Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2940
Behzad NEZHADASAD-AGHBASH, T. Radjabian, R. Hajiboland
Halophytes exhibit a high cross-tolerance to multiple stresses that enable them to survive under harsh environmental conditions. We hypothesized that salt treatment in halophytes improves their tolerance against other stressors. To investigate the salt-mediated heavy metal tolerance in halophytes, Lepidium latifolium (Brassicaceae) was cultivated in the absence or presence of salt (100 mM NaCl) and excess Zn (200 μM ZnSO4), alone or in combination, for four weeks in the hydroponic medium. Salt treatment ameliorated the reduction of photosynthetic pigments in Zn-stressed plants and decreased Zn accumulation in the young leaves. The activity of peroxidase increased by both Zn toxicity and salt treatments; its maximum activity was achieved under the combination of both treatments associated with a significant reduction in malondialdehyde concentration. The activity of polyphenol oxidase increased by Zn stress alone or in combination with salt, accompanied by accumulation of free and cell wall-bound phenolics and enhanced lignin deposition in the leaves. Our results showed a mitigating effect of salt treatment in Zn-stressed plants through the activation of antioxidant defense and accumulation of phenolic compounds including flavonoids. Our results suggest L. latifolium as suitable species for revegetation and rehabilitation of saline soils contaminated with heavy metals.
盐生植物表现出对多种胁迫的高度交叉耐受性，使它们能够在恶劣的环境条件下生存。我们假设盐生植物的盐处理提高了它们对其他胁迫的耐受性。为了研究盐生植物对盐介导的重金属的耐受性，在无盐或有盐(100 mM NaCl)和过量锌(200 μM ZnSO4)的条件下，在水培培养基中单独或联合培养了4周的latifolium (Brassicaceae)。盐处理改善了锌胁迫植株光合色素的减少，降低了幼叶锌的积累。锌和盐处理均能提高过氧化物酶活性;它的最大活性是在两种处理的组合下实现的，并显著降低丙二醛浓度。锌胁迫和盐胁迫均提高了多酚氧化酶活性，增加了游离酚和细胞壁结合酚类物质的积累，增加了叶片中木质素的沉积。结果表明，盐处理通过激活锌胁迫植物的抗氧化防御和类黄酮等酚类化合物的积累而起到缓解锌胁迫的作用。结果表明，在重金属污染的盐渍土壤中，latifolium是一种适宜的植被恢复树种。
{"title":"Tolerance to Zn toxicity in the halophyte Lepidium latifolium L. and the effect of salt on Zn tolerance and accumulation","authors":"Behzad NEZHADASAD-AGHBASH, T. Radjabian, R. Hajiboland","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2940","url":null,"abstract":"Halophytes exhibit a high cross-tolerance to multiple stresses that enable them to survive under harsh environmental conditions. We hypothesized that salt treatment in halophytes improves their tolerance against other stressors. To investigate the salt-mediated heavy metal tolerance in halophytes, Lepidium latifolium (Brassicaceae) was cultivated in the absence or presence of salt (100 mM NaCl) and excess Zn (200 μM ZnSO4), alone or in combination, for four weeks in the hydroponic medium. Salt treatment ameliorated the reduction of photosynthetic pigments in Zn-stressed plants and decreased Zn accumulation in the young leaves. The activity of peroxidase increased by both Zn toxicity and salt treatments; its maximum activity was achieved under the combination of both treatments associated with a significant reduction in malondialdehyde concentration. The activity of polyphenol oxidase increased by Zn stress alone or in combination with salt, accompanied by accumulation of free and cell wall-bound phenolics and enhanced lignin deposition in the leaves. Our results showed a mitigating effect of salt treatment in Zn-stressed plants through the activation of antioxidant defense and accumulation of phenolic compounds including flavonoids. Our results suggest L. latifolium as suitable species for revegetation and rehabilitation of saline soils contaminated with heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82898953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2914
Luka Batistič, Tanja Bohinc, Aleksander Horvat, Stanislav Trdan
In this article, we focused on an alternative approach of plant protection against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), which is considered the most important pest of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) in the world and also here in Slovenia. We decided to present the use of different inert dusts as a way of controlling the aforementioned pest. We focused on the categorization of powders, the presentation of individual groups of inert dusts and the description of one or more substances belonging to a specific group. In addition to a general presentation and the mode of action of specific inert dusts, we also provided practical examples that show whether the agent/substance has already been used against the Colorado potato beetle. With the aforementioned, we also tried to summarize whether the described substance has the potential to be used in practice or not. We would also like to point out that wood ash and diatomaceous earth are the most promising inert dusts against L. decemlineata. Wood ash is effective against larvae and to a lesser extent also against adults. Diatomaceous earth is also effective in reducing the number of pests on potato plants. Other inert dusts mentioned in scientific literature are probably less effective or have not even been tested or used against this pest yet. Further research, both under laboratory conditions and outdoors, are necessary to definitively determine the effectiveness of this selected inert dusts.
{"title":"Inertni prahovi: alternativni pristop v varstvu rastlin pred koloradskim hroščem (Leptinotarsa decemlineata [Say, 1824], Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)","authors":"Luka Batistič, Tanja Bohinc, Aleksander Horvat, Stanislav Trdan","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2914","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we focused on an alternative approach of plant protection against the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), which is considered the most important pest of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) in the world and also here in Slovenia. We decided to present the use of different inert dusts as a way of controlling the aforementioned pest. We focused on the categorization of powders, the presentation of individual groups of inert dusts and the description of one or more substances belonging to a specific group. In addition to a general presentation and the mode of action of specific inert dusts, we also provided practical examples that show whether the agent/substance has already been used against the Colorado potato beetle. With the aforementioned, we also tried to summarize whether the described substance has the potential to be used in practice or not. We would also like to point out that wood ash and diatomaceous earth are the most promising inert dusts against L. decemlineata. Wood ash is effective against larvae and to a lesser extent also against adults. Diatomaceous earth is also effective in reducing the number of pests on potato plants. Other inert dusts mentioned in scientific literature are probably less effective or have not even been tested or used against this pest yet. Further research, both under laboratory conditions and outdoors, are necessary to definitively determine the effectiveness of this selected inert dusts.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89619477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2682
Shankar Marlabeedu, S. Mishra, H. Sharma, Jagadish Jaba, Ramesh Babu Tatineni, Sridevi Dasari
The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808) is an important pest of several economically important crops, and recently emerged as a serious pest of chickpea in South Central India. We standardized a detached leaf assay technique to evaluate chickpea germplasm and segregating populations for resistance to this pest under laboratory conditions. Two chickpea genotypes ICCL 86111 and ICC 3137 grown under field and greenhouse conditions were used for the detached leaf assay at the vegetative and flowering stages. The terminal branches were infested with 5, 10, 15, and 20 neonate larvae of S. exigua. The test genotypes were also infested with 2, 4, 6 and 8 third-instar larvae at the podding stage. At the vegetative stage, ICCL 86111 suffered less damage than ICC 3137 across infestation levels. The differences in larval survival between the genotypes were significant, and larval survival was lower on ICCL 86111 than on ICC 3137 across infestation levels. The results suggested that infesting the chickpea terminal branches with 10–15 neonate larvae per branch at the vegetative stage or six third-instar larvae at the podding stage can be used to evaluate chickpea genotypes for resistance to S. exigua.
{"title":"Standardization of detached leaf assay to screen chickpeas for resistance to beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808)","authors":"Shankar Marlabeedu, S. Mishra, H. Sharma, Jagadish Jaba, Ramesh Babu Tatineni, Sridevi Dasari","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2682","url":null,"abstract":"The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808) is an important pest of several economically important crops, and recently emerged as a serious pest of chickpea in South Central India. We standardized a detached leaf assay technique to evaluate chickpea germplasm and segregating populations for resistance to this pest under laboratory conditions. Two chickpea genotypes ICCL 86111 and ICC 3137 grown under field and greenhouse conditions were used for the detached leaf assay at the vegetative and flowering stages. The terminal branches were infested with 5, 10, 15, and 20 neonate larvae of S. exigua. The test genotypes were also infested with 2, 4, 6 and 8 third-instar larvae at the podding stage. At the vegetative stage, ICCL 86111 suffered less damage than ICC 3137 across infestation levels. The differences in larval survival between the genotypes were significant, and larval survival was lower on ICCL 86111 than on ICC 3137 across infestation levels. The results suggested that infesting the chickpea terminal branches with 10–15 neonate larvae per branch at the vegetative stage or six third-instar larvae at the podding stage can be used to evaluate chickpea genotypes for resistance to S. exigua.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81197948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2707
Alzahraa Elmadawy, Ahmed Omar, T. Ismail
Stored product pests can cause significant damages and great economic problems in stored commodities and grain cereal. Using synthetic pesticides in the storage pest control has adverse effects on human health. In our study, the toxicity of garlic (Allium sativum) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) essential oils (EOs) impregnating with three types of bags were assessed against Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 adults after different exposure intervals. GC-MS analysis of the investigated EOs revealed that the major components of parsley and garlic were 1, 3, 8-p-menthatriene (23.34 %) and di-allyl disulfide (27.9 %), with (1.40 %) alpha-terpinene and (1 %) of di-alyl tetra-sulfide as minor components respectively. Additionally, comparison the toxicity among the treated bags was assessed based on the LC50 values and a persistence efficiency of the tested EOs was carried out by the LC90 values for each bag type. In all bag types, garlic and parsley had mortality by 100 % for clothes, and 80 % for both plastic and paper bags after 7 days of exposure, respectively. After two and five days of garlic treatment, plastic bags were the most effective, but after seven days of exposure paper bags was more effective than the other two types. Finally, cloth bags treated with EOs were the most effective packaging for insect control, indicating that this approach could be considered as an additional tool to the concept of stored product management.
{"title":"Bags impregnated with garlic (Allium sativum L.) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss) essential oils as a new biopesticide tool for Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 pest control","authors":"Alzahraa Elmadawy, Ahmed Omar, T. Ismail","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2707","url":null,"abstract":"Stored product pests can cause significant damages and great economic problems in stored commodities and grain cereal. Using synthetic pesticides in the storage pest control has adverse effects on human health. In our study, the toxicity of garlic (Allium sativum) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) essential oils (EOs) impregnating with three types of bags were assessed against Trogoderma granarium Everts, 1898 adults after different exposure intervals. GC-MS analysis of the investigated EOs revealed that the major components of parsley and garlic were 1, 3, 8-p-menthatriene (23.34 %) and di-allyl disulfide (27.9 %), with (1.40 %) alpha-terpinene and (1 %) of di-alyl tetra-sulfide as minor components respectively. Additionally, comparison the toxicity among the treated bags was assessed based on the LC50 values and a persistence efficiency of the tested EOs was carried out by the LC90 values for each bag type. In all bag types, garlic and parsley had mortality by 100 % for clothes, and 80 % for both plastic and paper bags after 7 days of exposure, respectively. After two and five days of garlic treatment, plastic bags were the most effective, but after seven days of exposure paper bags was more effective than the other two types. Finally, cloth bags treated with EOs were the most effective packaging for insect control, indicating that this approach could be considered as an additional tool to the concept of stored product management. ","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88120575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2425
A. Saidi, M. Hajkazemian
Genetic diversity is the best way to improve available genetic resources for breeding programs in gerbera. In present study, genetic diversity of 22 gerbera cultivars was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), directly amplified minisatellite DNA (DAMD), and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Average polymorphism information content (PIC) for ISSR, DAMD and RAPD markers was 0.40, 0.41 and 0.40, respectively. Cluster analysis for ISSR, DAMD and RAPD divided the cultivars into three distinct clusters. The comparative analysis of the three markers (ISSR, DAMD and RAPD) showed that DAMD had superiority over RAPD and ISSR in characterization of genetic diversity in Gerbera. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a comparison of performance among DAMD, ISSR and RAPD techniques on a set of gerbera genotypes. Overall, our results showed that DAMD markers well represented different genotypes of gerbera diversity.
{"title":"Comparative assessment of ISSR, DAMD and RAPD markers for evaluation of genetic diversity of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex Hooker f.) cultivars","authors":"A. Saidi, M. Hajkazemian","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2425","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic diversity is the best way to improve available genetic resources for breeding programs in gerbera. In present study, genetic diversity of 22 gerbera cultivars was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), directly amplified minisatellite DNA (DAMD), and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Average polymorphism information content (PIC) for ISSR, DAMD and RAPD markers was 0.40, 0.41 and 0.40, respectively. Cluster analysis for ISSR, DAMD and RAPD divided the cultivars into three distinct clusters. The comparative analysis of the three markers (ISSR, DAMD and RAPD) showed that DAMD had superiority over RAPD and ISSR in characterization of genetic diversity in Gerbera. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a comparison of performance among DAMD, ISSR and RAPD techniques on a set of gerbera genotypes. Overall, our results showed that DAMD markers well represented different genotypes of gerbera diversity.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78838230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The knowledge of correlation and path coefficient analysis allow crop breeders to practice indirect selection to improve traits like grain yield which are complex in nature. The objectives of the present study were to measure association among yield and yield related traits and to identify important traits for indirect selection to improve faba bean grain yield. Eighty-one faba bean accessions were evaluated following 9 × 9 simple lattice design at one of the Bahir Dar University research sites at Mecha district in 2019 rainy cropping season. The result of correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had highly significant (p < 0.01) and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with plant height, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, biomass yield, 100-seed mass and harvest index indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of grain yield with these traits through selection. Path coefficient analysis demonstrated that higher positive direct effects were exerted by biomass yield and harvest index on grain yield both at phenotypic and genotypic levels, as a result, these traits could be used as indirect selection criteria to improve faba bean grain yield.
{"title":"Correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield and yield components of some Ethiopian faba bean (Vicia faba L.) accessions","authors":"Andualem Muche HIYWOTU, Alemu ABATE, Fisseha WOREDE","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2911","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of correlation and path coefficient analysis allow crop breeders to practice indirect selection to improve traits like grain yield which are complex in nature. The objectives of the present study were to measure association among yield and yield related traits and to identify important traits for indirect selection to improve faba bean grain yield. Eighty-one faba bean accessions were evaluated following 9 × 9 simple lattice design at one of the Bahir Dar University research sites at Mecha district in 2019 rainy cropping season. The result of correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had highly significant (p < 0.01) and positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations with plant height, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, biomass yield, 100-seed mass and harvest index indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of grain yield with these traits through selection. Path coefficient analysis demonstrated that higher positive direct effects were exerted by biomass yield and harvest index on grain yield both at phenotypic and genotypic levels, as a result, these traits could be used as indirect selection criteria to improve faba bean grain yield.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136044242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2639
M. Arba, Achraf Essabiri
The effect of removing the spring flush and three irrigation doses on cactus pear’s reflowering and late ripening were studied. Removing the spring flush (scozzolatura practice) and irrigation have a significant effect (p ≤ 0,05) on the reflowering and late ripening of cactus pear. In not irrigated and not scozzolaturated plants (NINSP), the flowering extended from March 10 to May 25, 2017, and the ripening extended from May 20 to August 15, 2017. Whereas, in irrigated and scozzolaturated plants (ISP) the reflowering extended from June 15 to August 24, 2017, and the ripening extended from July 21 to November 20, 2017. The number of growths was higher in ISP (92-103 per plant) than in NINSP (81 per plant). Fruit yield was higher in NINSP (56.2 t ha-1) than in ISP (26.2-36.5 t ha-1), but fruit mass (123-131 g) and fruit length (7.83-7.92 cm) were higher in ISP than in NINSP (fruit mass: 103 g and fruit length: 7.72 cm). The rate of juice in fruits was also higher in ISP (49-55 %) than in NINSP (43 %), and the content of sugars was higher in NINSP (15.20 °Brix) than in ISP (13.83-14.56 °Brix).
{"title":"Effect of removing the spring flush and irrigation on the reflowering and late ripening of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.","authors":"M. Arba, Achraf Essabiri","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2639","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of removing the spring flush and three irrigation doses on cactus pear’s reflowering and late ripening were studied. Removing the spring flush (scozzolatura practice) and irrigation have a significant effect (p ≤ 0,05) on the reflowering and late ripening of cactus pear. In not irrigated and not scozzolaturated plants (NINSP), the flowering extended from March 10 to May 25, 2017, and the ripening extended from May 20 to August 15, 2017. Whereas, in irrigated and scozzolaturated plants (ISP) the reflowering extended from June 15 to August 24, 2017, and the ripening extended from July 21 to November 20, 2017. The number of growths was higher in ISP (92-103 per plant) than in NINSP (81 per plant). Fruit yield was higher in NINSP (56.2 t ha-1) than in ISP (26.2-36.5 t ha-1), but fruit mass (123-131 g) and fruit length (7.83-7.92 cm) were higher in ISP than in NINSP (fruit mass: 103 g and fruit length: 7.72 cm). The rate of juice in fruits was also higher in ISP (49-55 %) than in NINSP (43 %), and the content of sugars was higher in NINSP (15.20 °Brix) than in ISP (13.83-14.56 °Brix).","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73317557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2380
F. Rezanejad, S. Abdirad, Moslem Abarian
Miniature potted rose and Damask rose are important commercial plant cultivars in ornamental horticulture. Root suckers are common rose propagation method, but it is slow and seasonally dependent. In this survey, the propagation of nodal explants of these two species was studied through in vitro regeneration system. 16 and 24 different media were used for study of shoot and root regeneration respectively. The axillary buds were sprouted earlier in miniature rose than R. damascena. Shoot induction and proliferation (shoot ramification and growth) were observed 5 and 17 days after planting in miniature rose and 16 and 38 days in R. damascena respectively. The highest shoot proliferation obtained in media 3 and 7 in miniature rose, and medium 16 for R. damascena. These three media were recorded as optimal media with 100 % shoot proliferation. In these media, root initiation and growth of miniature rose (respectively after 78 and 92 days) was earlier than Damask rose (respectively 125 and 138 days). The successful rooting occurred in three and two media for miniature and Damask rose respectively. Rooting frequency was higher in the half strength MS liquid media than the others. Thus, cultivar potted rose as a modern species is propagated easier than old rose (R. damascena).
{"title":"Comparison of shoot and root regeneration of miniature potted rose (Rosa x hybrida L.) and Damask rose (R. damascena Mill.) in microculture system","authors":"F. Rezanejad, S. Abdirad, Moslem Abarian","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2380","url":null,"abstract":"Miniature potted rose and Damask rose are important commercial plant cultivars in ornamental horticulture. Root suckers are common rose propagation method, but it is slow and seasonally dependent. In this survey, the propagation of nodal explants of these two species was studied through in vitro regeneration system. 16 and 24 different media were used for study of shoot and root regeneration respectively. The axillary buds were sprouted earlier in miniature rose than R. damascena. Shoot induction and proliferation (shoot ramification and growth) were observed 5 and 17 days after planting in miniature rose and 16 and 38 days in R. damascena respectively. The highest shoot proliferation obtained in media 3 and 7 in miniature rose, and medium 16 for R. damascena. These three media were recorded as optimal media with 100 % shoot proliferation. In these media, root initiation and growth of miniature rose (respectively after 78 and 92 days) was earlier than Damask rose (respectively 125 and 138 days). The successful rooting occurred in three and two media for miniature and Damask rose respectively. Rooting frequency was higher in the half strength MS liquid media than the others. Thus, cultivar potted rose as a modern species is propagated easier than old rose (R. damascena).","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76257664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2259
Alphonce Matope, T. Zindove, M. Dhliwayo, M. Chimonyo, M. Tivapasi
High temperatures and frequent heat waves raise concerns about heat stress in cattle in grass-based systems, especially in arid and semiarid areas. This study analysed the relationship between conformation traits and physiological parameters associated with heat stress in Mashona cattle. A total of 200 records from fifty cows were used to study the relationships between seven conformation traits and physiological parameters associated with heat stress. Body conformation traits were categorised into three principal components related to body capacity (body depth, flank circumference, chest girth), frame size (stature and body length), and loose skin fold (navel height and dewlap size). As the size of abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities increased, respiratory rate, heart rate, and rectal temperature decreased significantly, while blood triiodothyronine concentration increased. Cattle with deeper bodies, larger flanks, and larger chest girths had significantly lower heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature but higher blood triiodothyronine concentration than cattle with shallower bodies, smaller flanks, and smaller chest girths. Respiratory rate increased with increasing frame size. Large-framed cattle had significantly higher respiratory rate and lower blood thyroxine concentration. Small-framed cattle with larger chest girth, larger dewlap, and navel farther from the ground surface are better adapted to higher ambient temperatures.
{"title":"Heat tolerance in Mashona beef cows in semi-arid rangelands: does conformation matter?","authors":"Alphonce Matope, T. Zindove, M. Dhliwayo, M. Chimonyo, M. Tivapasi","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2259","url":null,"abstract":"High temperatures and frequent heat waves raise concerns about heat stress in cattle in grass-based systems, especially in arid and semiarid areas. This study analysed the relationship between conformation traits and physiological parameters associated with heat stress in Mashona cattle. A total of 200 records from fifty cows were used to study the relationships between seven conformation traits and physiological parameters associated with heat stress. Body conformation traits were categorised into three principal components related to body capacity (body depth, flank circumference, chest girth), frame size (stature and body length), and loose skin fold (navel height and dewlap size). As the size of abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities increased, respiratory rate, heart rate, and rectal temperature decreased significantly, while blood triiodothyronine concentration increased. Cattle with deeper bodies, larger flanks, and larger chest girths had significantly lower heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature but higher blood triiodothyronine concentration than cattle with shallower bodies, smaller flanks, and smaller chest girths. Respiratory rate increased with increasing frame size. Large-framed cattle had significantly higher respiratory rate and lower blood thyroxine concentration. Small-framed cattle with larger chest girth, larger dewlap, and navel farther from the ground surface are better adapted to higher ambient temperatures.","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87193404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2787
Alessia Gallucci, C. Musarella, A. Cano-Ortiz, J. C. Piñar Fuentes, Ricardo Quinto Canas, C. Villano
Glebionis coronaria is a valuable and medicinal herb native of Mediterranean region. Recently, G. coronaria var. discolor has been elevated to the rank of species as G. discolor (d’Urv.) Canobased on morphological characteristics, distinguishing it from G. coronaria var. coronaria (=G. coronaria). To investigate the genetic basis of this diversity, AFLP markers were applied to genotypes of G. discolor and G. coronaria sampled in three different Mediterranean regions (Italy, Spain, and Portugal). Our results showed that among 1347 fragments identified with five primer combinations 99.55 % were polymorphic. The genetic distance and the Shannon Index values suggested that the two species can be genetically distinguished, but further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
花冠草是一种原产于地中海地区的珍贵药用植物。近年来，冠状螺旋体(G. coronaria var. discolor)已被提升为G. discolor (d 'Urv .)。根据形态特征，将其与冠状花序(G. coronaria var. coronaria)区分开来。良性)。为了研究这种多样性的遗传基础，我们利用AFLP标记对地中海3个不同地区(意大利、西班牙和葡萄牙)的G. discolor和G. coronaria的基因型进行了分析。结果表明，在5个引物组合鉴定的1347个片段中，99.55%为多态性。遗传距离和香农指数表明，这两个物种在遗传上是可以区分的，但需要进一步的研究来证实这一假设。
{"title":"Preliminary assessment of genetic diversity between Glebionis coronaria and G. discolor (Asteraceae) by AFLP markers","authors":"Alessia Gallucci, C. Musarella, A. Cano-Ortiz, J. C. Piñar Fuentes, Ricardo Quinto Canas, C. Villano","doi":"10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2787","url":null,"abstract":"<p class=\"042abstractstekst\"><em>Glebionis coronaria</em> is a valuable and medicinal herb native of Mediterranean region. Recently, <em>G. coronaria</em> var. <em>discolor</em> has been elevated to the rank of species as <em>G. discolor</em> (d’Urv.) Cano<em> </em>based on morphological characteristics, distinguishing it from <em>G. coronaria</em> var. <em>coronaria</em> (=<em>G. coronaria</em>). To investigate the genetic basis of this diversity, AFLP markers were applied to genotypes of <em>G. discolor</em> and <em>G. coronaria</em> sampled in three different Mediterranean regions (Italy, Spain, and Portugal). Our results showed that among 1347 fragments identified with five primer combinations 99.55 % were polymorphic. The genetic distance and the Shannon Index values suggested that the two species can be genetically distinguished, but further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6884,"journal":{"name":"Acta agriculturae Slovenica","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81212980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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