Actas espanolas de psiquiatria最新文献

No abstract present.

Background: Many patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which seriously affects the treatment, recovery, and prognosis of patients.

Objective: To observe the effect of empowerment psychological intervention on the status of PTSD in ICU patients.

Methods: A total of 86 patients with PTSD who were treated in ICU from July 2019 to December 2021 were divided into two groups according to the intervention method. The control group (n = 43) used routine psychological intervention, while the intervention group (n = 43) used empowerment psychological intervention led by specialist nurses. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality of the patients. The Resilience Questionnaire (CD-RISC) was used to evaluate the resilience of the patients, and the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale (PTSD-SS) was used to assess the severity of the symptoms. The Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Inventory (HAMA and HAMD) was adapted to assess the degree of anxiety and depression, and the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) was adapted to evaluate the post-traumatic growth of the patients.

Results: After the intervention, the total CD-RISC score and its tenacity, self-improvement, and optimism scores in the two groups were all higher than before, and the total PSQI score and its sleep quality, time, efficiency and impairment, as well as hypnotic drugs, daytime dysfunction and time to sleep were lower than before, and the CD-RISC score in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group, PSQI score was lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). After the intervention, PTSD-SS scores and anxiety-depression scores were lower, and PTGI scores were higher in both groups than before (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The empowerment psychological intervention led by specialist nurses applied to ICU patients with PTSD can improve their psychological resilience and sleep quality, reduce negative emotions, alleviate clinical symptoms, and promote post-traumatic growth.

Background: The chronic course and recurring acute episodes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can significantly affect the psychological and mental health of patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search on electronic databases from the inception of the database to April 2023. The inclusion criteria included cross-sectional or case-control studies on depression prevalence with a sample size of at least 50 participants. The data was extracted from the included studies and analyzed to calculate the pooled depression prevalence, along with a 95% confidence interval (CI), using Review Manager 5.3 software (Version 5.3. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014).

Results: Thirteen studies (n = 29,113) were included, with females accounting for over 50% of all participants. Based on the data pooled from all 13 studies, the observed depression prevalence in Chinese individuals with RA was 37% (95% CI: 28-46%; I2 = 95%; p < 0.0001). A subsequent subgroup analysis was conducted on scale types, age, and gender. Regarding scale types, the depression prevalence was assessed using various scales included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Depression Scale (HADS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (fourth edition DSM.IV) diagnostic criteria, and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were 50%, 35%, 58%, 39%, and 41%, respectively. Based on mean age, five studies researched RA individuals <50 years old, establishing a depression prevalence of 48% (95% CI: 32-65%). In contrast, eight studies researched RA individuals ≥50 years old, establishing a depression prevalence of 41% (95% CI: 32-51%). Gender-based analysis indicated a depression prevalence in female RA individuals of 45% (95% CI: 37-55%) and 39% (95% CI: 29-48%) among male RA patients. Depression prevalence established significant correlations with specific scales, including the HAMD scale (odds ratio (OR) 4.93, 95% CI: 1.79-10.2), CES-D scale (OR 2.83, 95% CI: 1.71-4.65), DSM.IV criteria (OR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.38-1.51), and SDS (OR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.32-2.16). Additionally, depression prevalence was associated with age categories (age ≥50: OR 1.25, 95% CI: 0.59-2.70; age <50: OR 1.99, 95% CI: 0.93-3.81), as well as gender (female: OR 1.63, 95% CI: 0.64-4.57; male: OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.38-3.03), although some associations did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion: The depression prevalence was high in Chinese individuals with RA, especially in females and patients under 50 years old. These findings suggest the need for improving detection and management of depression in RA patients.

Several studies have shown an increased prevalence of anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation in the general population in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Adherence to antidepressants is essential for good outcomes when treating depressive disorders.

RESUMEN Objective. The misuse of prescription psychotropic drugs is a major health problem.

Quetiapine overdose is commonly associated with coma, respiratory depression, hypotension, tachycardia, and QTc interval prolongation on the electrocardiogram.

The objective of this work is the creation of specific indices of the different executive functions (EF).

Impairment in attention, memory, processing speed and executive functions have been described in patients with schizophrenia. Such impairments can be observed in early stages of the disease and in chronic patients; discrepancy in findings regarding the cognitive deficits at different stages of the illness keeps the debate about schizophrenia as a neurodegenerative condition which courses with continuous deterioration, or if deficits remain stable, as the neurodevelopmental hypothesis suggests.

The pandemic generated by COVID-19 forced the governments of all countries to enter into quarantine, modifying the daily coexistence among family members.