogeneous soils are generated and then integrated into the computer program based on the one dimensional wave propagation, resulting in seismic responses at the 'free field' soil. To demonstrate and show the importance of considering heterogeneities in the model, the results are compared with examples of deterministic analysis by means of the experimental value of shear modulus obtained from a specific site in Algeria.","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80364947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8500.19320
G. Pianese, Davide Torrini, G. Milani, A. Formisano
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CROSSLINKING ON THE SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNBONDED FIBER REINFORCED ELASTOMERIC ISOLATORS (UFREI) MADE OF REGENERATED RUBBER","authors":"G. Pianese, Davide Torrini, G. Milani, A. Formisano","doi":"10.7712/120121.8500.19320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8500.19320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76660193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8780.19480
R. Tartaglia, G. Di Lorenzo, A. Formisano, R. Landolfo
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE JOINT BEHAVIOUR ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ORTHOGONAL EXOSKELETONS FOR SEISMIC RETROFIT","authors":"R. Tartaglia, G. Di Lorenzo, A. Formisano, R. Landolfo","doi":"10.7712/120121.8780.19480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8780.19480","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82096189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8802.19060
L. F. Moreno, M. Morais, S. Avila
{"title":"PRELIMINARY STUDY OF AN ARDUINO CONTROLLED SHAKE TABLE TO LOW-FREQUENCY TEST","authors":"L. F. Moreno, M. Morais, S. Avila","doi":"10.7712/120121.8802.19060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8802.19060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76297616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.7712/120121.8661.18833
Pietro Carpanese, V. Follador, E. Saler, F. Porto
{"title":"SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE ITALIAN RESIDENTIAL MASONRY BUILT STOCK AND EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT MITIGATION STRATEGIES","authors":"Pietro Carpanese, V. Follador, E. Saler, F. Porto","doi":"10.7712/120121.8661.18833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7712/120121.8661.18833","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":66281,"journal":{"name":"地震工程与工程振动","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76184221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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