Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525756
M. I. M. Safshath, K. Waidyasekara, G. Tennakoon
Nanotechnology is one of the evolving modern technologies, increasingly being adopted in the construction industry. Nanomaterials provide numerous advantages over conventional materials such as improvements in quality and sustainability performance and reduction in cost and time for use. Sri Lanka is geographically rich with mineral resources that contain suitable raw materials for producing nanomaterials. Despite this, adoption of nanotechnology in the Sri Lankan construction industry is low. This paper therefore aims to investigate the availability and application of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Considering the novelty of the area, a qualitative research approach was adopted for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts in the field of nanotechnology to gather the required data and content analysis techniques were used to analyze the qualitative data collected. The study findings reveal that nanomaterials can be produced using locally available mineral resources. However, Sri Lanka is yet to realize the optimum value from its mineral resources that can be used in the production of nanomaterials. Further empirical opinions regarding the feasibility of producing nanomaterials in Sri Lanka are also offered through this research.
{"title":"Application of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in the Construction Industry: The Case of Sri Lanka","authors":"M. I. M. Safshath, K. Waidyasekara, G. Tennakoon","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525756","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology is one of the evolving modern technologies, increasingly being adopted in the construction industry. Nanomaterials provide numerous advantages over conventional materials such as improvements in quality and sustainability performance and reduction in cost and time for use. Sri Lanka is geographically rich with mineral resources that contain suitable raw materials for producing nanomaterials. Despite this, adoption of nanotechnology in the Sri Lankan construction industry is low. This paper therefore aims to investigate the availability and application of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the Sri Lankan construction industry. Considering the novelty of the area, a qualitative research approach was adopted for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts in the field of nanotechnology to gather the required data and content analysis techniques were used to analyze the qualitative data collected. The study findings reveal that nanomaterials can be produced using locally available mineral resources. However, Sri Lanka is yet to realize the optimum value from its mineral resources that can be used in the production of nanomaterials. Further empirical opinions regarding the feasibility of producing nanomaterials in Sri Lanka are also offered through this research.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"185 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75407565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525643
P.M.P. Udayakantha, W. Jayantha, W. Mampearachchi
The road construction sector is dealing with ever depleting construction material problems, especially the availability of good quality aggregate has become more challenging for road projects over the past few years. The accelerated development demands many natural resources, and the extraction of resources like aggregate on a mass-scale also poses a significant threat to the environment. Using the available resources sparingly and optimally is the way forward to brace the scarcity of construction material, which we are about to face. There are many projects in progress to upgrade low-volume roads. But the designs are carried out using a 50mm asphalt wearing course, which is a conservative approach given the traffic movements of the roads are very much limited. For the traffic levels in such roads, using a thin asphalt layer between 25mm–35mm, the same design life could be achieved while cutting down construction costs for the pavement significantly. The study aims to adopt a mix that can be laid in thin layers, which will perform well in low traffic conditions.
{"title":"Use of Glass Fibers in Thin Lift Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Production for Low Volume Roads","authors":"P.M.P. Udayakantha, W. Jayantha, W. Mampearachchi","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525643","url":null,"abstract":"The road construction sector is dealing with ever depleting construction material problems, especially the availability of good quality aggregate has become more challenging for road projects over the past few years. The accelerated development demands many natural resources, and the extraction of resources like aggregate on a mass-scale also poses a significant threat to the environment. Using the available resources sparingly and optimally is the way forward to brace the scarcity of construction material, which we are about to face. There are many projects in progress to upgrade low-volume roads. But the designs are carried out using a 50mm asphalt wearing course, which is a conservative approach given the traffic movements of the roads are very much limited. For the traffic levels in such roads, using a thin asphalt layer between 25mm–35mm, the same design life could be achieved while cutting down construction costs for the pavement significantly. The study aims to adopt a mix that can be laid in thin layers, which will perform well in low traffic conditions.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"23 1","pages":"498-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73899439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525675
K. Anjana, Duan Deshan, D.S. Haputhanthrie, I. Nissanka
With the growing interest in renewable energy, sea waves are considered as an energy source with a high potential for power generation. Sri Lanka being an island surrounded by the sea with about 1300 km long coastal belt, the country holds a theoretical potential of generating a significant amount of power for the national grid from wave energy conversion. Hence this research is focused on the analysis of an improved wave energy convertor which suits Sri Lankan coastal weather conditions. Analysis was conducted based on the wave patterns in the coastal belt to identify the most suitable places to implement wave energy converters. A comparison of existing wave energy conversion technologies and computation simulations were conducted to identify suitable technology for the local wave conditions. The study revealed that the point absorber type wave energy converter was the best solution compatible with wave conditions for the selected coastal region. Buoy geometry of the point absorber was analyzed using computational simulations to select the best geometry. The simulation results showed that the half capsule shape produced the highest force extraction compared to the other shapes.
{"title":"Simulation-Based Approach in Selecting a Wave Energy Converter for Sri Lankan Wave Conditions","authors":"K. Anjana, Duan Deshan, D.S. Haputhanthrie, I. Nissanka","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525675","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing interest in renewable energy, sea waves are considered as an energy source with a high potential for power generation. Sri Lanka being an island surrounded by the sea with about 1300 km long coastal belt, the country holds a theoretical potential of generating a significant amount of power for the national grid from wave energy conversion. Hence this research is focused on the analysis of an improved wave energy convertor which suits Sri Lankan coastal weather conditions. Analysis was conducted based on the wave patterns in the coastal belt to identify the most suitable places to implement wave energy converters. A comparison of existing wave energy conversion technologies and computation simulations were conducted to identify suitable technology for the local wave conditions. The study revealed that the point absorber type wave energy converter was the best solution compatible with wave conditions for the selected coastal region. Buoy geometry of the point absorber was analyzed using computational simulations to select the best geometry. The simulation results showed that the half capsule shape produced the highest force extraction compared to the other shapes.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"35 1","pages":"245-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73676480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/mercon52712.2021.9525666
{"title":"Invited Talk: Recent development of a 2D/3D hybrid finite-discrete element simulator for rock fracture process under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mercon52712.2021.9525666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mercon52712.2021.9525666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"34 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84525345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525727
T. Edirisinghe, J. Talbot
Ground-borne vibration in buildings is a growing problem in crowded cities due to the pressure to build ever closer to underground railway tunnels. Despite advances in numerical models for the prediction of ground-borne vibration, it is yet unclear how effective deep piled foundations are at mitigating the vibration transmitted into a building compared to shallow foundations, such as footings. The power-flow insertion gain is used as a measure of the building's overall vibration performance when piles, rather than footings, are included in the foundation. The tunnel-foundation system is based on the pipe-in-pipe model of a longitudinally invariant tunnel coupled to a boundary-element model of the foundation using an iterative wave-scattering approach. The initial theoretical study presented in this paper shows that piles generally attenuate the vibration levels in a benchmark building compared to footings. It is also shown how a simplified model for a tall building, based on a series of individual dashpots, can account for the modification of the foundation vibration field when the building is constructed.
{"title":"A Power-Flow Based Investigation into the Response of Buildings to Ground-Borne Vibration from Underground Railways","authors":"T. Edirisinghe, J. Talbot","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525727","url":null,"abstract":"Ground-borne vibration in buildings is a growing problem in crowded cities due to the pressure to build ever closer to underground railway tunnels. Despite advances in numerical models for the prediction of ground-borne vibration, it is yet unclear how effective deep piled foundations are at mitigating the vibration transmitted into a building compared to shallow foundations, such as footings. The power-flow insertion gain is used as a measure of the building's overall vibration performance when piles, rather than footings, are included in the foundation. The tunnel-foundation system is based on the pipe-in-pipe model of a longitudinally invariant tunnel coupled to a boundary-element model of the foundation using an iterative wave-scattering approach. The initial theoretical study presented in this paper shows that piles generally attenuate the vibration levels in a benchmark building compared to footings. It is also shown how a simplified model for a tall building, based on a series of individual dashpots, can account for the modification of the foundation vibration field when the building is constructed.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"95 1","pages":"136-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90710292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525752
K.P.T. Wathsala, K. M. Weerakkody, V. Weragoda
This research work is based on process optimization of extraction of microcrystalline cellulose in Sri Lankan facilities. The extraction consists of two main steps that are isolating chemically purified cellulose from rice straw of BG352 rice species and extracting microcrystalline cellulose from cellulose. Grinding, dewaxing, delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, centrifugation, dialysis, sonication and freeze-drying are the basic procedures in this extraction process. Grinding, purification processes, acid hydrolysis and sonication was performed as per the records of optimized procedures in the literature. Centrifugation and dialysis were optimized in this study. The optimum process parameters for centrifugation were 8000rpm of centrifugation speed, 20°C of centrifugation temperature, 40 minutes of centrifugation time and the dialysis were 28 °C of dialysis temperature and 4 days of dialysis time for 12-14 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane. Testing and characterization were performed after each procedure using Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Laser particle analyzer, Fourier Transform Infrared microscope as apparatus and ImageJ, Origin as software for result analyzing. And the study successfully achieved the aspects of extracting chemically purified microcellulose yielding 18.68% of harvest with 70.25% of crystallinity index, extracting cellulose fibers of $5.445mumathrm{m}$ in average diameter.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Rice Straw","authors":"K.P.T. Wathsala, K. M. Weerakkody, V. Weragoda","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525752","url":null,"abstract":"This research work is based on process optimization of extraction of microcrystalline cellulose in Sri Lankan facilities. The extraction consists of two main steps that are isolating chemically purified cellulose from rice straw of BG352 rice species and extracting microcrystalline cellulose from cellulose. Grinding, dewaxing, delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, centrifugation, dialysis, sonication and freeze-drying are the basic procedures in this extraction process. Grinding, purification processes, acid hydrolysis and sonication was performed as per the records of optimized procedures in the literature. Centrifugation and dialysis were optimized in this study. The optimum process parameters for centrifugation were 8000rpm of centrifugation speed, 20°C of centrifugation temperature, 40 minutes of centrifugation time and the dialysis were 28 °C of dialysis temperature and 4 days of dialysis time for 12-14 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane. Testing and characterization were performed after each procedure using Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Laser particle analyzer, Fourier Transform Infrared microscope as apparatus and ImageJ, Origin as software for result analyzing. And the study successfully achieved the aspects of extracting chemically purified microcellulose yielding 18.68% of harvest with 70.25% of crystallinity index, extracting cellulose fibers of $5.445mumathrm{m}$ in average diameter.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"6 1","pages":"670-675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87539595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525656
K.M.T.M.B. Konara, Y. Amarasinghe
In this paper, design and simulation of a Multi DoF (Degree of Freedom) Vibratory Gyroscope is presented. Most of the available gyroscopes are vibratory gyroscopes due to their design and fabrication simplicity. But the performance of these devices is highly sensitive to device operating conditions, fabrication imperfections, and environmental effects. As a solution to this, Multi DoF vibratory gyroscopes have been introduced. The Multi DoF system proposed here consists of 2 DoF drive and sense mode vibrations. During the design procedure of the system, structural parameters are optimized to obtain a constant amplitude flat operational frequency region with a wider bandwidth. In addition to that Dynamic Amplification increases the sensitivity. Drive mode forced vibration is actuated electrostatically and suspension structure was chosen to minimize the quadrature error. The device uses capacitive sensing to measure angular velocity. Further, SOI(Silicon on Insulator) based fabrication process is proposed to fabricate the 4 DoF vibratory gyroscope.
{"title":"Design and Simulation of a 4-DoF Vibratory Gyroscope","authors":"K.M.T.M.B. Konara, Y. Amarasinghe","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525656","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, design and simulation of a Multi DoF (Degree of Freedom) Vibratory Gyroscope is presented. Most of the available gyroscopes are vibratory gyroscopes due to their design and fabrication simplicity. But the performance of these devices is highly sensitive to device operating conditions, fabrication imperfections, and environmental effects. As a solution to this, Multi DoF vibratory gyroscopes have been introduced. The Multi DoF system proposed here consists of 2 DoF drive and sense mode vibrations. During the design procedure of the system, structural parameters are optimized to obtain a constant amplitude flat operational frequency region with a wider bandwidth. In addition to that Dynamic Amplification increases the sensitivity. Drive mode forced vibration is actuated electrostatically and suspension structure was chosen to minimize the quadrature error. The device uses capacitive sensing to measure angular velocity. Further, SOI(Silicon on Insulator) based fabrication process is proposed to fabricate the 4 DoF vibratory gyroscope.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"6 1","pages":"728-733"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84996902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525639
Menaka Moonamaldeniya, V.R.S.C. Priyashantha, M. Gunathilake, Y.M.P.B. Ransinghe, A. Ratnayake, P. Abeygunawardhana
Attacks on mobile devices have gained a significant amount of attention lately. This is because more and more individuals are switching to smartphones from traditional non-smartphones. Therefore, attackers or cybercriminals are now getting on the bandwagon to have an opportunity at obtaining information stored on smartphones. In this paper, we present an Android mobile application that will aid to minimize data exfiltration from attacks, such as, Acoustic Side-Channel Attack, Clipboard Jacking, Permission Misuse and Malicious Apps. This paper will commence its inception with an introduction explaining the current issues in general and how attacks such as side-channel attacks and clipboard jacking paved the way for data exfiltration. We will also discuss a few already existing solutions that try to mitigate these problems. Moving on to the methodology we will emphasize how we came about the solution and what methods we followed to achieve the end goal of securing the smartphone. In the final section, we will discuss the outcomes of the project and conclude what needs to be done in the future to enhance this project so that this mobile application will continue to keep the user's data safe from the criminals' grasps.
{"title":"Prevent Data Exfiltration on Smart Phones Using Audio Distortion and Machine Learning","authors":"Menaka Moonamaldeniya, V.R.S.C. Priyashantha, M. Gunathilake, Y.M.P.B. Ransinghe, A. Ratnayake, P. Abeygunawardhana","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525639","url":null,"abstract":"Attacks on mobile devices have gained a significant amount of attention lately. This is because more and more individuals are switching to smartphones from traditional non-smartphones. Therefore, attackers or cybercriminals are now getting on the bandwagon to have an opportunity at obtaining information stored on smartphones. In this paper, we present an Android mobile application that will aid to minimize data exfiltration from attacks, such as, Acoustic Side-Channel Attack, Clipboard Jacking, Permission Misuse and Malicious Apps. This paper will commence its inception with an introduction explaining the current issues in general and how attacks such as side-channel attacks and clipboard jacking paved the way for data exfiltration. We will also discuss a few already existing solutions that try to mitigate these problems. Moving on to the methodology we will emphasize how we came about the solution and what methods we followed to achieve the end goal of securing the smartphone. In the final section, we will discuss the outcomes of the project and conclude what needs to be done in the future to enhance this project so that this mobile application will continue to keep the user's data safe from the criminals' grasps.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"18 1","pages":"345-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85334434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525793
O.G.S. Pandipperuma, R.P.D. Niranjana, H. Kumarasiri, J. Gamage, K. Mangala
Virgin coconut oil manufacturing is one of the major products for both export and local markets in Sri Lanka. Most of the large and small-scale manufacturers encounter many issues in the process of de-shelling in terms of both safety and productivity. On average at least 5 accidents are reported to have occurred in the industry per month. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce an improved de-shelling mechanism that helps coconut oil manufacturers to increase their operator safety and productivity. The safety and performance parameters of the de-shelling operation were established using a review of the literature. Then the existing coconut de-shelling operation was analyzed for its safety and productivity using an industrial case study. Basic concepts were generated and evaluated to develop a final design using the fundamental machine design principles. The developed concepts were tested by benchmarking against the safety and productivity Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) using 3D modelling, and experiments. The proposed solution offers promising results to address the safety and productivity issues. However, there is room for further improvements in bringing the design up to the commercial.
{"title":"Developing a Coconut De-Shelling Mechanism for Improved Safety and Productivity in Virgin Coconut Oil Production","authors":"O.G.S. Pandipperuma, R.P.D. Niranjana, H. Kumarasiri, J. Gamage, K. Mangala","doi":"10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon52712.2021.9525793","url":null,"abstract":"Virgin coconut oil manufacturing is one of the major products for both export and local markets in Sri Lanka. Most of the large and small-scale manufacturers encounter many issues in the process of de-shelling in terms of both safety and productivity. On average at least 5 accidents are reported to have occurred in the industry per month. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce an improved de-shelling mechanism that helps coconut oil manufacturers to increase their operator safety and productivity. The safety and performance parameters of the de-shelling operation were established using a review of the literature. Then the existing coconut de-shelling operation was analyzed for its safety and productivity using an industrial case study. Basic concepts were generated and evaluated to develop a final design using the fundamental machine design principles. The developed concepts were tested by benchmarking against the safety and productivity Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) using 3D modelling, and experiments. The proposed solution offers promising results to address the safety and productivity issues. However, there is room for further improvements in bringing the design up to the commercial.","PeriodicalId":6855,"journal":{"name":"2021 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon)","volume":"8 1","pages":"208-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89047987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}