Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06508.x
K B CHOREMIS, C A KATTAMIS, E G KANAVAKIS
Bruke in 1861 was the first to describe how the urine of normal individuals contains a proenzyme, which by acidification is converted to a proteolytic enzyme, identical with gastric pepsin. The name of uropepsin was later applied to this enzyme by Bendersky. The evidence indicates that pepsinogen is produced by the parietal cells of gastric mucosa [2]; most of the pepsinogen is secreted into the lumen of the stomach, where it is converted into pepsin by the action of hydrochloric acid, while another fraction is taken up by the blood stream and is excreted, apparently unaltered, in the urine as uropepsinogen [2]. Disturbances in uropepsin excretion are mainly associated with functional and structural changes of gastric mucosa, and to a lesser degree with functional disturbances of the adrenal and pituitary glands [a, 61. It is a well-established fact that patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, as well as those with hyperfunction of the adrenal and pituitary glands have an increased uropepsin excretion [4, 91. Uropepsin excretion is absent or very low in patients with gastrectomy, pernicious anemia and Addison’s disease [7, 9, lo]. In some cases of iron deficiency anemia and macrocytic anemias slight decreases of uropepsin have been reported [S]. We are not aware of reports concerning the excretion of uropepsin in cases of congenital hemolytic anemias. Because there is hypochlorhydria and reduction of gastric excretion [l] in patients with thalassemia, we have investigated uropepsin excretion in children with this disease.
{"title":"Uropepsin excretion in thalassemia.","authors":"K B CHOREMIS, C A KATTAMIS, E G KANAVAKIS","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06508.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06508.x","url":null,"abstract":"Bruke in 1861 was the first to describe how the urine of normal individuals contains a proenzyme, which by acidification is converted to a proteolytic enzyme, identical with gastric pepsin. The name of uropepsin was later applied to this enzyme by Bendersky. The evidence indicates that pepsinogen is produced by the parietal cells of gastric mucosa [2]; most of the pepsinogen is secreted into the lumen of the stomach, where it is converted into pepsin by the action of hydrochloric acid, while another fraction is taken up by the blood stream and is excreted, apparently unaltered, in the urine as uropepsinogen [2]. Disturbances in uropepsin excretion are mainly associated with functional and structural changes of gastric mucosa, and to a lesser degree with functional disturbances of the adrenal and pituitary glands [a, 61. It is a well-established fact that patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, as well as those with hyperfunction of the adrenal and pituitary glands have an increased uropepsin excretion [4, 91. Uropepsin excretion is absent or very low in patients with gastrectomy, pernicious anemia and Addison’s disease [7, 9, lo]. In some cases of iron deficiency anemia and macrocytic anemias slight decreases of uropepsin have been reported [S]. We are not aware of reports concerning the excretion of uropepsin in cases of congenital hemolytic anemias. Because there is hypochlorhydria and reduction of gastric excretion [l] in patients with thalassemia, we have investigated uropepsin excretion in children with this disease.","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"55-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06508.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23468983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06505.x
T MELLBIN
The incidence of antibodies to poliomyelitis among different age-groups and populations has been the object of numerous investigations. These have been designed to elucidate the rising age a t which persons become affected by clinically manifest poliomyelitis as social standards improve, and, before introducing widespread immunization to the infection, to gain an impression of the incidence of spontaneously developing antibodies. It has been shown in many investigations carried out in tropical and subtropical regions [2-5, 8, 10, 13-15] by a variety of methods that the incidence of poliomyelitis antibodies is very high even at an early age. Paul & Horstmann [15] found antibodies to one type of poliomyelitis in 87-95 % of Casablanca children aged 5-9 years, and antibodies to all three types among 78%. The increase in antibodies commences immediately after the maternal antibodies disappear, which means that the virus is heavily distributed throughout the local community. Gajdusek, Rogers & Bankhead [3] reported similar findings among children of the same age group from the jungles of Bolivia and Peru: all 26 children whom they examined
{"title":"Sero-immune patterns for poliomyelitis and mumps in children of nomad Lapps.","authors":"T MELLBIN","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06505.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06505.x","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of antibodies to poliomyelitis among different age-groups and populations has been the object of numerous investigations. These have been designed to elucidate the rising age a t which persons become affected by clinically manifest poliomyelitis as social standards improve, and, before introducing widespread immunization to the infection, to gain an impression of the incidence of spontaneously developing antibodies. It has been shown in many investigations carried out in tropical and subtropical regions [2-5, 8, 10, 13-15] by a variety of methods that the incidence of poliomyelitis antibodies is very high even at an early age. Paul & Horstmann [15] found antibodies to one type of poliomyelitis in 87-95 % of Casablanca children aged 5-9 years, and antibodies to all three types among 78%. The increase in antibodies commences immediately after the maternal antibodies disappear, which means that the virus is heavily distributed throughout the local community. Gajdusek, Rogers & Bankhead [3] reported similar findings among children of the same age group from the jungles of Bolivia and Peru: all 26 children whom they examined","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06505.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23992951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06512.x
C G BERNHARD, I H KAISER, G M KOLMODIN
{"title":"On the epileptogenic properties of the fetal brain. An electrophysiological study on the electrically and chemically induced convulsive brain activity in sheep fetuses.","authors":"C G BERNHARD, I H KAISER, G M KOLMODIN","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06512.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06512.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"81-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06512.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23459069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06506.x
O BRANDBERG, B RUNDBERG
During recent years a greater interest in the frequency and care of children who are chronic invalids2 has been taken. Although Sweden possesses many modern facilities for the care of these children, much remains to be done in the area of socio-medical “rearmament”. Perhaps the most important is to assure that all young people, including the group who for different reasons are presently excluded, achieve improved and, above all, proper care. Doubtless in the past there were more “forgotten” and “hidden away” children than at present, owing to the increasing development of child welfare and medical care in Sweden. It is difficult to predict the favorable impact of comprehensive rehabilitation for these children in the community, because therapy progressively is more specialized and specific for many types of defects and injuries. Take, for example,
{"title":"Chronically disturbed children. Studies of the incidence and the care of children who are chronic invalids.","authors":"O BRANDBERG, B RUNDBERG","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06506.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06506.x","url":null,"abstract":"During recent years a greater interest in the frequency and care of children who are chronic invalids2 has been taken. Although Sweden possesses many modern facilities for the care of these children, much remains to be done in the area of socio-medical “rearmament”. Perhaps the most important is to assure that all young people, including the group who for different reasons are presently excluded, achieve improved and, above all, proper care. Doubtless in the past there were more “forgotten” and “hidden away” children than at present, owing to the increasing development of child welfare and medical care in Sweden. It is difficult to predict the favorable impact of comprehensive rehabilitation for these children in the community, because therapy progressively is more specialized and specific for many types of defects and injuries. Take, for example,","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"41-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06506.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23462898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06507.x
M H HELFANT, M BORJESON, B HELLSTROM
Among the various forms of diffuse cerebral sclerosis metachromatic leucodystrophy or leucoencephalopathy has been recognised by certain clinical, biochemical and pathological characteristics [l, 2, 7, 8, 9, 101. The disease has been found to be characterized by a pathologic accumulation of sulphatides (cerebroside sulphuric acid esters). This disease occurs in an infantile, a late infantile and an adult type [5 , 6, 81; the late infantile type is the one most commonly described.
{"title":"The value of urinary sediment examination as a screening method in suspected cases of metachromatic leucodystrophy.","authors":"M H HELFANT, M BORJESON, B HELLSTROM","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06507.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06507.x","url":null,"abstract":"Among the various forms of diffuse cerebral sclerosis metachromatic leucodystrophy or leucoencephalopathy has been recognised by certain clinical, biochemical and pathological characteristics [l, 2, 7, 8, 9, 101. The disease has been found to be characterized by a pathologic accumulation of sulphatides (cerebroside sulphuric acid esters). This disease occurs in an infantile, a late infantile and an adult type [5 , 6, 81; the late infantile type is the one most commonly described.","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06507.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23496727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06509.x
J A SEVASTIKOGLOU
Various statistical reports attest to the high incidence of congenital malformations. Investigations by Hertig & Rock [5] indicate that a comparatively large number of early human embryos display malformations of such a character that normal development could hardly be expected. Among 26 human foetuses less than 16 days old, obtained during surgery on the uterus, no less than 12 or 47% displayed severe abnormalities. MacGregor [9] reviewed 1053 stillbirths and neonatal deaths and found that 20 % of stillbirths and 10% of neonatal deaths were directly attributable to gross congenital malformations. The frequency of congenital malformations is also relatively high among the survivors (Table 1). The cause or causes of congenital malformations are more or less unknown. They are, however, attributed to genetic factors as well as to factors influencing the environment of the embryo. During the last few decades experimental teratogenesis has considerably increased our knowledge of the relation of congenital malformations to factors influencing the en-
{"title":"Biochemical studies on the skeleton of insulin-induced micromelia in chickens.","authors":"J A SEVASTIKOGLOU","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06509.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06509.x","url":null,"abstract":"Various statistical reports attest to the high incidence of congenital malformations. Investigations by Hertig & Rock [5] indicate that a comparatively large number of early human embryos display malformations of such a character that normal development could hardly be expected. Among 26 human foetuses less than 16 days old, obtained during surgery on the uterus, no less than 12 or 47% displayed severe abnormalities. MacGregor [9] reviewed 1053 stillbirths and neonatal deaths and found that 20 % of stillbirths and 10% of neonatal deaths were directly attributable to gross congenital malformations. The frequency of congenital malformations is also relatively high among the survivors (Table 1). The cause or causes of congenital malformations are more or less unknown. They are, however, attributed to genetic factors as well as to factors influencing the environment of the embryo. During the last few decades experimental teratogenesis has considerably increased our knowledge of the relation of congenital malformations to factors influencing the en-","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"60-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06509.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23500478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06511.x
I ENGSTROM, P KARLBERG, C L SWARTS
The pulmonary function in children has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years as it has been found that methods which are used for studies in adults are also applicable in children. Although several studies on lung volumes and ventilatory capacity have been reported in healthy and asthmatic children [l, 2, 11, 12, 171, the mechanics of breathing has not been as widely investigated. There exists abundant literature concerning the mechanics of breathing in adults, as well as a few studies in newborns. Of the studies in which children were included [3, 17, 20, 251 the study of Helliesen et al. [17], is the largest, giving data of the mechanics of breathing and the lung volumes in 77 healthy children 5-17 years of age. The relationship between the mechanics of breathing and body size found both in healthy children [17] and adults [13] is not close enough to permit assessment of more than gross abnormalities. The fact that a closer correlation has been found between lung compliance and vital capacity and functional residual capacity [17, 201, has prompted us to determine if the
{"title":"Respiratory studies in children. IX. Relationships between mechanical properties of the lungs, lung volumes and ventilatory capacity in healthy children 7-15 years of age.","authors":"I ENGSTROM, P KARLBERG, C L SWARTS","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06511.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06511.x","url":null,"abstract":"The pulmonary function in children has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years as it has been found that methods which are used for studies in adults are also applicable in children. Although several studies on lung volumes and ventilatory capacity have been reported in healthy and asthmatic children [l, 2, 11, 12, 171, the mechanics of breathing has not been as widely investigated. There exists abundant literature concerning the mechanics of breathing in adults, as well as a few studies in newborns. Of the studies in which children were included [3, 17, 20, 251 the study of Helliesen et al. [17], is the largest, giving data of the mechanics of breathing and the lung volumes in 77 healthy children 5-17 years of age. The relationship between the mechanics of breathing and body size found both in healthy children [17] and adults [13] is not close enough to permit assessment of more than gross abnormalities. The fact that a closer correlation has been found between lung compliance and vital capacity and functional residual capacity [17, 201, has prompted us to determine if the","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"68-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06511.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23478908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06504.x
P HALONEN, O PETTAY, I SALM
The question which prompted the present study was: What is the diagnostic value of serological studies and measles virus isolation as a routine practice at hospitals for infectious diseases? A good opportunity for the study arose early in 1960, when a measles epidemic occurred in Helsinki. Since the original report of Enders & Peebles in 1954 [9] on the isolation of a filtrable agent from measles patients in humsn kidney tissue cultures, many investigators have succeeded in isolating measles virus [2, 7, 10-12, 14, 15, 17, 19, 201. I n studies on the epidemiology of measles, the value of serological methods, especially the complement-fixation technique, has been clearly demonstrated [ 1 4 ,
{"title":"Virological diagnosis of measles.","authors":"P HALONEN, O PETTAY, I SALM","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06504.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06504.x","url":null,"abstract":"The question which prompted the present study was: What is the diagnostic value of serological studies and measles virus isolation as a routine practice at hospitals for infectious diseases? A good opportunity for the study arose early in 1960, when a measles epidemic occurred in Helsinki. Since the original report of Enders & Peebles in 1954 [9] on the isolation of a filtrable agent from measles patients in humsn kidney tissue cultures, many investigators have succeeded in isolating measles virus [2, 7, 10-12, 14, 15, 17, 19, 201. I n studies on the epidemiology of measles, the value of serological methods, especially the complement-fixation technique, has been clearly demonstrated [ 1 4 ,","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06504.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23494257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06502.x
L JUSTESEN
Because there is only a little published information regarding the cranial circumference a t birth of premature infants, measurements have been performed in infants in order to elucidate this question. The largest circular fronto-occipital circumference has been measured at the point where the circular fronto-occipital circumference is greatest. All the measurements were made with the same tape measure. All measurements were on healthy infants, since infants, for instance those with cyanosis, convulsions, harelip, cleft palate and mongolism were excluded, as were infants of diabetic mothers. In addition the cranial circumference of a number of older children admitted to the Paediatric Department of Rigshospitalet was measured, and in this survey only those cases showing disturbances of growth or mental function (including oligophrenia) were omitted.
{"title":"Cranial circumference of premature children.","authors":"L JUSTESEN","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06502.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06502.x","url":null,"abstract":"Because there is only a little published information regarding the cranial circumference a t birth of premature infants, measurements have been performed in infants in order to elucidate this question. The largest circular fronto-occipital circumference has been measured at the point where the circular fronto-occipital circumference is greatest. All the measurements were made with the same tape measure. All measurements were on healthy infants, since infants, for instance those with cyanosis, convulsions, harelip, cleft palate and mongolism were excluded, as were infants of diabetic mothers. In addition the cranial circumference of a number of older children admitted to the Paediatric Department of Rigshospitalet was measured, and in this survey only those cases showing disturbances of growth or mental function (including oligophrenia) were omitted.","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"13-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06502.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23970559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-01-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06510.x
P SELANDER
{"title":"The frequency of cystic fibrosis of the panceas in Sweden.","authors":"P SELANDER","doi":"10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06510.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06510.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7043,"journal":{"name":"Acta Pædiatrica","volume":"51 ","pages":"65-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1962.tb06510.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"23499688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：