Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal最新文献_第6页

The Association of the Medical Research Council Scale and Quantitative Computerized Dynamometry in Patients After Critical Illness: An Exploratory Study 医学研究委员会量表与危重症患者计算机定量测功的相关性：一项探索性研究

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000207

A. Michalski, Leanna Souza-Barros, Priscila Robles, Ji Cameron, M. Herridge, S. Mathur

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between isometric peak torque obtained using the Biodex dynamometer (gold standard) to the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale for knee extension (KE), ankle dorsiflexion (DF), and shoulder flexion (SF) in patients after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. Methods: A cross-sectional observational substudy was conducted. Adults with at least 7 days of mechanical ventilation were recruited from a parent study of outcomes after critical illness. Muscle strength of KE, DF, and SF was measured using the MRC scale (grades 0–5) and the Biodex dynamometer (peak torque, % predicted) at 3 months post-ICU discharge. Results: Twenty participants were included in the study. The median and interquartile ranges for MRC scores for KE, DF, and SF were 4.5 (IQR = 1), 4.5 (IQR = 1), 4.0 (IQR = 1), respectively. No significant correlations were found between isometric peak torque and MRC scores for any muscle group at 3 months post-ICU discharge. Conclusion: Medical Research Council scale may be limited in the ability to detect muscle weakness post-ICU discharge. Quantitative dynamometry is recommended in the post-ICU period to identify individuals with muscle weakness who may benefit from physical rehabilitation.

目的：本研究的目的是确定重症监护室（ICU）出院后患者使用Biodex测功机（金标准）和医学研究委员会（MRC）量表获得的膝关节伸展（KE）、踝关节背屈（DF）和肩关节屈曲（SF）等轴测峰值扭矩之间的关系。方法：采用横断面观察性亚研究。从一项关于危重症后结果的家长研究中招募了至少有7天机械通气的成年人。在ICU出院后3个月，使用MRC量表（0-5级）和Biodex测功机（峰值扭矩，预测%）测量KE、DF和SF的肌肉力量。结果：20名参与者被纳入研究。KE、DF和SF的MRC评分的中位数和四分位间距分别为4.5（IQR=1）、4.5（IQR=1）和4.0（IQR=1）。ICU出院后3个月，任何肌肉组的等长峰值扭矩和MRC评分之间均未发现显著相关性。结论：医学研究委员会量表在ICU出院后检测肌肉无力的能力可能有限。建议在重症监护室后进行定量测功，以确定可能受益于身体康复的肌肉无力患者。

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引用次数: 1

Self-reported Vital Sign Assessment Practices of Neurologic Physical Therapists 神经物理治疗师自我报告生命体征评估实践

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000206

J. O'Brien, H. Wallmann, Jaclynne Karaffa, Marissa Kleilein, Katherine R. Prewitt, H. Schreiber, Hannah Zimmerman

Purpose: This study's purpose was to describe the vital sign assessment (VSA) practices of physical therapists (PTs) during evaluation and treatment of patients with neurologic conditions. Methods: A survey was distributed to clinicians from a clinical site database and the Academy of Neurologic Physical Therapy's list serve. Respondents included US licensed PTs who treat patients with neurologic conditions. Results: Usable surveys included 133 US PTs with 69.2% doctorally prepared and 79.7% American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) members. Although 58.6% of survey respondents indicated that VSA is an essential part of the PT evaluation, at evaluation, only 37.6% and 39.1% of respondents always take heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP), and only 8.3% of respondents always take respiratory rate (RR). During treatment, only 14.3% of respondents report taking HR or BP at each session, while only 5.3% always take RR. Board certification was correlated with an increased frequency of HR assessment (P = .0027) and BP (P = 0.038) at evaluation, while importance of VSA strongly correlated with increased assessment of HR (P = 0.000), BP (P = 0.000), and RR (P = 0.003) at evaluation and with HR (P = 0.000) and BP (0.000) during treatment. Conclusions: Although VSA by neurologic PTs is higher than other identified PT groups, it is still below-recommended assessment guidelines.

目的：本研究旨在描述物理治疗师（PT）在评估和治疗神经系统疾病患者期间的生命体征评估（VSA）实践。方法：从临床站点数据库和神经物理治疗学会的列表服务中向临床医生分发一份调查。受访者包括治疗神经系统疾病患者的美国许可PT。结果：可用的调查包括133名美国PT，其中69.2%是医生准备的，79.7%是美国物理治疗协会（APTA）成员。尽管58.6%的受访者表示VSA是PT评估的重要组成部分，但在评估时，只有37.6%和39.1%的受访者总是测量心率（HR）和血压（BP），只有8.3%的受访者总是测呼吸频率（RR）。在治疗期间，只有14.3%的受访者报告每次服用HR或BP，而只有5.3%的人总是服用RR。董事会认证与评估时HR评估（P=0.0027）和BP（P=0.038）频率的增加相关，而VSA的重要性与评估时的HR（P=0.000）、BP（P=0.0000）和RR（P=0.003）评估增加以及治疗期间的HR（P=0.000）和血压（0.000）强相关。结论：尽管神经PT的VSA高于其他已确定的PT组，但仍低于推荐的评估指南。

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引用次数: 1

The Effect of Music Listening During Pulmonary or Cardiac Rehabilitation on Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 肺或心脏康复期间听音乐对临床结果的影响:系统回顾和荟萃分析

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000204

Hannah E. Frank, P. Munro, I. Clark, A. Lee

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Purpose: To determine the effects of music listening during pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) or cardiac rehabilitation (CR) or their corresponding maintenance programs on clinical outcomes in people with respiratory or cardiac conditions. Methods: Studies were identified from 4 electronic databases. Two reviewers independently reviewed randomized controlled or crossover studies examining the effects of music listening compared with no music listening in individuals undertaking PR or CR or corresponding maintenance programs. Methodologic quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Results: Nine studies were included. Music listening during PR improved the incremental shuttle walk distance (mean difference [MD] of 73 m [95% CI 25.9–119.8]) compared with no music listening. This impact was absent in a CR maintenance program. When applied during PR programs, music listening had no effect on quality of life (standardized MD −4.6 points [95% CI −11.8 to 2.6]). Music listening had inconsistent effects on dyspnea and fatigue during PR and PR maintenance programs, but no impact on physical activity levels following CR or CR maintenance programs. Conclusions: Music listening during PR improved exercise capacity, but had no effect on quality of life. When applied during CR or CR maintenance, the impact on physical activity was negligible.

补充数字内容可在文本中获得。目的:探讨肺康复(PR)或心脏康复(CR)期间听音乐或相应的维持方案对呼吸或心脏疾病患者临床结局的影响。方法:从4个电子数据库中筛选研究。两名评论者独立地回顾了随机对照或交叉研究，研究了在接受PR或CR或相应的维持计划的个体中，听音乐与不听音乐的影响。采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估方法学质量。结果:纳入9项研究。与不听音乐相比，PR期间听音乐增加了穿梭步行距离(平均差[MD]为73 m [95% CI 25.9-119.8])。这种影响在CR维护计划中是不存在的。在PR项目中，听音乐对生活质量没有影响(标准化MD - 4.6分[95% CI - 11.8至2.6])。在PR和PR维持项目中，听音乐对呼吸困难和疲劳的影响不一致，但对CR或CR维持项目后的身体活动水平没有影响。结论:PR期间听音乐可提高运动能力，但对生活质量无影响。当在CR或CR维持期间应用时，对身体活动的影响可以忽略不计。

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引用次数: 1

Effect of Test Interface on Respiratory Muscle Activity and Pulmonary Function During Respiratory Testing in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. 试验界面对健康成人呼吸试验中呼吸肌活动和肺功能的影响:一项初步研究。

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000183

Elaheh Sajjadi, Patrick C Mabe, Yasin B Seven, Barbara K Smith

Purpose: The mouthpiece is the standard interface for spirometry tests. Although the use of a mouthpiece can be challenging for patients with orofacial weakness, maintaining a proper seal with a facemask can be an issue for healthy individuals during forceful efforts. We compared respiratory muscle activity and tests using a mouthpiece and facemask in healthy adults to investigate whether they can be used interchangeably.

Methods: In this observational study, subjects (n=12) completed forced vital capacity, maximal respiratory pressure, and peak cough flow with a mouthpiece and facemask. Root mean square values of the genioglossus, diaphragm, scalene, and sternocleidomastoid were compared between conditions.

Results: When switching from a mouthpiece to a facemask, significantly higher values were seen for peak cough flow (average bias= -54.36 L/min, p<0.05) and the difference seen with MEP and MIP were clinically significant (average bias: MEP=27.33, MIP=-5.2). Additionally, submental activity was significantly greater when MIP was conducted with a mouthpiece. No significant differences were seen in respiratory muscle activity during resting breathing or spirometry.

Conclusion: There are clinically significant differences with cough and MEP tests and neck muscles are activated differently based on interface. Considering the small sample size, our findings suggest a facemask may be used to complete some PFTs.

用途:该吸口是肺活量测定的标准接口。尽管对于口腔面部虚弱的患者来说，使用牙套可能是一项挑战，但对于健康的人来说，在用力的过程中，使用口罩保持适当的密封可能是一个问题。我们比较了健康成人的呼吸肌活动和使用口套和口罩的测试，以调查它们是否可以互换使用。方法:在本观察性研究中，受试者(n=12)在戴口罩和面罩的情况下完成了用力肺活量、最大呼吸压力和咳嗽峰值。比较两种情况下颏舌肌、膈肌、斜角肌和胸锁乳突肌的均方根值。结果:当从口套切换到口罩时，咳嗽流量峰值明显升高(平均偏差= -54.36 L/min)。结论:咳嗽和MEP试验在临床上存在显著差异，颈部肌肉的激活方式因界面不同而不同。考虑到样本量小，我们的研究结果表明，可以使用口罩来完成一些pft。

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引用次数: 1

Current Research, Exciting Future 当前研究，令人兴奋的未来

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000205

A. Gurovich

引用次数: 0

Impact of Blood Pressure Cuff Overinflation on Blood Pressure Measurements in Adults 血压袖带过度充气对成人血压测量的影响

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000200

Amy Toonstra, K. Lefebvre, Jessica Denn, Matthew Goecke, Lucas Grossoehme, E. Jarocki, Charlie Leslie, Rachel Peckumn, Peter J. Rundquist, Spencer Warfield

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine effects of cuff overinflation on blood pressure (BP) measurements compared with the standardized 20 mm Hg above the loss of Korotkoff sounds when taking manual BP in adults. Methods: One hundred twelve participants were recruited. American Heart Association standard procedure guidelines were referenced. Baseline BP was measured using standard cuff inflation of 20 mm Hg above loss of systolic Korotkoff sounds, followed by BP measurements with cuff inflations of 40, 60, and 80 mm Hg above the loss of Korotkoff sounds. Results: Friedman's analysis of variance found statistically significant differences in systolic measurements between standard and all 3 over-inflation methods (P = .015). Post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests demonstrated significant difference in systolic measurements between standard cuff inflation and 60 and 80 mm Hg above the loss of Korotkoff sounds (P = .005, .003). Conclusions: This study reveals blood pressure cuff inflation 60 mm Hg past the loss of Korotkoff sounds creates statistically significant differences in systolic BP measurements as compared with recommended procedures. Higher cuff inflation levels may significantly change BP measurements and decrease accuracy of clinical decision-making and medical management.

目的:本研究的目的是确定袖带过度膨胀对血压(BP)测量的影响，并将其与成人手动测量血压时Korotkoff音丧失后标准化20毫米汞柱的血压(BP)测量值进行比较。方法:招募了112名受试者。参考了美国心脏协会的标准程序指南。基线血压测量采用标准袖带膨胀20毫米汞柱高于收缩期Korotkoff音丧失，随后测量血压，袖带膨胀40、60和80毫米汞柱高于Korotkoff音丧失。结果:Friedman的方差分析发现，标准方法和所有3种过度膨胀方法在收缩期测量上存在统计学上的显著差异(P = 0.015)。事后Wilcoxon sign -rank检验显示，标准袖带膨胀与Korotkoff音丧失后60和80 mm Hg之间的收缩期测量存在显著差异(P = 0.005, 0.003)。结论:本研究表明，与推荐的方法相比，丧失Korotkoff音后的袖带血压升高60毫米汞柱在收缩压测量中产生统计学上的显著差异。较高的袖带膨胀水平可能显著改变血压测量，降低临床决策和医疗管理的准确性。

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引用次数: 1

Move in the Tube Sternal Precautions: A Retrospective Analysis of a Single Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility 移动管胸骨预防措施:对单个住院康复机构的回顾性分析

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000194

H. McKenna, Jennifer Jones, Erin Y. Harmon

Purpose: To assess the admitting characteristics, adverse events, and rehabilitation outcomes of patients adhering to move in the tube (MIT) or standard sternal precautions in an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of 273 patients admitted to a single IRF. Patients followed the sternal precautions recommended by their admitting acute care hospitals. One hundred ninety patients' assigned standard and 83 patients' assigned MIT sternal precautions were evaluated. Admitting characteristics, including comorbidities and functional status, were compared between cohorts. Hospital readmissions, sternal disruptions, length of stay, functional independence at discharge, and discharge destination were also assessed. Results: Patients adhering to MIT precautions had higher levels of functional independence at admission despite a higher frequency of combined coronary artery bypass grafts/valve surgeries, comorbidities, and prior functional limitations. There was no difference in sternal wound disruptions, return to hospital rates, length of IRF stay, or functional independence levels at discharge between cohorts. Conclusions: Patients on MIT precautions were admitted to an IRF with more medical complications but higher functional independence. Both groups had minimal sternal complications, providing evidence that modified sternal precautions are safe and can benefit patients in an IRF setting.

目的：评估住院康复机构（IRF）中坚持管内移动（MIT）或标准胸骨预防措施的患者的入院特征、不良事件和康复结果。方法：本研究对273例接受单一IRF的患者进行回顾性分析。患者遵循入院急诊医院推荐的胸骨预防措施。对190名患者的指定标准和83名患者的MIT胸骨预防措施进行了评估。对两组患者的入院特征，包括合并症和功能状态进行了比较。还评估了再次入院、胸骨损伤、住院时间、出院时的功能独立性和出院目的地。结果：尽管联合冠状动脉搭桥术/瓣膜手术的频率较高、合并症和既往功能受限，但坚持MIT预防措施的患者在入院时具有较高水平的功能独立性。两组患者在胸骨损伤、出院率、IRF住院时间或出院时的功能独立性水平方面没有差异。结论：采用MIT预防措施的患者入住IRF时并发症较多，但功能独立性较高。两组的胸骨并发症都很小，这证明改良的胸骨预防措施是安全的，并且可以使IRF环境中的患者受益。

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引用次数: 3

TUG-10: A Modification of the Timed Up and Go Test for Aerobic Assessment in Older Adults TUG-10：一种用于老年人有氧评估的定时上下测试的改进

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000202

Colleen G. Hergott, Lori A. Bolgla, J. Waller, Aaron Dowling, Kennedy Ezzell, Corley Graves, William Peed

Purpose: Cardiorespiratory fitness tests are important for older adults to determine baseline cardiovascular fitness and appropriate aerobic exercise intensity. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) is a test that can be modified to challenge the aerobic system by performing 10 continuous repetitions (TUG-10). The TUG-10 advantages include less space and time requirements and incorporation of functional tasks with balance challenges. The purpose of this study was to relate the performance and physiologic responses of the TUG-10 to other common aerobic capacity tests. Methods: Fourteen independent community-dwelling adults performed the 6-minute-walk test (6MWT), 2-minute-step test (2MST), and TUG-10. Heart rate (HR), diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded before and after each test. Bland–Altman plots were used to determine the agreement between test performances. Repeated measures mixed models compared differences in the physiologic changes between the tests. Results: Participants had a clinically greater increase in the adjusted mean change in HR during the 2MST (22.5 bpm) than the 6MWT (17.0 bpm) and TUG-10 (12.3 bpm). Diastolic blood pressure response was similar across all 3 tests with no significant change. Systolic blood pressure increased less during the 6MWT (15.4 mm Hg) compared with the 2MST (33.3 mm Hg) and TUG-10 (28.7 mm Hg). Participants reported a higher RPE during the 2MST (7.9) than the 6MWT (6.1) and TUG-10 (5.2). The Bland–Altman plots indicated that participants' performance on the 3 tests was comparable. Conclusions: The TUG-10, 6MWT, and 2MST demonstrated comparable performances and clinically similar physiologic changes. Heart rate and RPE changes were greater during the 2MST than the other tests, suggesting that the 2MST was more demanding. Findings support the TUG-10 as a potential functional outcome measure to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. Moreover, the TUG-10 required minimal space and time and may facilitate the gap in aerobic testing in physical therapy practice.

目的：心肺功能测试对老年人确定基线心血管功能和适当的有氧运动强度很重要。Timed Up and Go（TUG）是一种可以通过进行10次连续重复来挑战有氧系统的测试（TUG-10）。TUG-10的优势包括更少的空间和时间要求，以及结合了具有平衡挑战的功能任务。本研究的目的是将TUG-10的性能和生理反应与其他常见的有氧能力测试联系起来。方法：14名独立居住在社区的成年人进行6分钟步行测试（6MWT）、2分钟步进测试（2MST）和TUG-10。在每次测试前后记录心率（HR）、舒张压和收缩压以及感知用力率（RPE）。Bland–Altman图用于确定测试性能之间的一致性。重复测量混合模型比较了测试之间生理变化的差异。结果：与6MWT（17.0bpm）和TUG-10（12.3 bpm）相比，参与者在2MST（22.5bpm）期间的HR调整平均变化在临床上增加更大。在所有3项测试中，舒张压反应相似，没有显著变化。与2MST（33.3 mm Hg）和TUG-10（28.7 mm Hg）相比，6MWT（15.4 mm Hg。参与者在2MST（7.9）期间报告的RPE高于6MWT（6.1）和TUG-10（5.2）。Bland–Altman图表明，参与者在3项测试中的表现具有可比性。结论：TUG-10、6MWT和2MST表现出相似的性能和临床相似的生理变化。2MST期间的心率和RPE变化比其他测试更大，这表明2MST的要求更高。研究结果支持TUG-10作为一种潜在的功能结果指标来评估心肺功能。此外，TUG-10需要最少的空间和时间，可能有助于物理治疗实践中有氧测试的差距。

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引用次数: 1

Functional Status and Discharge Location of Patients Post–Left Ventricular Assist Devices Surgery in the Acute Care Setting 急性护理环境下左心室辅助装置术后患者的功能状态和出院位置

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000193

A. Fick, H. Tymkew, Morgan Deters, Kelsey Martin, Jordan Ratermann, Abigail Reilly, Brad Lohbeck, Yuan-ling Liu

Purpose: Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are an alternative treatment for patients with heart failure. The purposes of this study were to describe patients immediately post-LVAD surgery, determine differences between functional outcome measures and discharge location, and the potential for initial Functional Status Score of the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) to assist in discharge recommendations. Methods: A retrospective study (n = 100) was conducted with the following data obtained: general demographics, FSS-ICU, ICU Mobility Scale (IMS), maximal ambulation distance, and discharge location. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on discharge location (home vs facility). Results: The mean age was 52.8 years, with 64% male. A significant improvement in all functional outcomes was observed from evaluation to discharge. Patients discharged home (76%) exhibited significantly higher FSS-ICU and IMS scores and tolerated out-of-bed activity and ambulation earlier. A score of 14 or higher on the initial FSS-ICU was predictive for discharge to home recommendation. Conclusion: Patients post-LVAD implantation exhibited low levels of functional mobility initially, yet were able to tolerate early activity. Patients discharged home had higher functional scores during the initial evaluation. Using the results of the FSS-ICU may assist in discharge recommendations; further research is needed.

目的:左心室辅助装置(LVAD)是心力衰竭患者的一种替代治疗方法。本研究的目的是描述lvad手术后的患者，确定功能结果测量和出院地点之间的差异，以及重症监护病房(FSS-ICU)初始功能状态评分的潜力，以协助出院建议。方法:对100例患者进行回顾性研究，资料包括:一般人口学、FSS-ICU、ICU活动能力量表(IMS)、最大行走距离、出院地点。患者根据出院地点(家庭与机构)分为两组。结果:平均年龄52.8岁，男性占64%。从评估到出院，所有功能结果均有显著改善。出院回家的患者(76%)表现出更高的FSS-ICU和IMS评分，并且能够更早地进行床下活动和走动。初始FSS-ICU评分为14分或更高，可预测出院至家庭推荐。结论:lvad植入后患者最初表现出低水平的功能活动能力，但能够耐受早期活动。出院回家的患者在最初的评估中有较高的功能评分。使用FSS-ICU的结果可能有助于出院建议;需要进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 1

Defining the Role of the Physical Therapist in Addressing Vaping and Smoking Cessation 确定物理治疗师在解决Vaping和戒烟问题中的作用

Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal

Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.1097/CPT.0000000000000199

K. Dias, G. Ferreira, Keith J. Martin, R. Pignataro

The use of electronic or e-cigarettes, commonly referred to as vaping, has markedly increased in recent years. Vaping devices were initially introduced to promote smoking cessation in the chronic adult smoker as a less harmful substitute for combustible cigarettes. However, they have significantly expanded in popularity with youth, creating a global health crisis. Broadly, 2 populations of individuals are noted to vape: the chronic smoker attempting to quit and young teenagers who are lured into using these devices. Recent evidence indicates an outbreak of vaping-associated lung injury and other physiological disturbances that may be particularly harmful to patients and clients. Many physical therapists are currently unaware of the physiological effects of e-cigarettes and lack the knowledge and confidence needed to provide cessation recommendations at the individual and community levels. This lack of awareness also hampers the assessment of physiological responses, appropriate modifications to the plan of care, and referral for interprofessional consultation when indicated. The purpose of this perspective article is to provide recent updates to educate physical therapists and physical therapist assistants about e-cigarettes and relevant implications for patient care. The article reports the growing prevalence of e-cigarette use as a public health crisis, the pathophysiological impact of vaping on various body systems, and the unique role physical therapists and physical therapist assistants can play in successfully engaging in e-cigarette cessation interventions. The authors suggest a targeted 5-step Verify, Assess, Plan, Educate, and Refer approach that can be utilized by physical therapists in addressing vaping and smoking cessation. Finally, the article discusses opportunities for incorporating these strategies into physical therapist education and offers avenues for future research and practice.

电子烟或电子烟的使用，通常被称为电子烟，近年来显著增加。最初引入Vaping设备是为了促进慢性成年吸烟者戒烟，作为可燃香烟的一种危害较小的替代品。然而，它们在年轻人中的受欢迎程度显著提高，造成了全球健康危机。一般来说，有两类人会吸电子烟：试图戒烟的慢性吸烟者和被引诱使用这些设备的青少年。最近的证据表明，与电子烟相关的肺损伤和其他生理障碍的爆发可能对患者和客户特别有害。许多物理治疗师目前不知道电子烟的生理影响，也缺乏在个人和社区层面提供戒烟建议所需的知识和信心。这种意识的缺乏也阻碍了对生理反应的评估、对护理计划的适当修改，以及在需要时转诊进行跨专业咨询。这篇观点文章的目的是提供最新的更新，以教育物理治疗师和物理治疗师助理有关电子烟及其对患者护理的相关影响。这篇文章报道了电子烟使用作为一种公共卫生危机的日益普遍，电子烟对各种身体系统的病理生理影响，以及物理治疗师和物理治疗师助理在成功参与电子烟戒烟干预中可以发挥的独特作用。作者提出了一种有针对性的5步验证、评估、计划、教育和推荐方法，物理治疗师可以利用该方法来解决电子烟和戒烟问题。最后，文章讨论了将这些策略纳入物理治疗师教育的机会，并为未来的研究和实践提供了途径。

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引用次数: 1