Food chemistry advances最新文献_第6页

Production improvement of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) protein hydrolysates through ultrasonic pre-treatment approach: Impact on techno-functional properties and antioxidant activity 超声波预处理法改善喀布尔鹰嘴豆蛋白水解产物的生产：对其工艺功能特性和抗氧化活性的影响

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101175

Deia Tawalbeh , Fisal Ahmad , Muhammad Hussein Alu’datt , Norizah Mhd. Sarbon

Chickpea protein hydrolysis often suffers from low yield and enzyme efficiency, lengthy processing times, and high costs, resulting in peptides that are unable to achieve superior techno-functional properties and antioxidant activity. This study investigated the impact of ultrasonic pre-treatment on enhancing the techno-functional properties and antioxidant activity of Kabuli chickpea protein hydrolysate. The prepared chickpea protein hydrolysate (CPH) was ultrasonic (20 kHz, 50% amplitude, 50°C, 10s, 2s on/off time, and 15 mins) and treated (UCPH). Results show that the UCPH was significantly higher in protein (80%), moisture (4.37%), and ash (7.83%) than untreated ultrasonic pretreatment (CPH). The UCPH also improved the yield (55.41%), degree of hydrolysis (DH) (70.63%), solubility (83.98 to 100%), and antioxidant activity (DPPH: 61.38%, HRSA: 64.46 %, ferrous ion chelating: 60.67%). Nevertheless, no notable distinctions were observed in the amino acid (AA) composition between UCPH and CPH. In addition, FTIR results revealed slight differences in secondary structure when comparing UCPH and CPH. These results suggest that ultrasonic treatment could significantly enhance chickpea protein's techno-functional properties and antioxidant activity, which is helpful for application in nutraceuticals and the food industry, such as functional food ingredients, cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals and therapeutics, animal feed and pet nutrition, and sustainable protein alternatives.

鹰嘴豆蛋白水解通常存在产率低、酶效率低、加工时间长、成本高的问题，导致肽无法获得优越的技术功能特性和抗氧化活性。研究了超声波预处理对提高卡布力鹰嘴豆蛋白水解产物的工艺功能特性和抗氧化活性的影响。制备的鹰嘴豆蛋白水解液（CPH）经超声（20 kHz， 50%振幅，50°C, 10s， 2s开/关时间，15 min）处理（UCPH）。结果表明，与未经超声预处理（CPH）相比，UCPH的蛋白质含量（80%）、水分含量（4.37%）和灰分含量（7.83%）显著提高。UCPH还提高了产率（55.41%）、水解度（DH）（70.63%）、溶解度（83.98 ~ 100%）和抗氧化活性（DPPH: 61.38%, HRSA: 64.46%，铁离子螯合性：60.67%）。然而，在氨基酸（AA）组成方面，UCPH和CPH没有显著差异。此外，FTIR结果显示，在比较UCPH和CPH时，二级结构略有差异。综上所述，超声处理能显著提高鹰嘴豆蛋白的技术功能特性和抗氧化活性，有助于鹰嘴豆蛋白在功能性食品配料、药妆品、保健品和治疗品、动物饲料和宠物营养以及可持续蛋白质替代品等营养食品和食品行业的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of the quality mapping in fish finger Kebab containing freeze-dried saffron petal (Crocus sativus L.) extract 冻干藏红花花瓣提取物炸鱼条串质量图谱的综合分析

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101164

Fatemeh Koushki , Mohsen Mokhtarian , Xiaomeng Wu , An-An Zhang , Hong-Wei Xiao

The demand for ready-to-eat (RTE) foods has risen substantially in recent years. In this study, fish finger kebab (FFK), a popular fish-based RTE, was chosen as the model product. Bioactive compounds were extracted from saffron petals using ultrasound-assisted leaching process (UALP), and the freeze-dried saffron petal extracts (FDSPE) was incorporated into minced fish fillets at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4 %). The optimized UALP parameters (140 W, 45 min, 25°C) achieved an extraction efficiency (TPC/EC₅₀) of around 27.45. Optimization analysis indicated that the highest FFK freshness occurred in samples with approximately 3.65% FDSPE after around 35 storage days at -18°C, corresponding to a pH of 6.22, peroxide value of 13.3 meq O₂/[kg oil], total volatile basic nitrogen of ∼15.72 mg/[100 g], and thiobarbituric acid of ∼0.5 mg MDA/kg. Microbiological analysis showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in total viable count (3.8 %), Staphylococcus aureus (23.5 %), and molds/yeasts (8.27 %) in the treated samples, with no presence of Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Sensory assessment indicated that samples containing 4 % FDSPE achieved superior ratings for appearance, aroma, color, and overall acceptability compared to other treatments. These findings suggest that FDSPE can serve as an effective natural preservative, offering strong potential for application in RTE, particularly FFK.

近年来，对即食食品的需求大幅上升。在本研究中，选择了鱼手指串（FFK）作为模型产品，这是一种流行的鱼类RTE。采用超声辅助浸出法（UALP）从藏红花花瓣中提取生物活性物质，并将冻干藏红花花瓣提取物（FDSPE）以不同浓度（0、1、2、4%）掺入鱼片中。优化后的UALP参数（140 W, 45 min, 25°C）的提取效率（TPC/EC50）约为27.45。优化分析表明，在-18°C条件下保存约35天后，FDSPE约为3.65%的样品的FFK新鲜度最高，对应于pH为6.22，过氧化值为13.3 meq O2/[kg油]，总挥发性碱性氮为~ 15.72 mg/[100 g]，硫代巴比妥酸为~ 0.5 mg MDA/kg。微生物学分析显示，处理过的样品中总活菌数（3.8%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（23.5%）和霉菌/酵母（8.27%）显著减少（p < 0.05），没有沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的存在。感官评估表明，与其他处理相比，含有4% FDSPE的样品在外观，香气，颜色和总体可接受性方面取得了更好的评分。这些发现表明，FDSPE可以作为一种有效的天然防腐剂，在RTE，特别是FFK中具有很大的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary hormetic phytochemicals and cellular resilience: Molecular insights - a review 膳食致热植物化学物质与细胞恢复力：分子见解综述

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101189

Meena Yadav

Dietary phytochemicals or dietary hormetins are bioactive compounds present in plant-based food, which show biphasic response. The diversity, dose and frequency of dietary hormetins regulate their bioavailability. Their hormetic actions include improvement in immune responses, regulation of oxidative stress, reducing inflammaging, slowing down aging and preventing neurodegeneration, among other effects on human physiology. This paper discusses various documented dietary hormetins, their sources and actions. The paper also discusses molecular mechanisms of signaling pathways used by dietary hormetins such as Nrf2 signaling pathway, heat shock protein response, and endoplasmic reticulum response. Human clinical trial studies on dietary hormetins are scarce, creating a huge knowledge gap between theory and practice. This paper aims to bring discussion on dietary hormesis at forefront in scientific community. Dietary hormesis has potential for being natural and evolutionarily conserved path for sustained well-being. Changes in the dietary regimens viz. nutrition-based strategies, could prove instrumental in improving overall health and disease resistance of the population at large, without much investment in medical expenses. Our current understanding about benefits of dietary hormesis is still evolving, paving way for rigorous future studies.

膳食植物化学物质或膳食激素是存在于植物性食物中的生物活性化合物，具有双相反应。膳食激素的多样性、剂量和频率调节着它们的生物利用度。它们的激效作用包括改善免疫反应、调节氧化应激、减少炎症、延缓衰老和防止神经退化，以及对人体生理的其他影响。本文讨论了各种文献记载的膳食激素，它们的来源和作用。本文还讨论了膳食激素信号通路的分子机制，如Nrf2信号通路、热休克蛋白反应和内质网反应。关于膳食激素的人体临床试验研究很少，在理论和实践之间造成了巨大的知识差距。本文旨在引起科学界对饮食激效的讨论。饮食激效有可能成为维持健康的自然和进化上保守的途径。改变饮食习惯，即以营养为基础的战略，可以证明有助于改善全体人民的整体健康和抗病能力，而无需在医疗费用上投入太多资金。我们目前对饮食刺激的好处的理解仍在不断发展，为未来严格的研究铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of sample preparation and analytical procedures on the comprehensive identification and measurement of LC-amenable food contact chemicals migrating from recycled paper food contact materials 样品制备和分析程序对从再生纸食品接触材料迁移的lc适用食品接触化学物质的综合识别和测量的影响

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101170

Athanasios Kourkopoulos , Dick T.H.M. Sijm , Ivan Aloisi , Serena Rizzo , Stefan P.J. van Leeuwen , Misha F. Vrolijk

The chemical safety of food contact materials (FCMs), particularly those made from recycled paper, is a critical concern due to the potential migration of harmful substances into food. This study employed migration and exhaustive extraction methodologies to evaluate the impact of sample preparation techniques, such as evaporation, reconstitution, solvent selection, and injection volumes, on the identification of non-volatile food contact chemicals (FCCs) via liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LCHRMS). Exhaustive extraction recovered a broader range of analytes, capturing compounds under extreme conditions, while migration yielded less pronounced results. However, certain chemicals, such as tributyl phthalate and ethylparaben were more effectively recovered under migration conditions. Direct injection at a 5 μL volume minimized analyte loss, enhancing detection accuracy for key substances such as bisphenols, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and phthalates. Variations in sample preparation methods significantly influenced the extraction of LC-amenable compounds, with reconstitution found to reduce the signal of certain analytes. The inclusion of analytical blanks was critical in identifying and controlling background contamination. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) further revealed distinct profiles between migration and exhaustive extraction samples, highlighting the complementary nature of these approaches. This research supports the development of safer practices in FCM production and hazard analysis.

由于有害物质可能迁移到食品中，食品接触材料（fcm）的化学安全性，特别是由再生纸制成的材料，是一个关键问题。本研究采用迁移和穷尽萃取方法，评估了样品制备技术（如蒸发、重构、溶剂选择和进样量）对液相色谱-高分辨率质谱法（LCHRMS）鉴定非挥发性食品接触化学品（FCCs）的影响。穷尽萃取回收了更广泛的分析物，在极端条件下捕获化合物，而迁移产生的结果不太明显。然而，某些化学品，如邻苯二甲酸三丁酯和对羟基苯甲酸乙酯，在迁移条件下可以更有效地回收。以5 μL的体积直接进样，最大限度地减少了分析物损失，提高了双酚类、全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和邻苯二甲酸盐等关键物质的检测精度。样品制备方法的变化显著影响了lc可适应化合物的提取，重构发现会降低某些分析物的信号。包含分析空白对于识别和控制背景污染至关重要。主成分分析（PCA）进一步揭示了迁移和穷举提取样本之间的不同特征，突出了这些方法的互补性。这项研究支持了FCM生产和危害分析中更安全实践的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of organic and alcoholic elicitors on content and composition of essential oil characters of Lavender for food application 有机和酒精诱导剂对食用薰衣草精油含量和组成特性的影响

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101180

Parvin Mahdavi , Mehrab Yadegari , Sadegh Mousavi-Fard

Lavender (Lavandula officinalis Mill.) is a valuable species widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. This study assessed the effects of organic (chitosan, salicylic acid, phenylalanine) and alcoholic (methanol, ethanol, acetone) elicitors on the essential oil yield, composition, and morpho-physiological characters of L. officinalis to identify the most effective treatment. A two-year field experiment employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, including controls. Elicitor treatments consistently and significantly enhanced key characters. The 0.25 g L⁻¹ chitosan treatment produced the highest essential oil content and yield (1.47 % and 99.36 kg ha⁻¹, respectively), representing a > 15 % increase in content and a > 300 % increase in yield over the control. Twenty-two components were identified, with nine key compounds (e.g., linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor) collectively constituting over 60 % of the oil. Chitosan (0.25 g L⁻¹) and phenylalanine (1000 mg L⁻¹) were the most effective elicitors, increasing the concentration of major monoterpenes by 8–33 % compared to the control. Given the low cost of these elicitors and the significant enhancements in both the quantity and quality of essential oil, their application is a commercially viable strategy for improving lavender production under similar agricultural conditions.

薰衣草（Lavandula officinalis Mill.）是一种广泛应用于食品和制药工业的珍贵物种。本研究考察了有机（壳聚糖、水杨酸、苯丙氨酸）和酒精（甲醇、乙醇、丙酮）激发剂对马尾松挥发油收率、组成和形态生理特性的影响，以确定最有效的处理方法。一项为期两年的现场试验采用随机完全块设计（RCBD），有三个重复，包括对照组。激发剂处理持续显著提高关键性状。0.25 g L−1壳聚糖处理的挥发油含量和产量最高（分别为1.47%和99.36 kg ha−1），与对照相比，挥发油含量和产量分别提高了15%和300%。鉴定出22种成分，其中9种关键化合物（如芳樟醇、醋酸芳樟醇、樟脑）占油的60%以上。壳聚糖（0.25 g L−1）和苯丙氨酸（1000 mg L−1）是最有效的激发剂，与对照相比，主要单萜的浓度增加了8 - 33%。考虑到这些萃取剂的低成本和精油的数量和质量的显著提高，它们的应用是在类似农业条件下提高薰衣草产量的商业上可行的策略。

{"title":"Effects of organic and alcoholic elicitors on content and composition of essential oil characters of Lavender for food application","authors":"Parvin Mahdavi , Mehrab Yadegari , Sadegh Mousavi-Fard","doi":"10.1016/j.focha.2025.101180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focha.2025.101180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lavender (<em>Lavandula officinalis</em> Mill.) is a valuable species widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. This study assessed the effects of organic (chitosan, salicylic acid, phenylalanine) and alcoholic (methanol, ethanol, acetone) elicitors on the essential oil yield, composition, and morpho-physiological characters of L. <em>officinalis</em> to identify the most effective treatment. A two-year field experiment employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, including controls. Elicitor treatments consistently and significantly enhanced key characters. The 0.25 g <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup> chitosan treatment produced the highest essential oil content and yield (1.47 % and 99.36 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, respectively), representing <em>a</em> > 15 % increase in content and <em>a</em> > 300 % increase in yield over the control. Twenty-two components were identified, with nine key compounds (e.g., linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor) collectively constituting over 60 % of the oil. Chitosan (0.25 g <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) and phenylalanine (1000 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) were the most effective elicitors, increasing the concentration of major monoterpenes by 8–33 % compared to the control. Given the low cost of these elicitors and the significant enhancements in both the quantity and quality of essential oil, their application is a commercially viable strategy for improving lavender production under similar agricultural conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73040,"journal":{"name":"Food chemistry advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 101180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physicochemical characterization and antidiabetic potential of the food formulation from Momordica balsamina leaf and Vigna subterranea seed in dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance rats 地塞米松诱导胰岛素抵抗大鼠的苦瓜叶和苦瓜籽食品配方理化特性及降糖作用

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101173

Daniel Maiwé , Aboubakar , David Miaffo

Momordica balsamina is a plant widely distributed in Africa and is used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. Vigna subterranea is a legume, widely cultivated in sub-Saharan Africa and used for its nutritional and therapeutic properties. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of the food formulations from M. balsamina leaves and V. subterranea seeds (FF) in insulin-resistant rats. Insulin resistance was induced in male rats by subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) one hour after pretreatment with metformin (Glucophage) and FF1: 40/60(%), FF2: 60/40(%), and FF3: 50/50(%). Body weight, glycemia, insulinemia, food intake, water consumption, glycogen, hepatic enzymes, lipid and oxidative profile, and hepatorenal markers were assessed. FF3 and metformin (Glucophage) significantly increased body weight and decreased food and water intake. Anti-atherogenic and HOMA-IR indices, ALT, AST, glucose-6-phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, and glucose, insulin, cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced in insulin-resistant rats fed with various FF. There was also a significant increase in glucokinase, CAT and SOD activities, as well as glycogen, HDL-c, reduced glutathione, creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels. FF exerts an antidiabetic effect by reducing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, and by protecting the kidneys, liver, and heart from injury.

苦瓜（Momordica balsamina）是一种广泛分布在非洲的植物，在传统医学中用于治疗糖尿病。地下维格纳是一种豆科植物，在撒哈拉以南非洲广泛种植，并因其营养和治疗特性而被使用。本研究旨在评价香草叶和地下香草籽（FF）食物配方对胰岛素抵抗大鼠的影响。二甲双胍（Glucophage）与FF1∶40/60（%）、FF2∶60/40（%）、FF3∶50/50（%）预处理1 h后皮下注射地塞米松（1 mg/kg）诱导雄性大鼠胰岛素抵抗。评估体重、血糖、胰岛素血症、食物摄入、水消耗、糖原、肝酶、脂质和氧化谱以及肝肾标志物。FF3和二甲双胍（Glucophage）显著增加体重，减少食物和水的摄入量。饲喂不同种类FF后，胰岛素抵抗大鼠的抗动脉粥样硬化和HOMA-IR指标、ALT、AST、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶和葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性以及葡萄糖、胰岛素、胆固醇、LDL-c、甘油三酯、一氧化氮和丙二醛水平均显著降低。葡萄糖激酶、CAT和SOD活性以及糖原、HDL-c、还原性谷胱甘肽、肌酐、尿素和尿酸水平也显著增加。FF通过降低高血糖和高脂血症，保护肾脏、肝脏和心脏免受损伤，发挥抗糖尿病作用。

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引用次数: 0

High pressure processing of sweet corn milk yogurt: A plant-based probiotic carrier with enhanced stability 玉米甜乳酸奶高压加工：一种稳定性增强的植物性益生菌载体

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101174

Pittaya Chaikham , Suttipong Yutsapremanon , Sasitorn Baipong , Young Hoon Jung , Wanli Zhang , Sarisa Suriyarak , Saroat Rawdkuen , Samart Sai-Ut , Sani Jirasatid

Sweet corn milk yogurt represents a promising plant-based matrix for probiotic delivery, but maintaining microbial viability and product quality remains a challenge. High-pressure processing (HPP) offers a non-thermal approach to improve stability. This study examined the effects of HPP at 100–300 MPa for 10 min on probiotic survival, physicochemical quality, and storage stability of sweet corn milk yogurt fortified with Lacticaseibacillus casei 01, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. Probiotic counts were monitored during simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion and 6 weeks of refrigerated storage (4 °C). All strains declined significantly at ≥200 MPa, with the greatest reduction at 300 MPa (p ≤ 0.05). Among the tested microbes, L. casei 01 exhibited higher tolerance to GI conditions, although survival decreased with increasing pressure. Yogurt processed at 100 MPa maintained viable probiotic levels above 7 log CFU/g, with only slight changes in pH, titratable acidity, sugar content, and browning index. Moderate syneresis and viscosity reduction were also observed. In contrast, higher pressures negatively affected microbial viability and texture. Overall, HPP at 100 MPa was most effective in preserving probiotic viability and yogurt quality, supporting its application as a viable method to extend shelf life and enhance functionality of plant-based probiotic products.

甜玉米乳酸奶代表了一种很有前途的植物基益生菌基质，但保持微生物活力和产品质量仍然是一个挑战。高压处理（HPP）提供了一种非热的方法来提高稳定性。本研究考察了HPP在100-300 MPa下发酵10 min对添加干酪乳杆菌01、嗜热链球菌和德尔布鲁氏乳杆菌亚种的甜玉米乳酸奶益生菌存活、理化品质和储存稳定性的影响。发酵剂。保加利亚在模拟胃肠道（GI）消化和6周冷藏（4°C）期间监测益生菌计数。所有菌株在≥200 MPa时均显著下降，其中300 MPa时下降幅度最大（p≤0.05）。在所测试的微生物中，干酪乳杆菌01对胃肠道条件表现出更高的耐受性，尽管存活率随着压力的增加而下降。在100 MPa下加工的酸奶中，益生菌的活性水平维持在7 log CFU/g以上，pH、可滴定酸度、糖含量和褐变指数仅发生轻微变化。还观察到适度的增效作用和粘度降低。相反，较高的压力对微生物活力和结构产生负面影响。总体而言，100 MPa下的HPP在保持益生菌活力和酸奶质量方面最有效，支持其作为延长植物性益生菌产品保质期和增强功能的可行方法的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Relative modulatory potential of quercetin, catechin, silymarin and genistein on cellular antioxidant system and liver histology during gentamicin-induced acute toxicity in rats 槲皮素、儿茶素、水飞蓟素和染料木素对庆大霉素急性毒性大鼠细胞抗氧化系统和肝脏组织的相对调节作用

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101169

Pawan K Verma , Bhawani Singh , Priyanka Sharma , Sheen Tukra , Shilpa Sood , Biswajit Brahma , Gholamreza Abdi , Zuhaib F. Bhat

The study aimed to determine the modulatory potential of different phytochemicals (quercetin, catechin, silymarin and genistein) on the hepatic antioxidant system and histology during acute toxicity induced by gentamicin (GEN) in rats. Adult Wistar rats (n = 66) were randomly allocated to eleven groups. Administration of GEN increased (p < 0.05) plasma activities of AST, ALT, GGT and ALP in a dose-dependent manner, indicating acute hepatic dysfunctions in rats. It also increased (p < 0.05) levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) in hepatic tissues and reduced total antioxidant status (TAS), total thiols (TTH), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, indicating intensity of hepatic damage. These observations accompanied various histopathological changes such as infiltration of inflammatory cells in the vicinity of severely atrophied hepatocytes, degenerative changes, vacuolar degeneration or complete loss of parenchyma in the liver in a dose-dependent manner. The concurrent exposure of phytochemicals along with GEN significantly (p < 0.05) reduced hepatic tissue damage as indicated by reduced levels of MDA and AOPP in hepatic tissue and improved hepatic antioxidant system and hepatocellular architecture. Overall, silymarin and quercetin showed better effects than catechin and genistein in reducing hepatic dysfunctions induced by GEN in rats.

本研究旨在探讨槲皮素、儿茶素、水飞蓟素和染料木素等不同植物化学物质对庆大霉素（GEN）急性中毒大鼠肝脏抗氧化系统和组织学的调节作用。成年Wistar大鼠66只，随机分为11组。给药后血浆AST、ALT、GGT和ALP活性呈剂量依赖性升高（p < 0.05），提示大鼠出现急性肝功能障碍。肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）和高级氧化蛋白产物（AOPP）水平升高（p < 0.05），总抗氧化状态（TAS）、总硫醇（TTH）、还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性降低（p < 0.05），表明肝损伤的强度。这些观察结果伴随着各种组织病理学变化，如严重萎缩肝细胞附近的炎症细胞浸润，退行性改变，空泡变性或肝脏实质完全丧失，以剂量依赖的方式。同时暴露于植物化学物质和GEN显著（p < 0.05）减轻肝组织损伤，肝组织中MDA和AOPP水平降低，肝抗氧化系统和肝细胞结构改善。综上所述，水飞蓟素和槲皮素在减轻GEN致大鼠肝功能障碍方面的作用优于儿茶素和染料木素。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the antidiabetic properties of microencapsulated phenolic compounds from Peganum harmala in alloxan-induced diabetic Balb/c mice 四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠Balb/c的抗糖尿病作用

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101166

Zahra Kadkhoda Mezerji , Maryam Nezami , Afagh sadeghizadeh , Seyedeh Negin Sadat Madarshahi , Seyedeh Arghavan Amini , Mahsa Rastegar Moghaddam Poorbagher , Negin Shafaei , Ehsan Karimi , Ehsan Oskoueian

Diabetes mellitus is a complex hormonal disorder marked by high blood sugar, resulting from inadequate insulin secretion, pancreatic β cell damage, or insulin resistance. With over 400 million affected globally, it has reached epidemic proportions. This study explores the microencapsulation of phenolic-rich fractions of Peganum harmala (PRF-PH) and their impact on diabetic mice induced with alloxan, highlighting potential improvement in treatment efficacy. Analysis showed that synthesized microcapsules have a spherical shape with an average diameter of 375 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.37. Administering PRF-PH at 100 mg/kg significantly improved weight gain and feed intake in diabetic mice (p < 0.05). PRF-PH treatment also normalized blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, and liver enzyme activities (p < 0.05). There was an increase in catalase (CAT) expression and a decrease in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, along with increased glucose transporters GLUT-2 and GLUT-4 (p ≤ 0.05). These findings suggest that PRF-PH may alleviate symptoms of alloxan-induced diabetes and could serve as a potential dietary supplement for diabetes management.

糖尿病是一种以高血糖为特征的复杂激素紊乱，由胰岛素分泌不足、胰腺β细胞损伤或胰岛素抵抗引起。全球有4亿多人受到影响，已达到流行病的程度。本研究探讨了富酚组分槟榔（Peganum harmala, PRF-PH）的微胶囊化及其对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠的影响，强调了其治疗效果的潜在改善。分析表明，合成的微胶囊呈球形，平均直径为375 nm，多分散性指数为0.37。给药100 mg/kg的PRF-PH显著提高了糖尿病小鼠的增重和采食量（p < 0.05）。PRF-PH治疗也使血糖水平、血脂和肝酶活性正常化（p < 0.05）。过氧化氢酶（CAT）表达升高，诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）表达降低，葡萄糖转运体GLUT-2和GLUT-4表达升高（p≤0.05）。这些发现表明，PRF-PH可能减轻四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病症状，并可能作为糖尿病管理的潜在膳食补充剂。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of ultrasound-assisted extraction and deep eutectic solvent for enhanced recovery of bioactive compounds: Innovative green approach 超声辅助萃取和深度共熔溶剂的结合，提高生物活性化合物的回收率：创新的绿色方法

Food chemistry advances

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.focha.2025.101153

Monika Roy , Piyush Kashyap , Kshirod Kumar Dash , Rafeeya Shams , G.V.S. BhagyaRaj , Shaikh Ayaz Mukarram , Béla Kovács

The use of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) in conjunction with advanced extraction techniques, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), can significantly enhance the effectiveness, specificity, and environmental friendliness of extraction procedures. Ultrasound can induce cavitation and microstreaming in the DES, which facilitates the solvent's penetration of the matrix and the liberation of target compound from solid substrates. This augmented mass transfer can result in increased extraction yields and shorter extraction times compared to traditional approaches. DESs are environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to traditional solvents due to their ability to degrade naturally, low toxicity levels, and renewable constituents. This review analyzes the process of extracting bioactive compounds from agro-industrial food waste using eco-friendly solvents and the integration of UAE and DESs for their enhanced recovery. Additionally, it encompassed the utilization of UAE and DESs to enhance the beneficial properties of bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants, antimicrobials, and antibacterial agents, as well as the potential viability of using these emerging solvents with UAE for the extraction process. Therefore, by leveraging the distinctive characteristics of DESs and the mechanical impact of ultrasound, this combined method can transform the extraction process, enabling the creation of environmentally friendly and effective extraction methods for food processing.

深层共晶溶剂（DESs）与超声辅助提取（UAE）等先进提取技术相结合，可以显著提高提取过程的有效性、特异性和环境友好性。超声波可以在DES中诱导空化和微流，这有利于溶剂穿透基体，使目标化合物从固体基质中解放出来。与传统方法相比，这种增强的传质可以提高提取收率，缩短提取时间。由于其自然降解能力、低毒性水平和可再生成分，DESs是传统溶剂的环保和可持续替代品。本文综述了利用环保型溶剂从农业工业食品垃圾中提取生物活性化合物的工艺，以及阿联酋和DESs的结合提高其回收率的方法。此外，它还包括利用UAE和DESs来增强生物活性化合物的有益特性，如抗氧化剂、抗菌剂和抗菌剂，以及将这些新兴溶剂与UAE一起用于提取过程的潜在可行性。因此，通过利用DESs的独特特性和超声波的机械影响，这种组合方法可以改变提取过程，从而为食品加工创造环保有效的提取方法。

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