Current research in behavioral sciences最新文献

The study aimed to identify behavioral and academic disorders' manifestations for students with learning difficulties for the elementary stage in Jerusalem, Israel, from the teacher's perspective. The researcher used the descriptive approach appropriately for the purposes and objectives of the study and data. They gathered the data using the first questionnaire consisting of (78)paragraphs and the second questionnaire consisting of (41) sections on the study sample from teachers with learning difficulties in Jerusalem schools. The data were used in the statistical program SPSS to receive results. The responses were moderately mean in each field: behavioral and academic disorder difficulties 3.6859, 0.8431. The results showed no statistical differences at the significance level (α>0.05) in behavioral disorder manifestations. The Academy is for students with learning difficulties in schools in the Jerusalem area for the elementary stage from the teacher's perspective due to gender, age, and several years of experience teaching. The study made recommendations for proper diversification of special education services for students who have learning difficulties and provide an appropriate learning environment.

Background

The COVID virus epidemic has produced another era on the planet while we sort out the outcomes in various parts of our everyday life. The food industry and food supply chain do not incorporate an exception. Considering a food supply chain, the business activities and supply of various food products have been suspended due to restriction of demand, closing the food production facilities, financial restrictions.

Scope and approach

According to the spreadability of the pandemic, every nation must understand the seriousness of the circumstance. This work aims to discuss the effect of COVID-19 on socioeconomic implications and the impact of lockdown on the food supply chain and agri-business. The paper also summarizes the suggestions needed to control and deduce the impact of COVID-19. For now, the chance of transmission through the food area is viewed as immaterial, and following Covid in workspaces isn't considered as a need by public authorities. However, the unfriendly impacts on the climate, food frameworks and individuals along the food store network are obvious.

Key findings and conclusion

A food supply chain facilities should concentrate on facilities like maintenance of employees' safety and health, change of conditions in working. To prevent the increment of food prices, the protectionist policy should avoid. We have also suggested a PDS system to overcome food supply chain disruption. In conclusion, the supply chain should respond and overcome the challenging situation in the food supply chain.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a disturbing experience of proximity to death. As the pandemic goes on, the mixed experience of loss of a close family or friends added to the unpredictability of economic changes and the social isolation can elicit negative manifestations of affection, and psychological distress. The whole experience negatively affects individuals with or without previous mental health disorders. Objective: The present study is a cohort aimed to analyze the effect of the salience of mortality during the covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of a sample of the Brazilian population. Method: 9,024 Brazilians were evaluated based on the data collection performed through the online Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), during the social isolation period. Participants were divided into four groups, G1 (2,256) without previous history of mental disorders (MD), G2 (2,256) with a previous history of MD and both no loss of family or friends due to direct effect of SARS-COV2 infection, G3 (2256) with a previous history of MD and without a loss and G4 (2256), with a prior MD and reported a loss of family or friend due to direct effect of SARS-COV2 infection. The group data was analyzed using the covariance analysis - ANCOVA. Results: The loss of a family member or friend due to direct effect of SARS-COV2 infection amplifies psychological distress. This effect seems to be dramatically increased in individuals with a previous history of mental disorders. The population with loss should be target of mitigation actions to minimize the pandemic effects.

Virtual reality (VR) is an artificial environment which is experienced through sensory stimuli provided by a computer. The capability of VR to simulate reality could greatly increase access to psychological therapies. The model of early intervention training and partial intelligent feedback was established to analyze the effect of cognitive training based on VA on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Clancy Autism Behavior Scale (CABS) were used to assist the severity of symptoms and treatment effectiveness of cognitive training based on VA on children with ASD. The results showed that the cognitive training based on VA was very attractive to children with ASD; cognitive training based on VA significantly improved the typical symptoms (the social communication disorder, speech retardation, narrow interest and rigid behavior) of children with ASD and perfected the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Behavior Scale (CABS) during 4 weeks after treatment. The data suggested that cognitive training based on VA might be a good method to treat children with ASD.

Across psychology, there is increasing recognition that the experiences of children from minoritized racial and ethnic groups are underrepresented. Research on prosocial behavior exemplifies this systemic bias. This paper suggests that measures of prosocial behavior should be revised to be more culturally equitable, in order to reflect the experiences of youth across diverse communities. First, the authors briefly review literature on prosocial development in high-income countries. The authors advocate for revising measures to capture greater variability in the experiences of children from marginalized groups, and interpreting research findings in the context of systemic inequalities. Next, the authors review research on prosocial behavior in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which is limited but growing, and discuss next steps for future research on prosocial behavior in LMICs. The goal is to provide a specific research agenda to advance the understanding of prosocial development across contexts and communities worldwide.

The objective was to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Decision Styles Scale (DSS) for Brazil. Translation and back-translation were carried out, evaluated by a committee of experts. DSS was answered by 1218 participants of both sexes (women = 816, 73.4%) aged between 18 and 64 (M = 26.68; SD = 8.32). A Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed, and items were analyzed by the Gradual Response Model of the Item Response Theory. Results indicated that the structure of two styles (rational and intuitive) shows excellent goodness-of-fit, showing high reliability and invariance of psychometric parameters as a function of gender. IRT indicated that items in the rational style require fewer latent traits than those in the intuitive style. These results indicated that DSS presents validity for assessing decision styles in the Brazilian context.

The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the UN program says about the elimination of epidemics by 2030, the elimination of epidemics of diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, as well as measures to combat hepatitis and other water-borne diseases. The purpose of this article is to analyze the medical geography of Uzbekistan and health problems. After covering the geographical features of morbidity and mortality in the country, the following conclusions were drawn. One of the achievements of the socio-demographic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in recent years is the reduction in mortality in all age groups. During this time, the country's health care system was improved, attention was paid to the health of the population. Also, an increase in the number of young and middle-aged people in the population, a decrease in the birth rate has led to a decrease in infant mortality, maternal mortality and overall mortality. However, there are areas with higher rates (Tashkent, Tashkent and Andijan regions), which can be explained by their location at a transport hub and industrialization. The authors believe that the theoretical issues of medical geography, medico-geographical zoning and forecasting, the identification of nosogeographic regions and foci require further research in this area. In such studies, it is necessary to focus on the role of medical geography in the system of geographical sciences, which, in turn, refers to aspects of natural and socioeconomic geography and geoecology.

The aime was to examine the factor structure, reliability and to obtain preliminary parameters of the Brazilian adaptation of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, a widely self-report measure used to assess impulsive behavior, in research and clinical setting. The scale is composed of 59 items assessing five factors of impulsivity: (1) positive urgency, (2) negative urgency, (3) lack of premeditation; (4) lack of perseverance; (5) sensation seeking. In the present study 718 participants (504 women and 214 men), with mean age 38.5 (SD = 12.4) who were recruited online fulfilled the UPPS-P scale. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) presented appropriate goodness of fit for the five-factor model, and a Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) revealed evidence of invariance of its psychometric parameters as a function of gender. Our results showed that the Brazilian Portuguese version of UPPS-P presents good psychometric properties and the same five-factor structure of the original version of UPPS-P.

The constant presence and reminder of COVID-19, as well as persistent measures to control, test, measure or otherwise monitor this pandemic are taking an eroding psychological toll on the global population, even as select populations begin to receive a vaccine. This daily “presence” is exhausting humanity in ways akin to times of war or extreme financial strife, and its long-term impact on human mental health is referred to in this paper as CORONEX, or exhaustion caused by the coronavirus, in this case COVID-19. This term is based on broad observations, but not on clinical data. Prolonged fear, insecurities, and radical changes to lifestyles can erode psychological defenses while fortifying mental frailties. Particularly vulnerable to both health and mental health impacts of COVID-19 are older individuals, those with pre-existing conditions, minorities, and healthcare workers. Even with vaccines, COVID-19-induced fatigue (CORONEX) will likely continue in the foreseeable future as humanity learns to coexist with this pandemic. Suitable and robust economic, psycho-emotive and healthcare support structures are needed for those that survive, even more so for communities living in under-privileged conditions.

Depression is a significant and growing issue that substantially affects an individual's way of life, interrupting typical functioning and blocking viewpoints. At the same time, they may be unaware they are suffering such a problem. This research focuses on depression prediction and determines which sex is sadder and more satisfied with their employment. The writers gathered data from both men and females to get accurate statistics. We used factor analysis, Random Forest Classifier, Random Forest Regression, Naive Bayes, and K Neighbors Classifier algorithms to determine which sources of stress predict stress-related symptoms in people exploring job satisfaction as predicted and job depression by age, monthly income, gender, occupation, children, city, previous job, marital status, and current job satisfaction level.