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Materials Advances to Achieve One World Climate 材料进步实现同一个世界气候
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.041704
Ashutosh Tiwari
Climate change has made the human ecosystem uncertain. The eco-adaptation is contributing significantly to a progressive shift in the entire geographical region until and unless it reaches an equilibrium stage. It is critical to support innovative, cleaner public transportation and decarbonization in the carbon industries to create a sustainable world. Global organizations are developing strategies and agendas to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals in various ways [1]. The economic growth and well-being of the people require an understanding of the one world-one climate concept, and this in turn necessitates basic information for climate rejuvenation strategies in contemporary society. Urban ecosystems can be managed through the provision of a wide range of social, ecological, and technological services that all contribute to better environmental conditions, including cleaner air and water, control of flooding, better mental health, and more vibrant social and cultural life [2]. The shift in the environment and the degradation are a primary source of concern, and immediate treatment through the development of new materials is helpful to achieve climate neutrality by the year 2050 [3]. The production, size, and landscape of the advanced materials market were the primary factors that went into determining the key drivers for the future [4]. The global materials market is expected to increase by many folds soon, according to market trends for types including new buildings, electronics, and energy materials as well as high-end applications in medical devices, automotive, aerospace, electrical and electronics, power, and others [4]. Information in a database that can be understood by the top 100 researchers in materials, a field in which a global selection of research and development is reflected [5]. The transformations for improved characteristics are taking place in the materials industries because of recent innovations. These innovations are driving results for sustainability, light-weighting, 3D printing, and surface engineering as a result of the development of intelligent materials, nano-formulations, and advanced composites [7]. The conceptual motive of a perspective that is climate neutral should push toward "One World, One Climate" (also known as "One World, One Ecosystem") by fostering eco-friendly working communities that have access to pollution-free environments (Fig. 1). The only way to modify the environmentally friendly policies is to do so in a manner that is coordinated on the regional and national levels. If the world were to adopt the concept of climate neutrality with human beneficial assessment, it might provide a once-in-a-generation opportunity to expand and colonize new areas with a greater sense of assurance.
气候变化使人类生态系统变得不确定。在整个地理区域达到平衡阶段之前,生态适应对整个地理区域的渐进式转变做出了重大贡献。支持创新、更清洁的公共交通和碳工业的脱碳,以创造一个可持续发展的世界,这一点至关重要。全球组织正在制定战略和议程,以各种方式为可持续发展目标做出贡献[1]。经济增长和人民福祉需要理解“一个世界-一个气候”的概念,而这反过来又需要当代社会气候复兴战略的基本信息。城市生态系统可以通过提供广泛的社会、生态和技术服务来管理,这些服务都有助于改善环境条件,包括更清洁的空气和水、控制洪水、更好的心理健康,以及更有活力的社会和文化生活[2]。环境的变化和退化是人们关注的主要来源,通过开发新材料立即进行处理有助于到2050年实现气候中和[3]。先进材料市场的生产、规模和格局是决定未来关键驱动因素的主要因素[4]。根据市场趋势,包括新型建筑、电子、能源材料以及医疗器械、汽车、航空航天、电气电子、电力等高端应用在内的市场类型,全球材料市场预计将很快增长许多倍[4]。材料领域排名前100位的研究人员能够理解的数据库中的信息,这是一个反映全球研发选择的领域[5]。由于最近的创新,材料工业正在进行改进特性的转变。随着智能材料、纳米配方和先进复合材料的发展,这些创新正在推动可持续性、轻量化、3D打印和表面工程的发展[7]。气候中性视角的概念动机应该通过培养拥有无污染环境的生态友好型工作社区来推动“同一个世界,同一个气候”(也称为“同一个世界,同一个生态系统”)(图1)。修改环境友好政策的唯一方法是在区域和国家层面上进行协调。如果世界采纳了对人类有益的评估的气候中立的概念,它可能会提供一个千载难逢的机会,以更大的安全感扩展和殖民新地区。
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引用次数: 2
Synthesis and Mechanical Evaluation of Geopolymeric Mortars Reinforced with Alpaca Wool Fibers 羊驼毛纤维增强地聚合物砂浆的合成及力学性能评价
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.041705
Daily Gallegos, Denis Mayta, G. Rodrı́guez, Fredy Huaman, Fernando Cuzziramos
Geopolymeric mortars were manufactured by mixing mining tailings with textile waste from the alpaca wool industry, in order to study their mechanical strength by performing compression tests and analyzing their microstructure by optical microscopy, in which inversely proportional values of density and porosity, and maximum resistance values from 32 to 9 MPa for samples with 0 and 8 Vol.% of added fibers, respectively.
将矿渣与羊驼毛工业纺织废料混合制备地聚合物砂浆,通过压缩试验和光学显微结构分析研究其机械强度,其中纤维添加量为0和8时,密度与孔隙率成反比,最大电阻值为32 ~ 9 MPa。
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引用次数: 0
CO2 Permeation through Nanoporous graphene: a theoretical study 二氧化碳透过纳米多孔石墨烯的理论研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031700
Z. Fthenakis, Antonios Fountoulakis, I. Petsalakis, N. Lathiotakis
One of the most promising fields for application of Nanoporous graphene is that of membranes for gas separation [1-10]. For instance, Wu et. al., [7] reported that the fluorine-modified porous graphene membrane can be used for the separation of CO2 from N2 molecules, since CO2 moves easier through such a membrane, contrary to N2. Sun et. al., [8] identified a nanopore graphene membrane that is permeable to H2 and He, significantly permeable to N2 and impermeable to CH4. They also showed that pore functionalization may significantly affect the molecular permeation [8]. Similar results have been found by Jiang et. al., [9], who reported high selectivity for the separation between H2 and CH4 for graphene membranes with nitrogen functionalized pores. The effect of nitrogen functionalization was also reported by Wei et. al., [10] and Zhu et. al., [11], who showed that porous graphene membranes with pyridinic pores are very efficient in separating He and H2 over Ne, Ar, N2, CO and CH4. In the present work, we investigate theoretically the permeation of CO2 through pyridinic pores in graphene, as part of a systematic study of gas permeation through graphene membranes. Our study focuses on seven membrane systems which are shown schematically in Fig. 1. Apart from pristine graphene (Fig. 1(a)), these membranes, are constructed by removing some neighbouring carbon atoms of the graphene layer, while the pore boundary atoms are replaced by nitrogen (pyridinic pores). Using the method described below, we try to reach the transition state for the minimum energy path that transfers the CO2 molecule from the one side of the membrane to the other through the pore and estimate the energy barrier which corresponds to that transition state. Using the energy barriers, we then estimate the CO2 permeabilities of the membranes utilizing the kinetic theory of gasses.
纳米多孔石墨烯最有前途的应用领域之一是气体分离膜[1-10]。例如,Wu等人[7]报道,氟修饰的多孔石墨烯膜可用于CO2与N2分子的分离,因为与N2相反,CO2更容易通过这种膜。Sun等人[8]发现了一种纳米孔石墨烯膜,该膜对H2和He具有渗透性,对N2具有显著渗透性,对CH4不渗透性。他们还表明,孔隙功能化可能显著影响分子渗透[8]。Jiang等人[9]也发现了类似的结果,他们报道了具有氮功能化孔的石墨烯膜对H2和CH4分离的高选择性。Wei等人[10]和Zhu等人[11]也报道了氮功能化的影响,他们发现带有吡啶孔的多孔石墨烯膜在Ne、Ar、N2、CO和CH4上分离He和H2非常有效。在目前的工作中,我们从理论上研究了二氧化碳通过石墨烯中的吡啶孔的渗透,作为石墨烯膜气体渗透系统研究的一部分。我们的研究集中在7个膜系统上,如图1所示。除了原始的石墨烯(图1(a)),这些膜是通过去除石墨烯层的一些邻近的碳原子来构建的,而孔边界原子则被氮(吡啶孔)所取代。使用下面描述的方法,我们试图达到通过孔将CO2分子从膜的一侧转移到另一侧的最小能量路径的过渡状态,并估计与该过渡状态对应的能量垒。利用能量势垒,我们利用气体动力学理论估计了膜的CO2渗透率。
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引用次数: 1
Experimental Analysis of Composite Beams 组合梁试验分析
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031698
D. Dubecký, V. Kvočák, M. Weissová
conflicts to declare.
要声明的冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of closely spaced knots on the failure mechanism of timber beams 密距节对木梁破坏机理的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031702
Khaled A. Saad, A. Lengyel
linear This research presents a parametric three-dimensional finite element study on the effects of closely spaced knots and related fibre deviations on the flexural failure mechanism of wood beams. The model considers the effects of the position of the knots along the beam's longitudinal and vertical axis. The numerical models were validated by bending tests performed on six timber beams. The actual three-dimensional geometry of knots and related fibre deviations were determined accurately based on an algorithm proposed previously by the authors. The elastic-plastic constitutive law of Nordic Spruce wood was considered based on the Hill anisotropic model. The failures were numerically predicted with the help of the Tsai-Wu failure criterion. The validated numerical models can also be used based on visual inspections. The user needs only to define the position and size of the knots and the space between them. Moreover, the model allows defining different fibre patterns in the knot vicinity. The model considers a fixed knot located in the tension zone at the mid-span of the beam and a moving knot adjusted at horizontal and vertical centre-to-centre distances d and v from the fixed one. Results revealed that regardless of the distance d (where v = 0), the failure will initiate at the same load levels for both knots. However, moving the adjacent knot diagonally ( v not equal to 0) causes shear failure between the knots. The part of the clear wood between the knots is ineffective if the knots' centre-to-centre distance is less than three times the knot diameter.
本文采用参数化三维有限元方法研究了密节及相关纤维偏差对木梁受弯破坏机制的影响。该模型考虑了节点沿梁的纵轴和纵轴位置的影响。通过对6根木梁进行弯曲试验,验证了数值模型的有效性。根据作者先前提出的算法,准确地确定了结的实际三维几何形状和相关纤维偏差。基于Hill各向异性模型,研究了北欧云杉木材的弹塑性本构规律。利用Tsai-Wu破坏准则对其进行了数值预测。经验证的数值模型也可用于目视检测。用户只需要定义结的位置和大小以及它们之间的空间。此外,该模型允许在结附近定义不同的纤维模式。该模型考虑位于梁跨中张力区的一个固定结和一个移动结,移动结与固定结之间的水平和垂直中心距离分别为d和v。结果表明,无论距离d(其中v = 0)如何,两个节的故障将在相同的负载水平上启动。然而,沿对角线移动相邻的结(v不等于0)会导致结之间的剪切破坏。如果结的中心到中心的距离小于结直径的三倍,那么结之间的透明木部分是无效的。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity studies of Ag+, Cu2+ and Sn2+-doped Li2GeTeO6 under Visible Light Irradiation Ag+、Cu2+和Sn2+掺杂Li2GeTeO6的制备、表征及可见光下光催化活性研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031703
Vithal Muga, Vaishnavi Kammara, Venkataswamy Perala, Manasa Sunku, Ramaswamy Kadari, Hima Bindu Gaddameedi, Sudhakar Reddy Chandiri
Doping of cations into wide bandgap semiconductors is an effective method of increasing photocatalytic activity. This work aims to find out how dopant ions like Ag + , Cu 2+ and Sn 2+ affect the structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of Li 2 GeTeO 6 . The parent Li 2 GeTeO 6 (LGTO) was synthesized by conventional solid-state method, whereas the Ag + , Cu 2+ and Sn 2+ doped Li 2 GeTeO 6 were prepared by a simplistic ion-exchange method. Techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS, N 2 adsorption-desorption analysis, UV-Vis DRS, XPS, and PL were employed to examine the physico-chemical properties of the as-prepared materials and their photocatalytic activities on the degradation of methyl violet (MV) under visible light irradiation. The acquired photocatalytic activity results revealed that all doped samples displayed enhanced photocatalytic performance compared with parent LGTO. The Ag-LGTO had the best photocatalytic activity for MV degradation, with 68.6% degradation efficiency in 180 min of irradiation. Scavenging experiments were carried out to determine the role of various active species generated on the surface of Ag-LGTO during the photocatalytic degradation of MV. The reusability and stability of Ag-LGTO up to five cycles against MV degradation were also investigated. A photocatalytic mechanism for MV degradation over the Ag-LGTO sample was also proposed based on the findings described above. showed the higher photocatalytic activity towards the MV degradation owing to the higher surface area, enhanced visible light absorption and reduced recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs compared to other catalysts.
在宽禁带半导体中掺杂阳离子是提高光催化活性的有效方法。本研究旨在发现Ag +、cu2 +和Sn 2+等掺杂离子如何影响Li 2 GeTeO 6的结构、光学和光催化性能。母晶Li 2 GeTeO 6 (LGTO)采用常规固相法合成,而掺杂Ag +、Cu 2+和Sn 2+的Li 2 GeTeO 6采用简化离子交换法制备。采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM-EDS、n2吸附-解吸分析、UV-Vis DRS、XPS、PL等技术考察了所制备材料的理化性质及其在可见光下降解甲基紫(MV)的光催化活性。获得的光催化活性结果表明,与母体LGTO相比,所有掺杂样品都表现出增强的光催化性能。Ag-LGTO对MV的光催化降解效果最好,在180 min的光催化降解效率为68.6%。通过清除实验确定Ag-LGTO表面产生的各种活性物质在光催化降解MV过程中的作用。研究了Ag-LGTO在5次循环中抗MV降解的可重用性和稳定性。基于上述发现,还提出了Ag-LGTO样品上MV降解的光催化机制。与其他催化剂相比,由于具有更高的比表面积、增强的可见光吸收和降低的光生电子-空穴对复合速率,对MV降解表现出更高的光催化活性。
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引用次数: 0
The resistance to UV radiation for GFRP pultruded bridge panels 玻璃钢拉挤桥面板的抗紫外线辐射性能
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031699
B. Stankiewicz
the combined action of temperature, humidity and on polymers and composites. The that after the polymer stiffer in an irreversible way. simulated harsh with in water solutions, such as alkali, acid, or salt investigate long-term
温度、湿度和对聚合物和复合材料的综合作用。在聚合物以不可逆的方式变硬之后。模拟苛刻的水溶液,如碱,酸,或盐的长期调查
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引用次数: 1
Synthesis and thermomechanical behavior of SiC/Si compounds derived from wood waste 从木材废料中提取的SiC/Si化合物的合成及其热力学行为
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031701
M. Benavides, Denis Mayta, Fernando Cuzziramos, Gerhard Rodriguez, Fredy Huaman-Mamani
to advance in the knowledge of the volumetric relationship in the mechanical response of SiC/Si compounds at variable temperatures.
提高了SiC/Si化合物在变温度下力学响应的体积关系的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Climate Diplomacy to Attain Global Eco-Neutrality 实现全球生态中立的气候外交
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.031697
Ashutosh Tiwari
United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and European Green Deal (EGD) are focused to achieve the climate goals with a committed timeline [1-3]. The Paris Agreement builds a bond between today's guidelines and climate neutrality for setting long-term goals to lead all nations towards mitigating greenhouse gases and global warmth [2]. In Fig. 1, the summary of the European Green Deal can be outlined, which mainly focused on the Europe’s economy transition via mobilising research and innovation to a sustainable future.
联合国可持续发展目标(sdg)和欧洲绿色协议(EGD)的重点是在承诺的时间表内实现气候目标[1-3]。《巴黎协定》在今天的指导方针和气候中和之间建立了联系,以制定长期目标,引导所有国家减少温室气体排放和全球变暖[2]。在图1中,可以概述欧洲绿色协议的摘要,该协议主要侧重于通过动员研究和创新来实现可持续未来的欧洲经济转型。
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引用次数: 4
Hydrogen Leading the Green Energy Future 氢引领绿色能源的未来
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.5185/amlett.2022.021690
Ashutosh Tiwari
limate change evolving as the major concern erratic weather conditions for example heavy rains drought floods, landslides, soil erosion, tsunami, and extreme cold and warm weather, which severely impact the livelihoods of the mankind. Attaining the substance by reducing carbon pollution and other greenhouse gases is the best way to control climate change [1]. Considering the suitable climate, habitat variation, and their adverse effects such as glaciers, heatwave, sea levels rise, etc., it is important to understand the climate control and framing combat policy as per the requirement of energy. Biofuels reduce greenhouse gases extensively in comparison to fossil fuels for transport [2]. The selection of energy technology is critical to achieve the net-zero emission [3]. Energy crisis is a prominent challenge across the globe. Searching and adopting other technologies and sources for energy exploitation may bring risks and challenges [4,5]. However, energy demands increasing day by day, and the exploitation of natural resources for energy extraction, making the environment worst. The importance of armed violence in nurturing environmental degradation and the ecological imbalance was studied [6]. Now, country-wise policy for renewable, and net-zero power generation is much required in line with sustainability [7]. The most abundant element of the globe is hydrogen, which has a universal presence in water, oil, and natural gases. Hydrogen is now established as a clean and flexible energy carrier [8]. Europe and the other nations are progressively walking toward achieving the net-zero objective with the overview of clean hydrogen energy, which will ensure global sustainability faster [9]. The International Association of Advanced Materials, IAAM also orchestrates its goal with the European Green Deal through policy initiatives [10]. Hydrogen utilization for transport, power, and building sectors will not pollute the air and fulfil the sustainability agenda sooner. World-leading organizations also initiated hydrogen research to solve climate issues [11]. The utilization of biowaste for the generation of net-zero energy and hydrogen as commercially used fuels to create a sustainable energy system is the demand of the hour [12]. Therefore, a well-developed hydrogen production infrastructure is best for energy carriers and storage across the globe. Although, efforts need more efficient technology, innovation, policy, and management for utilization in the energy sector. Further, despite numerous limiting factors research institutions and industrial players have taken the challenge with a politically driven agenda to combat climate neutrality.
气候变化日益成为人们关注的主要问题,诸如暴雨、干旱、洪水、山体滑坡、水土流失、海啸以及极端冷暖天气等不稳定的天气状况严重影响着人类的生计。通过减少碳污染和其他温室气体来获取该物质是控制气候变化的最佳途径[1]。考虑到适宜气候、栖息地变化及其不利影响(如冰川、热浪、海平面上升等),了解气候控制并根据能源需求制定作战政策具有重要意义。与用于运输的化石燃料相比,生物燃料大大减少了温室气体排放[2]。能源技术的选择是实现净零排放的关键[3]。能源危机是全球面临的突出挑战。寻找和采用其他技术和资源进行能源开发可能会带来风险和挑战[4,5]。然而,能源需求日益增加,自然资源的开采用于能源的提取,使环境恶化。研究了武装暴力在助长环境退化和生态失衡中的重要性[6]。现在,迫切需要制定符合可持续性的可再生能源和净零发电的国家政策[7]。地球上最丰富的元素是氢,它普遍存在于水、石油和天然气中。氢是目前公认的清洁、灵活的能源载体[8]。欧洲和其他国家正在逐步走向实现净零目标,清洁氢能源的概述,这将确保全球可持续性更快[9]。国际先进材料协会(IAAM)也通过政策举措将其目标与欧洲绿色协议协调起来[10]。氢在交通、电力和建筑领域的利用不会污染空气,并更快地实现可持续发展议程。世界领先的组织也发起了氢研究来解决气候问题[11]。利用生物废弃物产生净零能源和氢气作为商业燃料,创造可持续的能源系统是当前的需求[12]。因此,发达的氢气生产基础设施是全球能源载体和储存的最佳选择。不过,能源部门的利用需要更有效的技术、创新、政策和管理。此外,尽管存在诸多限制因素,研究机构和行业参与者仍以政治驱动的议程迎接挑战,以实现气候中和。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Advanced Materials Letters
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