Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61626
Filipe Manoel Ferreira, Saulo Fabrício da Silva Chaves, Marco Antônio Peixoto, Rodrigo Silva Alves, Igor Ferreira Coelho, Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende, Gleison Augustos dos Santos, Leonardo Lopes Bhering
Multi-trait multi-environment (MTME) models were fitted to eucalyptus breeding trials data to assess residual variance structure, genetic stability and adaptability. To do so, 215 eucalyptus clones were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 30 replicates and one plant per plot in four environments. At 36 months of age, tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and pilodyn penetration (PP) were measured. Two MTME models were fitted, for which residuals were considered homoscedastic and heteroscedastic, with the best MTME model selected using Bayesian information criterion. The harmonic mean of the relative performance of the genotypic values (HMRPGV) was used to determine stability and adaptability. Of the two models, the heteroscedastic MTME model had better fit and provided greater accuracy. In addition, genotype-by-environment interaction was complex, and there was low genetic correlation between DBH and PP. Rank correlation between the clones selected by the MTME models was high for DBH but low for PP. The HMRPGV facilitated clone selection through simultaneous evaluation of stability, adaptability, and productivity. Thus, our results suggest that heteroscedastic MTME model / HMRPGV can be efficiently applied in the genetic evaluation and selection of eucalyptus clones.
{"title":"Multi-trait multi-environment models for selecting high-performance and stable eucalyptus clones","authors":"Filipe Manoel Ferreira, Saulo Fabrício da Silva Chaves, Marco Antônio Peixoto, Rodrigo Silva Alves, Igor Ferreira Coelho, Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende, Gleison Augustos dos Santos, Leonardo Lopes Bhering","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61626","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-trait multi-environment (MTME) models were fitted to eucalyptus breeding trials data to assess residual variance structure, genetic stability and adaptability. To do so, 215 eucalyptus clones were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 30 replicates and one plant per plot in four environments. At 36 months of age, tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and pilodyn penetration (PP) were measured. Two MTME models were fitted, for which residuals were considered homoscedastic and heteroscedastic, with the best MTME model selected using Bayesian information criterion. The harmonic mean of the relative performance of the genotypic values (HMRPGV) was used to determine stability and adaptability. Of the two models, the heteroscedastic MTME model had better fit and provided greater accuracy. In addition, genotype-by-environment interaction was complex, and there was low genetic correlation between DBH and PP. Rank correlation between the clones selected by the MTME models was high for DBH but low for PP. The HMRPGV facilitated clone selection through simultaneous evaluation of stability, adaptability, and productivity. Thus, our results suggest that heteroscedastic MTME model / HMRPGV can be efficiently applied in the genetic evaluation and selection of eucalyptus clones.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135619083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.62390
Deonir Secco, Doglas Bassegio, Araceli Ciotti de Marins, Bruna de Villa, Luiz Antônio Zanão Junior, Tiago Roque Benetoli da Silva, Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior
The screening of cover crops is essential for improving the physical-hydric properties of compacted soils. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mixed or single cover crops on improving the physical-hydric properties of compacted Oxisol. Species with tap-rooted and fibrous-rooted rooting patterns were evaluated. The species included pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), sunn hemp (Crotalaria spectabilis), velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), white oat (Avena sativa), black oat (Avena strigosa), rye (Secale cereale), black oat + forage turnip (Raphanus sativus), black oat + white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), and black oat + group pea (Pisum arvense L.). Mixing cover crops did not improve the physical properties of the soil. The tap-rooted pigeon pea effectively reduces bulk density and increases porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in compact soils. The selection of cover crops with characteristics that improve soil physical-hydric properties is crucial for compacted areas.
{"title":"Long-term effects of cover crops on physical-hydric properties of compacted soil","authors":"Deonir Secco, Doglas Bassegio, Araceli Ciotti de Marins, Bruna de Villa, Luiz Antônio Zanão Junior, Tiago Roque Benetoli da Silva, Affonso Celso Gonçalves Junior","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.62390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.62390","url":null,"abstract":"The screening of cover crops is essential for improving the physical-hydric properties of compacted soils. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mixed or single cover crops on improving the physical-hydric properties of compacted Oxisol. Species with tap-rooted and fibrous-rooted rooting patterns were evaluated. The species included pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), sunn hemp (Crotalaria spectabilis), velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), white oat (Avena sativa), black oat (Avena strigosa), rye (Secale cereale), black oat + forage turnip (Raphanus sativus), black oat + white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), and black oat + group pea (Pisum arvense L.). Mixing cover crops did not improve the physical properties of the soil. The tap-rooted pigeon pea effectively reduces bulk density and increases porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in compact soils. The selection of cover crops with characteristics that improve soil physical-hydric properties is crucial for compacted areas.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135619081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61973
Mirandy dos Santos Dias, Pedro Dantas Fernandes, Francisco de Assis da Silva, Aline Dayanna Alves de Lima Marcelino, Daniela Duarte Barbosa, Roseane Cavalcanti dos Santos, Lígia Sampaio Reis, Vera Lucia Antunes de Lima
Cotton is one of the largest agricultural commodities that generate various sources of foreign exchange and employment worldwide. However, water deficiency is an environmental factor that limits the production of this crop, especially in semi-arid regions. We evaluated pyruvate supplementation to mitigate the effects of water stress on colored cotton. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. We studied two forms of pyruvate supplementation (SP1- via seed and foliar and SP2- only via foliar); three conditions of irrigation management of the plants: water restriction in the vegetative phase (VE), flowering (FL), and vegetative and flowering (VE/FL); and additional treatment (total irrigation throughout the crop cycle and without pyruvate supplementation). The experimental design included a randomized block in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial scheme. The factors resulted in seven treatments with three replications, with a total of 21 experimental units. Gas exchange, enzyme activity, and production of components were evaluated. Water restriction in the vegetative phase does not cause losses in BRS Jade cotton when supplemented with pyruvate. However, in the flowering and vegetative phases plus flowering, it reduces gas exchange and production components and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in relation to plants under full irrigation. Supplementation with pyruvate via seed plus foliar (SP1) was better for BRS Jade cotton grown under water restriction.
{"title":"Pyruvate supplementation in cotton under water restriction varying the phenological phases","authors":"Mirandy dos Santos Dias, Pedro Dantas Fernandes, Francisco de Assis da Silva, Aline Dayanna Alves de Lima Marcelino, Daniela Duarte Barbosa, Roseane Cavalcanti dos Santos, Lígia Sampaio Reis, Vera Lucia Antunes de Lima","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61973","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton is one of the largest agricultural commodities that generate various sources of foreign exchange and employment worldwide. However, water deficiency is an environmental factor that limits the production of this crop, especially in semi-arid regions. We evaluated pyruvate supplementation to mitigate the effects of water stress on colored cotton. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. We studied two forms of pyruvate supplementation (SP1- via seed and foliar and SP2- only via foliar); three conditions of irrigation management of the plants: water restriction in the vegetative phase (VE), flowering (FL), and vegetative and flowering (VE/FL); and additional treatment (total irrigation throughout the crop cycle and without pyruvate supplementation). The experimental design included a randomized block in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial scheme. The factors resulted in seven treatments with three replications, with a total of 21 experimental units. Gas exchange, enzyme activity, and production of components were evaluated. Water restriction in the vegetative phase does not cause losses in BRS Jade cotton when supplemented with pyruvate. However, in the flowering and vegetative phases plus flowering, it reduces gas exchange and production components and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in relation to plants under full irrigation. Supplementation with pyruvate via seed plus foliar (SP1) was better for BRS Jade cotton grown under water restriction.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135619082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.62036
Pollyana Cardoso Chagas, Jonathan Crane, Edvan Alves Chagas, Wagner Vendrame, Bárbara Nogueira Souza Costa, Aurélio Rubio Neto, Elias Ariel de Moura
The aim of the study was to assess the effect of plant regulators (gibberellic acid and naphthalene acetic acid) and adjuvant LI 700® with and without hand pollination on the fruiting and quality of Annona squamosa L. cultivars. The experiment was conducted in the experimental orchard of the Florida Tropical Research and Education Center (TREC/UF) in Homestead, Florida, USA. The experimental design in random blocks comprised 14 treatments, 10 repetitions and 3 flowers per treatment and per tree for ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ cultivars. To assess quality, 9 fruit from each treatment were used, with 3 repetitions and 3 fruit per repetition. High instability was observed in fruit fixation rates between cultivars. The application of growth regulators did not increase fruit fixation in the tested cultivars. The application of naphthalene acetic acid had a deleterious effect on the flowers of the sugar apple cultivars. The most uneven (asymmetrical) fruit was obtained in the treatments with the application of growth regulators. The application of the adjuvant showed toxicity, causing damage to the skin of the fruit. The fruit with the greatest symmetry had the lowest levels of soluble solids and the highest toxicity. The application of growth regulators associated with hand pollination was not efficient, presenting a low percentage of fruit fixation for Annonaceae cultivars. None of the studied treatments produced parthenocarpic fruit (without seeds). The utilization of an adjuvant in the applied concentration caused damage to the fruit peels (darkening) due to toxicity in both cultivars.
本研究的目的是评价植物调节剂(赤霉素酸和萘乙酸)和辅助剂LI 700®在手工授粉和不手工授粉的情况下对荔枝品种结果和品质的影响。试验在美国佛罗里达州霍姆斯特德的佛罗里达热带研究与教育中心(TREC/UF)的实验果园进行。试验设计为14个处理，10个重复，每个处理和每棵树3朵花，用于' Red '和' Lessard Thai '品种。为评价质量，每个处理取9个果实，重复3次，每次重复3个果实。品种间固果率的不稳定性较高。施用生长调节剂并没有增加试验品种的固果效果。萘乙酸对糖苹果品种的花有一定的毒害作用。施用生长调节剂处理的果实最不均匀(不对称)。佐剂的使用显示出毒性，对果皮造成损害。对称性最大的果实可溶性固形物含量最低，毒性最高。与手传粉相关的生长调节剂的施用效率不高，导致荔枝科品种的固果率较低。所研究的处理均未产生单性果果(无种子)。在施用浓度中使用一种佐剂对两个品种的果皮造成损害(因毒性而变黑)。
{"title":"Effect of plant-growth regulators, adjuvants and artificial pollination on the fixation and quality of Annona squamosa L cultivars’ fruit","authors":"Pollyana Cardoso Chagas, Jonathan Crane, Edvan Alves Chagas, Wagner Vendrame, Bárbara Nogueira Souza Costa, Aurélio Rubio Neto, Elias Ariel de Moura","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.62036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.62036","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the effect of plant regulators (gibberellic acid and naphthalene acetic acid) and adjuvant LI 700® with and without hand pollination on the fruiting and quality of Annona squamosa L. cultivars. The experiment was conducted in the experimental orchard of the Florida Tropical Research and Education Center (TREC/UF) in Homestead, Florida, USA. The experimental design in random blocks comprised 14 treatments, 10 repetitions and 3 flowers per treatment and per tree for ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ cultivars. To assess quality, 9 fruit from each treatment were used, with 3 repetitions and 3 fruit per repetition. High instability was observed in fruit fixation rates between cultivars. The application of growth regulators did not increase fruit fixation in the tested cultivars. The application of naphthalene acetic acid had a deleterious effect on the flowers of the sugar apple cultivars. The most uneven (asymmetrical) fruit was obtained in the treatments with the application of growth regulators. The application of the adjuvant showed toxicity, causing damage to the skin of the fruit. The fruit with the greatest symmetry had the lowest levels of soluble solids and the highest toxicity. The application of growth regulators associated with hand pollination was not efficient, presenting a low percentage of fruit fixation for Annonaceae cultivars. None of the studied treatments produced parthenocarpic fruit (without seeds). The utilization of an adjuvant in the applied concentration caused damage to the fruit peels (darkening) due to toxicity in both cultivars.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135619080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60748
Ricardo Silva de Sousa, Luís Alfredo Pinheiro Leal Nunes, Francisco de Alcântara Neto, Henrique Antunes de Souza, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira de Araújo
This study was performed to investigate the effects of composted tannery sludge (CTS) on the physical properties of tropical sandy soil after seven years of CTS application. CTS was applied to a Fluvisol at five rates (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 Mg ha-1) in experimental plots (sized 20 m2) with four replications. Water infiltration into the soil was determined in the field with the concentric-ring infiltrometer method. Bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, and microporosity were determined in the soil samples. The permanent CTS application altered the physical properties of the soil and led to a decrease in bulk density. The total porosity, microporosity and macroporosity values in the CTS-applied soil ranged from 44.1–51.7, 34.6–39.4, and 9.1–12.8%, respectively. Water-infiltration rates were significantly influenced by CTS. The cumulative infiltrated water in the soil varied from 21.3–34.7 cm. The basic infiltration rate was lower in the unamended soil and increased with an increase in the rate of CTS application. This study confirmed that the physical soil parameters improved after the permanent CTS application. Therefore, this application may be a suitable strategy for improving physical soil properties over time.
{"title":"Physical soil properties after seven years of composted tannery-sludge application","authors":"Ricardo Silva de Sousa, Luís Alfredo Pinheiro Leal Nunes, Francisco de Alcântara Neto, Henrique Antunes de Souza, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira de Araújo","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60748","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed to investigate the effects of composted tannery sludge (CTS) on the physical properties of tropical sandy soil after seven years of CTS application. CTS was applied to a Fluvisol at five rates (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 Mg ha-1) in experimental plots (sized 20 m2) with four replications. Water infiltration into the soil was determined in the field with the concentric-ring infiltrometer method. Bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, and microporosity were determined in the soil samples. The permanent CTS application altered the physical properties of the soil and led to a decrease in bulk density. The total porosity, microporosity and macroporosity values in the CTS-applied soil ranged from 44.1–51.7, 34.6–39.4, and 9.1–12.8%, respectively. Water-infiltration rates were significantly influenced by CTS. The cumulative infiltrated water in the soil varied from 21.3–34.7 cm. The basic infiltration rate was lower in the unamended soil and increased with an increase in the rate of CTS application. This study confirmed that the physical soil parameters improved after the permanent CTS application. Therefore, this application may be a suitable strategy for improving physical soil properties over time.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61163
Daniela Popim Miqueloni, Giselle Mariano Lessa de Assis, Paulo Marcio Beber
The selection of superior genotypes considering several traits simultaneously allows the release of more adapted, productive, and nutritive cultivars. To select forage peanut genotypes for use as animal feed and for ornamental purposes, 67 genotypes were evaluated. Twelve agronomic and nutritive value traits were evaluated in three temporally separated trials: a randomized complete block design. The mixed model method (Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP)) was employed for estimating genetic parameters and predicting genotypic values, which were used in the selection indexes. The selection criteria considered vegetative and seed propagation traits corresponding to the use of forage peanut as animal feed and for ornamental purposes. Seed productivity was also evaluated and correlated with other traits. Genetic variability with high heritability in seed production was observed. Plant vigor, ground cover, and dry matter yield were negatively correlated with seed production. Among the genotypes evaluated, there is a possibility of selecting 14 and 16 genotypes corresponding to seed propagation for animal feed and ornamental purposes, respectively. For vegetative propagation, there are 16 and 14 promising genotypes for animal feed and ornamental purposes, respectively. Vegetatively propagated genotypes generally performed better in terms of agronomic traits related to feed production.
{"title":"Forage peanut genetic variability: Multi-trait selection for forage production and ornamental purposes","authors":"Daniela Popim Miqueloni, Giselle Mariano Lessa de Assis, Paulo Marcio Beber","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61163","url":null,"abstract":"The selection of superior genotypes considering several traits simultaneously allows the release of more adapted, productive, and nutritive cultivars. To select forage peanut genotypes for use as animal feed and for ornamental purposes, 67 genotypes were evaluated. Twelve agronomic and nutritive value traits were evaluated in three temporally separated trials: a randomized complete block design. The mixed model method (Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP)) was employed for estimating genetic parameters and predicting genotypic values, which were used in the selection indexes. The selection criteria considered vegetative and seed propagation traits corresponding to the use of forage peanut as animal feed and for ornamental purposes. Seed productivity was also evaluated and correlated with other traits. Genetic variability with high heritability in seed production was observed. Plant vigor, ground cover, and dry matter yield were negatively correlated with seed production. Among the genotypes evaluated, there is a possibility of selecting 14 and 16 genotypes corresponding to seed propagation for animal feed and ornamental purposes, respectively. For vegetative propagation, there are 16 and 14 promising genotypes for animal feed and ornamental purposes, respectively. Vegetatively propagated genotypes generally performed better in terms of agronomic traits related to feed production.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60644
William Gleidson Alves Torres, Fernando Colen, Michele Xavier Vieira Megda, Leidivan Almeida Frazão, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza Prates, Regynaldo Arruda Sampaio, Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes
Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced during organic waste pyrolysis. In this context, two experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of biochar produced from rice husks and cattle manure on soil fertility and common bean production, as well as to identify the optimal dose of cattle manure biochar to be applied. The first experiment (Experiment I) was conducted according to a completely randomized design (factorial scheme 2 × 2 × 2 + 1) with six replicates: two types of biochar (cattle manure biochar and rice husk biochar), with and without acidity correction [addition of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate (PA) in a proportion of 4:1 (Ca:Mg) to raise the soil base saturation to 60%], with or without the addition of 120 mg dm-3 of phosphorus (P) as ammonium phosphate, and a control treatment (without biochar, acidity correction, and P). Based on the results of Experiment I, a second experiment was conducted according to a completely randomized design, with five treatments (doses of biochar from cattle manure) and four replications. Rice husk biochar, as a conditioner of soil chemical properties, had less prominent effects than cattle manure biochar. Cattle manure biochar functioned as a corrective for soil acidity and a source of nutrients (mainly phosphorus). The dose corresponding to 5.46% of the soil volume led to the maximum grain production by common bean plants.
{"title":"Biochar as a soil conditioner for common bean plants","authors":"William Gleidson Alves Torres, Fernando Colen, Michele Xavier Vieira Megda, Leidivan Almeida Frazão, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza Prates, Regynaldo Arruda Sampaio, Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60644","url":null,"abstract":"Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced during organic waste pyrolysis. In this context, two experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of biochar produced from rice husks and cattle manure on soil fertility and common bean production, as well as to identify the optimal dose of cattle manure biochar to be applied. The first experiment (Experiment I) was conducted according to a completely randomized design (factorial scheme 2 × 2 × 2 + 1) with six replicates: two types of biochar (cattle manure biochar and rice husk biochar), with and without acidity correction [addition of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate (PA) in a proportion of 4:1 (Ca:Mg) to raise the soil base saturation to 60%], with or without the addition of 120 mg dm-3 of phosphorus (P) as ammonium phosphate, and a control treatment (without biochar, acidity correction, and P). Based on the results of Experiment I, a second experiment was conducted according to a completely randomized design, with five treatments (doses of biochar from cattle manure) and four replications. Rice husk biochar, as a conditioner of soil chemical properties, had less prominent effects than cattle manure biochar. Cattle manure biochar functioned as a corrective for soil acidity and a source of nutrients (mainly phosphorus). The dose corresponding to 5.46% of the soil volume led to the maximum grain production by common bean plants.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60964
Edvan Costa da Silva, Fabíola Villa, Daniel Fernandes da Silva, Jean Carlo Possenti, Adriana de Castro Correia da Silva, Michel Anderson Masiero
Technical and secure information on the production of quality atemoya seedlings (Annona squamosa L. x Annona cherimola Mill.) are of paramount importance due to the growing interest in this crop. This study aimed to assess the formation of atemoya seedlings propagated by grafting methods and cultivars using araticum (Annona sylvatica) rootstocks. The experiment was carried out in a screened environment at the Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Campus of Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná State, Brazil. Atemoya grafts (Thompson, African Pride, and Gefner) were collected from plants from the CATI seedling nursery, located in São Bento do Sapucaí, São Paulo State, Brazil. Grafting was performed using 1-year-old araticum rootstocks with 8–10 mm in diameter at a height of 15 cm from the ground and grafts measuring, on average, 8.5 cm in length, 10 mm in diameter, and three buds. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement (three grafting methods: cleft graft, whip and tongue graft, and chip budding × three cultivars: African Pride, Thompson, and Gefner), with four replications and 10 seedlings per replication, totaling 40 seedlings per treatment. The percentage of graft success (%), percentage of sprouting (%), number of sprouts, number of leaves, and longest sprout length (cm) were assessed at 60 days after grafting. The cleft graft method is efficient for producing atemoya seedlings. The cultivar African Pride can be grafted onto rootstocks by the cleft graft and whip and tongue graft methods, as they promote a higher percentage of graft success. The Annona sylvatica rootstock has potential for the production of atemoya seedlings, but chip budding is not viable.
由于人们对这种作物的兴趣日益浓厚，关于优质红豆苗(Annona squamosa L. x Annona cherimola Mill.)生产的技术和安全信息至关重要。本研究旨在研究以小红花(aratium sylvatica)为砧木嫁接方式繁殖的红豆苗的形成情况。实验在巴西帕拉纳州Marechal college ndido Rondon校区的西帕拉纳州立大学(Unioeste)的一个屏蔽环境中进行。Atemoya移植物(Thompson、African Pride和Gefner)来自位于巴西圣保罗州 o Bento do Sapucaí的CATI苗圃。嫁接采用1年生，直径8 - 10mm，距地面15cm的阿拉菲木砧木，嫁接平均长8.5 cm，直径10mm, 3个芽。试验设计采用3 × 3因子随机分组设计(3种嫁接方式:裂接、舌接和舌接，3种嫁接方式:非洲骄傲、汤普森和格夫纳)，4个重复，每个重复10株苗，每个处理共40株苗。在嫁接后60天，评估嫁接成功率(%)、出芽率(%)、芽数、叶数和最长芽长(cm)。裂接法是一种高效的红豆苗繁育方法。栽培非洲骄傲可以嫁接到砧木通过裂接和鞭和舌嫁接方法，因为他们促进更高的嫁接成功率。山茱萸砧木有生产山茱萸幼苗的潜力，但切花出芽不可行。
{"title":"Potential Potential of a native araticum species as the rootstock of atemoya cultivars propagated by grafting methods","authors":"Edvan Costa da Silva, Fabíola Villa, Daniel Fernandes da Silva, Jean Carlo Possenti, Adriana de Castro Correia da Silva, Michel Anderson Masiero","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60964","url":null,"abstract":"Technical and secure information on the production of quality atemoya seedlings (Annona squamosa L. x Annona cherimola Mill.) are of paramount importance due to the growing interest in this crop. This study aimed to assess the formation of atemoya seedlings propagated by grafting methods and cultivars using araticum (Annona sylvatica) rootstocks. The experiment was carried out in a screened environment at the Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Campus of Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná State, Brazil. Atemoya grafts (Thompson, African Pride, and Gefner) were collected from plants from the CATI seedling nursery, located in São Bento do Sapucaí, São Paulo State, Brazil. Grafting was performed using 1-year-old araticum rootstocks with 8–10 mm in diameter at a height of 15 cm from the ground and grafts measuring, on average, 8.5 cm in length, 10 mm in diameter, and three buds. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement (three grafting methods: cleft graft, whip and tongue graft, and chip budding × three cultivars: African Pride, Thompson, and Gefner), with four replications and 10 seedlings per replication, totaling 40 seedlings per treatment. The percentage of graft success (%), percentage of sprouting (%), number of sprouts, number of leaves, and longest sprout length (cm) were assessed at 60 days after grafting. The cleft graft method is efficient for producing atemoya seedlings. The cultivar African Pride can be grafted onto rootstocks by the cleft graft and whip and tongue graft methods, as they promote a higher percentage of graft success. The Annona sylvatica rootstock has potential for the production of atemoya seedlings, but chip budding is not viable.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60807
Gustavo Soares Wenneck, Reni Saath, Adriana Lima Moro, Gleyson Pablo da Silva Carvalho, Danilo Cesar Santi, Roberto Rezende
Growing conditions such as water supply and soil fertility influence oregano morphological development and physiological responses. Our study aimed to analyse the physiological responses of oregano plants grown under different water conditions and bokashi application rates. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse under a randomized block design and a 3 x 4 factorial scheme. Treatments encompassed three water replacement levels (60, 80, and 100% crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and four bokashi rates (0, 100, 200, and 300 g m-2), with five replications each. Oregano seedlings were transplanted and grown in a spacing of 0.3 m between plants and 1 m between bed rows. After 60 days, treatments were evaluated for photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (Gs), internal CO2 rate (Ci), transpiration (E), and water-use efficiency (WUE). Data underwent variance analysis by F-teste, multivariate analysis, and Pearson's linear correlation. Oregano physiological responses were significantly influenced by water replacement level and the application rate of fermented bokashi compost. The multivariate analysis allowed us to analyse the interaction effect between water replacement level and bokashi rate on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2, and transpiration.
水分供应和土壤肥力等生长条件影响牛至的形态发育和生理反应。本研究旨在分析不同水分条件和施用bokashi量下牛至植株的生理反应。试验在温室内进行，采用随机区组设计和3 × 4因子方案。处理包括3个水分置换水平(60%、80%和100%作物蒸散- ETc)和4个bokashi速率(0、100、200和300 g -2)，每个重复5个。牛至幼苗移栽种植，株距0.3 m，畦行间距1 m。60 d后，对各处理的光合速率(A)、气孔导度(Gs)、内部CO2速率(Ci)、蒸腾速率(E)和水分利用效率(WUE)进行评价。数据采用f检验、多变量分析和Pearson线性相关进行方差分析。补水量和发酵bokashi堆肥用量对牛至生理反应有显著影响。通过多变量分析，我们分析了水分置换水平和bokashi速率对光合作用、气孔导度、内部CO2和蒸腾的交互作用。
{"title":"Physiological responses of oregano under different water management and application of fermented bokashi compost","authors":"Gustavo Soares Wenneck, Reni Saath, Adriana Lima Moro, Gleyson Pablo da Silva Carvalho, Danilo Cesar Santi, Roberto Rezende","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.60807","url":null,"abstract":"Growing conditions such as water supply and soil fertility influence oregano morphological development and physiological responses. Our study aimed to analyse the physiological responses of oregano plants grown under different water conditions and bokashi application rates. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse under a randomized block design and a 3 x 4 factorial scheme. Treatments encompassed three water replacement levels (60, 80, and 100% crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and four bokashi rates (0, 100, 200, and 300 g m-2), with five replications each. Oregano seedlings were transplanted and grown in a spacing of 0.3 m between plants and 1 m between bed rows. After 60 days, treatments were evaluated for photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (Gs), internal CO2 rate (Ci), transpiration (E), and water-use efficiency (WUE). Data underwent variance analysis by F-teste, multivariate analysis, and Pearson's linear correlation. Oregano physiological responses were significantly influenced by water replacement level and the application rate of fermented bokashi compost. The multivariate analysis allowed us to analyse the interaction effect between water replacement level and bokashi rate on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2, and transpiration.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61550
Francyse Edite de Oliveira Chagas, Michele Jorge da Silva, Antônio Carlos da Silva Júnior, Renato Domiciano Silva Rosado, Cosme Damião Cruz
The development of superior cultivars involves parents with superiority for the traits of interest and wide genetic variability. Efficient plant breeding and selection strategies that allow for the identification of superior genotypes are essential in breeding programs. This work aims to carry out a comparative study between several strategies for choosing parents, for hybridization purposes, based on phenotypic analysis and molecular information. To obtain the phenotypic and genotypic information of the parents, data simulation was used. For genotyping, 2000 single nucleotide polymorphism markers were used, and from all possible gametes to be formed (22000), 5000 were randomly sampled to form each of the 100 individuals of the population of recombinant inbred strains. To obtain the phenotypic information, five characteristics with different levels of complexity were simulated. The comparative study was carried out using data referring to simulated genotypic values of hybrids and parents. Then, aiming to choose the parents destined for hybridization, different traditional selection strategies based on phenotypic analysis and the genome-wide selection methodology were approached. The genomic information resulted in the choice of the best lines and in obtaining superior hybrids when compared with traditional methodologies. The inclusion of the genomic genetic values of the parents in determining the crosses to be carried out increases the probability of generating phenotypically superior hybrids. Thus, the traditional methods of choosing parents for hybridization purposes are effective, but when incorporating the information from genome-wide selection, the choice of parents provides superior and promising results.
{"title":"Comparative study between phenotypic and genomic analyses aimed at choosing parents for hybridization purposes","authors":"Francyse Edite de Oliveira Chagas, Michele Jorge da Silva, Antônio Carlos da Silva Júnior, Renato Domiciano Silva Rosado, Cosme Damião Cruz","doi":"10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.61550","url":null,"abstract":"The development of superior cultivars involves parents with superiority for the traits of interest and wide genetic variability. Efficient plant breeding and selection strategies that allow for the identification of superior genotypes are essential in breeding programs. This work aims to carry out a comparative study between several strategies for choosing parents, for hybridization purposes, based on phenotypic analysis and molecular information. To obtain the phenotypic and genotypic information of the parents, data simulation was used. For genotyping, 2000 single nucleotide polymorphism markers were used, and from all possible gametes to be formed (22000), 5000 were randomly sampled to form each of the 100 individuals of the population of recombinant inbred strains. To obtain the phenotypic information, five characteristics with different levels of complexity were simulated. The comparative study was carried out using data referring to simulated genotypic values of hybrids and parents. Then, aiming to choose the parents destined for hybridization, different traditional selection strategies based on phenotypic analysis and the genome-wide selection methodology were approached. The genomic information resulted in the choice of the best lines and in obtaining superior hybrids when compared with traditional methodologies. The inclusion of the genomic genetic values of the parents in determining the crosses to be carried out increases the probability of generating phenotypically superior hybrids. Thus, the traditional methods of choosing parents for hybridization purposes are effective, but when incorporating the information from genome-wide selection, the choice of parents provides superior and promising results.","PeriodicalId":7197,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum-agronomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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