中国医学科学院学报最新文献

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a common Gram-negative bacillus causing gastrointestinal infections.It mainly exists on the surface of gastric epithelial cells and in mucus and is associated with gastric ulcers,gastric cancer,and gastric mucosa-associated lymphomas.Studies have shown that Hp can induce or exacerbate certain extragastric diseases and is associated with the occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019.It is hypothesized that Hp may be indirectly or directly involved in the occurrence and development of diseases by stimulating the production of inflammatory cytokines or inducing cross-immune reactions.In addition,Hp can enter Candida to release toxins continuously and play a role in escaping the recognition of the host immune system and the bactericidal effect of drugs.This article reviews the research progress in Hp-associated extragastric diseases in recent years,aiming to draw the attention of clinical workers to Hp-associated extragastric diseases and enrich the knowledge about Hp infection for formulating countermeasures to avoid the aggravation or triggering of other diseases by Hp.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound for thyroid nodules with a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern.Methods The clinical data of the patients with thyroid nodules presenting a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern examined by ultrasound were collected,and the gray-scale ultrasound features of the nodules were recorded.The diagnostic performance of the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System by American College of Radiology (ACR TI-RADS),Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS),and combined specific indicators for the thyroid nodules with a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern was evaluated by comparison with the pathological results,which was regarded as the gold standard.Results A total of 64 patients with thyroid nodules were finally included,including 47 patients with malignant nodules and 17 patients with benign nodules.In addition to the general ultrasound features,central scar mostly appeared in malignant nodules (χ²=5.968,P=0.015),while central coarse calcification was more common in benign nodules (χ²=10.899,P=0.001).After the combination of central scar and central gross calcification,the diagnostic performance of ACR TI-RADS and C-TIRADS was improved (both P<0.001).Conclusions When the thyroid nodule shows a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern,one should be cautious of the possibility of malignancy.Combining central scar and central coarse calcification can improve the accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis.

Objective To demonstrate the feasibility of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) combined with 4-screw fixation for treating two-level lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods An intact finite element model of L3-S1 (M0) was constructed and validated.Then,we constructed the M1 model by simulating OLIF surgery at L3/4 and L4/5 segments on the M0 model.By attachment of posterior 4-screw or 6-screw fixation to the M1 model,three 4-screw fixation models (M2-M4) and one 6-screw fixation model (M5) were established.The segmental and overall range of motion (ROM) and the peak von Mises stresses of superior endplate,cage,and posterior screw-rod were investigated under each implanted condition.Results Under the motion modes of forward flexion,backward extension,bilateral (left and right) flexion,and left and right rotation,the L3/4 ROM of M2 model and L4/5 ROM of M3 model increased,while the L3/4 and L4/5 ROM of M4 and M5 models significantly decreased compared with those of M1 model.Under all motion modes,the L4 superior endplate in M2 model and the L5 superior endplate in M3 model showed the maximum peak von Mises stress,and the peak von Mises stresses of L4 and L5 superior endplates in M4 and M5 models were close.The L3/4 cage in M2 model and the L4/5 cage in M3 model showcased the largest peak von Mises stress,and the peak von Mises stresses of cages in M4 and M5 models were close.The peak stresses of internal fixation in M2-M5 models were close.Conclusion Four-screw fixation can replace 6-screw fixation in the OLIF surgery for treating two-level degenerative lumbar diseases.

Intestinal mantle cell lymphoma complicated with intussusception is rare in clinical practice,lacking specific clinical manifestations.CT and colonoscopy are helpful for the diagnosis of this disease,which need to be distinguished from colorectal cancer,Crohn's disease,and other pathological subtypes of lymphoma.The diagnosis still needs to be confirmed by pathological examination.This paper reports a case of intestinal mantle cell lymphoma complicated with ileocecal intussusception in an adult,aiming to improve the clinical and imaging doctors' understanding of this disease.

Primary central nervous system vasculitis (PACNS) is a vasculitic disorder affecting small to medium-sized blood vessels primarily in the central nervous system,involving the brain,spinal cord,and meninges.Tumor-like PNCAS,a rare subtype of PACNS,is often misdiagnosed as intracranial malignancy,and that with spinal cord involvement is even more uncommon.The lack of specific clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations poses a challenge to the diagnosis of PACNS.This report presents a case of tumor-like PACNS with spinal cord involvement based on the pathological evidence,aiming to enrich the knowledge about this condition.

With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification (PTM) has demonstrated increasing potential in medical research.PTM as a novel chemical modification method provides new perspectives for the research on diseases.Succinylation as a novel modification has aroused the interest of more and more researchers.The available studies about succinylation mainly focus on a desuccinylase named sirtuin 5.This enzyme plays a key role in modification and has been preliminarily explored in cardiovascular studies.This paper summarizes the influencing factors and regulatory roles of succinylation and the links between succinylation and other PTMs and reviews the research progress of PTMs in the cardiovascular field,aiming to deepen the understanding about the role of this modification and give new insights to the research in this field.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression levels of microRNA-155 (miR-155) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in the colonic mucosal tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and the severity of the disease.Methods A total of 130 UC patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from September 2021 to June 2023 were selected.According to the modified Mayo score system,the patients were assigned into an active stage group (n=85) and a remission stage group (n=45).According to the modified Truelove and Witts classification criteria,the UC patients at the active stage were assigned into a mild group (n=35),a moderate group (n=30),and a severe group (n=20).A total of 90 healthy individuals who underwent colonoscopy for physical examination or those who had normal colonoscopy results after single polypectomy and excluded other diseases were selected as the control group.The colonic mucosal tissues of UC patients with obvious lesions and the colonic mucosal tissue 20 cm away from the anus of the control group were collected.The levels of miR-155 and SOCS1 mRNA in tissues were determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR,and the expression of SOCS1 protein in tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry.The correlations of the levels of miR-155 and SOCS1 mRNA in the colonic mucosal tissue with the modified Mayo score of UC patients were analyzed.The values of the levels of miR-155 and SOCS1 mRNA in predicting the occurrence of severe illness in the UC patients at the active stage were evaluated.Results Compared with the control group and the remission stage group,the active stage group showed up-regulated expression level of miR-155,down-regulated level of SOCS1 mRNA,and decreased positive rate of SOCS1 protein in the colonic mucosal tissue (all P<0.001).The expression level of miR-155 and modified Mayo score in colonic mucosal tissues of UC patients at the active stage increased,while the mRNA level of SOCS1 was down-regulated as the disease evolved from being mild to severe (all P<0.001).The modified Mayo score was positively correlated with the miR-155 level and negative correlated with the mRNA level of SOCS1 in colonic mucosal tissues of UC patients (all P<0.001).The high miR-155 level (OR=2.762,95%CI=1.284-5.944,P=0.009),low mRNA level of SOCS1 (OR=2.617,95%CI=1.302-5.258,P=0.007),and modified Mayo score≥12 points (OR=3.232,95%CI=1.450-7.204,P=0.004) were all risk factors for severe disease in the UC patients at the active stage.The area under curve of miR-155 combined with SOCS1 mRNA in predicting severe illness in the UC patients at the active stage was 0.920.Conclusions The expression levels of miR-155 and SOCS1 mRNA were correlated with the disease severity in the UC patients at the active stage.The combination of the two indicators demonstrates good pe

Objective To assess the influences of self-and interviewer-administered methods on the scores of anxiety and depression questionnaires among the patients with sports injuries.Methods A total of 532 participants with sports injuries treated in the Sports Medicine Center of West China Hospital,Sichuan University from November 2022 to May 2023 were included.They were randomly assigned to either the interviewer-administered group (n=270) or the self-administered group (n=262) to complete the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) scales.The total scores and prevalence rates of anxiety and depression were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in gender,occupation,or surgical site between the two groups (all P>0.05).The self-administered group had higher scores of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales than the interviewer-administered group (P<0.001,P<0.001).A greater proportion of participants in the self-administered group than in the interview-administered group met the criteria for mild to moderate anxiety and depression (P<0.001,P=0.002).The prevalence rates of moderate to severe anxiety (GAD-7≥10) and depression (PHQ-9≥10) showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.761,P=0.086).Conclusion This study demonstrates that the participants in the self-administered group are more likely to report mild to moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression than those in the interviewer-administered group.

There are mutual neural projections between the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),which form a circuit.Recent studies have shown that this circuit is vital in regulating arousal from sleep and general anesthesia.This paper introduces the anatomical structures of VTA and mPFC and the roles of various neurons and projection pathways in the regulation of arousal,aiming to provide new ideas for further research on the mechanism of arousal from sleep and general anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of selenoprotein genes in the patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the possible regulatory mechanisms.Methods The dataset GSE177477 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus,consisting of a symptomatic group (n=11),an asymptomatic group (n=18),and a healthy control group (n=18).The dataset was preprocessed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEG) related to COVID-19,and gene ontology functional annotation and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis were performed for the DEGs.The protein-protein interaction network of DEGs was established,and multivariate Logistic regression was employed to analyze the effects of selenoprotein genes on the presence/absence of symptoms in the patients with COVID-19.Results Compared with the healthy control,the symptomatic COVID-19 patients presented up-regulated expression of GPX1,GPX4,GPX6,DIO2,TXNRD1,SELENOF,SELENOK,SELENOS,SELENOT,and SELENOW and down-regulated expression of TXNRD2 and SELENON (all P<0.05).The asymptomatic patients showcased up-regulated expression of GPX2,SELENOI,SELENOO,SELENOS,SELENOT,and SELENOW and down-regulated expression of SELP (all P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the abnormally high expression of GPX1 (OR=0.067,95%CI=0.005-0.904,P=0.042) and SELENON (OR=56.663,95%CI=3.114-856.999,P=0.006) was the risk factor for symptomatic COVID-19,and the abnormally high expression of SELP was a risk factor for asymptomatic COVID-19 (OR=15.000,95%CI=2.537-88.701,P=0.003).Conclusions Selenoprotein genes with differential expression are involved in the regulation of COVID-19 development.The findings provide a new reference for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.