The potentiality of Escherichia coli dead biomass for biosorption of rare earth elements (REEs) and uranium (VI) from chloride leach liquor of laterite ore was evaluated. The effects of different acid, different concentration of hydrochloric acid, contact time, solid/liquid phase ratio and temperature on leaching efficiency of laterite ore were investigated.
{"title":"Study on Leaching and Biosorption Processes of some Economic Metals using Escherichia coli from Laterite Ore, Sinia, Egypt","authors":"Hussien Ss","doi":"10.36959/742/215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/215","url":null,"abstract":"The potentiality of Escherichia coli dead biomass for biosorption of rare earth elements (REEs) and uranium (VI) from chloride leach liquor of laterite ore was evaluated. The effects of different acid, different concentration of hydrochloric acid, contact time, solid/liquid phase ratio and temperature on leaching efficiency of laterite ore were investigated.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82152778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Supernova and Nova Impact Theory, SNIT, has purposed that pandemic diseases occur on Earth due to exploding star debris streams impacting our planet. A number of cases involving this phenomenon have been mentioned in papers by the author on internet. New information concerning the SNIT has become available as new papers were published. The new information is used in these results involving average velocity of debris streams between exploding star remnants and Earth. The locations of sea ice melts at both poles versus month and nova or supernova maximum hotspots have been analyzed for nova WZ Sagittae. Proof of changing WZ Sagittae average Alaskan temperatures verify SNIT model.
{"title":"Earth Diseases, Exploding Stars & Sea Ice Footprints - Part One","authors":"S. William","doi":"10.36959/742/213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/213","url":null,"abstract":"The Supernova and Nova Impact Theory, SNIT, has purposed that pandemic diseases occur on Earth due to exploding star debris streams impacting our planet. A number of cases involving this phenomenon have been mentioned in papers by the author on internet. New information concerning the SNIT has become available as new papers were published. The new information is used in these results involving average velocity of debris streams between exploding star remnants and Earth. The locations of sea ice melts at both poles versus month and nova or supernova maximum hotspots have been analyzed for nova WZ Sagittae. Proof of changing WZ Sagittae average Alaskan temperatures verify SNIT model.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79878272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is an increasing recognition of the role businesses can play in contributing to the transition to a more sustainable future and a growing number of large companies have developed corporate sustainability strategies and policies designed to manage their environmental, social and economic impacts. That said, primary research into how companies are addressing and contributing to sustainable development faces a number of a number of challenges but it is important that examinations of these contributions are included in environmental studies curricula. To that end, this review illustrates how five of the leading US retailers report on their sustainability strategies and achievements and offers some critical reflections on retailers’ contributions to sustainable development. The paper reveals that all five selected retailers publicly reported on their contribution to sustainable development. However, the authors argue that the retailers’ commitments to sustainable development are primarily driven by business imperatives and efficiency gains and that they are couched within existing business models centred on continuing growth.
{"title":"Business Contributions to Sustainable Development: A Study of Leading US Retailers","authors":"P. Jones, D. Comfort","doi":"10.36959/742/212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/212","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing recognition of the role businesses can play in contributing to the transition to a more sustainable \u0000future and a growing number of large companies have developed corporate sustainability strategies and policies \u0000designed to manage their environmental, social and economic impacts. That said, primary research into how companies \u0000are addressing and contributing to sustainable development faces a number of a number of challenges but it is important \u0000that examinations of these contributions are included in environmental studies curricula. To that end, this review \u0000illustrates how five of the leading US retailers report on their sustainability strategies and achievements and offers some \u0000critical reflections on retailers’ contributions to sustainable development. The paper reveals that all five selected retailers \u0000publicly reported on their contribution to sustainable development. However, the authors argue that the retailers’ \u0000commitments to sustainable development are primarily driven by business imperatives and efficiency gains and that \u0000they are couched within existing business models centred on continuing growth.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87897755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the paper is to model forest cover change (FCC) from perceived land use and land cover changes in the Bosomtwe district of the Ashanti region, Ghana. Questionnaire and interviews were administered and conducted among 270 proportionately sampled respondents respectively, from 14 communities, on the basis of their respective populations. The quantitative data was analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistical tools in SPSS v.16.
{"title":"Analysis of Multiple Factors of Forest Cover Change in a Peri-urban District in Ghana","authors":"Appiah Divine O, Eshun Gabriel, Samar Sparkler B","doi":"10.36959/742/211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/211","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the paper is to model forest cover change (FCC) from perceived land use and land cover changes in the Bosomtwe district of the Ashanti region, Ghana. Questionnaire and interviews were administered and conducted among 270 proportionately sampled respondents respectively, from 14 communities, on the basis of their respective populations. The quantitative data was analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistical tools in SPSS v.16.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84343626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within the UK several areas have the potential to produce shale gas by fracking but the environments of proposed shale gas development within the UK are strongly contested. .On the one hand, there are political and corporate claims that the commercial development of shale gas could play an important role in the UK’s future energy mix, reduce dependency on foreign sources of energy and stimulate investment in new jobs and businesses. On the other hand, many groups have been campaigning to oppose shale gas development, believing it to have potentially damaging environmental and human consequences. With these two sets of contrasting perspectives on shale gas development by fracking in mind, the aims of this paper are twofold. Firstly, to explore how contrasting positions on fracking are reflected in the stories posted on the Internet by Cuadrilla Resources, one of the principal shale gas companies in the UK, and Frack Off, a grass roots direct action campaign which aims to stop the extraction of shale gas resources. Secondly, to offer some reflections on the role of storytelling in current fracking controversies and, in so doing, to explore some of the wider issues in the debates and conflicts about shale gas development by fracking.
{"title":"Contested Fracking Environments: What's the Stories?","authors":"P. Jones, D. Comfort","doi":"10.36959/742/210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/210","url":null,"abstract":"Within the UK several areas have the potential to produce shale gas by fracking but the environments of proposed shale gas development within the UK are strongly contested. .On the one hand, there are political and corporate claims that the commercial development of shale gas could play an important role in the UK’s future energy mix, reduce dependency on foreign sources of energy and stimulate investment in new jobs and businesses. On the other hand, many groups have been campaigning to oppose shale gas development, believing it to have potentially damaging environmental and human consequences. With these two sets of contrasting perspectives on shale gas development by fracking in mind, the aims of this paper are twofold. Firstly, to explore how contrasting positions on fracking are reflected in the stories posted on the Internet by Cuadrilla Resources, one of the principal shale gas companies in the UK, and Frack Off, a grass roots direct action campaign which aims to stop the extraction of shale gas resources. Secondly, to offer some reflections on the role of storytelling in current fracking controversies and, in so doing, to explore some of the wider issues in the debates and conflicts about shale gas development by fracking.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88754187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. PagidipatiNeha, P. Prasad, M. ClancyShayna, Sharma Gatha, Truls Østbye
Introduction: Women in urban India have low levels of physical activity, and the lack of safe spaces to be physically active is likely an important factor. The objectives were to develop a spatial database of areas and facilities in order to assess conduciveness to physical activity in Greater Noida, to assess the safety and usability of roadways and community parks in this area, and to complement these data with the first-hand impressions and viewpoints of women in the city. Methods: For 10 sectors of Greater Noida City, we used a mixed-methods approach to assess areas conducive to physical activity with geographic information systems mapping techniques, and examined the safety and usability of roadways and community parks with modified road walkability and park usability field surveys. Ten focus groups with women in six of the sectors elicited their viewpoints on the availability of safe spaces. Results: Walkability and safety of roads was poor, with the larger primary roads being particularly difficult for pedestrians to cross. In sectors of low socioeconomic status, walkability of roads and availability of community parks were lower than in other sectors. Wide variation of community park usability existed within sectors, with a notable absence of amenities such as bathrooms. Focus group sessions revealed that fear of personal safety and of attack from men prevented women from engaging in physical activity in public spaces. Conclusions: In the rapidly urbanizing Greater Noida, walkable roadways and community parks with basic amenities are lacking, and may contribute to the low level of physical activity in women in urban India. Further, a fear for personal safety hinders women from engaging in physical activity in public spaces. As India continues to urbanize, a greater focus on the improved usability and increased safety of roadways and parks will be necessary to increase population physical activity.
{"title":"Safe Spaces for Women to be Physically Active in Greater Noida City, India","authors":"J. PagidipatiNeha, P. Prasad, M. ClancyShayna, Sharma Gatha, Truls Østbye","doi":"10.36959/742/209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/209","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Women in urban India have low levels of physical activity, and the lack of safe spaces to be physically active is likely an important factor. The objectives were to develop a spatial database of areas and facilities in order to assess conduciveness to physical activity in Greater Noida, to assess the safety and usability of roadways and community parks in this area, and to complement these data with the first-hand impressions and viewpoints of women in the city. Methods: For 10 sectors of Greater Noida City, we used a mixed-methods approach to assess areas conducive to physical activity with geographic information systems mapping techniques, and examined the safety and usability of roadways and community parks with modified road walkability and park usability field surveys. Ten focus groups with women in six of the sectors elicited their viewpoints on the availability of safe spaces. Results: Walkability and safety of roads was poor, with the larger primary roads being particularly difficult for pedestrians to cross. In sectors of low socioeconomic status, walkability of roads and availability of community parks were lower than in other sectors. Wide variation of community park usability existed within sectors, with a notable absence of amenities such as bathrooms. Focus group sessions revealed that fear of personal safety and of attack from men prevented women from engaging in physical activity in public spaces. Conclusions: In the rapidly urbanizing Greater Noida, walkable roadways and community parks with basic amenities are lacking, and may contribute to the low level of physical activity in women in urban India. Further, a fear for personal safety hinders women from engaging in physical activity in public spaces. As India continues to urbanize, a greater focus on the improved usability and increased safety of roadways and parks will be necessary to increase population physical activity.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89859782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alias Nur Fazreen, I. Hanafi, Wahab Mohamad Kahar Ab, R. Santiagoo, A. Hosta, Ting Sam Sung
New biocomposite films from Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Palm kernel shell powder (PKSP) were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of PKSP addition on the film was studied based on the tensile properties, physical properties and biodegradability. From tensile test, it was found that the tensile properties decreased with the increasing PKSP loading in the composition. This is due to the poor interfacial adhesion and agglomeration of PKSP at high filler loading as proven by SEM micrograph. The water absorption and water vapour transmission (WVT) were also increased with PKSP loading. Higher weight loss in biodegradability test, indicating the PVA/PKSP biocomposite films had higher biodegradability compared to neat PVA film.
{"title":"Development of New Material Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol/Palm Kernel Shell Powder Biocomposites","authors":"Alias Nur Fazreen, I. Hanafi, Wahab Mohamad Kahar Ab, R. Santiagoo, A. Hosta, Ting Sam Sung","doi":"10.36959/742/208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/208","url":null,"abstract":"New biocomposite films from Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Palm kernel shell powder (PKSP) were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of PKSP addition on the film was studied based on the tensile properties, physical properties and biodegradability. From tensile test, it was found that the tensile properties decreased with the increasing PKSP loading in the composition. This is due to the poor interfacial adhesion and agglomeration of PKSP at high filler loading as proven by SEM micrograph. The water absorption and water vapour transmission (WVT) were also increased with PKSP loading. Higher weight loss in biodegradability test, indicating the PVA/PKSP biocomposite films had higher biodegradability compared to neat PVA film.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74260030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioleaching methods are environmentally benign and economical options for extraction of rare earth elements (REEs) from low grade REE ores. We conducted shake-flask and column bio-leaching (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) studies with a low grade phosphate ore constituting REEs, fluorapatite, and silicates. In shake-flask studies, the leaching rate relied mostly on the bacterial activity - acid producing ability of the bacteria;
{"title":"Assessment of 'Bacterial (Acidic)-Leaching' of Rare Earth Elements from a Phosphate Ore","authors":"Hussien S, P. P, Somasundaran P, Shall H El","doi":"10.36959/742/207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/207","url":null,"abstract":"Bioleaching methods are environmentally benign and economical options for extraction of rare earth elements (REEs) from low grade REE ores. We conducted shake-flask and column bio-leaching (Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) studies with a low grade phosphate ore constituting REEs, fluorapatite, and silicates. In shake-flask studies, the leaching rate relied mostly on the bacterial activity - acid producing ability of the bacteria;","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91461569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Curieses Silvana Patricia, Sáenz María Elena, Alberdi José Luis, M. Santiago, L LarramendyMarcelo, Marzio Walter Di
The organophosphorus herbicide glyphosate (GLY) and the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyriphos (CPF) are key pesticides in modern management cultures worldwide. Sublethal toxicity of the commercial herbicide formulation Roundup® and the insecticide formulation Terfos® were evaluated on Eisenia fetida coelomocytes exposed under in vivo and ex vivo laboratory conditions. Induction of DNA single-strand breaks evaluated by the single cell gel electrophoresis assay and coelomocyte viability as well as alterations in coelomocyte trophic indexes were employed as endpoints for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, respectively. Specimens were exposed at concentrations corresponding to recommended pesticide field application rate, and endpoints were evaluated after 7 and 14 days of treatment (in vivo exposure). In addition, coelomocytes were exposed to aqueous leachate of pesticide-contaminated soils during 1 h (ex vivo exposure). Earthworms exposed to Roundup® and Terfos® showed an increased frequency of DNA damage. Also, a decrease of coelomocyte viability and decrease of trophic indexes were observed in all treatments. The results demonstrate that either GLYand CPF-based formulations exerted genotoxic as well as cytotoxic effects in coelomocytes of E. fetida exposed in vivo and ex vivo.
{"title":"Genotoxic Evidences of Glyphosate and Chlorpyriphos on Eisenia fetida Coelomocytes","authors":"Curieses Silvana Patricia, Sáenz María Elena, Alberdi José Luis, M. Santiago, L LarramendyMarcelo, Marzio Walter Di","doi":"10.36959/742/206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/206","url":null,"abstract":"The organophosphorus herbicide glyphosate (GLY) and the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyriphos (CPF) are key pesticides in modern management cultures worldwide. Sublethal toxicity of the commercial herbicide formulation Roundup® and the insecticide formulation Terfos® were evaluated on Eisenia fetida coelomocytes exposed under in vivo and ex vivo laboratory conditions. Induction of DNA single-strand breaks evaluated by the single cell gel electrophoresis assay and coelomocyte viability as well as alterations in coelomocyte trophic indexes were employed as endpoints for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, respectively. Specimens were exposed at concentrations corresponding to recommended pesticide field application rate, and endpoints were evaluated after 7 and 14 days of treatment (in vivo exposure). In addition, coelomocytes were exposed to aqueous leachate of pesticide-contaminated soils during 1 h (ex vivo exposure). Earthworms exposed to Roundup® and Terfos® showed an increased frequency of DNA damage. Also, a decrease of coelomocyte viability and decrease of trophic indexes were observed in all treatments. The results demonstrate that either GLYand CPF-based formulations exerted genotoxic as well as cytotoxic effects in coelomocytes of E. fetida exposed in vivo and ex vivo.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90837777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. D. Marzio, Silvana Patricia Curieses, P. Scodeller, J. Alberdi, M. Sáenz
To understand and assess the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the environment, should be well established quantitatively the concentration-response relationships. Also relate the potential effects on selected variables of response with the exposure to sub-lethal levels of NPs. In this work, we describe the ecotoxicological evaluation of negative and positive coated silica NPs (Si-Nps) on coelomic cells from Eisenia fetida.
{"title":"Cyto and Genotoxicity of Positive and Negative Coated Silica Nanoparticles on Celomocytes of Earthworms Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta, Annelida)","authors":"W. D. Marzio, Silvana Patricia Curieses, P. Scodeller, J. Alberdi, M. Sáenz","doi":"10.36959/742/205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/205","url":null,"abstract":"To understand and assess the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the environment, should be well established quantitatively the concentration-response relationships. Also relate the potential effects on selected variables of response with the exposure to sub-lethal levels of NPs. In this work, we describe the ecotoxicological evaluation of negative and positive coated silica NPs (Si-Nps) on coelomic cells from Eisenia fetida.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83510818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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