Blockchain in healthcare today最新文献

Objective: The authors propose and evaluate a novel cybersecurity architecture for telehealth that is resilient against future quantum computing cyber threats. By integrating post-quantum cryptography (PQC) with quantum key distribution (QKD) and privacy-preserving mechanisms, data confidentiality and immutability for patient records in a post-quantum era are ensured.

Methods: A multi-layered design approach was adopted. The PQC algorithms (e.g. CRYSTALS-Dilithium) were integrated at the blockchain consensus layer to resist quantum attacks. A directed acyclic graph (DAG)-based ledger managed high transaction throughput and latency constraints typical of telehealth. A QKD-enhanced key management protocol leveraged quantum channels for secure exchanges. Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) and secure multiparty computation (MPC) verified transactions without exposing sensitive patient data. A granular access control model used attribute-based encryption and smart contracts to govern which participants could view or modify encrypted medical records.

Results: The prototype was developed within a simulated telehealth network comprising hospitals, clinics, and patient devices. The PQC signatures at the consensus layer provided effective resistance to both classical and anticipated quantum attacks. The QKD facilitated secure key distribution, while ZKPs and MPC enabled validation of healthcare transactions without compromising patient privacy. Despite increased computational overhead, the DAG approach efficiently handled parallel transactions, indicating improved scalability compared to traditional linear blockchains.

Conclusion: A QKD-enhanced, PQC-driven framework successfully addresses critical security and privacy requirements, safeguarding medical data from emerging quantum threats. Although overhead and infrastructural costs are significant, sustained cryptographic resilience and robust patient confidentiality underscore its suitability for next-generation healthcare systems. Future studies should explore additional optimizations, homomorphic encryption, and larger-scale pilots under regulatory standards.

Fog computing (FC) is an emerging technology that extends the capability and efficiency of cloud computing networks by acting as a bridge among the cloud and the device. Fog devices can process an enormous volume of information locally, are transportable, and can be deployed on a variety of systems. Because of its real-time processing and event reactions, it is ideal for healthcare. With such a wide range of characteristics, new security and privacy concerns arise. Due to the safe transmission, arrival, and access, as well as the availability of medical devices, security creates new issues in the area of healthcare. As an outcome, FC necessitates a unique approach to security and privacy metrics, as opposed to standard cloud computing methods. Hence, this article suggests an effective blockchain depending on secure healthcare services in FC. Here, the fog nodes gather the information from the medical sensor device and the data are validated using smart contracts in the blockchain network. We propose a functional biased elliptic curve cryptography algorithm to encrypt the data. The optimization is performed using the galactic bee colony optimization algorithm to enhance the procedure of encryption. The performance of the suggested methodology is assessed and contrasted with the traditional techniques. It is proved that the combination of FC with blockchain has increased the security of data transmission in healthcare services.

The application of blockchain technology to healthcare offers promise in providing solutions to some key challenges related to data sharing, privacy, security, and access control. However, several barriers prevent the widespread adoption of blockchain and prompted research efforts. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 196 documents indexed in the Scopus database to examine their structure, impact, contributors, and journals. The bibliometric analysis provides information on the publication and citation structure, as well as the most productive authors, universities, countries, journals, and most cited studies. In addition, it identifies the most prevalent keywords and their co-occurrence patterns on blockchain challenges in healthcare. A topic modeling approach, using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), is also employed to reveal the latent topical structure of this literature. As a result of these findings, the research landscape in this area has been quantitatively analyzed, identifying six critical challenges regarding the use of blockchain in healthcare: data privacy/security, integration with smart devices, interoperability, scalability, governance, and cost.

We are witnessing an unprecedented convergence of scientific discoveries, technology innovations, exponential adoption of technology, and remarkable population demographic shifts towards a digitally native society. The Nobel Prizes in medicine, chemistry, and physics awarded this year further validate the profound impact of technology on healthcare and life sciences. For 2025, designated by the United Nations as The Year of Quantum Technology, we envision further technology-driven innovations in all domains, triggering the transition to a novel health ecosystem. The role of artificial technology in modern drug development, the demand for quantum-proof encryption, and the opportunities of blockchain in health data monetization are all trends that can be disruptive for pharma, healthcare, and healthcare finance.

The rapid evolution of blockchain technology in healthcare presents unparalleled opportunities for advancements, including enhanced patient data security, decentralized systems for trustless operations, and transparent supply chain management. However, as blockchain reshapes the healthcare landscape, it demands a robust ethical framework that guides its design and implementation. "Ethics of Blockchain by Design" emphasizes embedding ethical principles at the heart of blockchain innovation, fostering public trust, equity, and long-term societal benefits. In this article, the author proposes a set of best practices guidelines on the ethics of blockchain by design.

This systematic review examines critical usability factors that influence the adoption of mobile health (applications among older adults) and identifies gaps in current usability models, including ISO 9241-11, Nielsen's heuristics, and Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Arundinoideae, Danthonioideae. This review also explores the potential role of blockchain technology in enhancing multimodal medical data systems within mHealth applications. A comprehensive search across six databases yielded 1,073 studies, with 60 meeting the inclusion criteria. Studies were analyzed through thematic synthesis to identify key success factors (RQ1) and comparative analysis to assess limitations in existing frameworks (RQ2). Key factors promoting mHealth adoption included ease of use, efficiency, error prevention, learnability, memorability, and user satisfaction. Blockchain integration emerged as a promising approach to improve data security, interoperability, and user trust, particularly for older adults who engage with complex, multimodal health data. Findings from RQ2 highlighted gaps in usability models, such as the lack of age-specific guidance for multimodal interaction, error recovery, and data privacy. These results underscore the need to define a new usability framework and incorporate blockchain to meet the unique needs of older adults in mHealth applications, supporting both secure and accessible healthcare management.

WEB3 technologies on network architectures, distributed ledgers and decentralised artificial intelligence represent a transformative shift in how data are handled, stored and shared. These innovations promise to significantly enhance consumer data privacy rights by addressing fundamental vulnerabilities associated with traditional centralised systems and self-custody wallets. Data breaches in traditional systems operated mainly by third parties are more common, resulting in significant data leaks because of centralised storage and excessive data movement, sometimes unnecessarily. Healthcare data breaches have been a growing concern globally. Several hospitals faced operational halts on account of the impact of ransomware on patient care and privacy. WEB3 Wallets are a vital component emerging as a significant force for global financial inclusion, especially in developing economies. They promote inclusion, reduce costs and empower individuals through self-custody. Though major improvements are needed in these wallets, their use is rising steadily. The global cryptocurrency user base is expected to reach over 500 million by 2025, with substantial growth in emerging markets, according to a report by Statista in 2023. This paper introduces a concept beyond cryptocurrencies and finance into everyday real-world use cases that need combinatorial access to a person's holistic data, including financial and health records, genomic data, advanced directives, among others, that need to be privacy protected and shared with specific actors identified for their roles in the WEB3 ecosystem through decentralised identifiers and non-fungible token badges identifying particular recipients. The author introduced the concept at ETHBoston in April 2024, won accolades for a primitive implementation using underlying threshold cryptography technologies, and enhanced it into a conceptual holistic data share application for global healthcare as presented in this paper.