Alpha psychiatry最新文献

Objective: In our study, we aimed to adapt the Suicide Crisis Inventory (SCI), which can be used specifically to assess the acute phase of suicide, to the Turkish population by examining its Turkish validity and reliability in a non-clinical sample.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 university students aged 18-24 years were evaluated online using the Socio-demographic and Clinical Data Form, the SCI, and the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ). Criterion validity, discriminative validity, and factor analyses (exploratory and confirmatory) were conducted for the validity of the SCI, and internal consistency and item-total correlations were examined for reliability analyses. Additionally, a linear regression model was constructed to assess the predictive validity of the SCI. The predictive validity of past SCI scores was evaluated using a simple regression model.

Results: When the linear regression model was tested with SCI scores as the independent variable and SBQ scores as the dependent variable [F(1-298) = 203.625; P = .000], it was found that the independent variable explained 41% of the variance in the dependent variable (r = 0.637; r ² = 0.406). SCI scores significantly predicted SBQ scores (t = 14.270; B = 0.047; Bsth = 0.003; β = 0.647; P = .000). In the validity analysis, the items removed from the scale could be evaluated for the total score, as they did not belong to any factor as originally specified. When items were removed, the total item reliability was Cronbach's alpha = 0.981.

Conclusion: We believe that the SCI will be a useful tool in assessing short-term suicide risk in a Turkish sample and in conducting scientific research. The SCI was found to be sufficient for use in a Turkish sample for the evaluation of short-term suicide risk, considering some limitations.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that develops and persists after an individual experiences a major traumatic or life-threatening event. While pharmacological treatment and psychological interventions can alleviate some symptoms, pharmacotherapy is time-consuming with low patient compliance, and psychological interventions are costly. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and effective technique for treating PTSD, with advantages such as high compliance, low cost, and simplicity of implementation. It can even simultaneously improve depressive symptoms in some patients. Current research indicates that high-frequency rTMS shows better therapeutic effects compared to low-frequency rTMS, with no significant difference in the likelihood of adverse reactions between the two. Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS) exhibits similar efficacy to high-frequency rTMS, with shorter duration and significant improvement in depressive symptoms. However, it carries a slightly higher risk of adverse reactions compared to traditional high-frequency rTMS. Combining rTMS with psychological therapy appears to be more effective in improving PTSD symptoms, with early onset of effects and longer duration, albeit at higher cost and requiring individualized patient control. The most common adverse effect of treatment is headache, which can be improved by stopping treatment or using analgesics. Despite these encouraging data, several aspects remain unknown. Given the highly heterogeneous nature of PTSD, defining unique treatment methods for this patient population is quite challenging. There are also considerable differences between trials regarding stimulation parameters, therapeutic effects, and the role of combined psychological therapy, which future research needs to address.

Objective: To investigate whether the combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and auricular point pressure bean could effectively ameliorate postoperative affective disorder in elderly patients suffering from cerebral hemorrhage.

Methods: From June 2020 to September 2023, 116 elderly patients with depression after cerebral hemorrhage, who underwent surgical procedures were divided into the exposure group and the control group. The division was determined based on whether received rTMS and traditional Chinese medicine auricular point pressure bean therapy. Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression scale (HAMD), National Institutes of Health Stroke scale (NIHSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA) and Mini Mental State examination scale (MMSE) were collected and compared between before intervention and after intervention.

Results: In accordance with a 1 : 1 matching ratio, the patients in the study were paired using propensity score matching (PSM), with 53 patients in both the exposure group and the control group. There were no notable differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups (P > .05). Following the intervention, the HAMA score and the NIHSS score of the exposure group were markedly lower than those of the control group (P < .001). Additionally, theMoCA scores (P = .001) and MMSE scores (P < .001) in the exposure group were significantlyhigher. The difference score have a significant difference in HAMA score (P = .001), NIHSS score (P < .001), MoCA (P < .001) and MMSE scores (P < .001).

Conclusion: The combination of rTMS therapy and auricular point pressure bean therapy in traditional Chinese medicine demonstrates can effectively relieve the anxiety level, postoperative emotional and cognitive disorders of elderly patients after intracerebral hemorrhage, and provide certain ideas and support for clinical treatment.

Objective: This paper presents a preliminary study on whether low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-TMS) can modulate the gut microbiota in mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).

Methods: Mice received LF-TMS (1 Hz, 20 mT) for 28 consecutive days under chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The composition of gut microbiota of stool samples were tested.

Results: CUMS caused significant changes in gut microbiotas, specifically in community diversity of gut microbiotas (P < .05). Compared with the stressed group mice, the Chao1 index (P < .05), Observed species index (P < .05), Faith's PD index (P < .05) and Shannon index (P < .05) of the LF-TMS treatment group were significantly increased. Furthermore, 1 Hz LF-TMS-treatment partially recovered chronic stress induced changes of microbiotas, such as the abundance of Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria.

Conclusion: These results manifested that LF-TMS treatment can improve the anhedonic behaviors caused by CUMS in mice, which are connected with regulating the related intestinal microbial community disturbance, including species diversity, structure of gut microbiota, and species composition.

Objective: In recent years, the risk of depression has increased among young people, and changes in body mass index (BMI) during childhood may be important factors in their development. However, the relationship between changes in BMI during childhood and the risk of depression needs further research and exploration.

Methods: The annual health examination data were collected from Physical Examination Center of Wuhan Mental Health Center Hospital, including 1226 students. The height and weight of students at the age of 11, 14, and 17 were recorded in sequence, and at 18 years old, these students were followed up according to the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) to evaluate the depression. The relationship between BMI trends and depression was analyzed through Logistic regression analysis.

Results: The growth trend of BMI was divided into normal growth, slow growth, and excessive growth. The odds ratio (OR) value for depression in the slow growth was 1.218 (95% CI, 0.995-1.493) compared to the normal growth, which was no significant difference (P = .056). The OR value for depression in the excessive growth was 1.982 (95% CI, 1.243-3.177) compared to the normal growth, which was significant difference (P = .003).

Conclusion: The rapid growth of BMI is correlated with the occurrence of depression in young individuals and may be a contributing factor to the development of depression in this demographic.

Objective: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition provides precise diagnostic criteria to differentiate between bipolar disorder (BD) type I and II; nevertheless, it can be challenging to come up with the right diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sociodemographic differences, clinical features, comorbidities, and pharmacological pattern between patients with BD type I and II.

Methods: A total of 680 patients with BD type I and II were consecutively recruited to our psychiatry department. A semi-structured interview was used to collect several information.

Results: Patients with BD type I were mostly males, single, with a lower current age, and unemployed compared to patients with BD type II. Furthermore, patients with BD type I showed an earlier age at onset and a significant higher prevalence of psychotic and residual symptoms, a higher number of hospitalizations, and involuntary admissions. On the other hand, patients with BD type II were associated with a significant higher prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts, psychiatric comorbidities, and use of alcohol. Finally, antidepressant drugs were prescribed more often to patients with BD type II, while antipsychotics and mood stabilizers were mostly prescribed in patients with BD type I.

Conclusion: the differentiation of the 2 nosologic bipolar diagnosis is in line with the current scientific interest, confirming the existence of a markedly different profile between BD type I and II. This differentiation could reduce the heterogeneity of bipolar presentation in research, optimize clinical assessment, and increase the interest in developing more precise and individualized therapeutic strategies, also implementing psychosocial therapies.

Objective: Anxiety and depression commonly afflict colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery patients, but their impact on survival remains uncertain.

Methods: We systematically reviewed three databases for relevant articles. Data included study and patient characteristics, cancer type, anxiety/depression measures, timing, and prevalence. Meta-analyses, using common- or random-effects models, assessed associations. Subgroup analyses based on follow-up duration and publication bias assessment were performed.

Results: We analyzed seven cohort studies, examining anxiety and depression's impact on mortality in colorectal cancer patients. Samples ranged from 215 to 567 for anxiety and 215 to 46 710 for depression. Using common- or random-effects models based on heterogeneity, anxiety and depression showed increased mortality risk. Pooled odds ratio (OR) for anxiety was 1.07 (95% CI [confidence interval] 1.05-1.10), depression's OR was 2.76 (95% CI 1.25-6.11; random-effects). Pooled hazard ratio (HR) for anxiety was 1.33 (95% CI 1.28-1.37; common-effects) and 1.30 (95% CI 1.19-1.43; random-effects). HRs for depression were 1.45 (95% CI 1.30-1.61; random-effects) and 1.28 (95% CI 1.25-1.32; common-effects). Subgroup analyses revealed stronger effects on mortality in a shorter follow-up (0-5 years) compared to a longer follow-up (5-28 years).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis shows that anxiety and depression are linked to increased mortality in patients with CRC. The findings suggested that screening and treating mental distress improve survival and quality of life in this population.

Objective: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a prevalent chronic mental disorder characterized by a high recurrence rate and significant disability. Currently, no satisfactory pharmacological treatments have been identified. Although Ningshen Wendan decoction (NSWDD) has shown promising results in improving cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia, its underlying mechanism of action remains unclear.

Methods: This study systematically investigated the mechanisms of NSWDD in SCZ treatment using network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches.

Results: Analysis of the interaction genes revealed 307 common targets of NSWDD and SCZ. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated the involvement of multiple signaling pathways including interleukin 17 signaling pathway, multiple virus infections, Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) - receptor of AGEs (AGEs-RAGE) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway as key pathways influenced by NSWDD in treating SCZ. These pathways are associated with various biological processes such as transcriptional regulation, apoptosis regulation, gene expression regulation, and external stimulus-response. Molecular docking simulations indicated favorable binding interactions between components of NSWDD and target proteins via intermolecular forces.

Conclusion: The study provided initial insights into the internal molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of NSWDD on SCZ through multi-target modulation across multiple pathways.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mediating role of general self-efficacy in the influence of social media identity bubble reinforcement on the happiness index among Chinese medical staff.

Methods: This study utilized data (n = 877) from the 2022 Psychological and Behavioral Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) related to medical staff. Correlation analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, and the relationships between general self-efficacy, social media identity bubble reinforcement, and the happiness index of Chinese medical staff were examined using AMOS 23.0 software.

Results: The happiness index of Chinese medical staff was scored at 2.93 ± 1.21 for each item. Social media identity bubble reinforcement among Chinese medical staff was positively correlated with general self-efficacy (r = 0.380, P < .001), as well as with the happiness index (r = 0.330, P < .001). General self-efficacy was positively correlated with the happiness index (r = 0.575, P < .001) and was found to mediate the relationship between social media identity bubble reinforcement and the happiness index of Chinese medical staff. In terms of the mediating effect of social media identity bubble reinforcement, the direct effect's 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.031-0.142, accounting for 34.68% of the total effect, which is statistically significant (P = .015), while the 95% CI of the indirect effect was 0.125-0.212, representing 65.32% of the total effect, also statistically significant (P = .005).

Conclusion: Social media identity bubble reinforcement and general self-efficacy were found to be important factors influencing the happiness index of medical staff. Hospital managers and policymakers can thus enhance the social media identity bubble reinforcement and general self-efficacy of Chinese medical staff through effective measures to improve their happiness indices.