Alpha psychiatry最新文献

Background: Children in low-resource countries like Georgia often have limited access to assessment measures for mental health care services. This study adapts and validates the mental health screening tool the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire for use in Georgian children.

Methods: A total of 16 654 children were assessed by a parent and/or teacher using Georgian-adapted Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to assess the discriminative validity of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires and to establish an optimal cutoff score.

Results: Data from 15 738 parents- and 13 560 teachers-administered Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire were analyzed. The internal consistency analysis showed Cronbach's alpha to be 0.625 and 0.621 for parent- and teacher-administered Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, respectively. The area under the curve (95% CI) shows that the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire can differentiate risk group children from typically developing peers: parent-administered questionnaires-0.629 (0.556-0.702) and teacher-administered questionnaires-0.680 (0.611-0.789). Parent-administered Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire has a cutoff value of 16 or more with 92.5% of sensitivity and teacher-administered Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire-14 or more with a sensitivity of 85.6%.

Conclusion: The study finds that the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire is a valid screening instrument and does not depend on the informant-parent or teacher. It suggests that with appropriate cultural adaptation, the SDQ can be used in the Republic of Georgia to identify children at risk for mental disorders and help guide resource allocation.

Background: In the field of psychiatry, environmental factors, disease status and severity, functionality, perceived social support, and social relations are variables that affect psychopathology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between environmental factors, disease diagnosis and severity with psychopathology using nonrecursive models included in structural equation modeling.

Methods: Within the scope of the study, 378 patients' demographic characteristics, as well as their responses to the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Personal and Social Performance Scale were included. They were diagnosed with the International Classification of Diseases after assessment of the physician, severity of the symptoms were determined using the Clinical Global Impression Scale. The causal relationship between environmental factors and disease diagnosis with psychopathology was evaluated with the Stata program using the 3-stage least squares method within the scope of nonrecursive models.

Results: The mean age of the patients participating in the study was 37.3 (SD = 11.6); 61.6% were women, 58.8% had high school or lower education, 48.7% were married, and 72.1% had an income above the minimum wage. The mean score of support perceived by individuals from the environment (family, friend, partner) was 53.9 (SD = 18.9), the mean of self-esteem score was 22.8 (SD = 5.7), and the mean of trauma they experienced in their childhood due to abuse/neglect was 44.5 (SD = 12.1). It was concluded that age and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire neglect subheadings were effective in the self-esteem score, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire neglect and abuse subheadings were effective in perceived social support (P < .001).

Conclusion: When the causality relationships between Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Personal and Social Performance Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support scores were evaluated, childhood trauma and age were determined as significant variables for self-esteem, childhood trauma for perceived support, and disease severity and diagnosis in individual and social functionality.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2023.221011.].

Objective: There are studies in the literature that link restless legs syndrome with increasing cardiovascular disease risk. The reason for this was that increased sympathomimetic activation in restless legs syndrome causes tachycardia, hypertension, and autonomic instability. We intended to assess the cardiovascular disease risk in patients with restless legs syndrome using electrocardiogram parameters.

Methods: The present investigation compared the demographic characteristics, electrocardiogram variables, and lab results of 40 patients diagnosed with restless legs syndrome with 43 healthy controls.

Results: Restless legs syndrome patients had a higher frontal QRS-T angle than healthy control patients. Restless legs syndrome patients had lower hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, basophil, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. There was a significant increase in eosinophil, platelet, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio values in patients with restless legs syndrome. The frontal QRS-T angle is highly correlated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P = .001). Similarly, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio values were significantly correlated with frontal QRS-T (P = .011 and P = .24).

Conclusion: The fact that frontal QRS-T angle and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were correlated in the restless legs syndrome group in our study suggests that the inflammatory process may have increased the risk of cardiovascular disease in restless legs syndrome patients. Our findings show that the frontal QRS-T angle is high in restless legs syndrome patients. We conclude that C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio are higher in the restless legs syndrome patient group and are related to cardiovascular disease risk.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between stress response, childhood adversity, and positive psychological resources in young adults, to investigate the mediation effect of positive psychological resources, and to compare the moderated mediation effects between depressed and non-depressed groups.

Methods: A total of 360 young adults (165 outpatients diagnosed with depression and 195 non-depressed participants) were recruited. Data were collected using the Adverse Childhood Events questionnaire, Positive Resources Test, and Stress Response Inventory. Models 4 and 14 of the PROCESS macro were used to test the mediating and moderated mediating effects.

Results: In both groups, the stress response was negatively correlated with positive psychological resources and positively correlated with childhood adversity. Positive psychological resources mediated childhood adversity and depression. In the depression group, positive resources had a moderated mediation effect on the relationship between childhood adversity, positive psychological resources, and stress response.

Conclusion: The findings suggest the importance of enhancing positive psychological resources, especially in patient groups, to help overcome childhood adversity and cope with stress more effectively.

Objective: Several studies have highlighted that internalizing problems have not received all the attention it deserves because they are not visible in children's observable behavior. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between differences in parenting practices and internalizing problems in children and adolescents.

Methods: Our study sample consisted of 554 children (288 boys and 266 girls) between 3 and 13 years of age who participated in the study. Their respective parents provided the information about them. The instruments used have been the Behavioral Assessment System for Children and Adolescents and parenting style, defined according to the Parental Parenting Questionnaire. The Parenting Questionnaire considers 7 factors: social and emotional support received by a mother or father, satisfaction with parenting, involvement, communication, limit setting, autonomy, and role orientation.

Results: The results showed that children with high scores in internalizing problems tended to have parents with low levels of support, limit setting, and autonomy, along with low levels of maternal satisfaction with parenting. A regression analysis was also conducted, producing a model capable of predicting 14% of the variance in internalizing problems. The model was based on the following parenting variables: maternal support, autonomy and satisfaction with parenting, and paternal limit setting and role orientation.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that the information obtained is very useful for the design of parenting programs related to certain aspects of current educational practice. Furthermore, parents' responses to the instruments used revealed patterns of behavior that can be modified in both parents and children.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2023.27122022.].