Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525792
Ganaatheban Mohanakkumaran, H. D. Hidallana-Gamage, R. Indrajith
Piles with tie beams are mostly used as a practice in the expressway bridges in Sri Lanka. Even though it seems to be cost effective, the reliability of the substructure in some soil conditions, might be quite low when compared to other structural configurations like piles with pile cap. A study on this matter will be helpful to identify a suitable structural configuration for substructure in terms of structural, geotechnical, and economical aspects. For this study, a bridge located in the Central Expressway project in Sri Lanka was considered. Pile with tie beam configuration and 4 other possible alternative configurations for the selected bridge were identified. All five structural configurations were analysed under 3 different soil profiles which are taken from some of the locations in the Central Expressway in Sri Lanka. Some empirical equations were used to assess geotechnical aspects in terms of load carrying capacity and the expected settlement. Meanwhile, Midas Civil 2020 software was used for the structural analysis, while Euro code was referred for the structural design. Based on the results presented in this paper, it is evident that, pile cap with friction piles can be used conveniently, if proper controlled driving of piles is done.
{"title":"Investigate the Applicability of Different Structural Configurations for Bridge/ Via duct Pier in Local Expressway","authors":"Ganaatheban Mohanakkumaran, H. D. Hidallana-Gamage, R. Indrajith","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525792","url":null,"abstract":"Piles with tie beams are mostly used as a practice in the expressway bridges in Sri Lanka. Even though it seems to be cost effective, the reliability of the substructure in some soil conditions, might be quite low when compared to other structural configurations like piles with pile cap. A study on this matter will be helpful to identify a suitable structural configuration for substructure in terms of structural, geotechnical, and economical aspects. For this study, a bridge located in the Central Expressway project in Sri Lanka was considered. Pile with tie beam configuration and 4 other possible alternative configurations for the selected bridge were identified. All five structural configurations were analysed under 3 different soil profiles which are taken from some of the locations in the Central Expressway in Sri Lanka. Some empirical equations were used to assess geotechnical aspects in terms of load carrying capacity and the expected settlement. Meanwhile, Midas Civil 2020 software was used for the structural analysis, while Euro code was referred for the structural design. Based on the results presented in this paper, it is evident that, pile cap with friction piles can be used conveniently, if proper controlled driving of piles is done.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"160 1","pages":"286-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87550456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525791
M. Hettiarachchi
Currently adopted assessment practices in the subject module; Design of Steel Structures at the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka are discussed in the context of recent pedagogical practice. A self-appraisal is done to ascertain whether learning outcomes of the subject module are appropriately and adequately assessed. It was seen that little attempt had been made in the past to explicitly link assessments with the outcomes at the time of assessment. The self-appraisal identified the inadequacies which has since been addressed.
{"title":"A Reflection on Assessing Learning Outcomes","authors":"M. Hettiarachchi","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525791","url":null,"abstract":"Currently adopted assessment practices in the subject module; Design of Steel Structures at the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka are discussed in the context of recent pedagogical practice. A self-appraisal is done to ascertain whether learning outcomes of the subject module are appropriately and adequately assessed. It was seen that little attempt had been made in the past to explicitly link assessments with the outcomes at the time of assessment. The self-appraisal identified the inadequacies which has since been addressed.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"12 1","pages":"734-740"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90385018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525716
S. de Silva, P. Wijekoon, M. Vithanage
Municipal solid waste accounts for ambient air pollution through heavy metals in atmospheric deposition and greenhouse gases. In the current study, heavy metal pollution was estimated by analyzing dust samples collected from Karadiyana solid waste dumpsite, Sri Lanka. Emission of CO2, CH4, NH3 and H2S were accounted for four locations within the dumpsite area using an air-trapping box and air quality monitor (Aeroqual HH S500L). Dust was collected from four sampling sites using 1.5 m height dust samplers, for the analysis of Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb using microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES) after acid digestion. Average Fe concentration of 1100 µg/L was detected in the samples while Cr concentration was only 13 µg/L. Both Cu and Cd showed an average dissolved element percentage of 54%, while other elements also showed considerable dissolubility percentages. A dissolved element amount of 59% was detected in samples collected from a house adjacent to the dumpsite. Total metal concentrations of 1306 and 2213 µg/L were exhibited at sites A and B, respectively. Both sites A and B showed an average concentration of 590 mg/L of total measured gaseous emissions. CO2 was detected as the predominant species at all four locations.
{"title":"Trace Metals in the Atmospheric Deposition and Gaseous Emissions around Karadiyana Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite, Sri Lanka","authors":"S. de Silva, P. Wijekoon, M. Vithanage","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525716","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal solid waste accounts for ambient air pollution through heavy metals in atmospheric deposition and greenhouse gases. In the current study, heavy metal pollution was estimated by analyzing dust samples collected from Karadiyana solid waste dumpsite, Sri Lanka. Emission of CO2, CH4, NH3 and H2S were accounted for four locations within the dumpsite area using an air-trapping box and air quality monitor (Aeroqual HH S500L). Dust was collected from four sampling sites using 1.5 m height dust samplers, for the analysis of Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb using microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES) after acid digestion. Average Fe concentration of 1100 µg/L was detected in the samples while Cr concentration was only 13 µg/L. Both Cu and Cd showed an average dissolved element percentage of 54%, while other elements also showed considerable dissolubility percentages. A dissolved element amount of 59% was detected in samples collected from a house adjacent to the dumpsite. Total metal concentrations of 1306 and 2213 µg/L were exhibited at sites A and B, respectively. Both sites A and B showed an average concentration of 590 mg/L of total measured gaseous emissions. CO2 was detected as the predominant species at all four locations.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"17 1","pages":"231-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90448665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525668
Hiroshaan Vadivel, K. S. Priyanayana, A. Jayasekara
Wheelchairs are the evaded partner in the lives of many differently-abled people to support their day-to-day activities. Manual and powered wheelchairs fail to meet the docking behavior for a specific task on the table. As the main aim of this research, a human study was performed to identify the docking behavior of a wheelchair to the table or desk in four different scenarios such as writing, reading, eating, and using a Laptop. With 3D point cloud data, this paper introduces an algorithm for automatically detecting secure docking locations at rectangular docking structures (tables, desks) with proper alignment knowledge. Within the sense of delivering advanced driving assistance for powered wheelchair users, the secure docking areas will then be given as priorities to an autonomous route designer. The experimental findings show that the proposed wheelchair docking system is capable of maintaining user comfort during approaches.
{"title":"Enhancing the Capabilities of Approaching to Service Scenarios and Settling for Intelligent Wheelchair Robots","authors":"Hiroshaan Vadivel, K. S. Priyanayana, A. Jayasekara","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525668","url":null,"abstract":"Wheelchairs are the evaded partner in the lives of many differently-abled people to support their day-to-day activities. Manual and powered wheelchairs fail to meet the docking behavior for a specific task on the table. As the main aim of this research, a human study was performed to identify the docking behavior of a wheelchair to the table or desk in four different scenarios such as writing, reading, eating, and using a Laptop. With 3D point cloud data, this paper introduces an algorithm for automatically detecting secure docking locations at rectangular docking structures (tables, desks) with proper alignment knowledge. Within the sense of delivering advanced driving assistance for powered wheelchair users, the secure docking areas will then be given as priorities to an autonomous route designer. The experimental findings show that the proposed wheelchair docking system is capable of maintaining user comfort during approaches.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"37 1","pages":"711-716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77517085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525762
A. Kumarasiri, H.S. Herath, D. Amarasinghe, D. Attygalle
Nickel-chromium alloys are in high demand in the electrical industry, as they have some favorable electrical properties. The formation of a thin chromium oxide layer on the alloy surface protects the alloy from further oxidation. The passivation layer formation is almost instantaneous when exposed to the ambient atmosphere. It prevents the strong bonding between the solder and the substrate due to the alteration of the substrate's surface energy by the passivation layer. Poor solderability could cause short-circuiting and resistance variations in electrical devices. This paper reviews the effect on solderability due to the passive layer formation and proposes solutions to overcome the problems caused by this layer. The introduction of solder-compatible metal layers such as Ni onto the substrate surface is a way to overcome this. However, solder-compatible metals such as Ni cannot be introduced with conventional electroplating baths due to the alloy's passive behavior. Therefore, a breakdown of the passivity is required before the nickel coating. A three-bath electrodeposition strategy comprising; pre-cleaning, activation, and electroplating, were used to achieve the task. The study examines the dependency of solder wettability on the current density, using an in-house fabricated contact-angle measuring device and analytical software.
{"title":"Effects of Current Density on the Solder Wettability of Nickel Electrodeposited Ni20Cr Alloy","authors":"A. Kumarasiri, H.S. Herath, D. Amarasinghe, D. Attygalle","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525762","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel-chromium alloys are in high demand in the electrical industry, as they have some favorable electrical properties. The formation of a thin chromium oxide layer on the alloy surface protects the alloy from further oxidation. The passivation layer formation is almost instantaneous when exposed to the ambient atmosphere. It prevents the strong bonding between the solder and the substrate due to the alteration of the substrate's surface energy by the passivation layer. Poor solderability could cause short-circuiting and resistance variations in electrical devices. This paper reviews the effect on solderability due to the passive layer formation and proposes solutions to overcome the problems caused by this layer. The introduction of solder-compatible metal layers such as Ni onto the substrate surface is a way to overcome this. However, solder-compatible metals such as Ni cannot be introduced with conventional electroplating baths due to the alloy's passive behavior. Therefore, a breakdown of the passivity is required before the nickel coating. A three-bath electrodeposition strategy comprising; pre-cleaning, activation, and electroplating, were used to achieve the task. The study examines the dependency of solder wettability on the current density, using an in-house fabricated contact-angle measuring device and analytical software.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"7 1","pages":"649-653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90084002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) tends to perform poorly in low-resource language settings due to the scarcity of parallel data. Instead of relying on inadequate parallel corpora, we can take advantage of monolingual data available in abundance. Training a denoising self-supervised multilingual sequence-to-sequence model by noising the available large scale monolingual corpora is one way to utilize monolingual data. For a pair of languages for which monolingual data is available in such a pre-trained multilingual denoising model, the model can be fine-tuned with a smaller amount of parallel data from this language pair. This paper presents fine-tuning self-supervised multilingual sequence-to-sequence pre-trained models for extremely low-resource domain-specific NMT settings. We choose one such pre-trained model: mBART. We are the first to implement and demonstrate the viability of non-English centric complete fine-tuning on multilingual sequence-to-sequence pre-trained models. We select Sinhala, Tamil and English languages to demonstrate fine-tuning on extremely low-resource settings in the domain of official government documents. Experiments show that our fine-tuned mBART model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art Transformer based NMT models in all pairs in all six bilingual directions, where we report a 4.41 BLEU score increase on Tamil→Sinhala and a 2.85 BLUE increase on Sinhala→ Tamil translation.
{"title":"Fine-Tuning Self-Supervised Multilingual Sequence-To-Sequence Models for Extremely Low-Resource NMT","authors":"Sarubi Thillainathan, Surangika Ranathunga, Sanath Jayasena","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525720","url":null,"abstract":"Neural Machine Translation (NMT) tends to perform poorly in low-resource language settings due to the scarcity of parallel data. Instead of relying on inadequate parallel corpora, we can take advantage of monolingual data available in abundance. Training a denoising self-supervised multilingual sequence-to-sequence model by noising the available large scale monolingual corpora is one way to utilize monolingual data. For a pair of languages for which monolingual data is available in such a pre-trained multilingual denoising model, the model can be fine-tuned with a smaller amount of parallel data from this language pair. This paper presents fine-tuning self-supervised multilingual sequence-to-sequence pre-trained models for extremely low-resource domain-specific NMT settings. We choose one such pre-trained model: mBART. We are the first to implement and demonstrate the viability of non-English centric complete fine-tuning on multilingual sequence-to-sequence pre-trained models. We select Sinhala, Tamil and English languages to demonstrate fine-tuning on extremely low-resource settings in the domain of official government documents. Experiments show that our fine-tuned mBART model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art Transformer based NMT models in all pairs in all six bilingual directions, where we report a 4.41 BLEU score increase on Tamil→Sinhala and a 2.85 BLUE increase on Sinhala→ Tamil translation.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"32 1","pages":"432-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90082783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525664
A. Ratnakumar, A. Samarasekara, D. Amarasinghe, L. Karunanayake
Rice straw is the agricultural production residue which is considered as an agricultural waste. Though it is utilized in various ways, there is a greater possibility for value addition by disintegrating nanofibrillated cellulose from this commercially underutilized waste material. In this study, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was individualized from locally available rice straw variety Murunkan via chemo-mechanical treatments. Firstly, cellulose fibers were extracted from rice straw via a set of chemical processes. Then using high intensity ultrasonication (HIUS) treatment acquired cellulose fibers were individualized into nanofibrillated cellulose. Structural, morphological and thermal behavior of NFC throughout the chemo-mechanical processes were studied. FTIR analysis confirmed that the chemical composition of nanofibrillated cellulose was mainly cellulose where amorphous natured hemicellulose and lignin were effectively removed during chemical processes. From the set of chemical processes, Murunkan variety yielded around 34 per cent cellulose fibers. Out of these cellulose fibers around 17 per cent NFC was individualized via the HIUS treatment. Microscopy study showed that the diameters of the extracted NFC ranged between 100 to 200 nm. Findings of this study will not only add value to the rice straw but also embrace sustainable transition to a bioeconomy in the country.
{"title":"Individualization of Nanofibrillated Cellulose from Sri Lankan Rice Straw: Structural Characteristics and Thermal Properties","authors":"A. Ratnakumar, A. Samarasekara, D. Amarasinghe, L. Karunanayake","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525664","url":null,"abstract":"Rice straw is the agricultural production residue which is considered as an agricultural waste. Though it is utilized in various ways, there is a greater possibility for value addition by disintegrating nanofibrillated cellulose from this commercially underutilized waste material. In this study, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) was individualized from locally available rice straw variety Murunkan via chemo-mechanical treatments. Firstly, cellulose fibers were extracted from rice straw via a set of chemical processes. Then using high intensity ultrasonication (HIUS) treatment acquired cellulose fibers were individualized into nanofibrillated cellulose. Structural, morphological and thermal behavior of NFC throughout the chemo-mechanical processes were studied. FTIR analysis confirmed that the chemical composition of nanofibrillated cellulose was mainly cellulose where amorphous natured hemicellulose and lignin were effectively removed during chemical processes. From the set of chemical processes, Murunkan variety yielded around 34 per cent cellulose fibers. Out of these cellulose fibers around 17 per cent NFC was individualized via the HIUS treatment. Microscopy study showed that the diameters of the extracted NFC ranged between 100 to 200 nm. Findings of this study will not only add value to the rice straw but also embrace sustainable transition to a bioeconomy in the country.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"151 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85615130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Use of thin folded membranes for deployable structures are becoming increasingly popular especially in aerospace applications such as a deployable solar array, sun shields, and solar sails. The folding and compaction process of thin membranes, which introduces permanent, nonrecoverable, localized plastic deformation, changes the geometric shape and material properties. The underlying mechanics in the deployment of creased membrane structures are self-opening and then forced-opening beyond a stable stress-free state. The focus of the previous studies was limited to the characterisation of crease behaviour during force opening. This paper presents an experimental study to characterise the crease mechanics of a single creased membrane during self-opening behaviour which is crucial in the design of gossamer structures. A simple analytical study was performed to predict the moment-rotation response of the crease and hence shows a good qualitative agreement with physical experiment results. It is shown that the moment-rotation response of a single crease can be idealized to a linear rotational spring in virtual simulation and the spring stiffness depends on the thickness of the membrane.
{"title":"Characterising the Self-opening Behaviour of Single Creased Kapton Polyimide Films","authors":"Sutharsanan Navaratnarajah, Chermila Piyumi, Chinthaka Mallikarachchi","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525790","url":null,"abstract":"Use of thin folded membranes for deployable structures are becoming increasingly popular especially in aerospace applications such as a deployable solar array, sun shields, and solar sails. The folding and compaction process of thin membranes, which introduces permanent, nonrecoverable, localized plastic deformation, changes the geometric shape and material properties. The underlying mechanics in the deployment of creased membrane structures are self-opening and then forced-opening beyond a stable stress-free state. The focus of the previous studies was limited to the characterisation of crease behaviour during force opening. This paper presents an experimental study to characterise the crease mechanics of a single creased membrane during self-opening behaviour which is crucial in the design of gossamer structures. A simple analytical study was performed to predict the moment-rotation response of the crease and hence shows a good qualitative agreement with physical experiment results. It is shown that the moment-rotation response of a single crease can be idealized to a linear rotational spring in virtual simulation and the spring stiffness depends on the thickness of the membrane.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"19 1","pages":"130-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84224467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525763
C. Subramaniyam, Lalith Rajapakse
Groundwater depletion during the low rainfall period and flash floods during the monsoonal period are the predominant issues identified in the Jaffna Peninsula, the Northern part of Sri Lanka. The managed artificial recharge of groundwater aquifers using excess runoff is considered a feasible solution. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis was initially performed to develop an Artificial Groundwater Recharging Potential Zone Mapping (GWPZM) based on seven different groundwater behavioural influencing factors. A water resource action plan was developed to propose suitable stormwater quality and quantity controlling structures according to the unique hydrogeological behaviour of the Jaffna Peninsula. The proposed major artificial recharging units were introduced in the areas with adequate groundwater infiltration potential sites. Recharging reservoirs were assigned for the lagoon region with silt sedimentation. Dry wells were proposed for the region adjacent to the floodplain along with stormwater quality control structures. Paleochannel footprints were not found in the preliminary studies. Flood analysis using Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) Model indicated that the simulated inundation area of the 2017 flood event is reduced by 41.47% after the establishment of artificial recharging techniques. A fundamental idea of Web GIS was suggested for real-time monitoring purposes.
{"title":"A Study on Surface Water - Groundwater Interaction in the Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka","authors":"C. Subramaniyam, Lalith Rajapakse","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525763","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater depletion during the low rainfall period and flash floods during the monsoonal period are the predominant issues identified in the Jaffna Peninsula, the Northern part of Sri Lanka. The managed artificial recharge of groundwater aquifers using excess runoff is considered a feasible solution. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis was initially performed to develop an Artificial Groundwater Recharging Potential Zone Mapping (GWPZM) based on seven different groundwater behavioural influencing factors. A water resource action plan was developed to propose suitable stormwater quality and quantity controlling structures according to the unique hydrogeological behaviour of the Jaffna Peninsula. The proposed major artificial recharging units were introduced in the areas with adequate groundwater infiltration potential sites. Recharging reservoirs were assigned for the lagoon region with silt sedimentation. Dry wells were proposed for the region adjacent to the floodplain along with stormwater quality control structures. Paleochannel footprints were not found in the preliminary studies. Flood analysis using Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) Model indicated that the simulated inundation area of the 2017 flood event is reduced by 41.47% after the establishment of artificial recharging techniques. A fundamental idea of Web GIS was suggested for real-time monitoring purposes.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"18 1","pages":"510-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83992539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525728
S. Saparamadu, S. Bandara
Air passengers encounter many difficulties at different mandatory service centers at the airport. To enhance the functionality of the service centers available literature highlights several simulation and analytical models to minimize the delays and queues at mandatory service centers. A different mechanism of placing frictions between the mandatory service centers to optimize the passenger delays is used in this research. It helps when the departure rate of the first service center is greater than the service rate of the second service center. This research can be used to find expected delays at service centers. Furthermore, this can be utilized to decide on the placement of suitable frictions before mandatory service centers in a proper manner to suit the arrival and departure procedures to minimize overall passenger delays.
{"title":"Estimating Passenger Delays at Airport Terminal Service Centers","authors":"S. Saparamadu, S. Bandara","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525728","url":null,"abstract":"Air passengers encounter many difficulties at different mandatory service centers at the airport. To enhance the functionality of the service centers available literature highlights several simulation and analytical models to minimize the delays and queues at mandatory service centers. A different mechanism of placing frictions between the mandatory service centers to optimize the passenger delays is used in this research. It helps when the departure rate of the first service center is greater than the service rate of the second service center. This research can be used to find expected delays at service centers. Furthermore, this can be utilized to decide on the placement of suitable frictions before mandatory service centers in a proper manner to suit the arrival and departure procedures to minimize overall passenger delays.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"1 1","pages":"493-497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82388151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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