Acta medica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae最新文献

A method of assay for the circulating intrinsic factor antibody type I (IFA1) and for the serum vitamin-B12 level by the use of hog intrinsic factor has been developed. The results, the sources of error being taken into consideration, are in agreement with the values obtained by the generally accepted methods of ARDEMAN--CHANARIN for IFA1 and of WIDE--KILLANDER for the serum vitamin-B12 level. Parallel with the increase in the frequency of circulating IFA1, the serum vitamin-B12 level was found to decline in normal individuals as well as in patients with atrophic gastritis or pernicious anaemia. The method is suitable for the assessment of vitamin-B12 deficiency and lends itself to screening of patients tending to pernicious anaemia.

The hepatoprotective effect and the possible mechanism of action of AICA-phosphate (AIP) were studied. Both the morphological and biochemical data proved the protective i.e. the connective tissue reducing effect of AIP in cirrhotic rat liver. Labelled AIP incorporated very intensively into microsomal RNA, suggesting that the compound may take part in the de novo purine synthesis. The increased rate of protein synthesis can be the consequence of the incorporation into RNA, promoting the regenerative processes in injured cells.

The effects of globulins from patients with Graves' infiltrative retrobulbar ophthalmopathy on the TSH binding inhibitory (TBIA) and stimulatory (TBSA) activities was examined utilising human thyroid Harderian gland (guinea-pig) plasma membranes in the TSh receptor assay. The changes of inhibitory and stimulatory activities of these globulins were observed following the preliminary incubation with human thyroid and Harderian gland plasma membranes. According to our data the TSh binding inhibitory activity of the globulins cases after saturating the samples with both thyroid and Harderian cell membranes. Whereas, their TSH-binding stimulatory activity ceases only after incubation with Harderian membrane. The TBSA of the samples after incubation with thyroid membrane increases significantly as compared to the values before incubation. We presume that the effects of the thyroid stimulating IgG (TSI) and the exophthalmogenic IgG (O-IgG) on the retrobulbar tissue are contradictory. It seems so the O-IgG is in some circumstances inhibited by TSI. Their TSH-binding inhibitory and stimulatory activities may depend on their quantitative ratio.

BOC-14C-glycine pentapeptide undergoes hydrolysis on incubation with tissue homogenates. The enzyme activities responsible for hydrolysis have the pancreas, lung and small intestine as their sites. No enzyme activity is demonstrable in liver, kidney and muscle. While intrapulmonary enzyme activity is marked by thermolability, the activities of the pancreatic and intestinal tissues are scarcely affected by heat. The optimum pH is 7.1 for the pulmonary, 7.1 and 10 for the pancreatic and small intestinal enzyme activity. EDTA has proved inhibitory to the enzyme activities of all three organs, in contrast to Gordox and to soybean trypsin inhibitor which leave these activities unaltered.

Pulmonary emphysema was induced in rats by leuko-elastase extracted from purulent sputum, with the aim of throwing light on the part played by the elastolytic activity in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. A brief review of the pertaining literature is presented.

Oesophago-gastro-bulboscopy was performed in 102 cases of acute massive haematemesis and/or melaena in different hospitals or clinics in the town of Pécs, the condition of the patients having been in general incompatible with transport to the endoscopic laboratory. The aetiology of the bleeding was clarified in 90 cases, it remained unidentified in 8 cases, though it was successfully localized. Fibreoptic endoscopy is regarded as an essential tool of early aetiological diagnosis of upper digestive tract bleedings even in centres lacking modern equipment.

Separation and measurement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenine-adenosine, lipid phosphates (lipid-P), RNA and DNA, furthermore, separation of Mg2+-dependent, total (Mg2+-dependent plus Na+--K+-dependent or Mg2+--Na+--K+-dependent) and Na+--K+-dependent ATPases and measured of their activities were carried out in tissue samples obtained from "ulcerated antral mucosa", from "non-ulcerated antral mucosa" and the muscular layer beneath the examined mucosa specimens, of patients with antral ulcer. It has been found that (1) the tissue levels of ATP, ADP and AMP, of the sum ATP + ADP + AMP, adenine-adenosine, lipid-P, RNA all calculated for 1.0 mg DNA content, further, the activities of Mg2+-dependent, total (Mg2+-dependent plus Na+--K+-dependent) and Na+--K+-dependent ATPase were significantly higher in the ulcerated antral mucosa than those in the control antral mucosa; (2) no significant biochemical alterations were found in the muscles under the ulcerated and non-ulcerated antral mucosa of patients with antral ulcer; (3) the extents of increases in the substrate levels of ulcerated antral mucosa depended on their original levels in the control antral mucosa. The results indicate a cellular hyperfunction in the ulcerated antral mucosa, in comparison with the control one. No circulatory injury could be demonstrated in the ulcerated antral mucosa.

The effects of sulpiride, a dopamine receptor blocking agent, and of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) were studied on prolactin secretion in 17 patients with acromegaly and 25 control subjects. THe basal serum prolactin level was increased in 9 acromegalic patients. After sulpiride loading, maximum changes in prolactin level were significantly smaller in acromegalic patients, irrespective of the basal prolactin concentration. TRH loading resulted in a decrease of prolactin secretion predominantly in the patients with high basal serum hormone levels. A blunted thyrotrophin response to TSH was found only in those acromegalic patients who had concomitant thyroid disease. Higher than normal basal prolactin levels in some of the acromegalic patients and abnormal prolactin responses following sulpiride and TRH loading in most of the patients with acromegaly are attributed to deranged hypothalamo-hypophyseal regulation.

Seventy-five patients (28 HBsAg-positive and 28 HBsAg-negative) with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) were studied for HLA antigens. In the whole material, the HLA antigens were distributed as in the controls, with the only exception of the HLA-A9 antigen, the frequency of which, as compared with the controls, was moderately increased (37.4% against 22.7%). It was mainly the HBsAg-negative group which showed a significant increase in the frequency of the HLA-A9 antigen (42.9%). In the HBsAg-negative group, as compared with the HBsAg-positive group, where the frequency of HLA-A2 was 53.2%--and as compared with the controls, too--it was relatively low 29.3%. The frequency of HLA-A1 and HLA-B8 was not increased in any type of chronic active hepatitis. HLA-B8 was less frequent in the HBsAg-positive than in the HBsAg-negative group (10.6% against 21.4%).