Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale最新文献

Imaging studies have tried to identify morphological outcome measures of schizophrenia in the last two decades. In particular, longitudinal studies have reported a correlation between larger ventricles, decreased prefrontal volumes and worse outcome. This would potentially allow to isolate subtypes of schizophrenia patients with a worse prognosis and more evident biological impairments, ultimately helping in designing specific rehabilitation interventions.

Authors are a necessary and most appreciated basis for the publishing of any scientific journal. They should be welcomed for their creativity, originality and productivity, not stigmatized in general as cheaters and criminals because a very few were tempted beyond their control to cut the slices a bit too thin, overdo the utilization of leftover data, listed too many authors to a paper, forgot to report a harmless study to an ethical committee, or in very few cases commit severe actions of fraud. The managerial way of thinking, meeting every author with systems of control and limitations is like poison to creative minds. Instead of appointing editors as policemen, we may preferably meet the vast majority of classical scholarly working scientists with trust, confidence and support, facilitating the process of disseminating the results from their creative minds--and of course consequently show the deliberately cheating researchers the door when they act unfaithfully to the scientific society.

The role of editor of a journal attracts the vision of a scholar isolated in an ivory tower selecting "la crème" of the submitted papers, with no other preoccupations that the scientific rigour. This, is of course, only one of the many roles - or, as this editorial calls them, lives--of an editor. The essential skills are many and more complex, and an editor will encounter many problems that are related to such diverse issues as anticipating scientific trends, investigating misbehaviours, settling ethical disputes, and interfacing with the lay press. It is exciting and rewarding, and never predictable.

Aim: To explore knowledge, treatment setting, attitudes and needs associated with patients in early phases of psychosis among general practitioners (GPs) in Prague, and to compare results with GPs from 6 countries participating in the International GP Study (IGPS) on Early Psychosis (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, Norway, Austria).

Methods: Survey questionnaires were mailed to 648 GPs in the city of Prague.

Results: The response rate was 19.9%. Prague GPs showed significantly lower diagnostic knowledge of early phases of psychosis compared to their international colleagues. They frequently indicated depression/anxiety and somatic complaints as early warnings of psychosis. They more often considered their behaviour to be problematic and more commonly handed them over to specialists. The majority of Prague GPs wished specialized outpatient services for low-threshold referrals of such patients.

Conclusions: Along the mental health reforms in the Czech Republic which emphasis the role of primary care, GPs' knowledge of the early warning signs of psychosis needs to be improved.

Unlabelled: People with mental illness face stigma and discrimination in a variety of settings which can have an economic impact.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to identify literature on the economic impact of mental illness stigma.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature identified 30 papers from 27 studies by searching electronic databases and hand searching reference lists.

Results: Mental illness stigma/discrimination was found to impact negatively on employment, income, public views about resource allocation and healthcare costs.

Conclusions: Stigma and discrimination regarding mental health problems lead to adverse economic effects for people with these conditions. Interventions that reduce stigma may therefore also be economically beneficial.