Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004015
Rajnesh Kumar Yadav, A. G, S. Agrawal
Installation of photovoltaic cell has been increasing day by day in industries and houses due to the increase in cost of power. But the major concern for the increase in future usage of the photovoltaic cell depends on the improvement in efficiency. Accumulation of soil and debris in the photo voltaic cell from the environment reduces the efficiency at the considerable level. In this paper, increase in efficiency can be achieved by removing the soil and dust accumulated in the surface of the photovoltaic cell using wiper which has been operated with servomotor, governed by Arduino microcontroller.
{"title":"Efficiency improvement of solar array by mitigating soil loss using Arduino","authors":"Rajnesh Kumar Yadav, A. G, S. Agrawal","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004015","url":null,"abstract":"Installation of photovoltaic cell has been increasing day by day in industries and houses due to the increase in cost of power. But the major concern for the increase in future usage of the photovoltaic cell depends on the improvement in efficiency. Accumulation of soil and debris in the photo voltaic cell from the environment reduces the efficiency at the considerable level. In this paper, increase in efficiency can be achieved by removing the soil and dust accumulated in the surface of the photovoltaic cell using wiper which has been operated with servomotor, governed by Arduino microcontroller.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"44 1","pages":"467-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86851638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004025
M. K. Gupta, G. Singh
In the present work, we have analyzed the effects of dicode coding in a passive optical network based on both wavelength and time division multiplexing (WDM-TDM-PON). By numerical analysis, we observed that network using dicode coding is more tolerant to Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) as compared to traditional Non-return to zero - on-offkeying(NRZOOK) coding. Dispersion degrades the sensitivity of NRZ receiver by 5.5 dB hence limiting the number of users and channel length. With the observations from analysis and results, we suggest the use of Dicode coding to double the number of usersand increase the length of the network by 20percentin respect to NRZ.
{"title":"Group Velocity Dispersion tolerant WDM TDM Passive Optical Networks","authors":"M. K. Gupta, G. Singh","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004025","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, we have analyzed the effects of dicode coding in a passive optical network based on both wavelength and time division multiplexing (WDM-TDM-PON). By numerical analysis, we observed that network using dicode coding is more tolerant to Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) as compared to traditional Non-return to zero - on-offkeying(NRZOOK) coding. Dispersion degrades the sensitivity of NRZ receiver by 5.5 dB hence limiting the number of users and channel length. With the observations from analysis and results, we suggest the use of Dicode coding to double the number of usersand increase the length of the network by 20percentin respect to NRZ.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"9 1","pages":"521-526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89028416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004026
Prerna Gupta, G. Parmar
In this era of internet, protection of digital images has become an important concern. Digital image watermarking is a scheme that has been developed to protect confidential digital images from illegal copy and manipulations. There are various methods of watermarking but to achieve good imperceptibility and robustness, a combined image watermarking algorithm based on Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) has been developed here. Another aim of this paper is to compare the performance of IWT-SVD algorithm at different scaling factors with DWT-SVD technique. The experimental results have been shared for both the techniques and different evaluation parameters such as; Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) have been calculated & compared in tabular forms.
{"title":"Image watermarking using IWT-SVD and its comparative analysis with DWT-SVD","authors":"Prerna Gupta, G. Parmar","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004026","url":null,"abstract":"In this era of internet, protection of digital images has become an important concern. Digital image watermarking is a scheme that has been developed to protect confidential digital images from illegal copy and manipulations. There are various methods of watermarking but to achieve good imperceptibility and robustness, a combined image watermarking algorithm based on Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) has been developed here. Another aim of this paper is to compare the performance of IWT-SVD algorithm at different scaling factors with DWT-SVD technique. The experimental results have been shared for both the techniques and different evaluation parameters such as; Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) have been calculated & compared in tabular forms.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"09 1","pages":"527-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85983938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004008
Bhaswati Medhi, S. Deb
An enhanced broadband conversion scheme is analytically described in a multi-tapered profiled Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) slab for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) using Total Internal Reflection Quasi Phase Matching (TIR-QPM) with due consideration to the optical losses (absorption losses, reflection losses and Goos-Hänchen shift). The effects of variation of the tapering angles and the vertical heights of the ZnSe slab has been studied for generated SHG. Optimizing these parameters, a wider broadband frequency converter with appreciable conversion efficiency can be designed.
{"title":"An analysis on broadband SHG using TIR-QPM in a multi-tapered slab of ZnSe in mid-IR region","authors":"Bhaswati Medhi, S. Deb","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004008","url":null,"abstract":"An enhanced broadband conversion scheme is analytically described in a multi-tapered profiled Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) slab for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) using Total Internal Reflection Quasi Phase Matching (TIR-QPM) with due consideration to the optical losses (absorption losses, reflection losses and Goos-Hänchen shift). The effects of variation of the tapering angles and the vertical heights of the ZnSe slab has been studied for generated SHG. Optimizing these parameters, a wider broadband frequency converter with appreciable conversion efficiency can be designed.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"12 1","pages":"431-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72863856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003974
Anshul Vats, Mona Aggarwal, Swaran Ahuja
In this research paper, we proposed a dual-hop multiple relayed hybrid visible light communication (VLC)-radio frequency (RF) system model which provide fast and secure communication link between hospital and distant laboratory for transmitting the patient's information. In this model information is transmitted from the smart monitoring devices in the form of optical signal via VLC channel towards the array of decode and forward (DF) relays placed on the ceiling of the room in a parallel fashion. A best relay is selected on the basis of the end-to-end signal to noise ratio (SNR) from source to destination. The selected relay then convert and decode the optical signal into its corresponding RF signal and further transmit it to the distant laboratory via RF channel. We first derive the statistical expressions of probability distribution functions (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the end to end signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the dual hop channel. Then, we use these statistical expressions to obtain closed form analytical expression of outage probability of the dual-hop parallel relayed hybrid VLC-RF system. Finally, we investigate the effect of various parameters on the system performance through numerical simulations in MatLab.
{"title":"Modeling and outage analysis of multiple relayed hybrid VLC-RF system","authors":"Anshul Vats, Mona Aggarwal, Swaran Ahuja","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003974","url":null,"abstract":"In this research paper, we proposed a dual-hop multiple relayed hybrid visible light communication (VLC)-radio frequency (RF) system model which provide fast and secure communication link between hospital and distant laboratory for transmitting the patient's information. In this model information is transmitted from the smart monitoring devices in the form of optical signal via VLC channel towards the array of decode and forward (DF) relays placed on the ceiling of the room in a parallel fashion. A best relay is selected on the basis of the end-to-end signal to noise ratio (SNR) from source to destination. The selected relay then convert and decode the optical signal into its corresponding RF signal and further transmit it to the distant laboratory via RF channel. We first derive the statistical expressions of probability distribution functions (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the end to end signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the dual hop channel. Then, we use these statistical expressions to obtain closed form analytical expression of outage probability of the dual-hop parallel relayed hybrid VLC-RF system. Finally, we investigate the effect of various parameters on the system performance through numerical simulations in MatLab.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"18 1","pages":"254-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73045434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003979
Shivani Pahuja, Singara Singh Kasana
Visual cryptographic schemes (VCS) allow one(at the sender side) to encrypt a secret picture (image) into different share images. Here no share image does uncovers any knowledge concerning to the original secret image. This work proposes visual cryptography encryption framework by using an algorithm developed by Floyd and Steinberg's for error diffusion for grayscale as well as color images. Floyd Steinberg diffusion technique continuously delivers(generates) delighting colored halftoned images for our natural vision system of humans. A color image to be protected is taken as input and then this image is decomposed into three separate monochromatic images based on CMY color space. The computer simulation demonstrates that the visual nature and tone (in terms of quality) of the acquired halftoned shares is acceptable.
{"title":"Halftone visual cryptography for color images","authors":"Shivani Pahuja, Singara Singh Kasana","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003979","url":null,"abstract":"Visual cryptographic schemes (VCS) allow one(at the sender side) to encrypt a secret picture (image) into different share images. Here no share image does uncovers any knowledge concerning to the original secret image. This work proposes visual cryptography encryption framework by using an algorithm developed by Floyd and Steinberg's for error diffusion for grayscale as well as color images. Floyd Steinberg diffusion technique continuously delivers(generates) delighting colored halftoned images for our natural vision system of humans. A color image to be protected is taken as input and then this image is decomposed into three separate monochromatic images based on CMY color space. The computer simulation demonstrates that the visual nature and tone (in terms of quality) of the acquired halftoned shares is acceptable.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"13 1","pages":"281-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74319879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003947
Girraj Sharma, Ritu Sharma
Spectrum sensing is the important aspect of cognitive radio (CR). In order to use the vacant spectrum, cognitive radio user must be able to identify the presence of empty spectrum efficiently. A non-cooperative spectrum sensing faces the problem of shadowing and hidden terminal due to which the CR user fails to monitor the vacant spectrum. To solve the problem of hidden terminal and shadowing in non-cooperative spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is used. CSS can be divided in two categories, centralised and distributed. In this paper comparison of centralised and distributed CSS is presented and a cluster based distributed CSS is proposed to improve the performance of spectrum sensing. Mathematical formulas are derived for the different fusion rules for cluster based CSS, further the performance of centralised and distributed CSS is investigated for different fading channels. It is found that performance over Nakagami channels is better than Rayleigh and Rician fading channels.
{"title":"Distributed cooperative spectrum sensing over different fading channels in cognitive radio","authors":"Girraj Sharma, Ritu Sharma","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003947","url":null,"abstract":"Spectrum sensing is the important aspect of cognitive radio (CR). In order to use the vacant spectrum, cognitive radio user must be able to identify the presence of empty spectrum efficiently. A non-cooperative spectrum sensing faces the problem of shadowing and hidden terminal due to which the CR user fails to monitor the vacant spectrum. To solve the problem of hidden terminal and shadowing in non-cooperative spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is used. CSS can be divided in two categories, centralised and distributed. In this paper comparison of centralised and distributed CSS is presented and a cluster based distributed CSS is proposed to improve the performance of spectrum sensing. Mathematical formulas are derived for the different fusion rules for cluster based CSS, further the performance of centralised and distributed CSS is investigated for different fading channels. It is found that performance over Nakagami channels is better than Rayleigh and Rician fading channels.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"17 1","pages":"107-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74119825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003978
Chinnu M. Baby, K. Verma, R. Kumar
Wind power has increased in recent years to meet the growing energy demand. Accurate short term wind energy forecast is important for optimal scheduling of the wind farms. Increasing the accuracy can help the power system operators to increase the reliability of energy supply. A Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Inputs (NARX) Network is applied to predict hourly wind speed and power. Meteorological variables are taken as exogenous variables for wind speed prediction. Geographical area under study is Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. Wind data is obtained for this location from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for one year. Comparison of the wind speed prediction of NARX model with linear regression and persistence model is also carried out. The performance of the test results is done using statistical error measurements like MAE, RMSE and MAPE. The results obtained with NARX network are found to be promising.
{"title":"Short term wind speed forecasting and wind energy estimation: A case study of Rajasthan","authors":"Chinnu M. Baby, K. Verma, R. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8003978","url":null,"abstract":"Wind power has increased in recent years to meet the growing energy demand. Accurate short term wind energy forecast is important for optimal scheduling of the wind farms. Increasing the accuracy can help the power system operators to increase the reliability of energy supply. A Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Inputs (NARX) Network is applied to predict hourly wind speed and power. Meteorological variables are taken as exogenous variables for wind speed prediction. Geographical area under study is Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. Wind data is obtained for this location from National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for one year. Comparison of the wind speed prediction of NARX model with linear regression and persistence model is also carried out. The performance of the test results is done using statistical error measurements like MAE, RMSE and MAPE. The results obtained with NARX network are found to be promising.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"76 1","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76943672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004030
Zaineb Gharsallah, M. Najjar, V. Janyani
In this report, the transmission characteristics of 2-dimensional photonic crystal optical switching are studied. Our structure is consisting of a nonlinear photonic crystal structure without defect, in which we achieve optimal switch effect by adjusting the input power. Owing to the optically modification of the refractive index of Lithium Niobate, we demonstrate an optic switch built on the shift of photonic band gap edge.
{"title":"Optic switch based on Lithium Niobate photonic crystal structure without defect","authors":"Zaineb Gharsallah, M. Najjar, V. Janyani","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004030","url":null,"abstract":"In this report, the transmission characteristics of 2-dimensional photonic crystal optical switching are studied. Our structure is consisting of a nonlinear photonic crystal structure without defect, in which we achieve optimal switch effect by adjusting the input power. Owing to the optically modification of the refractive index of Lithium Niobate, we demonstrate an optic switch built on the shift of photonic band gap edge.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"331 1","pages":"545-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77615666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004047
S. Jain, N. Chaturvedi, S. Gurunarayanan
Using FinFET for designing of SRAM cells has shown a great deal of advantages over planar bulk devices due to the additional control on the gates and due to fully depleted behavior. The improvements have been noted in sub-threshold slope, drive currents, short-channel effects and mismatches. As the memories become denser, the stability of the SRAM cells becomes a point of great concern. This calls for the need of assist circuitry for improving the reliability and stability of the cells. In this work, a write assist technique is discussed to improve the stability of the device. This design decreases the WLCRIT drastically and reduces the write delay of the cell. The simulations have been carried out on HSPICE with 32 nm PTM libraries for FinFET.
{"title":"Design and analysis of 6T SRAM cell with NBL write assist technique using FinFET","authors":"S. Jain, N. Chaturvedi, S. Gurunarayanan","doi":"10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPTELIX.2017.8004047","url":null,"abstract":"Using FinFET for designing of SRAM cells has shown a great deal of advantages over planar bulk devices due to the additional control on the gates and due to fully depleted behavior. The improvements have been noted in sub-threshold slope, drive currents, short-channel effects and mismatches. As the memories become denser, the stability of the SRAM cells becomes a point of great concern. This calls for the need of assist circuitry for improving the reliability and stability of the cells. In this work, a write assist technique is discussed to improve the stability of the device. This design decreases the WLCRIT drastically and reduces the write delay of the cell. The simulations have been carried out on HSPICE with 32 nm PTM libraries for FinFET.","PeriodicalId":6917,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Computer, Communications and Electronics (Comptelix)","volume":"44 1","pages":"639-644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82466858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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