{"title":"The Challenge of Global CO2 Reduction: The Potential of the Method Based on Seawater Electrolysis","authors":"Tatenuma Katsuyoshi, Spaziani Fabio","doi":"10.36959/742/241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90037219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agricultural Impact of Climate Change and Its Adaptation Strategies by Small-Scale Irrigation in Ethiopia: A Review","authors":"Shitu Kasye","doi":"10.36959/742/246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73430521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyzes the internal and external factors influencing the conservation and management successes of Ethiopia’s Protected Areas (PAs) system by the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA) with special reference to Omo National Park (ONP), Senkelle Swayne’s Hartebeest Sanctuary (SSHS), and Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP) using are fined Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) of Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats (SWOT) analysis. The indicators used within this multi-criteria assessment are those which improve integration among key factors such as governmental, non-governmental and private stakeholders. As a result the top ten factors prioritized are: enhancing direct economic opportunity; strengthening the law enforcement unit; reducing human wildlife conflict; improving tourism infrastructures; integrating cultural and religious amenities and incorporating bylaws; improving participation and awareness of local community; upsizing reserves boundary to protect surrounding areas; establishing buffer zones; creating connectivity with important biodiversity areas; and enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem conservation with sound scientific methods. The mean consistency ratio revealed that governance (1.99) and economic influences (1.27) are the most important components for protected areas followed by the socio-cultural dynamics (0.81) and ecological values (0.33). Improving protected areas governance, sustainable tourism, integration of cultural and religious amenities, and formulation of conservation bylaws are critical to improving the management of Ethiopia’s protected areas.
{"title":"The Application of A Refined SWOT-AHP Based planning and Management Approach for the Conservation of Ethiopia's Protected Area Systems","authors":"Admasu Simeneh, Mekonnen Arega, Kebede Fanuel, T. Mekbeb, Tefera Zelealem, Bayliss Julian","doi":"10.36959/742/240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/240","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the internal and external factors influencing the conservation and management successes of Ethiopia’s Protected Areas (PAs) system by the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA) with special reference to Omo National Park (ONP), Senkelle Swayne’s Hartebeest Sanctuary (SSHS), and Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP) using are fined Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) of Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats (SWOT) analysis. The indicators used within this multi-criteria assessment are those which improve integration among key factors such as governmental, non-governmental and private stakeholders. As a result the top ten factors prioritized are: enhancing direct economic opportunity; strengthening the law enforcement unit; reducing human wildlife conflict; improving tourism infrastructures; integrating cultural and religious amenities and incorporating bylaws; improving participation and awareness of local community; upsizing reserves boundary to protect surrounding areas; establishing buffer zones; creating connectivity with important biodiversity areas; and enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem conservation with sound scientific methods. The mean consistency ratio revealed that governance (1.99) and economic influences (1.27) are the most important components for protected areas followed by the socio-cultural dynamics (0.81) and ecological values (0.33). Improving protected areas governance, sustainable tourism, integration of cultural and religious amenities, and formulation of conservation bylaws are critical to improving the management of Ethiopia’s protected areas.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88470797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is the first study, so far, to monitor the plant species composition and the vegetation cover of different communities occurring in Al Rayn city. This study estimates the vegetation of Al Rayn region of Saudi. A maximum of 19 plant species belonging to 13 different plant families were collected and identified to distribute among four plant communities namely: Rhyzastricta, Pulicariacrispa, Citrulluscolocynthis and Acacia ehrenbergiana.
{"title":"Vegetation Structure and Floristic Features of Al Rayn Region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Nurah M. Alzamel","doi":"10.36959/742/239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/239","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first study, so far, to monitor the plant species composition and the vegetation cover of different communities occurring in Al Rayn city. This study estimates the vegetation of Al Rayn region of Saudi. A maximum of 19 plant species belonging to 13 different plant families were collected and identified to distribute among four plant communities namely: Rhyzastricta, Pulicariacrispa, Citrulluscolocynthis and Acacia ehrenbergiana.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81731007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The oil and gas sector has strategic importance to the economic development of a country that is endowed with the natural resource, given that it accounts for a disproportionately large percentage of a country's foreign exchange earnings and incomes, its physical infrastructure and human capital in the form of highly skilled manpower.
{"title":"A Critical Review of the Guyana EIA Process for the Emerging Oil and Gas Sector","authors":"P. Bynoe","doi":"10.36959/742/238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/238","url":null,"abstract":"The oil and gas sector has strategic importance to the economic development of a country that is endowed with the natural resource, given that it accounts for a disproportionately large percentage of a country's foreign exchange earnings and incomes, its physical infrastructure and human capital in the form of highly skilled manpower.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75641920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sorption behavior of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) with respect to lead, copper and zinc was studied to consider its application to remove metal from water runoff. A series of kinetics of removal and isotherms were undertaken with single metal and mixture solutions. The sorption occurred by ion exchange with calcium. Sorption kinetics were modelled using pseudo-second order model. The weight capacities of CSH were lead > copper >> zinc when studied separately. The co-ion associated to the metal ion is of importance on the removal capacities.
{"title":"Removal of Heavy Metal Cations (Copper, Lead, Zinc) from Water Runoff by Calcium Silicate Hydrate: Effect of the Co-Ion and Competition of Ions in Ternary Mixtures","authors":"M. Brogat, S. Pontvianne, L. Sigot, C. Vallières","doi":"10.36959/742/237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/237","url":null,"abstract":"The sorption behavior of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) with respect to lead, copper and zinc was studied to consider its application to remove metal from water runoff. A series of kinetics of removal and isotherms were undertaken with single metal and mixture solutions. The sorption occurred by ion exchange with calcium. Sorption kinetics were modelled using pseudo-second order model. The weight capacities of CSH were lead > copper >> zinc when studied separately. The co-ion associated to the metal ion is of importance on the removal capacities.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84891677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Popoola Samuel Olatunde, Akintoye Akinnigbagbe Edward
The research and exploration of submarine minerals have increased exponentially due to the requirement for rare and critical metals (cobalt, silver, platinum) as additional supplements to the gradually depleting terrestrial metal source. Manganese nodules, Fe-Mn oxides and polymetallic sulfides represent the most important source of these aforementioned critical metals. This paper highlight the results of the integrated studies on recovered minerals grains (e.g., Fe-Mn nodules, Fe-Mn oxide crusts and polymetallic sulfides) from marine sediments of the Carlsberg Ridge (CR), Northwest Indian Ocean.
{"title":"Integrated Geochemical Investigations on Fe-Mn Nodules, Polymetallic Sulfides and Fe-Mn Oxides Recovered from Marine Sediments of Carlsberg Ridge, Northwest Indian Ocean","authors":"Popoola Samuel Olatunde, Akintoye Akinnigbagbe Edward","doi":"10.36959/742/236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/236","url":null,"abstract":"The research and exploration of submarine minerals have increased exponentially due to the requirement for rare and critical metals (cobalt, silver, platinum) as additional supplements to the gradually depleting terrestrial metal source. Manganese nodules, Fe-Mn oxides and polymetallic sulfides represent the most important source of these aforementioned critical metals. This paper highlight the results of the integrated studies on recovered minerals grains (e.g., Fe-Mn nodules, Fe-Mn oxide crusts and polymetallic sulfides) from marine sediments of the Carlsberg Ridge (CR), Northwest Indian Ocean.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85620241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ever-increasing demand in consumption of fossil fuel strongly contradicted by its depletion in reserves coupled with the Green House Gas effect associated with the combustion of hydrocarbon has opened a channel for the inevitable desire for an environmentally friendly and a renewable source of energy like bio-fuel. Oil extracted from Jatropha curcas, a non edible plant looks good to be one of the solutions of the problems associated with energy consumption in recent time. Dried Jatropha seeds were shelled and oven-dried and weighed for every 30 minutes until a constant weight was obtained indicating that moisture had been taken care of 300 g of milled Jatropha was soaked in 2000 cm 3 of petroleum ether and covered for 48 hours to avoid vaporization. Whatman No 1 filter paper was used in filtering just as filtrate was concentrated at 60 ° C by using water bath. A constant volume of 241 ml was obtained and subsequently characterized. The specific gravity of the oil was calculated to be 0.9, its refractive index stood at 1.47. The specific heat capacity is 2.353 Jkg -1 K -1 while its viscosity was found to be 28.43 cSt at 32 °C. The fossil diesel engine can operate smoothly with some blend of Jatropha oil even up to 50% with diesel.
不断增长的化石燃料消费需求与其储量的枯竭以及与碳氢化合物燃烧相关的温室气体效应形成强烈的矛盾，这为人们对生物燃料等环境友好型可再生能源的不可避免的渴望开辟了一条通道。麻疯树是一种不可食用的植物，从麻疯树中提取油有望成为近年来解决能源消耗问题的方法之一。干燥的麻疯树种子去壳，烤箱干燥，每30分钟称重一次，直到得到恒定的重量，表明水分已经被吸收。300克磨碎的麻疯树浸泡在2000厘米3的石油醚中，盖上48小时以避免蒸发。过滤时使用Whatman 1号滤纸，滤液用水浴法在60℃下浓缩。获得241ml的定容，并随后进行表征。经计算，该油的比重为0.9，折射率为1.47。比热容为2.353 Jkg -1 K -1, 32℃时粘度为28.43 cSt。化石柴油发动机可以平稳运行，一些麻疯树油的混合物，甚至高达50%的柴油。
{"title":"Characterization of Jatropha Oil and its Biodiesel","authors":"PI Aigba, FC Anyadiegwu, J. Ogoke","doi":"10.36959/742/234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/234","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-increasing demand in consumption of fossil fuel strongly contradicted by its depletion in reserves coupled with the Green House Gas effect associated with the combustion of hydrocarbon has opened a channel for the inevitable desire for an environmentally friendly and a renewable source of energy like bio-fuel. Oil extracted from Jatropha curcas, a non edible plant looks good to be one of the solutions of the problems associated with energy consumption in recent time. Dried Jatropha seeds were shelled and oven-dried and weighed for every 30 minutes until a constant weight was obtained indicating that moisture had been taken care of 300 g of milled Jatropha was soaked in 2000 cm 3 of petroleum ether and covered for 48 hours to avoid vaporization. Whatman No 1 filter paper was used in filtering just as filtrate was concentrated at 60 ° C by using water bath. A constant volume of 241 ml was obtained and subsequently characterized. The specific gravity of the oil was calculated to be 0.9, its refractive index stood at 1.47. The specific heat capacity is 2.353 Jkg -1 K -1 while its viscosity was found to be 28.43 cSt at 32 °C. The fossil diesel engine can operate smoothly with some blend of Jatropha oil even up to 50% with diesel.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78300463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash is a byproduct of Reppie Waste to Energy Plant Technology found after generation of power and electricity. The disposal of this ash in the form of particulate matter is already causing serious environmental problems to the city. This research was, therefore, conducted to examine the potential of incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash as a cement substitute material. The incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash of Reppie waste to energy plant after silicate analysis was investigated for the major chemical composition to test the requirement of ASTM C 618 artificial pozzolanic property of class C. This makes it possible to the partial replacement of cement in concrete structure for the construction industry. The samples of this fly ash were arranged in a random and design mix ratio of 1:2:3 with a maximum 0.45 water-cement ratios following EBCS-2, 1995 [1] to survey compressive strength tests, tensile strength, density test, and water absorbency tests. The test result of compressive strength showed that, up to 13.6% substitution of the standard Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash in concrete gratify the targeted compressive strength requirement at 28 days of curing period. While more than 15% of the substitution showed lower compressive strength at 28 days for M-30 grade of concrete but it works for other grades of the simple concrete structure. Therefore, it can be concluded that 13.6% replacement of cement by incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash resulted in nearly 30 MPa compressive strength which satisfies the required concrete grade. The higher replacement could also be used for other grades of concrete required such as M-25, M-20, and M-15 grade of concrete for simple structure in the construction industry by further optimization. Hence, the substitution of incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash from Reppie waste to energy plant for cement in concrete is environmentally promising which further encourages the use of waste as valuable resources thereby solves the problems caused by its direct disposal to the environment.
焚烧后的城市生活垃圾飞灰是垃圾焚烧发电技术发电后发现的副产品。以颗粒物的形式处理这些灰烬已经给城市造成了严重的环境问题。因此，进行这项研究是为了检查焚烧的城市固体废物飞灰作为水泥替代材料的潜力。通过对Reppie垃圾焚烧后的城市生活垃圾飞灰进行硅酸盐分析，对其主要化学成分进行了研究，测试了ASTM C 618中C级人工火山灰性能的要求，为建筑行业在混凝土结构中部分替代水泥提供了可能。按照EBCS-2 1995[1]的规定，将该粉煤灰试样按设计配合比1:2:3随机排列，水灰比最大为0.45进行抗压强度试验、抗拉强度试验、密度试验和吸水试验。抗压强度试验结果表明，焚烧后的城市生活垃圾粉煤灰替代标准普通波特兰水泥(OPC)的比例高达13.6%，达到了养护期28天的目标抗压强度要求。M-30等级混凝土的28天抗压强度低于15%以上的替代量，但对其他等级的简单混凝土结构有效。由此得出，焚烧后的生活垃圾粉煤灰替代水泥13.6%后，混凝土抗压强度接近30 MPa，满足混凝土标号要求。通过进一步优化，更高的替换量也可用于建筑行业中简单结构所需的M-25、M-20、M-15级混凝土等其他等级的混凝土。因此，用焚烧后的城市固体废物飞灰来代替能源厂的水泥在环境方面是有前景的，这进一步鼓励了废物作为宝贵资源的利用，从而解决了直接向环境排放所造成的问题。
{"title":"Characterization and Optimization of Incinerated Municipal Solid Waste Fly Ash as a Cement Substitute Material in Concrete at Reppie Waste to Energy Plant, Ethiopia, East Africa","authors":"Simegn Abebe, Abebe Sisay, W. Abebe","doi":"10.36959/742/235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/235","url":null,"abstract":"Incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash is a byproduct of Reppie Waste to Energy Plant Technology found after generation of power and electricity. The disposal of this ash in the form of particulate matter is already causing serious environmental problems to the city. This research was, therefore, conducted to examine the potential of incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash as a cement substitute material. The incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash of Reppie waste to energy plant after silicate analysis was investigated for the major chemical composition to test the requirement of ASTM C 618 artificial pozzolanic property of class C. This makes it possible to the partial replacement of cement in concrete structure for the construction industry. The samples of this fly ash were arranged in a random and design mix ratio of 1:2:3 with a maximum 0.45 water-cement ratios following EBCS-2, 1995 [1] to survey compressive strength tests, tensile strength, density test, and water absorbency tests. The test result of compressive strength showed that, up to 13.6% substitution of the standard Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash in concrete gratify the targeted compressive strength requirement at 28 days of curing period. While more than 15% of the substitution showed lower compressive strength at 28 days for M-30 grade of concrete but it works for other grades of the simple concrete structure. Therefore, it can be concluded that 13.6% replacement of cement by incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash resulted in nearly 30 MPa compressive strength which satisfies the required concrete grade. The higher replacement could also be used for other grades of concrete required such as M-25, M-20, and M-15 grade of concrete for simple structure in the construction industry by further optimization. Hence, the substitution of incinerated municipal solid waste fly ash from Reppie waste to energy plant for cement in concrete is environmentally promising which further encourages the use of waste as valuable resources thereby solves the problems caused by its direct disposal to the environment.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75354190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An intensive practice of agroecosystem affects overall health and productivity of land. Agricultural land expansions lead to deforestation that not only makes blurred relation between these two land use practices but also affects overall productivity and health of ecosystem. In this context, agroforestry emerge new trend of farming system that involves both components into same piece of land simultaneously that are ecologically viable, socially acceptable and economically profitable. Nowadays, agroforestry systems are prevalent in most part of developing countries where it becomes a boon for farmers by producing various diversified timber and non-timber products that strengthen the farmer’s socioeconomic status and improve livelihood security. The diversified components of agroforestry system intensify ecosystem services in both tangible and intangible ways. Resource conservation, soil health management, climate change mitigations, maintaining carbon footprints and farmers socioeconomic upliftments etc are key services delivered through sustainbale practices of agroforestry systems in various agro-ecological zones of the developing countries of the tropical world. Moreover, agroforestry system maintains carbon footprints due to its better carbon sequestration potential that makes carbon balance in the atmosphere and regulates carbon flow and flux in the ecosystem. Thus, practicing climate resilient agroforestry system in the developing countries controls GHGs emission and mitigates climate change problems. Carbon sequestration adds vegetational biomass and ensures soil carbon pools in the agroforestry system. Similarly, agroforestry and other horticulture based land use system provide various healthy and quality food and fruits that not only source of income but also maintain health status of the farmer’s. Reclamation of degraded land, desertification and saline/ alkaline soil are another potential of agroforestry systems in developing countries that not only make sustainable land practices but also intensify high yield and productivity to make food (grains, fruits, vegetables, spices, etc.) availability for burgeoning populations in developing countries. In view of the above, in-depth discussions were made in this paper that covers overall agroforestry scope and potential in food-soil-climate and farmer’s livelihood security in developing countries.
{"title":"Agroforestry Systems: A Boon for Developing Country","authors":"R. Abhishek, Jhariya Mk, K. Nahid","doi":"10.36959/742/233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/742/233","url":null,"abstract":"An intensive practice of agroecosystem affects overall health and productivity of land. Agricultural land expansions lead to deforestation that not only makes blurred relation between these two land use practices but also affects overall productivity and health of ecosystem. In this context, agroforestry emerge new trend of farming system that involves both components into same piece of land simultaneously that are ecologically viable, socially acceptable and economically profitable. Nowadays, agroforestry systems are prevalent in most part of developing countries where it becomes a boon for farmers by producing various diversified timber and non-timber products that strengthen the farmer’s socioeconomic status and improve livelihood security. The diversified components of agroforestry system intensify ecosystem services in both tangible and intangible ways. Resource conservation, soil health management, climate change mitigations, maintaining carbon footprints and farmers socioeconomic upliftments etc are key services delivered through sustainbale practices of agroforestry systems in various agro-ecological zones of the developing countries of the tropical world. Moreover, agroforestry system maintains carbon footprints due to its better carbon sequestration potential that makes carbon balance in the atmosphere and regulates carbon flow and flux in the ecosystem. Thus, practicing climate resilient agroforestry system in the developing countries controls GHGs emission and mitigates climate change problems. Carbon sequestration adds vegetational biomass and ensures soil carbon pools in the agroforestry system. Similarly, agroforestry and other horticulture based land use system provide various healthy and quality food and fruits that not only source of income but also maintain health status of the farmer’s. Reclamation of degraded land, desertification and saline/ alkaline soil are another potential of agroforestry systems in developing countries that not only make sustainable land practices but also intensify high yield and productivity to make food (grains, fruits, vegetables, spices, etc.) availability for burgeoning populations in developing countries. In view of the above, in-depth discussions were made in this paper that covers overall agroforestry scope and potential in food-soil-climate and farmer’s livelihood security in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":7252,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88363343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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