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2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)最新文献

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Application of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in the Construction Industry: The Case of Sri Lanka 纳米技术和纳米材料在建筑行业的应用:斯里兰卡的案例
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525756
M. I. M. Safshath, K. Waidyasekara, G. Tennakoon
Nanotechnology is one of the evolving modern technologies, increasingly being adopted in the construction industry. Nanomaterials provide numerous advantages over conventional materials such as improvements in quality and sustainability performance and reduction in cost and time for use. Sri Lanka is geographically rich with mineral resources that contain suitable raw materials for producing nanomaterials. Despite this, adoption of nanotechnology in the Sri Lankan construction industry is low. This paper therefore aims to investigate the availability and application of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Considering the novelty of the area, a qualitative research approach was adopted for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts in the field of nanotechnology to gather the required data and content analysis techniques were used to analyze the qualitative data collected. The study findings reveal that nanomaterials can be produced using locally available mineral resources. However, Sri Lanka is yet to realize the optimum value from its mineral resources that can be used in the production of nanomaterials. Further empirical opinions regarding the feasibility of producing nanomaterials in Sri Lanka are also offered through this research.
纳米科技是一项不断发展的现代科技,越来越多地应用于建造业。与传统材料相比,纳米材料具有许多优点,例如质量和可持续性性能的提高以及成本和使用时间的减少。斯里兰卡地理位置丰富,矿产资源包含生产纳米材料的合适原材料。尽管如此,纳米技术在斯里兰卡建筑行业的采用率很低。因此,本文旨在研究纳米技术和纳米材料在斯里兰卡建筑业中的可用性和应用。考虑到该地区的新颖性,本研究采用定性研究方法。与纳米技术领域的专家进行了半结构化访谈,以收集所需的数据,并使用内容分析技术对收集到的定性数据进行分析。研究结果表明,纳米材料可以利用当地可用的矿产资源生产。然而,斯里兰卡尚未实现其可用于生产纳米材料的矿产资源的最佳价值。关于在斯里兰卡生产纳米材料的可行性,进一步的实证意见也通过本研究提供。
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引用次数: 0
Use of Glass Fibers in Thin Lift Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Production for Low Volume Roads 玻璃纤维在小容量道路薄提升石胶沥青(SMA)生产中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525643
P.M.P. Udayakantha, W. Jayantha, W. Mampearachchi
The road construction sector is dealing with ever depleting construction material problems, especially the availability of good quality aggregate has become more challenging for road projects over the past few years. The accelerated development demands many natural resources, and the extraction of resources like aggregate on a mass-scale also poses a significant threat to the environment. Using the available resources sparingly and optimally is the way forward to brace the scarcity of construction material, which we are about to face. There are many projects in progress to upgrade low-volume roads. But the designs are carried out using a 50mm asphalt wearing course, which is a conservative approach given the traffic movements of the roads are very much limited. For the traffic levels in such roads, using a thin asphalt layer between 25mm–35mm, the same design life could be achieved while cutting down construction costs for the pavement significantly. The study aims to adopt a mix that can be laid in thin layers, which will perform well in low traffic conditions.
道路建设部门正在处理日益消耗的建筑材料问题,特别是在过去几年中,优质骨料的供应对道路项目来说变得更加具有挑战性。加速发展需要大量的自然资源,而大规模开采骨料等资源也对环境造成了严重威胁。节约和优化利用现有资源是解决我们即将面临的建筑材料短缺问题的出路。有许多项目正在进行中,以改善低流量的道路。但是设计使用了50毫米的沥青耐磨路面,这是一种保守的方法,因为道路的交通流量非常有限。对于此类道路的交通水平,使用25mm-35mm之间的薄沥青层,可以实现相同的设计寿命,同时显着降低路面的建设成本。这项研究的目的是采用一种可以铺设薄层的混合物,这种混合物在低交通条件下也能表现良好。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation-Based Approach in Selecting a Wave Energy Converter for Sri Lankan Wave Conditions 斯里兰卡波浪条件下波浪能量转换器选择的模拟方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525675
K. Anjana, Duan Deshan, D.S. Haputhanthrie, I. Nissanka
With the growing interest in renewable energy, sea waves are considered as an energy source with a high potential for power generation. Sri Lanka being an island surrounded by the sea with about 1300 km long coastal belt, the country holds a theoretical potential of generating a significant amount of power for the national grid from wave energy conversion. Hence this research is focused on the analysis of an improved wave energy convertor which suits Sri Lankan coastal weather conditions. Analysis was conducted based on the wave patterns in the coastal belt to identify the most suitable places to implement wave energy converters. A comparison of existing wave energy conversion technologies and computation simulations were conducted to identify suitable technology for the local wave conditions. The study revealed that the point absorber type wave energy converter was the best solution compatible with wave conditions for the selected coastal region. Buoy geometry of the point absorber was analyzed using computational simulations to select the best geometry. The simulation results showed that the half capsule shape produced the highest force extraction compared to the other shapes.
随着人们对可再生能源的兴趣日益浓厚,海浪被认为是一种具有很高发电潜力的能源。斯里兰卡是一个四面环海的岛屿,拥有约1300公里长的海岸线,理论上具有通过波浪能转换为国家电网产生大量电力的潜力。因此,本研究的重点是分析一种适合斯里兰卡沿海天气条件的改进型波浪能转换器。根据海岸带的波浪形态进行分析,确定波浪能转换器的最适宜实施地点。对现有波浪能转换技术进行了比较和计算模拟,以确定适合局部波浪条件的技术。研究表明,对于选定的沿海区域,点吸收型波浪能转换器是与波浪条件相适应的最佳方案。通过计算模拟分析了点吸收器浮标的几何形状,选择了最佳几何形状。仿真结果表明,与其他形状相比,半胶囊形状的力提取效果最好。
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引用次数: 1
Keynote Address: UWB Tansceivers & Wearable Electronics 主题演讲:超宽带收发器和可穿戴电子产品
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/mercon52712.2021.9525697
J. Volakis
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引用次数: 0
Invited Talk: Recent development of a 2D/3D hybrid finite-discrete element simulator for rock fracture process under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions 特邀演讲:用于准静态和动态加载条件下岩石破裂过程的二维/三维混合有限-离散单元模拟器的最新进展
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/mercon52712.2021.9525666
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引用次数: 0
A Power-Flow Based Investigation into the Response of Buildings to Ground-Borne Vibration from Underground Railways 基于潮流的建筑物对地下铁路地面振动响应研究
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525727
T. Edirisinghe, J. Talbot
Ground-borne vibration in buildings is a growing problem in crowded cities due to the pressure to build ever closer to underground railway tunnels. Despite advances in numerical models for the prediction of ground-borne vibration, it is yet unclear how effective deep piled foundations are at mitigating the vibration transmitted into a building compared to shallow foundations, such as footings. The power-flow insertion gain is used as a measure of the building's overall vibration performance when piles, rather than footings, are included in the foundation. The tunnel-foundation system is based on the pipe-in-pipe model of a longitudinally invariant tunnel coupled to a boundary-element model of the foundation using an iterative wave-scattering approach. The initial theoretical study presented in this paper shows that piles generally attenuate the vibration levels in a benchmark building compared to footings. It is also shown how a simplified model for a tall building, based on a series of individual dashpots, can account for the modification of the foundation vibration field when the building is constructed.
在拥挤的城市中,由于越来越靠近地下铁路隧道的建设压力,建筑物的地面振动问题日益严重。尽管预测地面振动的数值模型取得了进展,但与浅基础(如基础)相比,深桩基础在减轻传递到建筑物中的振动方面的效果如何尚不清楚。当基础中包含桩而不是基座时,功率流插入增益被用作衡量建筑物整体振动性能的指标。隧道-基础系统是基于纵向不变隧道的管中管模型和基础的边界元模型,采用迭代波散射法进行耦合。本文提出的初步理论研究表明,在基准建筑中,与基础相比,桩通常会减弱振动水平。本文还展示了基于一系列单独阻尼器的高层建筑简化模型如何能够解释建筑施工时基础振动场的变化。
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引用次数: 1
Isolation and Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Rice Straw 水稻秸秆微晶纤维素的分离与表征
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525752
K.P.T. Wathsala, K. M. Weerakkody, V. Weragoda
This research work is based on process optimization of extraction of microcrystalline cellulose in Sri Lankan facilities. The extraction consists of two main steps that are isolating chemically purified cellulose from rice straw of BG352 rice species and extracting microcrystalline cellulose from cellulose. Grinding, dewaxing, delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, centrifugation, dialysis, sonication and freeze-drying are the basic procedures in this extraction process. Grinding, purification processes, acid hydrolysis and sonication was performed as per the records of optimized procedures in the literature. Centrifugation and dialysis were optimized in this study. The optimum process parameters for centrifugation were 8000rpm of centrifugation speed, 20°C of centrifugation temperature, 40 minutes of centrifugation time and the dialysis were 28 °C of dialysis temperature and 4 days of dialysis time for 12-14 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane. Testing and characterization were performed after each procedure using Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Laser particle analyzer, Fourier Transform Infrared microscope as apparatus and ImageJ, Origin as software for result analyzing. And the study successfully achieved the aspects of extracting chemically purified microcellulose yielding 18.68% of harvest with 70.25% of crystallinity index, extracting cellulose fibers of $5.445mumathrm{m}$ in average diameter.
本研究工作是基于斯里兰卡设施中提取微晶纤维素的工艺优化。该工艺主要包括从BG352水稻秸秆中分离化学纯化纤维素和从纤维素中提取微晶纤维素两个步骤。研磨、脱蜡、脱木质素、漂白、酸水解、离心、透析、超声和冷冻干燥是该提取工艺的基本工序。研磨、纯化、酸水解和超声处理均按照文献中优化程序的记录进行。本研究对离心和透析进行了优化。最佳离心工艺参数为:离心速度8000rpm,离心温度20℃,离心时间40 min;透析温度28℃,透析时间4 d,分离膜分子量为12-14 kDa。每道工序结束后,用扫描电镜、x射线衍射仪、激光颗粒分析仪、傅立叶变换红外显微镜等仪器进行检测和表征,用ImageJ、Origin软件对结果进行分析。研究成功地实现了化学纯化微纤维素的提取率为18.68%,结晶度指数为70.25%,平均直径为5.445mu mathm {m}$。
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引用次数: 2
Design and Simulation of a 4-DoF Vibratory Gyroscope 四自由度振动陀螺仪的设计与仿真
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525656
K.M.T.M.B. Konara, Y. Amarasinghe
In this paper, design and simulation of a Multi DoF (Degree of Freedom) Vibratory Gyroscope is presented. Most of the available gyroscopes are vibratory gyroscopes due to their design and fabrication simplicity. But the performance of these devices is highly sensitive to device operating conditions, fabrication imperfections, and environmental effects. As a solution to this, Multi DoF vibratory gyroscopes have been introduced. The Multi DoF system proposed here consists of 2 DoF drive and sense mode vibrations. During the design procedure of the system, structural parameters are optimized to obtain a constant amplitude flat operational frequency region with a wider bandwidth. In addition to that Dynamic Amplification increases the sensitivity. Drive mode forced vibration is actuated electrostatically and suspension structure was chosen to minimize the quadrature error. The device uses capacitive sensing to measure angular velocity. Further, SOI(Silicon on Insulator) based fabrication process is proposed to fabricate the 4 DoF vibratory gyroscope.
本文介绍了一种多自由度振动陀螺仪的设计与仿真。由于其设计和制造简单,大多数可用的陀螺仪是振动陀螺仪。但是这些器件的性能对器件的操作条件、制造缺陷和环境影响高度敏感。为了解决这一问题,多自由度振动陀螺仪被引入。本文提出的多自由度系统由2自由度驱动和感应模态振动组成。在系统的设计过程中,对结构参数进行了优化,以获得具有更宽带宽的等幅平坦工作频率区域。此外,动态放大增加了灵敏度。驱动模式强制振动采用静电驱动,并采用悬架结构以减小正交误差。该装置使用电容感应来测量角速度。在此基础上,提出了基于绝缘体上硅(SOI)的四自由度振动陀螺仪制造工艺。
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引用次数: 2
Prevent Data Exfiltration on Smart Phones Using Audio Distortion and Machine Learning 使用音频失真和机器学习防止智能手机上的数据泄露
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525639
Menaka Moonamaldeniya, V.R.S.C. Priyashantha, M. Gunathilake, Y.M.P.B. Ransinghe, A. Ratnayake, P. Abeygunawardhana
Attacks on mobile devices have gained a significant amount of attention lately. This is because more and more individuals are switching to smartphones from traditional non-smartphones. Therefore, attackers or cybercriminals are now getting on the bandwagon to have an opportunity at obtaining information stored on smartphones. In this paper, we present an Android mobile application that will aid to minimize data exfiltration from attacks, such as, Acoustic Side-Channel Attack, Clipboard Jacking, Permission Misuse and Malicious Apps. This paper will commence its inception with an introduction explaining the current issues in general and how attacks such as side-channel attacks and clipboard jacking paved the way for data exfiltration. We will also discuss a few already existing solutions that try to mitigate these problems. Moving on to the methodology we will emphasize how we came about the solution and what methods we followed to achieve the end goal of securing the smartphone. In the final section, we will discuss the outcomes of the project and conclude what needs to be done in the future to enhance this project so that this mobile application will continue to keep the user's data safe from the criminals' grasps.
最近,针对移动设备的攻击引起了大量关注。这是因为越来越多的人从传统的非智能手机转向智能手机。因此,攻击者或网络罪犯现在正在赶时髦,有机会获得存储在智能手机上的信息。在本文中,我们提出了一个Android移动应用程序,将有助于减少攻击的数据泄露,如声学侧信道攻击,剪贴板劫持,权限滥用和恶意应用程序。本文将首先介绍当前的问题,以及诸如侧信道攻击和剪贴板劫持之类的攻击如何为数据泄露铺平道路。我们还将讨论一些试图缓解这些问题的现有解决方案。接下来是方法论,我们将强调我们是如何想出解决方案的,以及我们遵循了哪些方法来实现保护智能手机的最终目标。在最后一节,我们将讨论项目的成果,并总结未来需要做些什么来加强这个项目,使这个移动应用程序将继续保持用户的数据安全,不被犯罪分子掌握。
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引用次数: 0
Developing a Coconut De-Shelling Mechanism for Improved Safety and Productivity in Virgin Coconut Oil Production 开发椰子去壳机制,提高初榨椰子油生产的安全性和生产率
Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525793
O.G.S. Pandipperuma, R.P.D. Niranjana, H. Kumarasiri, J. Gamage, K. Mangala
Virgin coconut oil manufacturing is one of the major products for both export and local markets in Sri Lanka. Most of the large and small-scale manufacturers encounter many issues in the process of de-shelling in terms of both safety and productivity. On average at least 5 accidents are reported to have occurred in the industry per month. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce an improved de-shelling mechanism that helps coconut oil manufacturers to increase their operator safety and productivity. The safety and performance parameters of the de-shelling operation were established using a review of the literature. Then the existing coconut de-shelling operation was analyzed for its safety and productivity using an industrial case study. Basic concepts were generated and evaluated to develop a final design using the fundamental machine design principles. The developed concepts were tested by benchmarking against the safety and productivity Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) using 3D modelling, and experiments. The proposed solution offers promising results to address the safety and productivity issues. However, there is room for further improvements in bringing the design up to the commercial.
初榨椰子油是斯里兰卡出口和本地市场的主要产品之一。大多数大型和小型制造商在脱壳过程中遇到了许多安全和生产力方面的问题。据报道,该行业平均每月至少发生5起事故。因此,本文的目的是介绍一种改进的去壳机制,帮助椰子油制造商提高操作人员的安全性和生产率。通过对文献的回顾,建立了脱壳操作的安全性和性能参数。然后通过工业实例分析了现有的椰子脱壳工艺的安全性和生产率。基本概念产生和评估,以开发一个最终的设计使用基本的机器设计原则。开发的概念通过使用3D建模和实验对安全和生产力关键绩效指标(kpi)进行基准测试。提出的解决方案为解决安全和生产力问题提供了有希望的结果。然而,在将设计带入商业方面还有进一步改进的空间。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)
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