With the introduction of the internal market the health service is changing rapidly and health libraries must change with it. Many libraries are requested to cost their services. The demand comes from external customers and from their own organizations. This paper discusses the various reasons for costing services and how costing information can influence our management decision making. The paper challenges librarians to move costing processes away from a mechanistic approach, towards a means of demonstrating the worth of a library resources unit in cost and qualitative terms. Using costing information for cost control purposes, comparison of cost with other providers, setting prices or determining future service delivery levels is discussed, as well as considering the question of external provision of library services. Use of information on fixed and variable costs and assessing break-even levels of service provision is illustrated as a helpful guide to library survival.
{"title":"How much should it cost? An introduction to management use of costing information.","authors":"L Cooper","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the introduction of the internal market the health service is changing rapidly and health libraries must change with it. Many libraries are requested to cost their services. The demand comes from external customers and from their own organizations. This paper discusses the various reasons for costing services and how costing information can influence our management decision making. The paper challenges librarians to move costing processes away from a mechanistic approach, towards a means of demonstrating the worth of a library resources unit in cost and qualitative terms. Using costing information for cost control purposes, comparison of cost with other providers, setting prices or determining future service delivery levels is discussed, as well as considering the question of external provision of library services. Use of information on fixed and variable costs and assessing break-even levels of service provision is illustrated as a helpful guide to library survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 4","pages":"209-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21048184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-01DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.09898_14_4.X
M. Forrest, A. Cawasjee
In the present climate libraries have to adopt a business approach to funding submissions; detailed management information must be produced in support of expenditure and to ensure that the services are cost-effective. In addition to the grant from its parent body (the Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford), the Cairns Library obtains funding from five other bodies, including National Health Service Hospital Trusts. The Cairns Library has introduced an ongoing costing exercise covering the different services. The costs are divided into three categories: salary costs, other direct costs and indirect costs. Staff time has been identified from detailed time-sheets kept by each member of staff; the time recorded is assigned to the individual services. The direct costs and the indirect costs have been identified and allocated/apportioned similarly. The services are divided into five packages: core, current awareness, document delivery, enquiries and user education. The costs for each package have been apportioned to the funding bodies on the basis of the number of registered users from each body.
{"title":"Costing the library services. Cairns Library: a case study","authors":"M. Forrest, A. Cawasjee","doi":"10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.09898_14_4.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.09898_14_4.X","url":null,"abstract":"In the present climate libraries have to adopt a business approach to funding submissions; detailed management information must be produced in support of expenditure and to ensure that the services are cost-effective. In addition to the grant from its parent body (the Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford), the Cairns Library obtains funding from five other bodies, including National Health Service Hospital Trusts. The Cairns Library has introduced an ongoing costing exercise covering the different services. The costs are divided into three categories: salary costs, other direct costs and indirect costs. Staff time has been identified from detailed time-sheets kept by each member of staff; the time recorded is assigned to the individual services. The direct costs and the indirect costs have been identified and allocated/apportioned similarly. The services are divided into five packages: core, current awareness, document delivery, enquiries and user education. The costs for each package have been apportioned to the funding bodies on the basis of the number of registered users from each body.","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 1","pages":"219-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.09898_14_4.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57965479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reports on the findings of research conducted by the Department of Information and Library Management and the Information Services Department at the University of Northumbria at Newcastle on behalf of the LINC Health Panel. It aims to investigate the organization and funding of library and information services to the nursing profession since the move of nurse education into higher education. The paper focuses on the lack of co-operation and communication between the National Health Service and higher education cultures in the provision of services to nurses. A brief review of the literature includes the views of experts in the field on library and information services and education for nurses as they are now, and ideas for possible developments for the future. This is followed by a description of the main research findings and the five key issues identified by information professionals in a questionnaire survey as vital for future consideration and action. Finally, the conclusions drawn from the findings have been developed into recommendations for the direction of the future discussion, research and action which is needed to further improve library and information services for all nurses.
{"title":"Library and information services to support the education and development of nurses: the management of co-operation and change--a clash of two cultures?","authors":"S Capel, L Banwell, G Walton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reports on the findings of research conducted by the Department of Information and Library Management and the Information Services Department at the University of Northumbria at Newcastle on behalf of the LINC Health Panel. It aims to investigate the organization and funding of library and information services to the nursing profession since the move of nurse education into higher education. The paper focuses on the lack of co-operation and communication between the National Health Service and higher education cultures in the provision of services to nurses. A brief review of the literature includes the views of experts in the field on library and information services and education for nurses as they are now, and ideas for possible developments for the future. This is followed by a description of the main research findings and the five key issues identified by information professionals in a questionnaire survey as vital for future consideration and action. Finally, the conclusions drawn from the findings have been developed into recommendations for the direction of the future discussion, research and action which is needed to further improve library and information services for all nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 4","pages":"233-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21049340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present climate libraries have to adopt a business approach to funding submissions; detailed management information must be produced in support of expenditure and to ensure that the services are cost-effective. In addition to the grant from its parent body (the Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford), the Cairns Library obtains funding from five other bodies, including National Health Service Hospital Trusts. The Cairns Library has introduced an ongoing costing exercise covering the different services. The costs are divided into three categories: salary costs, other direct costs and indirect costs. Staff time has been identified from detailed time-sheets kept by each member of staff; the time recorded is assigned to the individual services. The direct costs and the indirect costs have been identified and allocated/apportioned similarly. The services are divided into five packages: core, current awareness, document delivery, enquiries and user education. The costs for each package have been apportioned to the funding bodies on the basis of the number of registered users from each body.
{"title":"Costing the library services. Cairns Library: a case study.","authors":"M Forrest, A M Cawasjee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present climate libraries have to adopt a business approach to funding submissions; detailed management information must be produced in support of expenditure and to ensure that the services are cost-effective. In addition to the grant from its parent body (the Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford), the Cairns Library obtains funding from five other bodies, including National Health Service Hospital Trusts. The Cairns Library has introduced an ongoing costing exercise covering the different services. The costs are divided into three categories: salary costs, other direct costs and indirect costs. Staff time has been identified from detailed time-sheets kept by each member of staff; the time recorded is assigned to the individual services. The direct costs and the indirect costs have been identified and allocated/apportioned similarly. The services are divided into five packages: core, current awareness, document delivery, enquiries and user education. The costs for each package have been apportioned to the funding bodies on the basis of the number of registered users from each body.</p>","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 4","pages":"219-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21049339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective use of health care information.","authors":"P Merry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 4","pages":"201-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21048183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-01DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.112112_14_4.X
L. Cooper
With the introduction of the internal market the health service is changing rapidly and health libraries must change with it. Many libraries are requested to cost their services. The demand comes from external customers and from their own organizations. This paper discusses the various reasons for costing services and how costing information can influence our management decision making. The paper challenges librarians to move costing processes away from a mechanistic approach, towards a means of demonstrating the worth of a library resources unit in cost and qualitative terms. Using costing information for cost control purposes, comparison of cost with other providers, setting prices or determining future service delivery levels is discussed, as well as considering the question of external provision of library services. Use of information on fixed and variable costs and assessing break-even levels of service provision is illustrated as a helpful guide to library survival.
{"title":"How much should it cost? An introduction to management use of costing information.","authors":"L. Cooper","doi":"10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.112112_14_4.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.112112_14_4.X","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction of the internal market the health service is changing rapidly and health libraries must change with it. Many libraries are requested to cost their services. The demand comes from external customers and from their own organizations. This paper discusses the various reasons for costing services and how costing information can influence our management decision making. The paper challenges librarians to move costing processes away from a mechanistic approach, towards a means of demonstrating the worth of a library resources unit in cost and qualitative terms. Using costing information for cost control purposes, comparison of cost with other providers, setting prices or determining future service delivery levels is discussed, as well as considering the question of external provision of library services. Use of information on fixed and variable costs and assessing break-even levels of service provision is illustrated as a helpful guide to library survival.","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 4 1","pages":"209-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.112112_14_4.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57965177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430133.X
L. Morton, P. Bonnett
{"title":"Holding fast to traditional skills in an environment of change","authors":"L. Morton, P. Bonnett","doi":"10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430133.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430133.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 1","pages":"133-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430133.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57966503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2532.1997.09393.x
E. Freeman
In March this year I retired after a library career spent almost entirely in one institution. From this limited experience I hope to draw examples of changes in the library world, and their consequences, which I believe have general application.
{"title":"From gentleman's club to the marketplace: the library experience*","authors":"E. Freeman","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2532.1997.09393.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2532.1997.09393.x","url":null,"abstract":"In March this year I retired after a library career spent almost entirely in one institution. From this limited experience I hope to draw examples of changes in the library world, and their consequences, which I believe have general application.","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 1","pages":"135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1365-2532.1997.09393.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57965145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430167.X
R. Snowball
The three- or four-part clinical question, developed by Dr Scott Richardson for work in evidence-based health care, is used at the Cairns Library in Oxford to further develop traditional teaching of search preparation for database search training. The process of setting a clear search question, breaking it into search concepts, and then trying out a range of search terms for each major concept, fits elegantly into the framework of the clinical question, with its ‘anatomy’ of Patient/Problem, Intervention/Exposure (two for a comparison search), and Clinical Outcomes. It forces searchers to produce or refine a complete question if they do not have one already, and then to build up a search strategy, using free text or controlled vocabulary search terms, truncation or wildcards, Boolean operators and so on, in stages appropriate to need and to the specific learning situation, which can be ‘tested’ in the search, and refined. It is therefore a flexible teaching and learning tool, which can be used prior to and during searching. It enables user education to focus on fostering system-independent, transferable conceptual skills, rather than teaching particular databases in isolation, and it lends itself to using active learning strategies in information skills training.
{"title":"Using the clinical question to teach search strategy: fostering transferable conceptual skills in user education by active learning","authors":"R. Snowball","doi":"10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430167.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430167.X","url":null,"abstract":"The three- or four-part clinical question, developed by Dr Scott Richardson for work in evidence-based health care, is used at the Cairns Library in Oxford to further develop traditional teaching of search preparation for database search training. The process of setting a clear search question, breaking it into search concepts, and then trying out a range of search terms for each major concept, fits elegantly into the framework of the clinical question, with its ‘anatomy’ of Patient/Problem, Intervention/Exposure (two for a comparison search), and Clinical Outcomes. It forces searchers to produce or refine a complete question if they do not have one already, and then to build up a search strategy, using free text or controlled vocabulary search terms, truncation or wildcards, Boolean operators and so on, in stages appropriate to need and to the specific learning situation, which can be ‘tested’ in the search, and refined. It is therefore a flexible teaching and learning tool, which can be used prior to and during searching. It enables user education to focus on fostering system-independent, transferable conceptual skills, rather than teaching particular databases in isolation, and it lends itself to using active learning strategies in information skills training.","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 1","pages":"167-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430167.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57966651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-09-01DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430173.X
K. Donaldson, D. Mackay
The strategic issues and practical challenges involved in creating a World Wide Web health information service are discussed with particular reference to HEBSWeb, the World Wide Web site of the Health Education Board for Scotland(HEBS). The outcomes of the project and possible future developments are presented.
{"title":"HEBSWeb: creating a World Wide Web health information service","authors":"K. Donaldson, D. Mackay","doi":"10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430173.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430173.X","url":null,"abstract":"The strategic issues and practical challenges involved in creating a World Wide Web health information service are discussed with particular reference to HEBSWeb, the World Wide Web site of the Health Education Board for Scotland(HEBS). The outcomes of the project and possible future developments are presented.","PeriodicalId":73211,"journal":{"name":"Health libraries review","volume":"14 1","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/J.1365-2532.1997.1430173.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57966671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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