Food chemistry advances最新文献_第2页

Investigation on the improvement of shea butter yield and quality through enhanced pre-treatment methods: An analytical study on physicochemical properties 通过强化预处理方法提高牛油果油产量和质量的研究：理化特性分析研究

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100840

Kofi Duodu , Gerheart Winfred Ashong , Anderson Ndego , Edward Ebow Kwaansa-Ansah

Shea butter is an organic ingredient used in direct consumption, or the manufacture of products in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Some pre-treatment processes of shea nuts may not favor the high oil recovery and quality attributes, leading to products that may not conform to market standards for quality, stability, importation, and human consumption. This research emphasizes how roasting or boiling shea nuts for shea butter production enhances its quality by lessening its vulnerability to oxidative instability while simultaneously optimizing oil yield. Shea nuts were collected from an agro-processing company in Ghana. Physicochemical parameters such as refractive index, volatile, acid, iodine, saponification, and peroxide values were analyzed using standard analytical methods. Roasted, boiled, and untreated shea nuts produced a maximum oil yield of 53.53, 48.75, and 47.63 %, respectively. The findings of physicochemical properties of the shea butter samples as time increased from 10 to 50 min for roasted, boiled, and untreated shea nuts showed; an acid value from 8.50 to 17.49 mgKOH/g, 19.4 to 26.46 mgKOH/g and 18.20 mgKOH/g, iodine value from 40.91 – 48.23 gI₂/100 g, 46.17 – 57.93 gI₂/100 g, and 42.9 gI₂/100 g, peroxide value from 2.45 to 4.69 meq/kg, 3.05 to 7.08 meq/kg and 2.15 meq/Kg, refractive index from 1.464 to 1.465, 1.464 to 1.469, and 1.463, saponification value from 181.90 to 187.90 mg KOH/g, 177.70 to 181.55 mg KOH/g and 180.60 mg KOH/g. The quality parameters indicate chances of rancidity. Roasting shea nuts was the optimal condition to produce high yield and quality shea butter than boiled shea nuts. The study recommends that regulatory agencies and consumers conduct regular inspections to verify that shea butter satisfies the appropriate quality and safety criteria for consumption and export.

乳木果油是一种有机成分，可直接用于食品、药品和化妆品行业的消费或产品制造。乳木果的某些预处理过程可能不利于高油回收率和质量属性，导致产品在质量、稳定性、进口和人类消费方面可能不符合市场标准。本研究强调在生产乳木果油时，如何通过焙烧或煮沸乳木果来降低其氧化不稳定性，同时优化出油率，从而提高乳木果油的质量。乳木果是从加纳的一家农业加工公司采集的。采用标准分析方法对折射率、挥发性、酸度、碘度、皂化度和过氧化值等理化参数进行了分析。烤过、煮过和未处理过的乳木果出油率最高，分别为 53.53%、48.75% 和 47.63%。随着烘烤、煮沸和未处理乳木果的时间从 10 分钟增加到 50 分钟，乳木果油样品的理化特性结果显示：酸值从 8.50 到 17.49 mgKOH/g，19.4 到 26.46 mgKOH/g 和 18.20 mgKOH/g，碘值从 40.91 - 48.23 gI2/100 g，46.17 - 57.93 gI2/100 g。过氧化值分别为 2.45 至 4.69 meq/kg、3.05 至 7.08 meq/kg 和 2.15 meq/Kg；折光率分别为 1.464 至 1.465、1.464 至 1.469 和 1.463；皂化值分别为 181.90 至 187.90 mgKOH/g、177.70 至 181.55 mgKOH/g 和 180.60 mgKOH/g。这些质量参数表明存在酸败的可能性。与水煮乳木果相比，烘焙乳木果是生产高产量和高质量乳木果油的最佳条件。研究建议监管机构和消费者进行定期检查，以核实乳木果油是否符合消费和出口所需的适当质量和安全标准。

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引用次数: 0

Bioactivity-guided purification and characterization of antioxidant, anti-gout and anti-diabetic polyphenols from Panchkuta: A traditional food combination of (semi) arid regions 在生物活性指导下纯化和鉴定来自 Panchkuta 的抗氧化、抗痛风和抗糖尿病多酚：半干旱地区的传统食物组合

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100839

Tripti Joshi, Sonakshi Puri, PR Deepa, Pankaj Kumar Sharma

Desert ecosystems have thrived in part because of the contribution of local traditions, along with conventional knowledge passed down through generations. Panchkuta, a combination of five plants, including Prosopis cineraria, Cordia dichotoma, Capparis decidua, Acacia senegal, and Mangifera indica, is a classic example of ethnic desert food and how communities utilize existing food resources to ensure nutritional security. In this study, we determined the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant, anti-gout, and anti-diabetic activities of crude and purified (using Amberlite XAD7HP and Sephadex LH-20) fractions of Panchkuta. Further, the phenolic compounds (quercetin, tiliroside, myricetin-3-O-galactoside, and others) responsible for these activities were identified by analytical techniques, including TLC, LC-MS, and HR-MS. The purified fraction showing maximum antioxidant activity in DPPH assay (Fraction 16, IC₅₀–156.65 ± 12.6 μg/ml) was validated for its cytoprotective and anti-lipid peroxidative effects in the in vitro cell culture system (murine fibroblast cells). Fraction 9 showed the maximum anti-gout activity in xanthine oxidase assay (IC₅₀- 80.59 ± 9.89 μg/ml) and fraction 11 showed the maximum anti-diabetic activity in α-amylase assay (IC₅₀ of 101.54 ± 14.7 μg/ml). The study reinforces the understanding of traditional knowledge, relevance to One Health, and authenticates the potential medicinal value of Panchkuta through scientific validation.

沙漠生态系统的繁荣部分归功于当地传统的贡献以及世代相传的传统知识。Panchkuta 是由五种植物（Prosopis cineraria、Cordia dichotoma、Capparis decidua、Acacia senegal 和 Mangifera indica）组合而成的，是沙漠民族食物以及社区如何利用现有食物资源确保营养安全的典型例子。在这项研究中，我们测定了板栗的粗制和纯化（使用 Amberlite XAD7HP 和 Sephadex LH-20）馏分的总酚含量、总黄酮含量、抗氧化、抗痛风和抗糖尿病活性。此外，还通过 TLC、LC-MS 和 HR-MS 等分析技术鉴定了具有这些活性的酚类化合物（槲皮素、桔梗苷、杨梅素-3-O-半乳糖苷等）。在 DPPH 试验中显示出最大抗氧化活性的纯化馏分（馏分 16，IC50-156.65 ± 12.6 μg/ml）在体外细胞培养系统（鼠成纤维细胞）中的细胞保护和抗脂质过氧化作用得到了验证。馏分 9 在黄嘌呤氧化酶测定中显示出最大的抗痛风活性（IC50- 80.59 ± 9.89 μg/ml），馏分 11 在 α 淀粉酶测定中显示出最大的抗糖尿病活性（IC50 为 101.54 ± 14.7 μg/ml）。这项研究加强了人们对传统知识的了解，与 "一体健康 "相关，并通过科学验证了 Panchkuta 的潜在药用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Opuntia monacantha (Willd.) Haw. of the Grumari Sandbank, RJ, Brazil: Physical, chemical, biological and nutritional composition characterizations 巴西 RJ 省 Grumari 沙洲的 Opuntia monacantha (Willd.) Haw.：物理、化学、生物和营养成分特征

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100825

Anete Souza Mecenas , Roberta Guerra Peixe , Bruna Paes Do Amaral , Anne Caroline Candido Gomes , Mirian Ribeiro Leite Moura , Alice Sato , Naomi Kato Simas , Ivana Correa Ramos Leal

Opuntia monacantha is known in Brazil and is commonly marketed in some regions, as in the ecological fairs of Porto Alegre. This study aims to investigate the physical and mineral characteristics as well as antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, and chemical profile of the main metabolites of the fruit extracts. The fruits are a source of fiber (pulp and peel: 7.01 mg, 9.01 mg/100 g), respectively, selenium pulp and peel (0.04 mg/100 g and 0.05 mg/100 g), copper pulp (1.05 mg/100 g) and manganese peel (67,83 mg/100 g). The pulp showed phenolic content related to an antioxidant potential attributed to quercetin and rutin constitution in the extracts. The antibacterial activity was observed against S. aureus ATCC 33591 (methicillin-resistant, MRSA) and ATCC 29213 (methicillin-sensitive, MSSA) at 512 µg.mL⁻¹ in the apolar extracts of the fruits constituted by saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as phytosterols. The fruits presented a rich nutritional composition correlated with antioxidant and antibacterial action, being potential for health improvement and it can be explored by the food industry as well as in nature consumption by the population.

Opuntia monacantha 在巴西家喻户晓，在某些地区，如阿雷格里港的生态博览会上，这种植物通常会在市场上销售。本研究旨在调查水果提取物的物理和矿物质特征、抗氧化活性、抗菌活性以及主要代谢产物的化学成分。水果是纤维（果肉和果皮：分别为 7.01 毫克和 9.01 毫克/100 克）、硒（果肉和果皮：分别为 0.04 毫克/100 克和 0.05 毫克/100 克）、铜（果肉：1.05 毫克/100 克）和锰（果皮：67.83 毫克/100 克）的来源。果肉中的酚含量与抗氧化潜力有关，这归功于提取物中的槲皮素和芦丁成分。由饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸以及植物甾醇组成的果实萃取物对金黄色葡萄球菌 ATCC 33591（耐甲氧西林，MRSA）和 ATCC 29213（甲氧西林敏感，MSSA）的抗菌活性为 512 µg.mL-1。这些水果含有丰富的营养成分，具有抗氧化和抗菌作用，具有改善健康的潜力，可用于食品工业和人们的自然消费。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the thermal and light stability of β-carotene extracted from Mauritia flexuosa using ionic liquid 使用离子液体评估从柔毛藻中提取的β-胡萝卜素的热稳定性和光稳定性

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100833

Anne Caroline Gouvêa Ferreira , Bruna Ribeiro de Lima , Octavio Ferreira de Matos , Rogério Eiji Hanada , Jaime Paiva Lopes Aguiar , Francisca das Chagas do Amaral Souza

The growing concern over the adverse effects of synthetic dyes has generated interest in the use of natural pigments by the food industry. β-carotene, a carotenoid found in various plant sources, is recognized for its antioxidant properties and provitamin A activity. The fruit of the buriti palm (Mauritia flexuosa), which is particularly rich in β-carotene, serves as a significant natural source of this pigment. This study aimed to extract β-carotene from buriti fruit using ionic liquids as an alternative to conventional organic solvents like acetone. β-carotene content was determined by HPLC and showed that extraction with [C₄mim] [BF₄] not only improved β-carotene extraction efficiency compared to acetone (19.21 and 13.13 mg/100 g, respectively) but also provided greater pigment stability during light, thermal and color stability tests. Moreover, ionic liquids are aligned with the principles of green chemistry and offer a sustainable and safe alternative for the food industry. Its favorable characteristics not only reduce environmental impacts associated with conventional solvents, but also ensure an increase in the shelf life of natural dyes, thus promoting the safety and quality of food products.

人们对合成染料的不良影响日益关注，这引起了食品工业对使用天然色素的兴趣。β-胡萝卜素是一种存在于多种植物中的类胡萝卜素，其抗氧化特性和维生素 A 活性已得到公认。布里蒂棕榈（Mauritia flexuosa）的果实富含β-胡萝卜素，是这种色素的重要天然来源。这项研究旨在用离子液体替代丙酮等传统有机溶剂，提取布里蒂果实中的β-胡萝卜素。通过高效液相色谱法测定了β-胡萝卜素的含量，结果表明，与丙酮相比，用[C4mim] [BF4]提取不仅提高了β-胡萝卜素的提取效率（分别为 19.21 和 13.13 mg/100 g），而且在光稳定性、热稳定性和颜色稳定性测试中提供了更高的色素稳定性。此外，离子液体符合绿色化学原则，为食品工业提供了一种可持续的安全替代品。其良好的特性不仅减少了传统溶剂对环境的影响，还能确保延长天然染料的保质期，从而提高食品的安全和质量。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of pasture feeding cows and seasonality on the concentration of selected fat-soluble compounds in milk and their ability to be used as biomarkers of “Grass-Fed” dairy 牧场饲养奶牛和季节性对牛奶中特定脂溶性化合物浓度的影响及其作为 "草饲 "乳品生物标志物的能力

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100831

Mark Timlin , Janhavi Sanjay Dhumal , Raghunath Pariyani , Karen Galvin , John P. Murphy , Michael O'Donovan , Deirdre Hennessy , André Brodkorb , Alice J. Lucey , Tom F. O'Callaghan

This study investigated the impact of proportion of pasture in the cow diet on the concentration of selected fat-soluble compounds in milk including β-carotene, lutein, retinol (vitamin A), α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and zeaxanthin. Bulk tank milk samples (n = 102) were collected weekly (n = 34) across an entire lactation from three herds operating either a high (GRS), medium (PMR) or no pasture allowance (TMR) feeding system. Concentrations of β-carotene and lutein increased significantly with increasing pasture allowance, with a > 2 fold increase of β-carotene in milk, between high and no pasture allowance treatments. GRS feeding system resulted in milks with higher concentrations of retinol, α-tocopherol, and zeaxanthin, compared to both PMR and TMR systems. A biomarker model based on the fat-soluble compounds concentration in milk, demonstrated excellent differentiation of high pasture allowance derived milks from that of medium and no pasture milks, with area under the curve scores of 0.955 and 0.971 respectively. Strong correlations were observed between the concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in milk and the milks corresponding yellow colour, while a significant correlation was exhibited between β-carotene and b*-value. Such correlations with milk colour may have a significant impact on the consumer preference of milk and dairy products produced therefrom.

本研究调查了牧草在奶牛日粮中的比例对牛奶中某些脂溶性化合物浓度的影响，包括β-胡萝卜素、叶黄素、视黄醇（维生素A）、α-生育酚（维生素E）和玉米黄质。在整个泌乳期内，每周从采用高浓度（GRS）、中浓度（PMR）或无牧草补贴（TMR）饲喂系统的三个牧群中收集大量罐装牛奶样品（n = 102）（n = 34）。β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素的浓度随着牧草饲喂量的增加而显著增加，在高牧草饲喂量和无牧草饲喂量处理之间，牛奶中的β-胡萝卜素增加了2倍。与 PMR 和 TMR 系统相比，GRS 饲喂系统使牛奶中的视黄醇、α-生育酚和玉米黄质含量更高。基于牛奶中脂溶性化合物浓度的生物标志物模型显示，高牧草津贴牛奶与中等牧草牛奶和无牧草牛奶的区分度极高，曲线下面积分别为 0.955 和 0.971。牛奶中叶黄素和玉米黄质的浓度与牛奶相应的黄色之间存在很强的相关性，而β-胡萝卜素与b*值之间存在显著的相关性。这种与牛奶颜色的相关性可能会对消费者对牛奶及其制成的乳制品的偏好产生重大影响。

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引用次数: 0

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of essential oils from Madhuca Longifolia flowers and its characterization 超临界二氧化碳萃取马杜鹃花精油及其表征

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100832

Achala Gupta , Mohammed A. Bareen , Priyanka Prasad , Anita Srivastava , Jatindra K. Sahu , Hariprasad P

Madhuca longifolia (mahua), a deciduous tree growing throughout the subtropical region of the India is a potential source of differentiated essential oils (EOs) with distinct bioactives. The study aimed to assess the effect of extraction methods on the quantitative and qualitative divergence in the chemical composition of flavor compounds of mahua flower EO. The advanced supercritical CO₂ extraction (SCFE) and ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction (UAE) was compared to the conventional extraction techniques such as hydrodistillation (HD), enzyme-assisted hydrodistillation (HDE) and soxhlet (SOX) for their high-quality essential oil (EO) extraction efficiency. The maximum EO yield of 2.074% was obtained by SCFE followed by HD (1.64%). The presence of significant amount of terpenoids, including 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, γ-terpinene, myrcene, α-terpineol, limonene, and L-linalool in EO was noticed with chemical profiling using GC-MS and E-Nose. SCFE method yielded EOs with best terpenoids as compared to other extraction methods. Furthermore, EO extracted using SCFE had higher total phenol and flavonoid content of 92.56mg GAE/g, 62.18mg QE/g respectively, and DPPH (100.06µg/mL), FRAP (91.52µM Fe(II)/g) antioxidant activity as compared to other extraction methods. A significantly (p<0.05) higher α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition of 37.16% and 43%, respectively, was shown by SCFE EOs. Total carotenoid content of EOs produced using all the extraction techniques ranged from 9.94 (HDE) to 29.673 (SCFE) mg/100g β-carotene. The “van krevelen” plots of CHNS analysis revealed ‘core metabolites’. This study illustrates that SCFE is a more effective method for EO extraction of high quality from low fat plant materials such as mahua flowers as compared to HD, HDE, SOX, and UAE.

马杜鹃（Madhuca longifolia）是一种落叶乔木，生长于印度亚热带地区，是具有独特生物活性的不同精油（EO）的潜在来源。这项研究旨在评估萃取方法对麻花香精油风味化合物化学成分的定量和定性差异的影响。研究比较了先进的超临界二氧化碳萃取（SCFE）和超声辅助溶剂萃取（UAE）与水蒸馏（HD）、酶辅助水蒸馏（HDE）和索氏蒸馏（SOX）等传统萃取技术对高品质精油（EO）萃取效率的影响。SCFE 的精油产量最高，为 2.074%，其次是 HD（1.64%）。通过使用 GC-MS 和 E-Nose 进行化学分析，发现萃取物中含有大量萜类化合物，包括 2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉、γ-松油烯、月桂烯、α-松油醇、柠檬烯和 L-芳樟醇。与其他萃取方法相比，SCFE 法萃取出的环氧乙烷中的萜类化合物含量最高。此外，与其他提取方法相比，使用 SCFE 法提取的环氧乙烷具有更高的总酚和类黄酮含量，分别为 92.56mg GAE/g、62.18mg QE/g，以及 DPPH（100.06µg/mL）和 FRAP（91.52µM Fe(II)/g）抗氧化活性。SCFE 环氧乙烷对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制率明显较高（p<0.05），分别为 37.16% 和 43%。采用所有提取技术生产的环氧乙烷的类胡萝卜素总含量从 9.94（HDE）到 29.673（SCFE）毫克/100 克β-胡萝卜素不等。CHNS 分析的 "van krevelen "图显示了 "核心代谢物"。这项研究表明，与 HD、HDE、SOX 和 UAE 相比，SCFE 是一种从麻花等低脂植物材料中提取高质量环氧乙烷的更有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing polyphenol extraction and UPLC-MS/MS analysis from red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) species using response surface methodology 利用响应面方法优化红三叶（Trifolium pratense L.）多酚提取和 UPLC-MS/MS 分析

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100828

Emily P. Verhulst , Carlos Álvarez , Nigel P. Brunton , Dilip K. Rai

Polyphenols were extracted from red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) plants following conventional extraction. The combined factors of ethanol concentration (60–80%), extraction time (15–45 min) and extraction temperature (40–80°C) were evaluated. Central composite design software was used to conduct Response Surface Methodology (RSM) modelling and optimize the polyphenol yield from the red clover. Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis were used to quantify polyphenols. The RSM model identified ethanolic composition having greatest influence (p < 0.05) on the polyphenol yield with extraction yields increasing with percentage ethanol. The optimal extraction conditions were identified as 80% ethanol for 45 minutes at 40°C. When compared with an exhaustive polyphenol extraction method (70% ethanol for 21 h at room temperature), the optimal extraction resulted in a 25.6% increase in TPC yield. UPLC-MS/MS was performed to quantify the individual polyphenols present within the sample, in which biochanin A and formononetin were present in abundance. The outcomes of this modelling and optimization study demonstrate that polyphenols from red clover can be extracted efficiently with minimal environmental and energy cost and thus had the capability to serve as a source of valuable nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products.

采用传统提取法从红三叶（Trifolium pratense L.）植物中提取多酚。对乙醇浓度（60-80%）、萃取时间（15-45 分钟）和萃取温度（40-80°C）等综合因素进行了评估。采用中央复合设计软件建立响应面法（RSM）模型，优化红三叶草的多酚产量。采用总酚含量、抗氧化活性和超高效液相色谱-质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）分析法对多酚进行定量。RSM 模型确定乙醇成分对多酚产量的影响最大（p < 0.05），萃取产量随乙醇百分比的增加而增加。最佳萃取条件为 80%乙醇、40°C、45 分钟。与详尽的多酚萃取方法（70% 乙醇，室温下 21 小时）相比，最佳萃取条件下的 TPC 产量提高了 25.6%。采用 UPLC-MS/MS 对样品中的单个多酚进行了定量，其中生物茶鞣素 A 和甲萘素含量丰富。这项建模和优化研究的结果表明，可以以最低的环境和能源成本高效提取红三叶草中的多酚类物质，因此有能力作为有价值的营养保健品和医药产品的来源。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of the nutritional and antinutritional contents of tubers of Agew potatoes (Plectranthus edulis) grown in the Awi Zone, Amhara regional state of Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉州阿维区种植的马铃薯块茎的营养成分和抗营养成分分析

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100829

Misganaw Andualem , Bezuayehu Tadesse , Abebe Bitew , Asmamaw Tesfaw

Plectranthus edulis is one of the most important tuberous plants, is an indigenous plant, and grows in middle- and high-altitude areas. This study investigated the proximate, antinutritional, antioxidant, and mineral compositions of P. edulis (Agew potato) grown in the Dangila, Ankesha, and Banja districts in the Awi zone of the Amhara region, Ethiopia. The proximate composition was determined via the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) protocol. The moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, carbohydrate, phytate, tannin, TPC, TFC, and DPPH assay results ranged from 70.87 to 74.92 g/100 g, 3.92–4.58 g/10 g, 0.36–0.61 g/100 g, 6.86–9.29 g/100 g, 3.18–3.56 g/100 g, 71.79–78.81 g/100 g, 61.48–108.04 mg/100 g, 8.46–44.15 mg/100 g, 17.53–28.42 mg/g, 2.75–5.71 mg/g, and 52.94–71.49%, respectively. The concentrations of Na, P, Fe, Cu, and Zn ranged from 261.85 to 603.90 mg/kg, 82.02–251.82 mg/100 g, 23.74–65.36 mg/kg, 9.98–16.27 mg/kg, and 17.68–30.20 mg/kg, respectively. The Agew potato from Dangila had a better nutritional content than Banja and Ankesha. Agew potatoes are nutritious and medically important tuber plants used to secure food, especially in undernourished societies.

马铃薯（Plectranthus edulis）是最重要的块茎植物之一，属于本地植物，生长在中高海拔地区。本研究调查了埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区阿维区丹吉拉、安克萨和班贾地区种植的马铃薯（Agew potato）的近似物、抗营养、抗氧化和矿物质成分。近似成分是按照官方分析化学家协会（AOAC）的规程测定的。水分、灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、粗纤维、碳水化合物、植酸、单宁、TPC、TFC 和 DPPH 的测定结果范围分别为 70.87 至 74.92 克/100 克、3.92 至 4.58 克/10 克、0.36 至 0.61 克/100 克、6.00 至 6.00 克/100 克。61克/100克、6.86-9.29克/100克、3.18-3.56克/100克、71.79-78.81克/100克、61.48-108.04毫克/100克、8.46-44.15毫克/100克、17.53-28.42毫克/克、2.75-5.71毫克/克和52.94-71.49%。Na、P、Fe、Cu 和 Zn 的浓度范围分别为 261.85-603.90 mg/kg、82.02-251.82 mg/100g、23.74-65.36 mg/kg、9.98-16.27 mg/kg、17.68-30.20 mg/kg。与 Banja 和 Ankesha 相比，丹吉拉的马铃薯营养成分更高。马铃薯是一种营养丰富、具有重要医疗价值的块茎植物，可用于确保食物安全，尤其是在营养不良的社会中。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of high Fischer ratio oligopeptides produced from casein 酪蛋白制备的高费舍尔比低聚肽的特征

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100826

TongXin Shi, You Li

High Fischer ratio oligopeptides mixture is a mixed peptide system which possess many beneficial effects to the human body. Casein, a milk protein, was used as feedstock to prepare high Fischer ratio oligopeptides via enzymatic hydrolysis, adsorption and purification. Gel electrophoresis, densitometric analysis, amino acid assay and molecular weight measurement were used to visualize and quantify the prepared peptides. Casein, with Fischer ratio of 2.17, was subjected to hydrolysis by alcalase® (2.4 AU/g, pH 8.5, temperature 55 °C, enzymolysis time 2 h) and flavorzyme® (3.4 AU/g, temperature 50 °C, enzyme amount 120 μL, enzymolysis time 3 h), followed via AK-220 activated carbon adsorption (carbon-hydrolysate ratio: 1:10, adsorption time 3 h, pH 8.0, temperature 55 °C) and 3 KDa membrane ultrafiltration. In conclusion, the processing parameters for alcalase® / flavorzyme® and AK-220 activated carbon helped to obtain oligopeptides with Fischer ratio 9.87 which is significantly higher than feedstock casein F value (p < 0.05) and could potentially be used as food supplement to enhance product nutritional property.

高费舍尔比低聚肽混合物是一种混合肽系统，对人体有多种益处。以牛奶蛋白酪蛋白为原料，通过酶水解、吸附和纯化制备高费舍尔比低聚肽。利用凝胶电泳、密度分析、氨基酸测定和分子量测量来观察和量化制备的肽。酪蛋白的 Fischer 比率为 2.17，用 alcalase® （2.4 AU/g，pH 8.5，温度 55 °C，酶解时间 2 小时）和 flavorzyme® （3.4 AU/g，温度 50 °C，酶量 120 μL，酶解时间 3 小时），然后进行 AK-220 活性炭吸附（碳-水解物比例：1:10，吸附时间 3 小时，pH 值 8.0，温度 55 °C）和 3 KDa 膜超滤。总之，使用alcalase®/flavzyme®和AK-220活性炭的加工参数有助于获得Fischer比值为9.87的低聚肽，其Fischer比值明显高于原料酪蛋白的F值（p <0.05），有可能用作食品补充剂以提高产品的营养特性。

引用次数: 0

Plant-based milk substitutes as probiotic vehicles: Health effect and survival, a review 作为益生菌载体的植物乳替代品：健康效果和存活率，综述

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2024.100830

Alma Cecilia Domínguez-Murillo, Judith Esmeralda Urías-Silvas

The use of plant extracts or nondairy milk alternatives as a substitute for Cow's milk in the formulation of foods that function as vehicles for the consumption of probiotics has become popular. This substitution aims to formulate food products without lactose, low in fat, and, therefore, low in calories. Additionally, they can enter vegan or vegetarian markets. The use of these vegetable extracts has been explored for the development of probiotic foods that confer health benefits without cow milk allergy. However, few studies support that replacing Cow's milk in these foods allows probiotics to remain viable during storage, survive the digestive tract sufficiently, and reach their colonization site. Additionally, even fewer clinical studies in human or animal model assays have analyzed the impact of probiotic foods formulated with plant extracts.

使用植物提取物或非乳制品替代品作为牛奶的替代品来配制食品，使其成为益生菌的消费载体，这种做法已变得十分流行。这种替代品旨在配制不含乳糖、低脂肪、低热量的食品。此外，它们还可以进入素食或纯素市场。人们一直在探索使用这些蔬菜提取物来开发益生菌食品，在不对牛奶过敏的情况下提供健康益处。然而，很少有研究支持在这些食品中取代牛奶，使益生菌在储存期间保持活力，在消化道中充分存活，并到达其定植点。此外，在人体或动物模型实验中分析用植物提取物配制的益生菌食品的影响的临床研究更是少之又少。

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