Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.14714
Hrant TERLEMEZYAN, Masis SARGSYAN, Harutyun HARUTYUNYAN, Noushig ZARIKIAN, Sona SARGSYAN, Gabriel KARAPETYAN, Habetnak MKRTCHYAN
Using chemical pesticides has adverse effects on the environment and humans. Bacterial preparations may provide an alternative to chemical pesticides. The study aims to test different combinations of sublethal concentrations of bacterial and chemical preparations against cabbage moth larvae. During 2020-2022 different combinations of sublethal concentrations of bacterial (Lepidocide) and chemical (Arrivo, Voliam Flexi, Proclaim Fit) preparations were tested in laboratory and field conditions, against cabbage moth young larvae (stage I-II). The combinations of insecticides with bacterial and chemical sublethal concentrations show high biological efficiency against the cabbage moth larvae. No statistical difference was found between the efficiency indicators of the combined and standard chemical (Arrivo, Voliam Flexi, Proclaim Fit) options and the significance level was generally between 2.0 and 5.9 %, showing that the results of the scientific experiments are reliable.
{"title":"Results of testing of the efficacy of sublethal concentrations of bacterial-chemical insecticides combinations against cabbage moth larvae","authors":"Hrant TERLEMEZYAN, Masis SARGSYAN, Harutyun HARUTYUNYAN, Noushig ZARIKIAN, Sona SARGSYAN, Gabriel KARAPETYAN, Habetnak MKRTCHYAN","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.14714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.14714","url":null,"abstract":"Using chemical pesticides has adverse effects on the environment and humans. Bacterial preparations may provide an alternative to chemical pesticides. The study aims to test different combinations of sublethal concentrations of bacterial and chemical preparations against cabbage moth larvae. During 2020-2022 different combinations of sublethal concentrations of bacterial (Lepidocide) and chemical (Arrivo, Voliam Flexi, Proclaim Fit) preparations were tested in laboratory and field conditions, against cabbage moth young larvae (stage I-II). The combinations of insecticides with bacterial and chemical sublethal concentrations show high biological efficiency against the cabbage moth larvae. No statistical difference was found between the efficiency indicators of the combined and standard chemical (Arrivo, Voliam Flexi, Proclaim Fit) options and the significance level was generally between 2.0 and 5.9 %, showing that the results of the scientific experiments are reliable.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135345403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.12555
Maryam KOLAHI, Elham Mohajel KAZEMI, Milad YAZDI, Mina KAZEMIAN, Andre GOLDSON-BARNABY
Heavy metal contamination can have a strong effect on the morphological and physiological characteristics of plants. In the present study, Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) was exposed to different concentrations of cadmium (control, 2, 4, 8 μg Cd g-1 perlite) and the effect on plant growth and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. The observed morphological changes in chickpea plant included stunted growth, reduced root system development and plant color change. A significant increase in enzyme activity of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase was observed at 4 μg Cd g-1 perlite, with a subsequent decrease when concentration was increased to 8 μg Cd g-1 perlite in the leaves of the plants. The highest cadmium levels were determined at a concentration of 8 μg Cd g-1 perlite. With the addition of 2 μg Cd g-1 perlite, manganese uptake in the aboveground part of the plant increased significantly, but then decrease at higher cadmium concentrations. In addition, zinc and copper levels decrease in the presence of cadmium. These results indicate that chickpea has a relatively high adsorption capacity for cadmium in aboveground tissues and special precautions should be taken when growing chickpea. In silico analysis led to the identification of 13 heavy metal ATPases (HMAs) in chickpea. These proteins contain 130 to 1032 amino acids with 3 to 18 exons. They are involved in the transfer of cadmium and zinc and help in heavy metal detoxification of plants. Bioinformatics studies have been conducted to better understand the mechanism by which the plant is able to combat heavy metal stress.
重金属污染会对植物的形态和生理特性产生强烈的影响。以鹰嘴豆为研究对象，研究了不同浓度镉(对照、2、4、8 μg Cd g-1珍珠岩)对其生长和抗氧化酶的影响。观察到的鹰嘴豆植株形态变化包括生长发育迟缓、根系发育减少和植株颜色变化。Cd g-1珍珠岩浓度为4 μg时，叶片过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性显著升高，Cd g-1珍珠岩浓度为8 μg时，叶片过氧化物酶活性下降。在8 μg Cd g-1珍珠岩浓度时镉含量最高。添加2 μg Cd -1珍珠岩后，植株地上部分对锰的吸收量显著增加，但随着镉浓度的升高，吸收量下降。此外，锌和铜的含量在镉的存在下会下降。以上结果表明，鹰嘴豆对镉在地上组织中具有较高的吸附能力，种植鹰嘴豆时应特别注意。在鹰嘴豆中鉴定出13种重金属atp酶(HMAs)。这些蛋白质含有130到1032个氨基酸，有3到18个外显子。它们参与镉和锌的转移，并有助于植物的重金属解毒。生物信息学研究已经开展，以更好地了解植物能够对抗重金属胁迫的机制。
{"title":"Investigating the growth characteristics, oxidative stress, and metal absorption of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under cadmium stress and in silico features of HMAs proteins","authors":"Maryam KOLAHI, Elham Mohajel KAZEMI, Milad YAZDI, Mina KAZEMIAN, Andre GOLDSON-BARNABY","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.12555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.12555","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal contamination can have a strong effect on the morphological and physiological characteristics of plants. In the present study, Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) was exposed to different concentrations of cadmium (control, 2, 4, 8 μg Cd g-1 perlite) and the effect on plant growth and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. The observed morphological changes in chickpea plant included stunted growth, reduced root system development and plant color change. A significant increase in enzyme activity of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase was observed at 4 μg Cd g-1 perlite, with a subsequent decrease when concentration was increased to 8 μg Cd g-1 perlite in the leaves of the plants. The highest cadmium levels were determined at a concentration of 8 μg Cd g-1 perlite. With the addition of 2 μg Cd g-1 perlite, manganese uptake in the aboveground part of the plant increased significantly, but then decrease at higher cadmium concentrations. In addition, zinc and copper levels decrease in the presence of cadmium. These results indicate that chickpea has a relatively high adsorption capacity for cadmium in aboveground tissues and special precautions should be taken when growing chickpea. In silico analysis led to the identification of 13 heavy metal ATPases (HMAs) in chickpea. These proteins contain 130 to 1032 amino acids with 3 to 18 exons. They are involved in the transfer of cadmium and zinc and help in heavy metal detoxification of plants. Bioinformatics studies have been conducted to better understand the mechanism by which the plant is able to combat heavy metal stress.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135345666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.14538
Ivan N. FESENKO, Alexandr V. AMELIN, Aleksey N. FESENKO, Oksana V. BIRYUKOVA, Valeriy V. ZAIKIN, Evgeniy I. CHEKALIN, Roman A. IKUSOV
Contemporary buckwheat breeding in Russia is based mainly on a Mendelian mutation det. Some additional mutations are being considered for inclusion in buckwheat breeding programs. Among them are the nr3 (narrow leaf 3) and dfc (determinate floret cluster). We evaluated the effects of the mutations on both the characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange and the number of seeds per plant. The nr3 reduces the leaf surface area by 1.4 times. The mutant plants show some compensatory increase in photosynthesis rate, which, however, is not enough to reach the level of the source ability as in the wild type since the number of seeds per plant is significantly decreased. The possibility of using this mutation in buckwheat breeding depends on the accumulation of modifiers that increase either leaf size or photosynthesis rate. The reduced number of flowers of the dfs mutation is compensated by an increase in flower fertility, and the number of seeds per plant does not change compared to the wild type. It explains the absence of differences between the dfs and wild type in terms of the photosynthesis rate. This experiment did not reveal any problems for using the dfc mutation in breeding. In general, the results of the work support the photosynthesis rate in buckwheat is regulated based on the source-sink ratio.
{"title":"Do mutations modifying the leaf area (nr3) and the number of potential seeds (dfc) influence photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics in common buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench?","authors":"Ivan N. FESENKO, Alexandr V. AMELIN, Aleksey N. FESENKO, Oksana V. BIRYUKOVA, Valeriy V. ZAIKIN, Evgeniy I. CHEKALIN, Roman A. IKUSOV","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.14538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.3.14538","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary buckwheat breeding in Russia is based mainly on a Mendelian mutation det. Some additional mutations are being considered for inclusion in buckwheat breeding programs. Among them are the nr3 (narrow leaf 3) and dfc (determinate floret cluster). We evaluated the effects of the mutations on both the characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange and the number of seeds per plant. The nr3 reduces the leaf surface area by 1.4 times. The mutant plants show some compensatory increase in photosynthesis rate, which, however, is not enough to reach the level of the source ability as in the wild type since the number of seeds per plant is significantly decreased. The possibility of using this mutation in buckwheat breeding depends on the accumulation of modifiers that increase either leaf size or photosynthesis rate. The reduced number of flowers of the dfs mutation is compensated by an increase in flower fertility, and the number of seeds per plant does not change compared to the wild type. It explains the absence of differences between the dfs and wild type in terms of the photosynthesis rate. This experiment did not reveal any problems for using the dfc mutation in breeding. In general, the results of the work support the photosynthesis rate in buckwheat is regulated based on the source-sink ratio.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135345673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.13593
Z. Eftekhari, Akbar Norastehnia, Zahra Masoudian
This study evaluated the ability of the submerged aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum to remove the Acid Blue 92 (AB92) dye. The effect of some operational parameters such as the reaction time, initial dye concentration, initial plant biomass, and pH, on dye removal efficiency was studied. Based on Taguchi’s results, the optimized conditions for dye removal were time 7 days, dye concentration 20 mg l-1, initial plant biomass 4 g, and initial pH 5. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the interaction between dye molecules and plants. Based on the results of this study, C. demersum had a reusability to remove the dye, this fact confirming the mechanism of biodegradation in the dye removal process. Also, the effect of AB92 on the physiological responses of C. demersum was investigated. Minimum relative growth rate, tolerance index, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoids at a concentration of 20 mg l-1 of AB92 were observed. The concentration of cyanidin glycoside, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity increased in both concentrations of 10 and 20 mg l-1. It can be concluded that both concentrations of AB92 induced antioxidant activity and the risk of oxidative stress for Ceratophyllum.
{"title":"Biodecolorization of azo dye Acid Blue 92 (AB92) by Ceratophyllum de-mersum L.: process optimization using Taguchi method and toxicity as-sessment","authors":"Z. Eftekhari, Akbar Norastehnia, Zahra Masoudian","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.13593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.13593","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the ability of the submerged aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum to remove the Acid Blue 92 (AB92) dye. The effect of some operational parameters such as the reaction time, initial dye concentration, initial plant biomass, and pH, on dye removal efficiency was studied. Based on Taguchi’s results, the optimized conditions for dye removal were time 7 days, dye concentration 20 mg l-1, initial plant biomass 4 g, and initial pH 5. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the interaction between dye molecules and plants. Based on the results of this study, C. demersum had a reusability to remove the dye, this fact confirming the mechanism of biodegradation in the dye removal process. Also, the effect of AB92 on the physiological responses of C. demersum was investigated. Minimum relative growth rate, tolerance index, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoids at a concentration of 20 mg l-1 of AB92 were observed. The concentration of cyanidin glycoside, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant activity increased in both concentrations of 10 and 20 mg l-1. It can be concluded that both concentrations of AB92 induced antioxidant activity and the risk of oxidative stress for Ceratophyllum.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74301798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2975
I. Bouhidel, N. Lombarkia, S. Razi
Foliar spraying of infradoses of sugars (glucose, fructose or sucrose) induces plant resistance to pests that are particularly difficult to combat. These include thrips, which can cause flower abortion, stunting and deformation of olives, resulting in significant crop losses. Randomised block trials were conducted during three years (2017 to 2019), on two cultivars Chemlal and Sigoise, in an olive grove in Batna province (Algeria), with the aim of determining the most effective dose and type of sugar on thrips populations, and to evaluate the effectiveness of combining sugar with chemical treatment, as well as the possibility of reducing the dose of the latter. The results showed that sucrose at a concentration of 100 ppm was the most effective and that the efficacy of sucrose was higher than that of glucose and fructose, on both cultivars tested. The combination of sucrose with insecticide resulted in a synergistic effect and a higher efficacy gain than sucrose alone, and that the efficacy of the combination sucrose + insecticide at low dose D1 was identical to the combination sucrose + insecticide at recommended dose D2. It is therefore possible to reduce the chemical insecticide dose while maintaining good treatment efficacy for the control of these pests.
{"title":"Use of sugars as alternative to chemical control: trials carried out on thrips associated with olive tree","authors":"I. Bouhidel, N. Lombarkia, S. Razi","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2975","url":null,"abstract":"Foliar spraying of infradoses of sugars (glucose, fructose or sucrose) induces plant resistance to pests that are particularly difficult to combat. These include thrips, which can cause flower abortion, stunting and deformation of olives, resulting in significant crop losses. Randomised block trials were conducted during three years (2017 to 2019), on two cultivars Chemlal and Sigoise, in an olive grove in Batna province (Algeria), with the aim of determining the most effective dose and type of sugar on thrips populations, and to evaluate the effectiveness of combining sugar with chemical treatment, as well as the possibility of reducing the dose of the latter. The results showed that sucrose at a concentration of 100 ppm was the most effective and that the efficacy of sucrose was higher than that of glucose and fructose, on both cultivars tested. The combination of sucrose with insecticide resulted in a synergistic effect and a higher efficacy gain than sucrose alone, and that the efficacy of the combination sucrose + insecticide at low dose D1 was identical to the combination sucrose + insecticide at recommended dose D2. It is therefore possible to reduce the chemical insecticide dose while maintaining good treatment efficacy for the control of these pests.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75935179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.12480
J. Obi, C. Ifejirika, K. Itam, A. Enete, J. Munonye, E. Osuji, D. Oyoboh, S. Jimmy, C. Egwu, C. Nwachukwu, A. Obetta, C. Nwofoke, N. Odoh
An assessment of the performance of emergency management agency in mitigating natural hazards among farm households in Southeast Zone, Nigeria was studied. About 240 farm households who were administered questionnaire were chosen from the states’ flood- and erosion-prone regions using multi-stage sampling technique. The results indicate that the EmergencyManagement Based-Performance Index’s average level of national emergency management activities was 57.33. The total average ratings of the National Emergency Management Agency/State Emergency Management Agency performance indicators based on their usefulness as a measure of natural hazard were estimated as 47.8% which showed that the NEMA/SEMA key performance indicators’ degree of effectiveness in hazard management is deemed to be below average of the index. These key performance indicators (KPI) include; distribution of food, provision of seedlings, provision of agro-chemical, training of farmers on postharvest crop preservation, use of weather, rehabilitation of water resources, expansion of irrigation facilities, distribution of fingerlings, provision of household items. The highest weighted score assigned to the distribution of food was 2.89, indicating that it is 57.8% successin mitigating natural disasters, while the average weight score allocated to the distribution of seedlings was 2.62, indicating a 52.4% degree of efficacy. However, the study recommends that the funds allotted to NEMA/SEMA should be monitored to ensure it is utilized in achieving its stated aims and objectives.
{"title":"An assessment of the performance of emergency management agency in the natural hazards management among farm households in the southeast zone, Nigeria","authors":"J. Obi, C. Ifejirika, K. Itam, A. Enete, J. Munonye, E. Osuji, D. Oyoboh, S. Jimmy, C. Egwu, C. Nwachukwu, A. Obetta, C. Nwofoke, N. Odoh","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.12480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.12480","url":null,"abstract":"An assessment of the performance of emergency management agency in mitigating natural hazards among farm households in Southeast Zone, Nigeria was studied. About 240 farm households who were administered questionnaire were chosen from the states’ flood- and erosion-prone regions using multi-stage sampling technique. The results indicate that the EmergencyManagement Based-Performance Index’s average level of national emergency management activities was 57.33. The total average ratings of the National Emergency Management Agency/State Emergency Management Agency performance indicators based on their usefulness as a measure of natural hazard were estimated as 47.8% which showed that the NEMA/SEMA key performance indicators’ degree of effectiveness in hazard management is deemed to be below average of the index. These key performance indicators (KPI) include; distribution of food, provision of seedlings, provision of agro-chemical, training of farmers on postharvest crop preservation, use of weather, rehabilitation of water resources, expansion of irrigation facilities, distribution of fingerlings, provision of household items. The highest weighted score assigned to the distribution of food was 2.89, indicating that it is 57.8% successin mitigating natural disasters, while the average weight score allocated to the distribution of seedlings was 2.62, indicating a 52.4% degree of efficacy. However, the study recommends that the funds allotted to NEMA/SEMA should be monitored to ensure it is utilized in achieving its stated aims and objectives.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81183274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2680
I. Nikolova
The study aimed to evaluate the responsible traits of preference of Aphis fabae to Vicia faba cultivars and their stability in multi-environment field tests. The experiment was carried out at the Institute of Forage Crops (Pleven) during the period 2016 to 2018. Aphid infestation was assessed by recording the number per plant at the pod formation, while the chemical composition was determined by standard Weende system methods. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the aphid density was negatively correlated with the amount of rainfall and humidity until aphids were positively correlated with the temperature. According to GGE biplot analysis cultivar Fb 3270, followed by BGE 029055 and BGE 002106 were stable with a low density of aphids and were defined as tolerant. A significant negative correlation was found between the density of aphids and plant height (r = -0.447). The protein content showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0,686), while phosphorus and cyanogenic glycoside concentration were significantly negatively correlated with the aphid incidence (r = -0.411, r = -0.685, respectively). The results lay the groundwork for further analyses to finely dissect A. fabae tolerance in V. faba and pave the way for the development of methods to predict ...
{"title":"Stability of Vicia faba L. cultivars and responsible traits for Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 preference","authors":"I. Nikolova","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2680","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to evaluate the responsible traits of preference of Aphis fabae to Vicia faba cultivars and their stability in multi-environment field tests. The experiment was carried out at the Institute of Forage Crops (Pleven) during the period 2016 to 2018. Aphid infestation was assessed by recording the number per plant at the pod formation, while the chemical composition was determined by standard Weende system methods. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the aphid density was negatively correlated with the amount of rainfall and humidity until aphids were positively correlated with the temperature. According to GGE biplot analysis cultivar Fb 3270, followed by BGE 029055 and BGE 002106 were stable with a low density of aphids and were defined as tolerant. A significant negative correlation was found between the density of aphids and plant height (r = -0.447). The protein content showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0,686), while phosphorus and cyanogenic glycoside concentration were significantly negatively correlated with the aphid incidence (r = -0.411, r = -0.685, respectively). The results lay the groundwork for further analyses to finely dissect A. fabae tolerance in V. faba and pave the way for the development of methods to predict ...","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90889791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.13320
Tasnima Husna, M. Mohi-Ud-Din, M. Hasan, Anika Nazran, H. Khan, J. Hassan, Md Neamul Hasan Shovon, T. Ghosh
Paederia foetida L. is widely used for the treatment of myriad ailments. Thus, searching for plant parts having greater antioxidant potential would make it easy to get suitable materials for herbal drugs. The present effort was made to explore the antioxidant potentials in the plant parts of P. foetida grown under natural conditions by means of physiological and biochemical analyses. The young leaves showed the highest reservoir of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as chlorophylls (0.96 mg g-1), carotenoids (0.43 mg g-1), anthocyanins (53.99 µg g-1), phenolics (728.24 µg g-1), flavonoids (4178.05 µg g-1), and proline (1.46 µmol g-1) as compared to others. Total antioxidant activity was found to be the highest in young leaves (84.82 %) followed by young stems (80.24 %) and matured leaves (79.78 %). Analysis of enzymatic antioxidants resulted in the superior activity of ascorbate peroxidase (13.58 µmol min-1 mg-1) and glutathione S-transferase (3409 nmol min-1 mg-1) in young leaves whereas the highest rate of catalase (409.85 µmol min-1 mg-1) and peroxidase (3.5 nmol min-1 mg-1) activity were found in matured leaves. However, comparatively higher content of reactive oxygen species; hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation product; malondialdehyde in matured leaves than that of young leaves suggests that young leaf is a suitable source for herbal medicine.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of antioxidant potential in leaf, stem, and root of Paederia foetida L.","authors":"Tasnima Husna, M. Mohi-Ud-Din, M. Hasan, Anika Nazran, H. Khan, J. Hassan, Md Neamul Hasan Shovon, T. Ghosh","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.13320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.13320","url":null,"abstract":"Paederia foetida L. is widely used for the treatment of myriad ailments. Thus, searching for plant parts having greater antioxidant potential would make it easy to get suitable materials for herbal drugs. The present effort was made to explore the antioxidant potentials in the plant parts of P. foetida grown under natural conditions by means of physiological and biochemical analyses. The young leaves showed the highest reservoir of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as chlorophylls (0.96 mg g-1), carotenoids (0.43 mg g-1), anthocyanins (53.99 µg g-1), phenolics (728.24 µg g-1), flavonoids (4178.05 µg g-1), and proline (1.46 µmol g-1) as compared to others. Total antioxidant activity was found to be the highest in young leaves (84.82 %) followed by young stems (80.24 %) and matured leaves (79.78 %). Analysis of enzymatic antioxidants resulted in the superior activity of ascorbate peroxidase (13.58 µmol min-1 mg-1) and glutathione S-transferase (3409 nmol min-1 mg-1) in young leaves whereas the highest rate of catalase (409.85 µmol min-1 mg-1) and peroxidase (3.5 nmol min-1 mg-1) activity were found in matured leaves. However, comparatively higher content of reactive oxygen species; hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation product; malondialdehyde in matured leaves than that of young leaves suggests that young leaf is a suitable source for herbal medicine.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89570698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2224
Khaled Boufares, M. Kouadria, M. Karima, Yahia Naima Merdjet
The aim of this work is to evaluate the seedling growth and physiology status of wheat seeds inoculated with a suspension of eight plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolates. For this purpose, rhizobacteria strains were isolated from the roots of native plants growing in the Algerian steppe, then evaluated for their plant growth promotion (PGP) features, and finally applied on wheat seeds. The obtained results showed that the majority of the tested strains displayed pertinent PGP features. In in vitro experiments, results showed that salinity affected negatively seed germination and impaired plant growth while the inoculation with BC3, BC6 and BC7 strains induced a good germination rate and improved significantly the root length. In greenhouse experience, data demonstrated that non-inoculated plants accumulated a significant amount of osmoregulators (proline and glycine betaine), and recorded a decrease of their chlorophyll content, compared to inoculated plants, where the salinity tolerance of this latter has been much better with a high seedling growth as well as high chlorophyll and low osmolyte contents. The results may be a useful extension of our knowledge of the interaction between plant and PGPR, in view of their possible applications as a biofertilizer to improve plant growth in salinity-impacted regions.
{"title":"Investigating the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria isolates on germination and physiology status of durum wheat under salt stress","authors":"Khaled Boufares, M. Kouadria, M. Karima, Yahia Naima Merdjet","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2224","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to evaluate the seedling growth and physiology status of wheat seeds inoculated with a suspension of eight plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolates. For this purpose, rhizobacteria strains were isolated from the roots of native plants growing in the Algerian steppe, then evaluated for their plant growth promotion (PGP) features, and finally applied on wheat seeds. The obtained results showed that the majority of the tested strains displayed pertinent PGP features. In in vitro experiments, results showed that salinity affected negatively seed germination and impaired plant growth while the inoculation with BC3, BC6 and BC7 strains induced a good germination rate and improved significantly the root length. In greenhouse experience, data demonstrated that non-inoculated plants accumulated a significant amount of osmoregulators (proline and glycine betaine), and recorded a decrease of their chlorophyll content, compared to inoculated plants, where the salinity tolerance of this latter has been much better with a high seedling growth as well as high chlorophyll and low osmolyte contents. The results may be a useful extension of our knowledge of the interaction between plant and PGPR, in view of their possible applications as a biofertilizer to improve plant growth in salinity-impacted regions.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74935824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2645
M. Saadatian, Haval Abdullah, F. Yousif, Rwa Askandar, Roya Rizgar, M. Saber
Pomegranate fruits are highly diverse and may be divided into geographical groupings based on their characteristics. Genetic research has verified these categories in recent years and further categorized variants into geographic-genetic groupings. This study aimed to assess the biochemical contents of eight varieties of pomegranate fruit seed and the categorization of pomegranate using multivariate statistical analysis. Polyphenolic chemicals are key secondary metabolites in pomegranate, and their presence influences the quality and sensory qualities of the fruit they produce. Fruit extracts from the Faqyan cultivar contained the highest total phenolic content of all studied cultivars. Pomegranate cultivars such as Shaqlawa, Halabja Sour, and Faqyan were shown to have the highest antioxidant activity. Gallic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, rutin, apigenin, rosmaric acid, and quercetin were the most abundant phytochemical components in the study. According to the results of multivariate analysis, pomegranate cultivars were divided into four major groups. The pomegranate fruit seed is the most abundant source of antioxidants and beneficial phytochemical elements. Finally, the Sidakan Sweet and Shaqlawa cultivars included a significant content polyphenolic compounds.
{"title":"Classification of pomegranate cultivars by multivariate analysis of biochemical constituents of HPLC","authors":"M. Saadatian, Haval Abdullah, F. Yousif, Rwa Askandar, Roya Rizgar, M. Saber","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.2.2645","url":null,"abstract":"Pomegranate fruits are highly diverse and may be divided into geographical groupings based on their characteristics. Genetic research has verified these categories in recent years and further categorized variants into geographic-genetic groupings. This study aimed to assess the biochemical contents of eight varieties of pomegranate fruit seed and the categorization of pomegranate using multivariate statistical analysis. Polyphenolic chemicals are key secondary metabolites in pomegranate, and their presence influences the quality and sensory qualities of the fruit they produce. Fruit extracts from the Faqyan cultivar contained the highest total phenolic content of all studied cultivars. Pomegranate cultivars such as Shaqlawa, Halabja Sour, and Faqyan were shown to have the highest antioxidant activity. Gallic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, rutin, apigenin, rosmaric acid, and quercetin were the most abundant phytochemical components in the study. According to the results of multivariate analysis, pomegranate cultivars were divided into four major groups. The pomegranate fruit seed is the most abundant source of antioxidants and beneficial phytochemical elements. Finally, the Sidakan Sweet and Shaqlawa cultivars included a significant content polyphenolic compounds.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74636493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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