Health sciences review (Oxford, England)最新文献_第4页

“Impact of Vitamin C on Plasma Levels of Lipoprotein(a), Interleukin-6, and Fibrinolytic Activity” : A systematic review “维生素C对血浆脂蛋白(a)、白细胞介素-6和纤溶活性水平的影响”：一篇系统综述

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100230

Chetan Sharma, Dr. Claire Williams

Ischemic heart disease remains a leading cause of global mortality, primarily attributed to atherosclerosis-induced blockage in the coronary arteries. A key contributor to atherosclerosis is the accumulation of lipoprotein(a), which functions akin to vitamin C in vascular matrix healing. Elevated lipoprotein(a) levels correlate with increased Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reduced fibrinolytic activities, further exacerbating atherosclerosis. This review aims to elucidate whether vitamin C supplementation mitigates lipoprotein(a) levels, and IL-6 expression, and enhances fibrinolytic activities in both humans (CAD patients, type 2 diabetic patients, and healthy adults) and animal models ( sepsis model of rats, transgenic mice, and wild type rats). A systematic search of Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases was conducted up to December 31, 2022, employing predefined selection criteria and a comprehensive search strategy. Of the 539 articles identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria, comprising 4 animal and 7 human studies. Animal trials demonstrated favorable outcomes with vitamin C supplementation, showing reductions in plasma lipoprotein(a) levels and decreased aortic accumulation of lp(a). Additionally, animals supplemented with vitamin C exhibited lower IL-6 production and enhanced fibrinolysis. Conversely, human studies reported no significant change in plasma lipoprotein(a) levels post-vitamin C supplementation (doses ranging from 500 mg to 4500 mg/day) in coronary artery disease (CAD) and healthy cohorts. However, supplementation did reduce serum IL-6 levels and increase fibrinolytic activities in both CAD and diabetic patients at doses between 1000 mg and 2000 mg of ascorbic acid. Vitamin C deficiency is prevalent among atherosclerosis patients, prompting lipoprotein(a) accumulation to counter intravascular scurvy in the absence of ascorbic acid. This review underscores the positive effects of vitamin C on atherosclerosis-associated factors, including lipoprotein(a), IL-6, and fibrinolytic activities. Optimal benefits are observed within the range of 1000 mg to 2000 mg/day, with higher doses conferring no additional advantages.

缺血性心脏病仍然是全球死亡的主要原因，主要归因于动脉粥样硬化引起的冠状动脉阻塞。动脉粥样硬化的一个关键因素是脂蛋白(A)的积累，其功能类似于维生素C在血管基质愈合中的作用。脂蛋白(a)水平升高与白细胞介素-6 （IL-6）升高和纤溶活性降低相关，进一步加剧动脉粥样硬化。本综述旨在阐明补充维生素C是否可以减轻人类（CAD患者、2型糖尿病患者和健康成人）和动物模型（大鼠败血症模型、转基因小鼠和野生型大鼠）的脂蛋白(a)水平和IL-6表达，并增强纤维蛋白溶解活性。系统检索Pubmed、Cochrane Library和谷歌Scholar数据库，截止到2022年12月31日，采用预定义的选择标准和综合检索策略。在确定的539篇文章中，11篇符合纳入标准，包括4篇动物研究和7篇人类研究。动物试验显示补充维生素C的良好效果，显示血浆脂蛋白(a)水平降低和主动脉脂蛋白积累(a)减少。此外，补充维生素C的动物表现出较低的IL-6产生和增强的纤维蛋白溶解。相反，人体研究报告，在冠状动脉疾病（CAD）和健康人群中，补充维生素C（剂量范围从500毫克到4500毫克/天）后，血浆脂蛋白(a)水平没有显著变化。然而，在CAD和糖尿病患者中，1000mg和2000mg抗坏血酸的补充确实降低了血清IL-6水平，增加了纤维蛋白溶解活性。维生素C缺乏在动脉粥样硬化患者中很普遍，在缺乏抗坏血酸的情况下，促使脂蛋白(a)积累以对抗血管内坏血病。这篇综述强调了维生素C对动脉粥样硬化相关因子的积极作用，包括脂蛋白(a)、IL-6和纤溶活性。在1000毫克至2000毫克/天的范围内观察到最佳益处，更高的剂量没有额外的好处。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of pilates training on vaginal delivery outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis 普拉提训练对阴道分娩结果的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100231

Sella Zenitasari , Pipit Pitriani , Eugenius Phyowai Ganap

Labor pain and prolonged labor duration influence maternal well-being and birth experiences. Prenatal exercise has been widely recognized as a beneficial intervention to support maternal health and labor outcomes. Pilates, which focuses on improving core strength, flexibility, and body awareness, may contribute to reducing pain intensity and labor duration during vaginal delivery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Pilates training on labor pain and the duration of labor. A comprehensive search was conducted by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews-Meta-Analysis) guidelines across PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus up to January 2, 2024, including randomized controlled trials and cohort studies published between 2001 and 2023 in English or Indonesian. The primary outcome was labor pain measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the secondary outcome was total labor duration. A total of five studies involving 409 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis of three studies showed that Pilates significantly reduced labor pain (Mean Difference:1.13, 95 % CI:1.64 to - 0.61), though moderate heterogeneity was observed (I² = 68 %). Regarding labor duration, Pilates was associated with a substantial reduction (Mean Difference:97.84 min, 95 % CI:136.70 to -58.98) with negligible heterogeneity (I² = 0 %). However, moderate heterogeneity in pain reduction outcomes (I² = 68 %) suggests study variability, indicating a need for further research.

分娩疼痛和分娩时间延长影响产妇的健康和分娩体验。产前锻炼已被广泛认为是支持孕产妇健康和分娩结果的有益干预措施。普拉提侧重于提高核心力量、柔韧性和身体意识，可能有助于减少阴道分娩时的疼痛强度和分娩时间。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估普拉提训练对分娩疼痛和分娩持续时间的影响。通过PRISMA（系统评价-荟萃分析首选报告项目）指南在PubMed， ScienceDirect和Scopus中进行了全面搜索，截至2024年1月2日，包括2001年至2023年间以英语或印尼语发表的随机对照试验和队列研究。主要结果是使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）测量分娩疼痛，次要结果是总分娩时间。共有5项涉及409名受试者的研究符合纳入标准。三项研究的汇总分析显示，普拉提显著减轻了分娩疼痛（平均差异：1.13,95% CI:1.64至- 0.61），尽管观察到中度异质性（I²= 68%）。关于分娩时间，普拉提与显著减少相关（平均差异：97.84分钟，95% CI:136.70至-58.98），异质性可忽略不计（I²= 0%）。然而，疼痛减轻结果的中度异质性（I²= 68%）表明研究存在可变性，需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor on metabolic syndrome in people with prediabetes and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂对糖尿病前期和肥胖症患者代谢综合征的影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100229

Sadia Bari , Afroza Rahman , Md Anwar Hossen , KM Saif-Ur-Rahman

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), offering benefits that extend beyond glycaemic control. This systematic review aims to examine the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on metabolic syndrome in individuals with prediabetes and obesity. We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (Core Collection), and Scopus. Title and abstract screening, data extraction, and risk of bias (ROB) assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. ROB was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.

Our meta-analysis did not show statistically significant reductions in body weight (mean difference: –3.05 kg; 95 % CI: –8.18 to 2.09), BMI (mean difference: –1.43 kg/m²; 95 % CI: –4.11 to 1.25), systolic blood pressure (mean difference: –2.12 mmHg; 95 % CI: –7.39 to 3.16), or diastolic blood pressure (mean difference: –1.04 mmHg; 95 % CI: –5.07 to 2.99) with dapagliflozin. However, a reduction was observed in fasting plasma glucose (mean difference: –0.47 mmol/L; 95 % CI: –0.90 to –0.05).

Although current findings suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin) may have little to no impact on individual components of metabolic syndrome, the evidence remains limited. Further well-powered clinical trials are warranted to validate these observations. Future research should focus on comparing the efficacy of different SGLT2 inhibitors and exploring their potential synergistic effects when combined with other pharmacological agents in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2 （SGLT2）抑制剂已成为治疗2型糖尿病（T2DM）的一种新方法，其益处超出了血糖控制。本系统综述旨在研究SGLT2抑制剂对糖尿病前期和肥胖个体代谢综合征的影响。我们在PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、Web of Science （Core Collection）和Scopus中进行了全面的检索。标题和摘要筛选、数据提取和偏倚风险（ROB）评估由两位审稿人独立完成。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估ROB。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。我们的荟萃分析没有显示体重有统计学意义的减少(平均差异：-3.05 kg；95% CI: -8.18至2.09)，BMI(平均差：-1.43 kg/m²；95% CI: -4.11 ~ 1.25)，收缩压(平均差值：-2.12 mmHg；95% CI: -7.39 ~ 3.16)或舒张压(平均差值：-1.04 mmHg；95% CI: -5.07 - 2.99)。然而，空腹血糖降低(平均差值：-0.47 mmol/L；95% CI: -0.90 ~ -0.05)。尽管目前的研究结果表明SGLT2抑制剂（达格列净）可能对代谢综合征的个体成分几乎没有影响，但证据仍然有限。需要进一步的临床试验来验证这些观察结果。未来的研究应侧重于比较不同SGLT2抑制剂的疗效，并探索其与其他药物联合治疗代谢综合征的潜在协同作用。

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引用次数: 0

"Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA): A key driver of tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and prognosis across gastrointestinal malignancies” 染色体外环状DNA (eccDNA)：胃肠道恶性肿瘤发生、耐药和预后的关键驱动因素

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100228

Muhammad Osama , Sarosh Ali , Aishah Binte Nawaz , Ubaid Ullah , Aqsa Munir , Safiyyah Ubaid , Cyril Kocherry , Biruk Demisse Ayalew , Abdullah , Sherziyan Aftab Qazi , Maryam Ubaid , Raheel Ahmed , Ayesha Jadoon

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) are independent DNA fragments found in mammalian cells, playing a crucial role in oncogene amplification and tumor progression. These circular DNA molecules promote genetic diversity and plasticity, contributing to cancer evolution and drug resistance. Their presence in circulation as cell-free DNA makes them promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment responses. While implicated in various malignancies, this review spotlights their pivotal role in gastrointestinal malignancies. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), over 230,000 eccDNAs have been identified, many correlating with changes in gene expression and tumor aggressiveness. These molecules frequently harbor genes involved in key oncogenic pathways including AKT, STAT3, MAPK, NOTCH, and WNT, while CK19-positive HCCs, often more aggressive, may be driven by eccDNA-associated genomic instability. Similarly, in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC), eccDNA-mediated gene amplifications contribute to resistance against chemotherapeutic agents like methotrexate and cisplatin. In gastric cancer, eccDNAs amplify critical oncogenes such as ERBB2, CCNE1, and MYC, influencing tumor progression. Colorectal cancer also exhibits eccDNA-driven resistance, particularly through amplification of the DHFR gene. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), differentially expressed eccDNAs are linked to the modulation of regulatory elements and oncogenic signaling pathways such as MAPK. Furthermore, eccDNAs in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) have emerged as robust prognostic markers, reflecting tumor behavior and treatment response. Collectively, the evidence underscores eccDNA’s multifaceted role in cancer, supporting their exploration as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets. Ongoing research is critical to fully elucidate their mechanistic contributions and unlock their clinical utility across diverse malignancies.

染色体外环状DNA （extrachrosomal circular DNA, eccDNA）是哺乳动物细胞中发现的独立DNA片段，在癌基因扩增和肿瘤进展中起着至关重要的作用。这些环状DNA分子促进了遗传多样性和可塑性，促进了癌症的进化和耐药性。它们作为游离DNA存在于循环中，这使它们成为癌症诊断和监测治疗反应的有希望的生物标志物。虽然与各种恶性肿瘤有关，但本文综述了它们在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中的关键作用。在肝细胞癌（HCC）中，已经鉴定出超过23万个eccdna，其中许多与基因表达和肿瘤侵袭性的变化有关。这些分子通常含有涉及关键致癌途径的基因，包括AKT、STAT3、MAPK、NOTCH和WNT，而ck19阳性hcc通常更具侵袭性，可能是由eccdna相关的基因组不稳定性驱动的。同样，在下咽鳞状细胞癌（HSCC）中，eccdna介导的基因扩增有助于对甲氨蝶呤和顺铂等化疗药物的耐药。在胃癌中，eccdna扩增关键癌基因，如ERBB2、CCNE1和MYC，影响肿瘤进展。结直肠癌也表现出eccdna驱动的耐药性，特别是通过DHFR基因的扩增。在食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）中，差异表达的eccdna与调控元件和致癌信号通路（如MAPK）的调节有关。此外，eccdna在肝门周围胆管癌（pCCA）中已成为强有力的预后标志物，反映肿瘤行为和治疗反应。总的来说，这些证据强调了eccDNA在癌症中的多方面作用，支持了它们作为诊断工具和治疗靶点的探索。正在进行的研究对于充分阐明它们的机制贡献和解锁它们在不同恶性肿瘤中的临床应用至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolic and microbial crossroads: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and urinary tract infections in (Asian) diabetes care 代谢和微生物十字路口：钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂和尿路感染在（亚洲）糖尿病护理中

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100226

Rob E. Carpenter

The global rise of type 2 diabetes, particularly in Asian populations, has led to widespread adoption of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for glycemic control. While effective, these agents elevate the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by inducing glycosuria, which creates a nutrient-rich environment that favors uropathogen growth. Asian individuals may be disproportionately vulnerable to SGLT2 inhibitor–associated UTIs due to a confluence of factors, including lower body mass index, increased visceral adiposity, congenital urinary tract anomalies, and genetic polymorphisms that impair uroepithelial integrity and immunity. This review integrates emerging evidence on the molecular, anatomical, and immunometabolic mechanisms that underlie infection susceptibility in this population. Special attention is given to the role of Escherichia coli virulence pathways—including adhesin expression, siderophore production, and biofilm formation—along with host immune impairments in diabetes that facilitate infection persistence. The review also explores how recurrent antibiotic use in these settings accelerates antimicrobial resistance, particularly among extended-spectrum β-lactamase -producing strains. Targeted public health strategies—encompassing glycemic control, antimicrobial stewardship, and non-antibiotic therapies—are needed. This synthesis provides a framework for developing personalized, regionally informed approaches to UTI prevention and management in high-risk diabetic Asian populations.

全球2型糖尿病的增加，特别是在亚洲人群中，导致广泛采用钠-葡萄糖共转运体-2 （SGLT2）抑制剂来控制血糖。虽然有效，但这些药物通过诱导糖尿而增加尿路感染（uti）的风险，这创造了一个有利于尿路病原体生长的营养丰富的环境。由于多种因素的共同作用，亚洲人可能更容易发生SGLT2抑制剂相关的uti，包括较低的体重指数、内脏脂肪增加、先天性尿路异常和损害尿上皮完整性和免疫力的遗传多态性。这篇综述整合了这一人群感染易感性的分子、解剖和免疫代谢机制方面的新证据。特别关注大肠杆菌毒力途径的作用，包括粘连素表达、铁载体产生和生物膜形成，以及糖尿病中促进感染持续的宿主免疫损伤。该综述还探讨了在这些环境中反复使用抗生素如何加速抗菌素耐药性，特别是在广谱β-内酰胺酶产生菌株中。有针对性的公共卫生策略——包括血糖控制、抗菌药物管理和非抗生素治疗——是必要的。这一综合研究为亚洲糖尿病高危人群尿路感染的预防和管理提供了个性化的、区域知情的方法框架。

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引用次数: 0

Digital technologies for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes distress: A review of current evidence 评估、诊断和治疗糖尿病困扰的数字技术：当前证据综述

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100227

Stephanie Sorrell

Diabetes distress is defined as the emotional response to living with diabetes and the burden of intensive self-management. Despite the high prevalence of diabetes distress globally and across different populations, diabetes distress remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in both primary care and specialty settings. However, diabetes distress is highly responsive to clinical attention. Emerging evidence suggests that digital interventions such as mobile phone applications, comprehensive telehealth interventions, and artificial intelligence can provide accessible, personalized, and effective support for individuals experiencing diabetes distress. The purpose of this review is to present the latest evidence on assessing, diagnosing, and treating diabetes distress, with an emphasis on the role of digital technologies. By leveraging digital interventions and prioritizing routine screening, healthcare systems can enhance support for individuals with diabetes, ultimately improving both psychological well-being and clinical outcomes. Mobile phone applications are the most preferred digital intervention, in both older adult populations as well as adolescents and young adults, offering an effective tool for both assessing and treating diabetes distress. TunedIn, a mobile phone application grounded in cognitive behavioral therapy, reduced diabetes distress by approximately 50 % while improving HbA1c, emphasizing the theoretical foundation of diabetes distress as an emotional response to living with diabetes. Comprehensive telehealth solutions have also been shown to be feasible, reducing diabetes distress and improving glycemic outcomes at a reasonable cost without utilizing additional staffing resources. Overall, digital health solutions present a scalable and effective approach to mitigating diabetes distress. However, successful integration into clinical practice requires addressing implementation barriers, improving accessibility, and ensuring culturally tailored interventions. Future research should refine these technologies and explore long-term impacts, with the goal of enhancing both psychological well-being and diabetes management outcomes.

糖尿病痛苦被定义为对糖尿病患者生活的情绪反应和强化自我管理的负担。尽管糖尿病困扰在全球不同人群中普遍存在，但在初级保健和专科机构中，糖尿病困扰仍未得到充分诊断和治疗。然而，糖尿病窘迫是高度响应临床关注。新出现的证据表明，移动电话应用程序、综合远程医疗干预和人工智能等数字干预措施可以为经历糖尿病困扰的个人提供可获取、个性化和有效的支持。本综述的目的是介绍评估、诊断和治疗糖尿病困扰的最新证据，重点介绍数字技术的作用。通过利用数字干预措施和优先进行常规筛查，医疗保健系统可以加强对糖尿病患者的支持，最终改善心理健康和临床结果。手机应用程序是老年人以及青少年和年轻人最喜欢的数字干预手段，为评估和治疗糖尿病困扰提供了有效的工具。TunedIn是一款基于认知行为疗法的手机应用程序，它在改善HbA1c的同时减少了约50%的糖尿病痛苦，强调了糖尿病痛苦是糖尿病患者的一种情绪反应的理论基础。综合远程保健解决方案也已被证明是可行的，可以在不使用额外人力资源的情况下以合理的成本减少糖尿病痛苦和改善血糖结果。总体而言，数字健康解决方案提供了一种可扩展且有效的方法来减轻糖尿病痛苦。然而，成功地融入临床实践需要解决实施障碍，改善可及性，并确保根据文化量身定制干预措施。未来的研究应该完善这些技术并探索长期影响，以提高心理健康和糖尿病管理结果为目标。

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引用次数: 0

Exercise, anxiety, and depression: A theory analysis and evidence synthesis of the exercise and self-esteem model for health professions students 运动、焦虑与抑郁：卫生专业学生运动与自尊模型的理论分析与证据综合

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100225

Matthew J. Wright , Virginia L. Valentin

Evidence demonstrates that difficulties with mental health are common among health professions students. Anxiety and depression are commonly experienced in medical, nursing, and physician assistant education as documented in many cross-sectional studies conducted in these populations. Exercise may represent a potential intervention to mitigate anxiety and depression, which may be partly explained by the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model (ESEM). This narrative review aimed to perform a theory assessment and evidence synthesis of the ESEM as it relates to health professions students. The secondary aim of this review was to determine the ESEM's applicability to health professions students based on the magnitude of findings in the current literature. To perform the evidence synthesis, PubMed searches were performed between June 2024 to March 2025 for evidence supporting each step of the model as related to health professions students. Currently, the literature demonstrates benefits in medical and nursing education, but is lacking in other health professions students. Students learning in high-stress academic environments may benefit from exercise interventions in their curricula, but more evidence is needed in these student populations.

有证据表明，心理健康方面的困难在卫生专业学生中很常见。焦虑和抑郁在医学、护理和医师助理教育中普遍存在，在这些人群中进行了许多横断面研究。运动可能是缓解焦虑和抑郁的一种潜在干预手段，运动和自尊模型（ESEM）可以部分解释这一点。这篇叙述性综述的目的是对与卫生专业学生有关的ESEM进行理论评估和证据综合。本综述的第二个目的是根据当前文献中发现的数量来确定ESEM对卫生专业学生的适用性。为了进行证据合成，在2024年6月至2025年3月期间进行了PubMed搜索，以支持与卫生专业学生相关的模型的每个步骤。目前，文献表明在医学和护理教育的好处，但缺乏其他卫生专业的学生。在高压力的学术环境中学习的学生可能会从课程中的运动干预中受益，但需要更多的证据来证明这些学生群体。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating traditional medicine with network pharmacology for Alzheimer's treatment 传统医学与网络药理学结合治疗阿尔茨海默病

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100223

Sunil Kumar Kadiri, Prashant Tiwari

A progressive neurological disease with a high global prevalence, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory impairment. Due to their primary focus on either a single signaling route or a particular molecular target, current treatment methods have shown limited success. An overview of the area is given in this review, along with an examination of possible supplementary remedies provided by traditional medicine, which takes a holistic approach. We examine attempts to combine network pharmacology, a cutting-edge method that offers deeper understanding of intricate biological processes, with traditional medicine. Compound-target interactions are examined via network pharmacology, which emphasizes the complementary benefits of traditional Chinese herbal remedies. Addressing the various pathways linked to AD enables it to target a variety of mechanisms, such as tau phosphorylation, oxidative stress, amyloid-beta accumulation, and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, the available evidence encourages pharmaceutical industries to consider herbs such as Ginkgo biloba, Curcuma longa, and Panax ginseng for AD management. Network pharmacology offers a valuable tool to validate their efficacy by predicting the molecular targets of compounds associated with amyloid-beta toxicity, tau hyperphosphorylation, and oxidative stress modulation. However, significant challenges remain in combining network pharmacology with traditional medicine, such as the standardization of herbal extracts and clinical validation of their effects. Despite being in its early stages, this multifaceted approach holds great promise for the development of more effective therapeutics with tangible clinical benefits for AD.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种全球高发的进行性神经系统疾病，以记忆障碍为特征。由于其主要关注单一信号通路或特定分子靶点，目前的治疗方法显示出有限的成功。本综述概述了这一领域，并审查了采用整体方法的传统医学可能提供的补充疗法。我们研究了将网络药理学与传统医学结合起来的尝试，网络药理学是一种前沿方法，可以更深入地了解复杂的生物过程。通过网络药理学研究了化合物与靶标的相互作用，强调了传统中药的互补益处。解决与AD相关的各种途径使其能够针对多种机制，如tau磷酸化，氧化应激，淀粉样蛋白积累和神经炎症。此外，现有的证据鼓励制药行业考虑使用银杏、姜黄和人参等草药来治疗AD。网络药理学通过预测与淀粉样蛋白- β毒性、tau过度磷酸化和氧化应激调节相关的化合物的分子靶点，为验证其有效性提供了一个有价值的工具。然而，将网络药理学与传统医学相结合仍然存在重大挑战，例如草药提取物的标准化和其效果的临床验证。尽管还处于早期阶段，但这种多方面的方法为开发更有效的治疗方法提供了巨大的希望，并为阿尔茨海默病提供了切实的临床益处。

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引用次数: 0

Pathogenesis of myocardial infarction in young adults 青壮年心肌梗死的发病机制

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100222

Moses D. Manumbu M.D , Dama Faniriatsoa Henrio Marcellin , Junxi Liao , Prof. Shi Ruizheng M.D, PhD

Despite advancements in medicine, ischemic heart diseases continue to be the leading cause of death, with myocardial infarction (MI) being the most severe form. Commonly diagnosed in today's population, MI incidents have been increasing, particularly among young adults. This stage of life is critical and significantly affects the socioeconomic well-being of the community. Several risk factors contribute to the prevalence of MI in young adults, including smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and a family history of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, factors like obesity, diabetes, and substance abuse also play a significant role. However, since most risk factors are modifiable, the incidence of MI can be reduced, emphasizing the need for increased awareness.

尽管医学取得了进步，但缺血性心脏病仍然是导致死亡的主要原因，其中心肌梗死（MI）是最严重的形式。在今天的人群中，心肌梗死的发病率一直在上升，尤其是在年轻人中。这一阶段至关重要，对社区的社会经济福祉有重大影响。几个危险因素导致年轻人心肌梗死的流行，包括吸烟、高血压、血脂异常和心血管疾病家族史。此外，肥胖、糖尿病和药物滥用等因素也起着重要作用。然而，由于大多数危险因素是可以改变的，因此可以降低心肌梗死的发生率，这强调了提高认识的必要性。

引用次数: 0

Strategies for implementation of patient and family-centered care in the perioperative context: A scoping review 围手术期实施以患者和家庭为中心的护理策略：范围综述

Health sciences review (Oxford, England)

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100220

Bernard Atinyagrika Adugbire, Portia Janine Jordan, Cornelle Young, Chinwe Iwu-Jaja

引用次数: 0