Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16655
Qiao-Yun Zhao, Chun-Quan Zhang, Liang-Yun Guo
Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging method that uses oral gastrointestinal ultrasound contrast agents to fill the stomach cavity and display the structure and lesions of the stomach wall.In recent years,the development of contrast agents and the technological innovations of ultrasound equipment have boosted the unique advantages of this examination technique in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound is becoming an important complementary examination means to gastroscopy and X-ray barium meal examination.In this paper,we summarize the clinical applications of gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound at home and abroad in recent years and systematically analyze its clinical application value and limitations in six aspects:screening and staging of gastric cancer,differentiation and diagnosis of gastric tumors,diagnosis and follow-up of gastritis and gastric ulcers,assessment of gastric contents and gastric volume,evaluation of gastric emptying and gastric motility,and other special applications.
{"title":"Research Progress in Clinical Applications of Gastric Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.","authors":"Qiao-Yun Zhao, Chun-Quan Zhang, Liang-Yun Guo","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging method that uses oral gastrointestinal ultrasound contrast agents to fill the stomach cavity and display the structure and lesions of the stomach wall.In recent years,the development of contrast agents and the technological innovations of ultrasound equipment have boosted the unique advantages of this examination technique in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound is becoming an important complementary examination means to gastroscopy and X-ray barium meal examination.In this paper,we summarize the clinical applications of gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound at home and abroad in recent years and systematically analyze its clinical application value and limitations in six aspects:screening and staging of gastric cancer,differentiation and diagnosis of gastric tumors,diagnosis and follow-up of gastritis and gastric ulcers,assessment of gastric contents and gastric volume,evaluation of gastric emptying and gastric motility,and other special applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"702-709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16557
Ya-Jiao Gan, Qi-Ping Hu, Yi Tang, Zhi-Kui Chen
Gallbladder-duodenal fistula,a severe complication of cholecystitis caused by gallstones,is clinically rare.Its clinical presentation lacks specificity,and conventional preoperative imaging often fails to establish a definitive diagnosis.This report describes a case where a gallbladder-duodenal fistula was diagnosed using oral microbubble ultrasound contrast agent for gastric-duodenal contrast-enhanced ultrasound,providing a novel approach for diagnosing this condition.
{"title":"Gastric-Duodenal Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Gallbladder-Duodenal Fistula:Report of One Case.","authors":"Ya-Jiao Gan, Qi-Ping Hu, Yi Tang, Zhi-Kui Chen","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16557","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gallbladder-duodenal fistula,a severe complication of cholecystitis caused by gallstones,is clinically rare.Its clinical presentation lacks specificity,and conventional preoperative imaging often fails to establish a definitive diagnosis.This report describes a case where a gallbladder-duodenal fistula was diagnosed using oral microbubble ultrasound contrast agent for gastric-duodenal contrast-enhanced ultrasound,providing a novel approach for diagnosing this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"768-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p><p>Objective To assess the blood pressure control and its influencing factors among hypertensive patients in communities in different time periods by 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(24 h ABPM)and provide reference for optimizing the health management services for hypertension in communities. Methods A total of 765 hypertensive patients registered in the hypertension management project of national essential public health services in Sanxiang Town,Zhongshan City from October 2022 to September 2023 were identified as target subjects.The 24 h ABPM devices were distributed for blood pressure monitoring and a questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of blood pressure control. Results Of all the participants,16.5% did not monitor blood pressure regularly,and 59.2% monitored blood pressure 1-2 times per week.The patients who were not on night shifts/staying up late had higher mean rates of achieving the target blood pressure and the circadian rhythm of blood pressure during 24 h,nighttime,and early morning than those who were on night shifts/staying up late(all <i>P</i><0.05).The patients who never drank alcohol had higher rate of achieving the target blood pressure in early morning than those who drank alcohol(<i>P</i>=0.012).The average blood pressure during daytime,nighttime,and 24 h were different by sex(all <i>P</i><0.05).The average blood pressure during nighttime was different by age and job types(all <i>P</i><0.05).The average blood pressure during daytime,nighttime,and 24 h were different in patients with different body weight types(all <i>P</i><0.05).The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that uncontrolled blood pressure during daytime was more likely to occur in male patients(<i>OR</i>=1.394,95%<i>CI</i>=1.045-1.858,<i>P</i>=0.024),and that during nighttime was more likely to be associated with male patients(<i>OR</i>=1.573,95%<i>CI</i>=1.088-2.275,<i>P</i>=0.016)and night shifts(<i>OR</i>=2.467,95%<i>CI</i>=1.198-5.077,<i>P</i>=0.014).It was difficult to achieve blood pressure control in early morning for the patients who drank alcohol for more than three times per week(<i>OR</i>=4.567,95%<i>CI</i>=1.629-12.807,<i>P</i>=0.004),woke up at night(<i>OR</i>=1.800,95%<i>CI</i>=1.125-2.878,<i>P</i>=0.014),and had night shifts(<i>OR</i>=1.579,95%<i>CI</i>=1.102-2.465,<i>P</i>=0.044).The patients on night shifts were more likely to have abnormal circadian rhythm of blood pressure(<i>OR</i>=1.753,95%<i>CI</i>:1.018-3.018,<i>P</i>=0.043). Conclusions The personal characteristics and lifestyle of hypertensive patients significantly affect the blood pressure control in different time periods(daytime,nighttime,and early morning)and the circadian rhythm of blood pressure.The family doctor team of community healthcare institutions can implement targeted and precise intervention measures for hypertensive patients according to the influencing factors of blood pressure control in different
目的通过24 h动态血压监测（24 h ABPM），了解社区高血压患者不同时间段的血压控制情况及其影响因素，为优化社区高血压健康管理服务提供参考。方法选取2022年10月~ 2023年9月中山市三乡镇国家基本公共卫生服务高血压管理项目登记的高血压患者765例作为研究对象。采用24h ABPM装置监测血压，并进行问卷调查，分析血压控制的影响因素。在所有参与者中，16.5%的人没有定期监测血压，59.2%的人每周监测1-2次血压。不上夜班/熬夜的患者在24小时、夜间和清晨达到目标血压和血压昼夜节律的平均率高于上夜班/熬夜的患者(P
{"title":"Comparison of 24 h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in Communities in Different Time Periods and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors.","authors":"Xiang Huang, Hua-Jie Yang, Yong-Jun Zheng, Yu-Ting Li, Jie-Zhen Feng, Hao-Xiang Wang, Ling Wang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16379","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To assess the blood pressure control and its influencing factors among hypertensive patients in communities in different time periods by 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(24 h ABPM)and provide reference for optimizing the health management services for hypertension in communities. Methods A total of 765 hypertensive patients registered in the hypertension management project of national essential public health services in Sanxiang Town,Zhongshan City from October 2022 to September 2023 were identified as target subjects.The 24 h ABPM devices were distributed for blood pressure monitoring and a questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of blood pressure control. Results Of all the participants,16.5% did not monitor blood pressure regularly,and 59.2% monitored blood pressure 1-2 times per week.The patients who were not on night shifts/staying up late had higher mean rates of achieving the target blood pressure and the circadian rhythm of blood pressure during 24 h,nighttime,and early morning than those who were on night shifts/staying up late(all <i>P</i><0.05).The patients who never drank alcohol had higher rate of achieving the target blood pressure in early morning than those who drank alcohol(<i>P</i>=0.012).The average blood pressure during daytime,nighttime,and 24 h were different by sex(all <i>P</i><0.05).The average blood pressure during nighttime was different by age and job types(all <i>P</i><0.05).The average blood pressure during daytime,nighttime,and 24 h were different in patients with different body weight types(all <i>P</i><0.05).The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that uncontrolled blood pressure during daytime was more likely to occur in male patients(<i>OR</i>=1.394,95%<i>CI</i>=1.045-1.858,<i>P</i>=0.024),and that during nighttime was more likely to be associated with male patients(<i>OR</i>=1.573,95%<i>CI</i>=1.088-2.275,<i>P</i>=0.016)and night shifts(<i>OR</i>=2.467,95%<i>CI</i>=1.198-5.077,<i>P</i>=0.014).It was difficult to achieve blood pressure control in early morning for the patients who drank alcohol for more than three times per week(<i>OR</i>=4.567,95%<i>CI</i>=1.629-12.807,<i>P</i>=0.004),woke up at night(<i>OR</i>=1.800,95%<i>CI</i>=1.125-2.878,<i>P</i>=0.014),and had night shifts(<i>OR</i>=1.579,95%<i>CI</i>=1.102-2.465,<i>P</i>=0.044).The patients on night shifts were more likely to have abnormal circadian rhythm of blood pressure(<i>OR</i>=1.753,95%<i>CI</i>:1.018-3.018,<i>P</i>=0.043). Conclusions The personal characteristics and lifestyle of hypertensive patients significantly affect the blood pressure control in different time periods(daytime,nighttime,and early morning)and the circadian rhythm of blood pressure.The family doctor team of community healthcare institutions can implement targeted and precise intervention measures for hypertensive patients according to the influencing factors of blood pressure control in different ","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":"811-821"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16584
Ming-Yue Lü, Su-Su Li, Xin-Hua Zhang
Ménétrier's disease (MD) is a relatively rare special type of gastritis in clinical practice.This article reports the multiple diagnosis and treatment processes of a patient with MD in the northwest plateau region,reviews relevant literature,and summarizes the ultrasonic features of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound in this case and their value in the diagnosis and treatment process.Furthermore,this article discusses the key points of imaging differentiation of MD from chronic hypertrophic gastritis,multiple gastric polyps,gastric cancer,and gastric lymphoma.
{"title":"Ménétrier's Disease:Report of One Case and Literature Review.","authors":"Ming-Yue Lü, Su-Su Li, Xin-Hua Zhang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16584","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ménétrier's disease (MD) is a relatively rare special type of gastritis in clinical practice.This article reports the multiple diagnosis and treatment processes of a patient with MD in the northwest plateau region,reviews relevant literature,and summarizes the ultrasonic features of gastrointestinal contrast-enhanced ultrasound in this case and their value in the diagnosis and treatment process.Furthermore,this article discusses the key points of imaging differentiation of MD from chronic hypertrophic gastritis,multiple gastric polyps,gastric cancer,and gastric lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"762-767"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16266
Yan Li, Wen-Yu Zhang, Zhi Xiao, Xing-Feng Liu
The establishment and development of neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)have significantly increased the survival rate of premature infants.However,the diagnosis,treatment,and surgeries performed in NICU may expose neonates to more noxious stimuli.As the neonatal period is crucial for brain development,these noxious stimuli may cause irreversible damage to the neonatal nervous system.Existing clinical studies have shown that repetitive noxious stimuli during the neonatal period can lead to poor brain development,persistent hyperalgesia,and various sequelae.However,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear,and effective treatment methods are lacking.This article summarizes the effects of repetitive noxious stimuli during the neonatal period on neural development and the complications,aiming to provide a basis for the neonatal analgesia management and the prevention and treatment of related sequelae.
{"title":"Research Progress in Effect of Repetitive Noxious Stimuli in Neonatal Period on Neural Development.","authors":"Yan Li, Wen-Yu Zhang, Zhi Xiao, Xing-Feng Liu","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16266","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The establishment and development of neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)have significantly increased the survival rate of premature infants.However,the diagnosis,treatment,and surgeries performed in NICU may expose neonates to more noxious stimuli.As the neonatal period is crucial for brain development,these noxious stimuli may cause irreversible damage to the neonatal nervous system.Existing clinical studies have shown that repetitive noxious stimuli during the neonatal period can lead to poor brain development,persistent hyperalgesia,and various sequelae.However,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear,and effective treatment methods are lacking.This article summarizes the effects of repetitive noxious stimuli during the neonatal period on neural development and the complications,aiming to provide a basis for the neonatal analgesia management and the prevention and treatment of related sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":"843-849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16604
Guan-Mo Liu, Hua Liang, Yang Gui, Jie Li, Xin Ye, Wei-Ming Kang
Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound includes oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OCUS) and double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS),which can provide valuable clinical information about tumor morphology,vascular characteristics,and treatment responses.OCUS can clearly identify the gastric wall structure and the extent and depth of lesions by applying oral contrast agents.DCEUS,based on OCUS combined with venography,can display the anatomical and perfusion characteristics of lesions.In recent years,gastric contrast agents and imaging techniques have developed rapidly.However,the clinical application of gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound is still in the developmental stage.This article reviews the clinical status of OCUS and DCEUS in the screening,diagnosis,staging,pathological typing,and treatment evaluation of gastric cancer.Studies have shown that gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound has high sensitivity and specificity in the assessment of diagnosis and T-staging of gastric cancer.Furthermore,gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound has the advantages of being cost-effective,convenient,non-invasive,free from radiation exposure,real-time,and easy to repeat.In the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer,it is expected to become one of the important imaging assessment tools.
{"title":"Advances in Clinical Application of Gastric Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Guan-Mo Liu, Hua Liang, Yang Gui, Jie Li, Xin Ye, Wei-Ming Kang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound includes oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OCUS) and double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS),which can provide valuable clinical information about tumor morphology,vascular characteristics,and treatment responses.OCUS can clearly identify the gastric wall structure and the extent and depth of lesions by applying oral contrast agents.DCEUS,based on OCUS combined with venography,can display the anatomical and perfusion characteristics of lesions.In recent years,gastric contrast agents and imaging techniques have developed rapidly.However,the clinical application of gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound is still in the developmental stage.This article reviews the clinical status of OCUS and DCEUS in the screening,diagnosis,staging,pathological typing,and treatment evaluation of gastric cancer.Studies have shown that gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound has high sensitivity and specificity in the assessment of diagnosis and T-staging of gastric cancer.Furthermore,gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound has the advantages of being cost-effective,convenient,non-invasive,free from radiation exposure,real-time,and easy to repeat.In the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer,it is expected to become one of the important imaging assessment tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"716-724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16323
Qiu Xie, Jin Hu, Jian-Ting Li, Ting Zhang
Objective To investigate the effects of folate deficiency on changes in histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) mono-methylation (me1)-marked enhancers and the molecular mechanism underpinning the folate deficiency-induced neural tube defects (NTD). Methods Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were cultured in the folate-free DMEM medium (folate-deficient group) and the DMEM medium containing 4 mg/L folate (normal control group),respectively.Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed for H3K4me1. The mouse model of folate-induced NTD was established,and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed for the brain tissue of fetal mice to reveal the differential expression profiles.The results were validated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).The activity of the differential peak regions of H3K4me1 was verified through the luciferase reporter assay. Results The folate content in the mESCs cultured in the folate-free medium reduced compared with that in the normal control group (P=0.008).The H3K4me1-maked enhancers in the mESCs cultured in the folate-free medium induced significant changes in intronic regions,and these changes were concentrated in metabolic and energy metabolism processes (q=9.56×10-48,P=1.28×10-47).The differentially expressed genes harboring H3K4me1-marked enhancers in mESCs were mainly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway (q=0.004,P=0.004 7).ChIP-qPCR results confirmed that H3K4me1 binding decreased in the differential peak regions of the Ldlrap1 gene (P=0.008),Camta1 gene (P=0.002),and Apc2 gene (P=0.012).The H3K4 demethylase inhibitor T-448 effectively reversed the H3K4me1 binding in the differential peak regions of the aforementioned genes (P=0.01).The results of RNA-seq for the brain tissue of NTD fetal mice showed significant enrichment of the differentially expressed genes in the Wnt signaling pathway (P=1.52×10-5).The enrichment of differential peak regions of H3K4me1-marked enhancers in Apc2,Ldlrap1,and Camta1 genes in the brain tissue also showed significant changes.The differential peak region in Apc2 exhibited transcription factor activity (P=0.020). Conclusion Folate deficiency may affect changes in H3K4me1-marked enhancers to participate in the regulation of neural tube closure genes,thereby inducing the occurrence of NTD.
{"title":"Effect of Folate Deficiency on the Changes of Histone H3 Lysine 4 Monomethylation-Marked Enhancers and Its Molecular Exploration in Low Folate-Induced Neural Tube Defects.","authors":"Qiu Xie, Jin Hu, Jian-Ting Li, Ting Zhang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To investigate the effects of folate deficiency on changes in histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) mono-methylation (me1)-marked enhancers and the molecular mechanism underpinning the folate deficiency-induced neural tube defects (NTD). Methods Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were cultured in the folate-free DMEM medium (folate-deficient group) and the DMEM medium containing 4 mg/L folate (normal control group),respectively.Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed for H3K4me1. The mouse model of folate-induced NTD was established,and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed for the brain tissue of fetal mice to reveal the differential expression profiles.The results were validated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).The activity of the differential peak regions of H3K4me1 was verified through the luciferase reporter assay. Results The folate content in the mESCs cultured in the folate-free medium reduced compared with that in the normal control group (<i>P</i>=0.008).The H3K4me1-maked enhancers in the mESCs cultured in the folate-free medium induced significant changes in intronic regions,and these changes were concentrated in metabolic and energy metabolism processes (<i>q</i>=9.56×10<sup>-48</sup>,<i>P</i>=1.28×10<sup>-47</sup>).The differentially expressed genes harboring H3K4me1-marked enhancers in mESCs were mainly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway (<i>q</i>=0.004,<i>P</i>=0.004 7).ChIP-qPCR results confirmed that H3K4me1 binding decreased in the differential peak regions of the Ldlrap1 gene (<i>P</i>=0.008),Camta1 gene (<i>P</i>=0.002),and Apc2 gene (<i>P</i>=0.012).The H3K4 demethylase inhibitor T-448 effectively reversed the H3K4me1 binding in the differential peak regions of the aforementioned genes (<i>P</i>=0.01).The results of RNA-seq for the brain tissue of NTD fetal mice showed significant enrichment of the differentially expressed genes in the Wnt signaling pathway (<i>P</i>=1.52×10<sup>-5</sup>).The enrichment of differential peak regions of H3K4me1-marked enhancers in Apc2,Ldlrap1,and Camta1 genes in the brain tissue also showed significant changes.The differential peak region in Apc2 exhibited transcription factor activity (<i>P</i>=0.020). Conclusion Folate deficiency may affect changes in H3K4me1-marked enhancers to participate in the regulation of neural tube closure genes,thereby inducing the occurrence of NTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"782-791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16477
Yue Cao, Chun-Mei Bai
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) associated with a poor prognosis and diminished quality of life for patients is the most prevalent pathological type among head and neck tumors. Currently,the standard treatment modalities comprise systemic therapies(including chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy) and local therapies(surgery and radiotherapy).Immunotherapy,characterized by high specificity and low toxicity,is progressively expanding from advanced palliative care to the stage of locally advanced curative treatment and has demonstrated promising efficacy.This review summarizes the latest advances in immunotherapy for HNSCC,aiming to provide reference for optimizing clinical management strategies and facilitating the clinical research.
{"title":"Advances in Immunotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Yue Cao, Chun-Mei Bai","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16477","DOIUrl":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) associated with a poor prognosis and diminished quality of life for patients is the most prevalent pathological type among head and neck tumors. Currently,the standard treatment modalities comprise systemic therapies(including chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy) and local therapies(surgery and radiotherapy).Immunotherapy,characterized by high specificity and low toxicity,is progressively expanding from advanced palliative care to the stage of locally advanced curative treatment and has demonstrated promising efficacy.This review summarizes the latest advances in immunotherapy for HNSCC,aiming to provide reference for optimizing clinical management strategies and facilitating the clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":" ","pages":"850-862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) for organic lesions in the intestines of patients with chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea. Methods The IUS signs in 263 patients with chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea were retrospectively analyzed.With the endoscopic examination results as the gold standard,comparison was performed for the IUS signs between the groups with positive and negative endoscopic results,as well as between the inflammatory bowel disease group and the non-specific intestinal inflammation group of positive cases.Furthermore,the detection rates of IUS in different intestinal segments were analyzed to evaluate the accuracy of IUS in the diagnosis and localization of intestinal lesions. Results Among the 263 patients,194 (73.8%) and 69 (26.2%) patients were in the groups with positive and negative endoscopic results,respectively.The diagnosis sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of IUS were 82.0%,71.0%,and 79.1%,respectively.The proportions of positive IUS signs in the group with positive endoscopic results were higher than that in the group with negative endoscopic results (all P<0.001).The proportions of positive IUS signs in the inflammatory bowel disease group were higher than those in the non-specific bowel inflammation group (all P<0.001).When the lesion was located in the ileum,ileocecal region,and colon,IUS demonstrated good consistency with endoscopic results in locating the lesion (kappa=0.642,0.686,and 0.601,respectively),with sensitivity and specificity of 82.7% (95%CI=75.4%-88.6%) and 81.5% (95%CI=73.5%-87.9%),73.7% (95%CI=62.3%-83.1%) and 93.0% (95%CI=88.4%-96.2%),and 68.9% (95%CI=58.3%-78.2%) and 89.6% (95%CI=84.1%-93.7%),respectively. Conclusions IUS can be used for screening the patients with chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea to detect organic lesions in the intestines. Moreover,it can effectively locate the affected intestinal segment,which is helpful for the monitoring and follow-up of intestinal diseases.
{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Intestinal Ultrasound for Patients With Chronic Abdominal Pain or Diarrhea.","authors":"Ke-Xin Chen, Min-Ying Zhong, Qin-Xue Liu, Guo-Liang Jian","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) for organic lesions in the intestines of patients with chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea. Methods The IUS signs in 263 patients with chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea were retrospectively analyzed.With the endoscopic examination results as the gold standard,comparison was performed for the IUS signs between the groups with positive and negative endoscopic results,as well as between the inflammatory bowel disease group and the non-specific intestinal inflammation group of positive cases.Furthermore,the detection rates of IUS in different intestinal segments were analyzed to evaluate the accuracy of IUS in the diagnosis and localization of intestinal lesions. Results Among the 263 patients,194 (73.8%) and 69 (26.2%) patients were in the groups with positive and negative endoscopic results,respectively.The diagnosis sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of IUS were 82.0%,71.0%,and 79.1%,respectively.The proportions of positive IUS signs in the group with positive endoscopic results were higher than that in the group with negative endoscopic results (all <i>P</i><0.001).The proportions of positive IUS signs in the inflammatory bowel disease group were higher than those in the non-specific bowel inflammation group (all <i>P</i><0.001).When the lesion was located in the ileum,ileocecal region,and colon,IUS demonstrated good consistency with endoscopic results in locating the lesion (kappa=0.642,0.686,and 0.601,respectively),with sensitivity and specificity of 82.7% (95%<i>CI</i>=75.4%-88.6%) and 81.5% (95%<i>CI</i>=73.5%-87.9%),73.7% (95%<i>CI</i>=62.3%-83.1%) and 93.0% (95%<i>CI</i>=88.4%-96.2%),and 68.9% (95%<i>CI</i>=58.3%-78.2%) and 89.6% (95%<i>CI</i>=84.1%-93.7%),respectively. Conclusions IUS can be used for screening the patients with chronic abdominal pain or diarrhea to detect organic lesions in the intestines. Moreover,it can effectively locate the affected intestinal segment,which is helpful for the monitoring and follow-up of intestinal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"751-757"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16659
Yan Cui, Xiao-Yan Li, Yan Wu, Zhao-Yang Wang
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in chronic appendicitis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the ultrasound imaging features of the appendixes in 68 patients with chronic appendicitis (chronic appendicitis group) confirmed by pathological results at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2023 to December 2024,as well as 85 healthy volunteers (normal appendix group) of different ages with no history of abdominal pain during the same period.Multivariate Logistic regression was employed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of different variables in diagnosing chronic appendicitis. Results The chronic appendicitis group had higher appendix diameter (Z=-8.47,P<0.001),unilateral wall thickness (Z=-7.16,P<0.001),and submucosal thickness (Z=-9.73,P<0.001) than the normal appendix group.Appendix diameter (OR=3.11,95%CI=1.37-7.02,P=0.006) and submucosal thickness (OR=5 492.73,95%CI=89.53-336 984.13,P<0.001) were identified as independent factors for diagnosing chronic appendicitis,while gender,age,unilateral wall thickness,and intraluminal conditions had no significant impact on the diagnosis of chronic appendicitis (all P>0.05).When appendix diameter combined with submucosal thickness was used as a joint diagnostic indicator,the model demonstrated the best performance,with the sensitivity of 92.65%,the specificity of 97.65%,and the accuracy increasing to 95.42%. Conclusion The combined use of appendix diameter and submucosal thickness can significantly improve the accuracy,specificity,and reliability of ultrasound in diagnosing chronic appendicitis.
{"title":"Value of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Chronic Appendicitis.","authors":"Yan Cui, Xiao-Yan Li, Yan Wu, Zhao-Yang Wang","doi":"10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in chronic appendicitis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the ultrasound imaging features of the appendixes in 68 patients with chronic appendicitis (chronic appendicitis group) confirmed by pathological results at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2023 to December 2024,as well as 85 healthy volunteers (normal appendix group) of different ages with no history of abdominal pain during the same period.Multivariate Logistic regression was employed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of different variables in diagnosing chronic appendicitis. Results The chronic appendicitis group had higher appendix diameter (<i>Z</i>=-8.47,<i>P</i><0.001),unilateral wall thickness (<i>Z</i>=-7.16,<i>P</i><0.001),and submucosal thickness (<i>Z</i>=-9.73,<i>P</i><0.001) than the normal appendix group.Appendix diameter (<i>OR</i>=3.11,95%<i>CI</i>=1.37-7.02,<i>P</i>=0.006) and submucosal thickness (<i>OR</i>=5 492.73,95%<i>CI</i>=89.53-336 984.13,<i>P</i><0.001) were identified as independent factors for diagnosing chronic appendicitis,while gender,age,unilateral wall thickness,and intraluminal conditions had no significant impact on the diagnosis of chronic appendicitis (all <i>P</i>>0.05).When appendix diameter combined with submucosal thickness was used as a joint diagnostic indicator,the model demonstrated the best performance,with the sensitivity of 92.65%,the specificity of 97.65%,and the accuracy increasing to 95.42%. Conclusion The combined use of appendix diameter and submucosal thickness can significantly improve the accuracy,specificity,and reliability of ultrasound in diagnosing chronic appendicitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6919,"journal":{"name":"中国医学科学院学报","volume":"47 5","pages":"744-750"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145547787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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